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Website promotion of dental institutions: An example of Serbia as a dental tourism destination 牙科机构的网站推广:塞尔维亚作为牙科旅游目的地的一个例子
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2204043g
Dušan Garabinović, S. Anđelić, Miloš Papić
Modern means of tourism promotion have become difficult to imagine without the Internet usage. As one of the oldest forms of presentation on the Internet, a website still plays an important role that should not be neglected. In this paper, website is considered as the basis for establishing better promotional activities of the existing dental institutions in health tourism, or dental tourism, to be more specific. Health tourism is one of the potentials for tourism development in the Republic of Serbia, although not exploited in its full potential. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the dental tourism institutions marketing management practice overview in Serbia, indicating the situation in online presence of health institutions highlighted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia. Forty dental institutions were analysed from the point of the official website existence as well as their structural and content characteristics.
如果没有互联网的使用,现代旅游推广手段已经变得难以想象。作为互联网上最古老的展示形式之一,网站仍然发挥着不可忽视的重要作用。在本文中,网站被认为是现有牙科机构在健康旅游,或者更具体地说,牙科旅游中建立更好的宣传活动的基础。保健旅游是塞尔维亚共和国旅游业发展的潜力之一,尽管其潜力尚未得到充分开发。本文的目的是为塞尔维亚牙科旅游机构营销管理实践概述做出贡献,表明塞尔维亚共和国卫生部强调的卫生机构在线存在的情况。从我国40家牙科机构官方网站的存在以及网站的结构和内容特点等方面进行分析。
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引用次数: 0
Raspberry production, trade and market in the Republic of Serbia 塞尔维亚共和国覆盆子的生产、贸易和市场
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2203091k
N. Kljaić, P. Vuković, S. Arsić
Fruit production has great importance for the Serbian economy, especially the production of berries, where the production of raspberries can be highlighted. Investments in raising raspberry plantations are relatively high, but the invested funds return quickly, given that raspberry fruits have a high market value in both domestic and foreign markets, so the economic risk that accompanies production is much lower than for large fruits. Due to the high value of production on a small area and due to the high position that raspberries have in the total market value, the interest of producers to raise larger areas under raspberry plantations is increasingly pronounced, and therefore its production is constantly increasing. Accordingly, the paper presents the volume of raspberry production in our country for the last ten years (period 2011-2020), trade and foreign trade with other countries, sales and purchase, as well as problems in the market of raspberry purchase in our country.
水果生产对塞尔维亚经济非常重要,尤其是浆果的生产,其中覆盆子的生产可以突出。种植覆盆子人工林的投资相对较高,但投入的资金回报很快,因为覆盆子在国内外市场上都有很高的市场价值,因此伴随生产的经济风险远低于大型水果。由于小面积生产的高价值和覆盆子在总市场价值中的高地位,生产者种植更大面积覆盆子种植园的兴趣日益明显,因此覆盆子的产量不断增加。据此,本文介绍了近十年(2011-2020年)我国覆盆子的产量、与其他国家的贸易和外贸、销售和采购情况,以及我国覆盆子采购市场存在的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of e-retailing in Danube region countries 多瑙河地区国家电子零售分析
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2201031k
J. Končar, S. Vučenović, Radenko Marić
This paper investigated the role and importance of e-retailing in traditional marketing channels in the selected countries of the Danube region. The main aim of the research was to highlight the economic benefits of e-retailing in traditional retail institutions analyzing the revenue from the sale of e-retailing in traditional retailers' business and representation of e-retailing "click and brick" in the group of largest e-retailers. The core idea of this paper was to empirically evaluate if the e-retailing implementation is in correlation with business profit, origin and specific form of a retailer. In this context, the study was conducted using the volume of sales revenue, the origin of retailer and form of the retail outlet, as independent variables based on which a volume of e-retailing presence as the dependent variable is evaluated. This study eliminates retailer's sales revenue as a statistically significant indicator which influences the implementation of e-retailing. On the other hand, the findings show that foreign retailers significantly less likely to implement e-retailing than domestic retailers when analyzing all countries in the region. When it comes to retailing formats, results suggest that retailers with retail format shopping centres and kiosks don't have e-retailing. All remaining retail formats have e-retailing. This paper formulates practical suggestions for further using of e-retailing in Danube region countries' marketing channels.
本文在多瑙河地区选定的国家调查了电子零售在传统营销渠道中的作用和重要性。本研究的主要目的是强调电子零售在传统零售机构的经济效益,分析电子零售在传统零售商业务中的销售收入和电子零售“点击和砖块”在最大的电子零售商群体中的代表。本文的核心思想是实证评估电子零售的实施是否与零售商的商业利润、来源和具体形式相关。在这种情况下,研究是使用销售收入的数量,零售商的来源和零售网点的形式,作为自变量的基础上,电子零售的存在量作为因变量进行评估。本研究排除了零售商的销售收入作为影响电子零售实施的统计显著指标。另一方面,调查结果显示,在分析该地区所有国家时,外国零售商实施电子零售的可能性明显低于国内零售商。当谈到零售模式时,结果表明,拥有零售模式购物中心和售货亭的零售商没有电子零售。所有剩余的零售业态都有电子零售。本文对多瑙河地区国家营销渠道中电子零售的进一步运用提出了切实可行的建议。
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引用次数: 0
AHP multicriteria decision-making methodin green procurement 绿色采购中的AHP多准则决策方法
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2203061m
Nina Mitić, Dragan Janjušić, Milan Beslać
The aim of this article is to research and demonstrates effectiveness of the proposed a multicriteria decision-making methodology, applied for a case of the meat processing industry for cans as a packaging material supplier selection supported by an environmental approach. There are 7 criteria of supplier selection with green dimensions identified, examined and ranked by evaluation factors, the financial, qualitative and environmental management system criteria. The results of this study will support the introduction of the environmental management system and a quality of the suppliers. Sustainable packaging in a food industry is a relatively new addition to the environmental considerations for packaging and could have a pivotal role in a green supply chain of food production, in sustainable partnerships development and a buyer's corporate green image and competencies.
本文的目的是研究和证明提出的多标准决策方法的有效性,适用于肉类加工业罐头作为包装材料供应商选择支持的环境方法的案例。根据评估因素、财务、质量和环境管理体系标准,确定、审查和排名了7个绿色维度的供应商选择标准。这项研究的结果将有助于引入环境管理系统和供应商的质量。食品行业的可持续包装是对包装环境考虑的一个相对较新的补充,可能在食品生产的绿色供应链、可持续伙伴关系发展和买方的企业绿色形象和能力方面发挥关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Economic performance of specialized field crops farms producing sweet corn 生产甜玉米的专业大田作物农场的经济效益
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2204015n
L. Nastić, S. Todorović, S. Ivanović
Sweet corn is not commonly produced at Serbian family farms, although it has a significant economic potential. Besides, there is a lack of research related to economic performance of the sweet corn production. Therefore, the goal of this research was to determine economic effects of introducing sweet corn in the sowing structure of specialized field crops farms in Serbia. The analysis was performed on the model of family farm specialized in the field crops production. Determination of average gross margin for appropriate field crops was followed by the optimization of farms' sowing structure (by applying linear programming approach). Authors analyzed three variants depending on sweet corn participation in the sowing structure. It was determined that the optimization itself increases the use of labor force and positively influences the level of farm gross margin. By combining the optimization with the introduction of sweet corn in the sowing structure even better results are achieved. Therefore, family farms specialized in the field crops production should be encouraged to extend their sowing structure by producing sweet corn. The paper offers an important insight into the combination of crops which can improve an overall economic performance of family farms.
虽然甜玉米具有巨大的经济潜力,但塞尔维亚家庭农场通常不生产甜玉米。此外,对甜玉米生产经济效益的相关研究也较少。因此,本研究的目的是确定在塞尔维亚专业大田作物农场的播种结构中引入甜玉米的经济效果。以专门从事大田作物生产的家庭农场为模型进行分析。确定适合大田作物的平均毛利率,然后优化农场的播种结构(采用线性规划方法)。作者分析了甜玉米参与播种结构的三种变异。结果表明,优化本身提高了劳动力的利用率,对农业毛利率水平产生了积极的影响。通过将优化与甜玉米在播种结构上的引入相结合,取得了更好的效果。因此,应鼓励专门从事大田作物生产的家庭农场通过生产甜玉米来延长其播种结构。这篇论文对能够提高家庭农场整体经济绩效的作物组合提供了重要的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a trading strategy for risk-averse investors based on VaR models 基于VaR模型的风险规避投资者交易策略的发展
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2204065c
Danica Cicmil, Miloš Đaković, Milica Inđić
In this paper various topics related to programming, statistics and financial modelling were addressed with the main idea of establishing a trading strategy. As discussed in the paper, no research has been done on this topic. On the other hand, much research has been done on which model is better, which distribution or confidence level is more appropriate or provides better forecasting capabilities. No one has investigated whether these differences could lead to a development of trading strategy. The paper starts with a definition of the gap in literature and practice. Then the research methodology is outlined in detail. Formulas and parameters are defined and presented. The main conclusion of this paper is the importance of GARCH VaR and the possibility of creating trading strategies. As long as the difference between the GARCH VaR and the other two VaRs does not exceed 1.5%, there is no need to leave the market. Should this situation change, one should leave the market as long as these differences do not fall below 1.50%.
本文以建立交易策略为主要思想,讨论了与编程、统计和金融建模相关的各种主题。正如本文所讨论的,没有关于这个主题的研究。另一方面,关于哪种模型更好,哪种分布或置信水平更合适或提供更好的预测能力的研究已经做了很多。没有人调查过这些差异是否会导致交易策略的发展。本文首先对文献和实践中的差距进行了界定。然后详细概述了本文的研究方法。定义并给出了公式和参数。本文的主要结论是GARCH VaR的重要性和创建交易策略的可能性。只要GARCH VaR与其他两个VaR的差值不超过1.5%,就没有必要离场。如果这种情况发生变化,只要这些差异不低于1.50%,就应该离开市场。
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引用次数: 0
Application of the innovative concept "mindfulness" in organizational and academic practice “正念”创新概念在组织与学术实践中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2202067k
Nevena Krasulja, Gordana Đuretić, Dejan Ilić
The paper presents the importance, basic determinants, as well as the best world practice of one of the leading insurance companies in Europe, If P&C Insurance and technology giant Google in the field of application of innovative Mindfulness concept with the aim of improving the total performances of employees. The above examples are addressed in the argument of growing importance and broader application of the innovative concept towards the development of employee potential through the development of emotional intelligence, cognitive abilities, but also through stress reduction. The main goal is to point out to the management of companies, as well as to other authors and researchers, the importance of this concept, which gives ever more positive results in the direction of improving the overall performance of employees and, consequently, the overall performance of organizations in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage.
本文介绍了欧洲领先的保险公司之一If P&C保险公司和科技巨头谷歌在应用创新正念概念以提高员工整体绩效方面的重要性、基本决定因素以及世界最佳实践。以上的例子在通过发展情商、认知能力以及通过减轻压力来开发员工潜力的创新概念的重要性和更广泛的应用中得到了解决。主要目标是向公司管理层以及其他作者和研究人员指出这一概念的重要性,这一概念在提高员工整体绩效的方向上取得了越来越积极的成果,从而提高了组织的整体绩效,以实现可持续的竞争优势。
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引用次数: 0
Nominal and real wages in the Republic of Serbia 2001-2020 2001-2020年塞尔维亚共和国名义工资和实际工资
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2203071r
J. Radović-Stojanović, Jovana Đerić, Ratko Ljubojević
The aim of this paper is to present, decompose and analyze time series of average gross and net nominal and real wages in the Republic of Serbia. The paper presents monthly time series of wages for the period from January 2001 to December 2020. Time time series of wages are seasonally adjusted using the software JDemetra +, ver. 2.1.0 and the X13-ARIMA program. Real gross and net wages were obtained by dividing the series of nominal average gross and net wages by the retail price index (until January 2009) and then by the consumer price index (since January 2009). It has been noticed that there are three periods in the movement of time series of wages. In the period before the Global Financial and Economic Crisis (2000-2008), nominal and real wages recorded a strong upward trend. In the post-crisis period, from 2009 to 2017, there was a slowdown in wage growth. In that period, nominal wages were rising, and as a consequence of inflation, real wages stagnated. In the third period, from 2018-2020, due to wage growth in the public sector and low and stable inflation rates, both nominal and real wages have been growing. The beginning of each of these three periods coincides with changes in the methodology of calculating the average wage, which affected the appearance and variability of time series of wages, and especially the seasonal component in the series.
本文的目的是提出,分解和分析塞尔维亚共和国平均毛额和净名义和实际工资的时间序列。本文展示了2001年1月至2020年12月期间的每月工资时间序列。使用JDemetra +软件对工资时间序列进行季节性调整。2.1.0和X13-ARIMA程序。实际毛工资和净工资是通过将一系列名义平均毛工资和净工资除以零售价格指数(截至2009年1月),然后除以消费者价格指数(自2009年1月以来)得到的。我们已经注意到,工资的时间序列的运动有三个时期。在全球金融和经济危机之前(2000-2008年),名义和实际工资出现了强劲的上升趋势。在后危机时期,从2009年到2017年,工资增长有所放缓。在那个时期,名义工资在上涨,而由于通货膨胀,实际工资停滞不前。在第三个时期,从2018年到2020年,由于公共部门的工资增长和低而稳定的通货膨胀率,名义和实际工资都在增长。这三个时期的每一个时期的开始都与计算平均工资方法的变化相吻合,这影响了工资时间序列的外观和可变性,特别是该序列中的季节性成分。
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引用次数: 0
Interdependence of tourism competitiveness and development of Southern European countries 南欧国家旅游竞争力的相互依存与发展
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2203001s
Tanja Stanišić, V. Radivojevic, J. Dimovski
The importance of tourism sector in modern conditions and its significant participation in the macroeconomic indicators of countries, determine it as one of the key factors of competitiveness and development of national economies. Tourism contribution of tourism to competitiveness and economic development, as well as the economic effects of tourism, may vary from country to country. The purpose of the paper is to examine the interdependence between tourism competitiveness and the economic effects of tourism, as well as between tourism competitiveness and development of the Southern European countries. The methods applied in the paper are comparative analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results of the research indicate that there is no significant positive relationship between the tourism competitiveness and economic effects of tourism in the analysed group of countries, while the relationship between tourism competitiveness and development of these countries is characterized by a high level of positive correlation. This conclusion can be useful for economic and tourism development policy makers and the creator of the policy of improving the competitiveness of tourism.
旅游部门在现代条件下的重要性及其对国家宏观经济指标的重大参与,决定了它是国家经济竞争力和发展的关键因素之一。旅游业对竞争力和经济发展的贡献,以及旅游业的经济影响,可能因国而异。本文的目的是考察旅游竞争力与旅游经济效应之间的相互依存关系,以及南欧国家旅游竞争力与发展之间的相互依存关系。本文采用的方法有比较分析、描述性统计和相关分析。研究结果表明,在被分析的国家中,旅游竞争力与旅游业经济效应之间不存在显著的正相关关系,而旅游竞争力与这些国家的发展之间存在高度的正相关关系。这一结论可以为经济和旅游发展的决策者以及提高旅游竞争力的政策制定者提供有益的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Sinergy monetary and fiscal policy in the function economic growth Republic of Serbia 货币和财政政策在塞尔维亚共和国经济增长中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ekonomika2204057c
Milica D. Cvetkovic, Z. Simonović, Vladimir Đorđević
The paper points to the interaction and mutual connection of monetary and fiscal policy and their synergetic effect on economic growth. Regardless of the fact that both policies are independent in the implementation of their goals and apply different measures and instruments, they are not at odds in shaping economic policy, on the contrary, they complement each other and jointly contribute to ensuring macroeconomic stability and economic growth. In the Republic of Serbia, the joint effect of monetary and fiscal policy measures is reflected in the provision of macroeconomic and price stability and the reduction of public debt and a stable budget, which are key prerequisites for long-term economic growth.
本文指出货币政策和财政政策的相互作用和相互联系,以及它们对经济增长的协同作用。虽然两项政策在实现目标上是独立的,在手段和手段上是不同的,但在制定经济政策上并不矛盾,相反,它们是相辅相成的,共同促进了宏观经济稳定和经济增长。在塞尔维亚共和国,货币和财政政策措施的共同效果反映在提供宏观经济和价格稳定以及减少公共债务和稳定的预算上,这些都是长期经济增长的关键先决条件。
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引用次数: 0
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Ekonomika Vilniaus Universitetas
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