Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran, Sandeep Sivakumar, I. B. Kalarani, Vajagathali Mohammed
Obesity is described as the accumulation of excess body fat. Several health issues are caused by excess fat, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, obesity rates among schoolchildren and young adults are rising globally, putting young people at risk of chronic diseases. Genetics, epigenetic modification, epigenomics, and environmental factors influence inheritance patterns significantly. This systematic study aimed to classify and investigate the polymorphisms of novel candidate obesity genes. Several genes have been suggested, includingat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), leptin gene (LEP), leptin receptor gene (LEPR), peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma gene (PPARG), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG2), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1), adrenoceptor beta 2 (ADRB2), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). The study’s literature review identified genes in scientific papers published in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and others over the past three decades. There is evidence that genetic variations contribute to childhood obesity, adolescent obesity, and young adult obesity. Identifying functional differences and further defining the implicated molecularly and physiologically involved genes andpathways in efficient therapeutic approaches in fighting. Technological advances have recently demonstrated that genetic changes and mutations can be used as biological markers, risk indicators, and therapeutic targets.
肥胖被描述为身体多余脂肪的积累。一些健康问题是由过量脂肪引起的，包括癌症、2型糖尿病和心血管疾病。此外，全球学童和年轻人的肥胖率正在上升，使年轻人面临患慢性病的风险。遗传学、表观遗传学修饰、表观基因组学和环境因素显著影响遗传模式。本系统研究旨在对新的候选肥胖基因的多态性进行分类和研究。已经提出了几个基因，包括体重和肥胖相关基因（FTO）、瘦素基因（LEP）、瘦素受体基因（LEPR）、过氧化物酶体增殖活化受体γ基因（PPARG）、黑素皮质素4受体（MC4R）、胰岛素诱导基因2（INSIG2）、前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/可辛1型（PCSK1）、肾上腺素受体β2（ADRB2）和解偶联蛋白2（UCP2）。该研究的文献综述在过去三十年中，在Web of Science、PubMed、Google Scholar、Embase等数据库中发表的科学论文中确定了基因。有证据表明，基因变异导致儿童肥胖、青少年肥胖和青年肥胖。识别功能差异，并进一步定义涉及分子和生理的基因，以及在战斗中有效治疗方法的途径。最近的技术进步表明，基因变化和突变可以用作生物标记、风险指标和治疗靶点。
{"title":"A Review of Genes Associated with Obesity Susceptibility: Findings from Association Studies","authors":"Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran, Sandeep Sivakumar, I. B. Kalarani, Vajagathali Mohammed","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023959","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is described as the accumulation of excess body fat. Several health issues are caused by excess fat, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, obesity rates among schoolchildren and young adults are rising globally, putting young people at risk of chronic diseases. Genetics, epigenetic modification, epigenomics, and environmental factors influence inheritance patterns significantly. This systematic study aimed to classify and investigate the polymorphisms of novel candidate obesity genes. Several genes have been suggested, includingat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), leptin gene (LEP), leptin receptor gene (LEPR), peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma gene (PPARG), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG2), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1), adrenoceptor beta 2 (ADRB2), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). The study’s literature review identified genes in scientific papers published in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and others over the past three decades. There is evidence that genetic variations contribute to childhood obesity, adolescent obesity, and young adult obesity. Identifying functional differences and further defining the implicated molecularly and physiologically involved genes andpathways in efficient therapeutic approaches in fighting. Technological advances have recently demonstrated that genetic changes and mutations can be used as biological markers, risk indicators, and therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46060257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Reduction of ambulance response time leads to an increase in positive patient outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether an accomplished response time within eight minutes could be increased after the introduction of an alarm system policy and to study if the mortality rate would be decreased after the introduction of alarm system policy. Material and Methods: An interrupted time series was conducted in the collection of code red patients between the following dates: 1st November 2015 and 31st October 2019. The data was collected from the medical records of Maharaj Nakorn, Chiang Mai Hospital. The collected data were separated into: the pre-protocol period (1st November 2015 to 31st October 2017) and the post-protocol period (1st November 2017 to 31st October 2019). Results: A total of 552 patients were included in the overall analysis. The success rates of response time within eight minutes of patients with code red in the pre-protocol period and post-protocol period were 64.62% and 73.11%, respectively. It was discovered that the success rate was significantly higher (adjusted odd ratio=1.627, 95% confidence interval: [1.017, 2.602]; p-value<0.05) in the post-protocol period versus the pre-protocol period. A decrease in the mortality rate in 24 hours and the mortality rate in the emergency room (ER) was observed in post-protocol period, from the interrupted time series model. However, no significant difference was evident through the process of statistical analysis. Conclusion: The implementation of the protocol could significantly reduce response time; thus, achieving the 8-minute goal. Hence, this protocol will be able to promote better emergency services in pre-hospital-based care.
{"title":"Effectiveness of the Alarm System Policy on Reducing Ambulance Response Time in Prehospital Emergency Patient Care","authors":"Siwakorn Chanchalotorn, Tin Ayurag, Supakorn Suwansilisil, Christsanutth Siripakkaphant, Petnumnueng Ponsumritchok, Nattaphan Siritikul, Supanut Waroonkun, Charupat Prayunsangrussamee, Parinya Tianwibool","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023958","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Reduction of ambulance response time leads to an increase in positive patient outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether an accomplished response time within eight minutes could be increased after the introduction of an alarm system policy and to study if the mortality rate would be decreased after the introduction of alarm system policy. Material and Methods: An interrupted time series was conducted in the collection of code red patients between the following dates: 1st November 2015 and 31st October 2019. The data was collected from the medical records of Maharaj Nakorn, Chiang Mai Hospital. The collected data were separated into: the pre-protocol period (1st November 2015 to 31st October 2017) and the post-protocol period (1st November 2017 to 31st October 2019). Results: A total of 552 patients were included in the overall analysis. The success rates of response time within eight minutes of patients with code red in the pre-protocol period and post-protocol period were 64.62% and 73.11%, respectively. It was discovered that the success rate was significantly higher (adjusted odd ratio=1.627, 95% confidence interval: [1.017, 2.602]; p-value<0.05) in the post-protocol period versus the pre-protocol period. A decrease in the mortality rate in 24 hours and the mortality rate in the emergency room (ER) was observed in post-protocol period, from the interrupted time series model. However, no significant difference was evident through the process of statistical analysis. Conclusion: The implementation of the protocol could significantly reduce response time; thus, achieving the 8-minute goal. Hence, this protocol will be able to promote better emergency services in pre-hospital-based care. ","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43724340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Phanachet, Onanong Lertsomphol, P. Chattranukulchai, Chanika Sritara
Objective: To develop and evaluate a low-iodine diet (LID) instructional media for preparing radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy on LID practices, and knowledge in thyroid patients. Material and Methods: This study was a randomized control trial (RCT), consisting of 120 thyroid participants; divided into 2 groups: a control group (original leaflet) and an intervention group (video and booklets). The efficacy of LID media was determined by measuring iodine intake, urine I/Cr ratio, knowledge tests, satisfaction surveys, and facilitators and barriers during the LID period. Results: This study was conducted with 96 individuals. The energy and biggest nutrient intake changes were significantly lower than the baseline. The iodine intake levels of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conversely, the urine I/Cr ratio and proportion of participants that achieved the criteria of both groups showed no significant difference via inter-group. Participants evaluated “agreed” and “strongly agreed” for satisfaction assessment. Furthermore, both groups suggested the importance of social support and encouragement to attain their goal. Conclusion: The results of the efficacy of LID instructional media were evidence-based for developing and evaluating LID multimedia for preparing RAI therapy in thyroid patients in Thailand. There are also good instruments for advice to thyroid patients in the hospital.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Low-Iodine Diet Instructional Media for the Preparation of Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Thyroid Patients","authors":"P. Phanachet, Onanong Lertsomphol, P. Chattranukulchai, Chanika Sritara","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023957","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To develop and evaluate a low-iodine diet (LID) instructional media for preparing radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy on LID practices, and knowledge in thyroid patients. Material and Methods: This study was a randomized control trial (RCT), consisting of 120 thyroid participants; divided into 2 groups: a control group (original leaflet) and an intervention group (video and booklets). The efficacy of LID media was determined by measuring iodine intake, urine I/Cr ratio, knowledge tests, satisfaction surveys, and facilitators and barriers during the LID period. Results: This study was conducted with 96 individuals. The energy and biggest nutrient intake changes were significantly lower than the baseline. The iodine intake levels of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conversely, the urine I/Cr ratio and proportion of participants that achieved the criteria of both groups showed no significant difference via inter-group. Participants evaluated “agreed” and “strongly agreed” for satisfaction assessment. Furthermore, both groups suggested the importance of social support and encouragement to attain their goal. Conclusion: The results of the efficacy of LID instructional media were evidence-based for developing and evaluating LID multimedia for preparing RAI therapy in thyroid patients in Thailand. There are also good instruments for advice to thyroid patients in the hospital.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41557963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. T. Pham, Yen T. N. Dang, Thanh V. Vo, H. Y. Tran, Thang Nguyen
Objective: to document patients’ antihypertensive agents, determine their medication adherence, and identify factors associated with the adherence. Material and Methods: A prospective study was performed on a group of hypertensive outpatients, with social health insurance, in Can Tho, Vietnam. The study included 330 patients over 18 years old, who agreed to participate and could listen, speak and answer questions in Vietnamese. The data collection method was based on prescriptions and patient interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Generalized Estimating Equations with Poisson-log linear distribution. Results: Among the drug use characteristics, 76.1% were prescribed beta-blockers, 91.5% polytherapy, and 63.0% changed drugs at the third follow-up visit. The percentage of patients who adhered to medication ranged from 70.0% to 91.2%. Factors that improved drug adherence included: the academic level at high school or higher (39.0% increase), living in urban areas (15.0% increase), having a job related to social interaction (11.2%), and having a family history of hypertension (9.0% increase). Factors that reduced adherence included: advanced age (22.0% decrease), prolonged disease duration (16.0% decrease), prolonged treatment duration (11.0% decrease), and changes in at least one type of antihypertensive drug (8.0% decrease). Conclusion: The highlight of this study is the demonstration of an inverse relationship between the adherence rate and the number of follow-up visits: the higher the number of visits, the lower the adherence rate. The 3rd follow-up adherence rate was 70.0%, and the decreased adherence rate is related to older age, higher education levels, and a longer duration of treatment.
{"title":"Medication Use and Adherence in Patients with Hypertension: A Prospective Study in Vietnam","authors":"S. T. Pham, Yen T. N. Dang, Thanh V. Vo, H. Y. Tran, Thang Nguyen","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023956","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to document patients’ antihypertensive agents, determine their medication adherence, and identify factors associated with the adherence. Material and Methods: A prospective study was performed on a group of hypertensive outpatients, with social health insurance, in Can Tho, Vietnam. The study included 330 patients over 18 years old, who agreed to participate and could listen, speak and answer questions in Vietnamese. The data collection method was based on prescriptions and patient interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Generalized Estimating Equations with Poisson-log linear distribution. Results: Among the drug use characteristics, 76.1% were prescribed beta-blockers, 91.5% polytherapy, and 63.0% changed drugs at the third follow-up visit. The percentage of patients who adhered to medication ranged from 70.0% to 91.2%. Factors that improved drug adherence included: the academic level at high school or higher (39.0% increase), living in urban areas (15.0% increase), having a job related to social interaction (11.2%), and having a family history of hypertension (9.0% increase). Factors that reduced adherence included: advanced age (22.0% decrease), prolonged disease duration (16.0% decrease), prolonged treatment duration (11.0% decrease), and changes in at least one type of antihypertensive drug (8.0% decrease). Conclusion: The highlight of this study is the demonstration of an inverse relationship between the adherence rate and the number of follow-up visits: the higher the number of visits, the lower the adherence rate. The 3rd follow-up adherence rate was 70.0%, and the decreased adherence rate is related to older age, higher education levels, and a longer duration of treatment.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43385386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the socio-demographic factors affecting health related quality of life in renal transplant recipients. Material and Methods: A census of all registered post-renal-transplant patients was conducted from October 1, 2018, to January 31, 2019. Data were collected on a Kidney Disease Quality of Life questionnaire (SF-1.3) and analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Scores in the three main domains, physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), and kidney disease component summary, were calculated. Mean scores for gender, type of donor, and employment were compared by unpaired t-test, while mean scores for age, level of education, and duration of transplant were compared by analysis of variance. Results: Out of 315 patients, 277 (87.9%) were males and 38 (12.1%) were females. The mean age was 37.26 (±10.14) years. Live unrelated transplants were 58.41% while live related transplants were 41.58%. Males had a significantly higher average (p-value=0.001) PCS score, but females had significantly higher average (p-value=0.05) MCS score. There was variation with respect to the PCS (p-value=0.031) and MCS (p-value=0.001) scores in the different age categories. The education groups varied significantly with respect to MCS (p-value=0.05). The recipients of live unrelated transplants had significantly lower average PCS score. Conclusion: The female gender, live related donor and variations in ages were associated with lower PCS scores, while male gender, variations in ages, and education were associated with lower MCS scores. This study demonstrates that the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-1.3 (KDQOL SF-1.3) is a good tool to reveal differences in HRQOL scores in renal transplant recipients.
{"title":"Socio-demographic Factors Affecting Health-related-quality of Life in Post-renal-transplant Patients","authors":"H. Adeeb, I. Ullah, R. Amin","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023955","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the socio-demographic factors affecting health related quality of life in renal transplant recipients. Material and Methods: A census of all registered post-renal-transplant patients was conducted from October 1, 2018, to January 31, 2019. Data were collected on a Kidney Disease Quality of Life questionnaire (SF-1.3) and analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Scores in the three main domains, physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), and kidney disease component summary, were calculated. Mean scores for gender, type of donor, and employment were compared by unpaired t-test, while mean scores for age, level of education, and duration of transplant were compared by analysis of variance. Results: Out of 315 patients, 277 (87.9%) were males and 38 (12.1%) were females. The mean age was 37.26 (±10.14) years. Live unrelated transplants were 58.41% while live related transplants were 41.58%. Males had a significantly higher average (p-value=0.001) PCS score, but females had significantly higher average (p-value=0.05) MCS score. There was variation with respect to the PCS (p-value=0.031) and MCS (p-value=0.001) scores in the different age categories. The education groups varied significantly with respect to MCS (p-value=0.05). The recipients of live unrelated transplants had significantly lower average PCS score. Conclusion: The female gender, live related donor and variations in ages were associated with lower PCS scores, while male gender, variations in ages, and education were associated with lower MCS scores. This study demonstrates that the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-1.3 (KDQOL SF-1.3) is a good tool to reveal differences in HRQOL scores in renal transplant recipients.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48093678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sedentary behavior (SB) and factors associating with meeting the screen time guidelines among the Thai youth using a nationwide population-based survey. Material and Methods: Data from a national representative sample of 3,900 Thai youths aged 14–17 years old across the country were drawn from the Thailand Physical Activity Children Survey. SB was classified into screen time and sitting down activity. The youths were classified as meeting the screen time guidelines if they spent less than 120 min on screen time activities. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and meeting the screen time guidelines. Results: Overall, 33.7% of Thai youths were highly sedentary; only 30.5% of them met the screen time guidelines. Regarding screen time activity, the participants spent the highest amount of time using online social media; meanwhile, doing homework was the sitting down activity taking the greatest proportion of their time. The youths who were older and engaged in more screen time activities were significantly more likely to meet the screen time guidelines. Moreover, those who resided in regions other than Bangkok and had longer sleep times were significantly more likely to meet the screen time guidelines. Conclusion: The prevalence estimates of meeting the screen time guideline among the Thai youth were low. Age, geographical region of residence, number of engagements in screen time activities, and sleep time were associated with meeting the screen time guidelines. Our findings indicate that public health policies and interventions are needed to reduce SB among Thai youths; particular attention should be paid to the associating factors of SB.
{"title":"Prevalence of Sedentary Behavior and Factors Associated with Screen Time among Thai Youths Aged 14–17 Years: A Cross- Sectional Population-Based Survey","authors":"Songdhasn Chinapong, Areekul Amornsriwatanakul","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023954","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sedentary behavior (SB) and factors associating with meeting the screen time guidelines among the Thai youth using a nationwide population-based survey. Material and Methods: Data from a national representative sample of 3,900 Thai youths aged 14–17 years old across the country were drawn from the Thailand Physical Activity Children Survey. SB was classified into screen time and sitting down activity. The youths were classified as meeting the screen time guidelines if they spent less than 120 min on screen time activities. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and meeting the screen time guidelines. Results: Overall, 33.7% of Thai youths were highly sedentary; only 30.5% of them met the screen time guidelines. Regarding screen time activity, the participants spent the highest amount of time using online social media; meanwhile, doing homework was the sitting down activity taking the greatest proportion of their time. The youths who were older and engaged in more screen time activities were significantly more likely to meet the screen time guidelines. Moreover, those who resided in regions other than Bangkok and had longer sleep times were significantly more likely to meet the screen time guidelines. Conclusion: The prevalence estimates of meeting the screen time guideline among the Thai youth were low. Age, geographical region of residence, number of engagements in screen time activities, and sleep time were associated with meeting the screen time guidelines. Our findings indicate that public health policies and interventions are needed to reduce SB among Thai youths; particular attention should be paid to the associating factors of SB. ","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42216356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To study factor correlation and classification affecting abnormalities in chest computed tomographies (CTs) of 608-group patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Material and Methods: We retrospectively collected data of 608-group patients with COVID-19 pneumonia from medical records combined with data from chest CTs which were interpreted by a radiologist for CT abnormalities. The findings were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Fisher’s Exact Test and multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) by a stepwise method. Results: The majority of the 161 patients were female (55.9%), with an average age of 62.90 years (S.D. 16.68) and average weight of 63.07 kg (S.D. 16.18), non-smoking and non-alcohol drinking (71.4% and 61.5%, respectively) and with underlying respiratory diseases (28.6%). The important symptoms brought to a doctor were main symptoms including fever, chills, cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, difficult breathing, shortness of breath (74.5%). The average duration from onset of the symptoms to perform chest CTs was 11.18 days (S.D. 5.42). The abnormalities of CTs chest such as characteristics and locations were periphery (54.7%) with ground-glass opacity (44.7%). The CT severity score was level 2 (24.8%) from 5 levels. MDA revealed there were 5 factors affecting the abnormalities in the chest CTs of 608-group patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. CT severity score, peripheral location, body weight, age and location in the lower lungs. These factors accurately predicted abnormalities in chest CTs (60.2%). Conclusion: Abnormalities in chest CTs, and factor correlation and classification that affect abnormalities in chest CTs of 608-group patients with COVID-19 pneumonia will benefit the medical and multidisciplinary team in helping to determine treatment method, accurately prognosing severity and reducing mortality.
{"title":"A Discriminant Analysis of the Factors Affecting Abnormalities in Chest Computed Tomographies of 608-Group Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia","authors":"Sitthichok Fangmongkol, V. Posai","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023952","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study factor correlation and classification affecting abnormalities in chest computed tomographies (CTs) of 608-group patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Material and Methods: We retrospectively collected data of 608-group patients with COVID-19 pneumonia from medical records combined with data from chest CTs which were interpreted by a radiologist for CT abnormalities. The findings were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Fisher’s Exact Test and multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) by a stepwise method. Results: The majority of the 161 patients were female (55.9%), with an average age of 62.90 years (S.D. 16.68) and average weight of 63.07 kg (S.D. 16.18), non-smoking and non-alcohol drinking (71.4% and 61.5%, respectively) and with underlying respiratory diseases (28.6%). The important symptoms brought to a doctor were main symptoms including fever, chills, cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, difficult breathing, shortness of breath (74.5%). The average duration from onset of the symptoms to perform chest CTs was 11.18 days (S.D. 5.42). The abnormalities of CTs chest such as characteristics and locations were periphery (54.7%) with ground-glass opacity (44.7%). The CT severity score was level 2 (24.8%) from 5 levels. MDA revealed there were 5 factors affecting the abnormalities in the chest CTs of 608-group patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. CT severity score, peripheral location, body weight, age and location in the lower lungs. These factors accurately predicted abnormalities in chest CTs (60.2%). Conclusion: Abnormalities in chest CTs, and factor correlation and classification that affect abnormalities in chest CTs of 608-group patients with COVID-19 pneumonia will benefit the medical and multidisciplinary team in helping to determine treatment method, accurately prognosing severity and reducing mortality.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48835649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To assess the pre-analytical factors including hand-side, representative collection technique and individual forensic physician for foreign deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection in specimen collected from deceased’s fingernails. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study, of an initial 164 samples from the fingernails of both hands, of 82 deceased caseworks; from 2010 to 2018, at the Forensic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University. The autosomal short tandem repeats profile fingernail DNA results, pre-analytical factors, and the deceased’s characteristics were obtained from the records. The fingernail DNA outcomes were evaluated and ranked into five groups, i.e., high-level profile, low-level profile, or residual profile; if foreign alleles of more than 11 alleles, 4 to 11 alleles, or less than 4 alleles were detected, respectively. The non-specific profile group consisted of foreign DNA being detected; however the peak signals were below the decisional threshold. The unidentified group consisted of no foreign DNA being detected. The full model underwent both directional stepwise model selection, and the resulting model with the lowest Akaike information criterion was selected as the final model. The final model was analyzed by ordinal logistic regression for significant associated factors: at a 95% confidence level. Results: The representative collection technique is an associated factor, via the use of fingernail swabs (adjusted odds ratio (ORa)=13.44, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.89–62.45), and had a larger effect size than using fingernail cuttings (ORa=6.84, 95% CI=1.47–31.86). Conclusion: At post-mortem examination, for the collection of foreign DNA from fingernails, the use of fingernail swabs, as a collection technique, is of particular interest.
{"title":"Pre-analytical Associated Factors of Foreign DNA Detection Beneath Deceased’s Fingernails","authors":"Kittisak Sripong","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023951","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the pre-analytical factors including hand-side, representative collection technique and individual forensic physician for foreign deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection in specimen collected from deceased’s fingernails. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study, of an initial 164 samples from the fingernails of both hands, of 82 deceased caseworks; from 2010 to 2018, at the Forensic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University. The autosomal short tandem repeats profile fingernail DNA results, pre-analytical factors, and the deceased’s characteristics were obtained from the records. The fingernail DNA outcomes were evaluated and ranked into five groups, i.e., high-level profile, low-level profile, or residual profile; if foreign alleles of more than 11 alleles, 4 to 11 alleles, or less than 4 alleles were detected, respectively. The non-specific profile group consisted of foreign DNA being detected; however the peak signals were below the decisional threshold. The unidentified group consisted of no foreign DNA being detected. The full model underwent both directional stepwise model selection, and the resulting model with the lowest Akaike information criterion was selected as the final model. The final model was analyzed by ordinal logistic regression for significant associated factors: at a 95% confidence level. Results: The representative collection technique is an associated factor, via the use of fingernail swabs (adjusted odds ratio (ORa)=13.44, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.89–62.45), and had a larger effect size than using fingernail cuttings (ORa=6.84, 95% CI=1.47–31.86). Conclusion: At post-mortem examination, for the collection of foreign DNA from fingernails, the use of fingernail swabs, as a collection technique, is of particular interest.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43191345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mai Thi Lan Anh, Nujjaree Chaimongkol, Truong Tuan Anh, Le Thi Thanh Tuyen, Do Thi Anh Thu, Hoang Thi Minh Thai, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong, Dao Trong Quan, Do Thi Thu Hien
Objective: There is a relative lack of research regarding case-based educational interventions to improve blood and body fluid exposure prevention practice among nursing students. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of case-based educational intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding blood and body fluid exposure prevention among nursing students, at some universities in Vietnam. Material and Methods: This study employed a randomized control trial design. Simple random sampling was used to recruit the target population, to obtain 87 nursing students. Students’ knowledge, attitude and self-reported behavior scale on exposure prevention were used to collect data at three time-points. The 4-week case-based educational intervention was provided to the intervention group (42 students); whereas, the control group received only regular training. Results: The findings revealed that there were significant, positive differences in students’ knowledge, and attitude toward blood and body fluid exposure prevention in the intervention groups than in the control group after receiving the intervention, which remained over time. Conclusion: Higher educational institutions should provide case-based educational intervention to nursing students, so as to enhance their blood and body fluid exposure prevention practices.
{"title":"Effectiveness of a Case-based Educational Intervention Focusing on Blood and Body Fluid Exposure Prevention among Nursing Students","authors":"Mai Thi Lan Anh, Nujjaree Chaimongkol, Truong Tuan Anh, Le Thi Thanh Tuyen, Do Thi Anh Thu, Hoang Thi Minh Thai, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong, Dao Trong Quan, Do Thi Thu Hien","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023953","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: There is a relative lack of research regarding case-based educational interventions to improve blood and body fluid exposure prevention practice among nursing students. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of case-based educational intervention on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding blood and body fluid exposure prevention among nursing students, at some universities in Vietnam. Material and Methods: This study employed a randomized control trial design. Simple random sampling was used to recruit the target population, to obtain 87 nursing students. Students’ knowledge, attitude and self-reported behavior scale on exposure prevention were used to collect data at three time-points. The 4-week case-based educational intervention was provided to the intervention group (42 students); whereas, the control group received only regular training. Results: The findings revealed that there were significant, positive differences in students’ knowledge, and attitude toward blood and body fluid exposure prevention in the intervention groups than in the control group after receiving the intervention, which remained over time. Conclusion: Higher educational institutions should provide case-based educational intervention to nursing students, so as to enhance their blood and body fluid exposure prevention practices.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46267446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the levels of burden, social support, and mental health among Thai relatives of individuals with depression, and to explore factors associations with the burden. Material and Methods: From March to July 2022, a cross-sectional study surveyed Thai relatives of individuals with depression at Songklanagarind Hospital. The questionnaires inquired about 1) demographic data, 2) Zarit burden interview- Thai version, 3) Thai version General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and 4) Revised Thai Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (rMSPSS). The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistic method, and multiple logistic regression. Results: There were 139 relatives of individuals with depression who participated in this study. The majority of them were female (69.1%) with a mean age of 49.8±12.6 years. According to the Thai GHQ-28, most participants (90.6%) had no probable psychiatric or psychological distress. Most of them (86.3%) had little or no burden. There were no participants who reported having a severe burden, only three participants (2.2%) had a moderate to severe burden. They had a high level of perceived social support in connections to the subgroups of family and friends. The factors associated with the mild and moderate burden of relatives were the status of the relationship, psychological distress, and perceived social support in the subgroup of family. Conclusion: Most relatives of individuals with depression reported little or no burden, no psychological distress, and receiving a high level of social support. Status of relationship, psychological distress, and perceived social support were associated factors with the mild and moderate burden of relatives.
{"title":"Burden among Relatives of Individuals with Depression in Southern Thailand: A University Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Jarurin Pitanupong, Chanawee Tuntikitjakun","doi":"10.31584/jhsmr.2023950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2023950","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the levels of burden, social support, and mental health among Thai relatives of individuals with depression, and to explore factors associations with the burden. Material and Methods: From March to July 2022, a cross-sectional study surveyed Thai relatives of individuals with depression at Songklanagarind Hospital. The questionnaires inquired about 1) demographic data, 2) Zarit burden interview- Thai version, 3) Thai version General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and 4) Revised Thai Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (rMSPSS). The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistic method, and multiple logistic regression. Results: There were 139 relatives of individuals with depression who participated in this study. The majority of them were female (69.1%) with a mean age of 49.8±12.6 years. According to the Thai GHQ-28, most participants (90.6%) had no probable psychiatric or psychological distress. Most of them (86.3%) had little or no burden. There were no participants who reported having a severe burden, only three participants (2.2%) had a moderate to severe burden. They had a high level of perceived social support in connections to the subgroups of family and friends. The factors associated with the mild and moderate burden of relatives were the status of the relationship, psychological distress, and perceived social support in the subgroup of family. Conclusion: Most relatives of individuals with depression reported little or no burden, no psychological distress, and receiving a high level of social support. Status of relationship, psychological distress, and perceived social support were associated factors with the mild and moderate burden of relatives.","PeriodicalId":36211,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Science and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44594989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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