Global Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Strategies to reduce hyponatraemia risk in desmopressin ODT therapy","authors":"Philippe Pinton","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity patterns and environmental influences: Findings from the Kuwait diabetes epidemiology program","authors":"Victor M. Oguoma ,&nbsp;Mark Daniel ,&nbsp;Ralf-D Schroers ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abu-Farha ,&nbsp;Faisal H. Al-Refaei ,&nbsp;Fahd Al-Mulla ,&nbsp;Neil T. Coffee ,&nbsp;Saad Alsharrah","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Insufficient physical activity (PA) is the fourth leading risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. This study assessed in Kuwait adults the spatial clustering of PA; relationships between PA, climatic factors and built environmental (BE) indicators; and ethnic group differences in PA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 2011 to 2014 targeting adults in Kuwait ≥18 years old, using the World Health Organisation (WHO) Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) to assess five domains of physical activity. 2530 participants were classified as physically active or not physically active based on accruing at least 600 MET (min/week). Objectively measured residential-area BE indicators were extracted using the street address location of study participants. Climatic variables expressed as monthly aggregates were acquired from Kuwait's climate stations. Random effects logit analysis was used to assess the relationships between PA, climatic and BE variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proportion of physically active respondents was 51.9 % (95 % CI: 49.9, 53.8 %). Insufficient PA was greater in women than men. Suburb-level PA ranged from 21.4 % to 81.9 %. Covariate-adjusted analyses of PA revealed a weak positive association between average temperature aOR = 1.03 (95 %CI: 1.00, 1.06), open space sports ground with synthetic grass (300 m) aOR = 1.28 (95 %CI: 0.88, 1.86), and weighted area road density (100 m) aOR = 1.06 (95 %CI: 0.96, 1.17). A lower odds of PA was apparent for respondents who were currently married (vs never married) aOR = 0.68 (95 %CI: 0.46, 0.99), and for women (vs men) aOR = 0.57 (95 %CI: 0.46, 0.72). A greater odds of PA was apparent for the South/Southeast Asian relative to Arab ethnic group aOR = 1.32 (95 %CI: 1.04, 1.67).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study indicates that half the population in Kuwait did not meet the WHO recommended minimum PA level of at least 600 MET (min/week). Efforts to promote PA in Kuwait should consider addressing gender and ethnic disparities, local environmental factors, and demographic influences such as marital status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in the municipal wastewaters of the Buffalo City region, Eastern Cape, South Africa","authors":"Okuhle Mayoyo ,&nbsp;Luyanda Msolo ,&nbsp;Kingsley E. Ebomah ,&nbsp;Nolonwabo Nontongana ,&nbsp;Anthony I. Okoh","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global health catastrophe of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted from the emergence and proliferation of a <em>Betacoronavirus</em>, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the unprecedented pandemic, over 6 million fatalities associated with COVID-19 have been observed on a global scale, and the world economy has taken a toll. The virus is discharged into the wastewater milieu, posing significant environmental and public health concerns. Hence, this investigation sought to explicate the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the municipal wastewater of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Raw wastewater samples were obtained from inlets of various municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in BCMM for a 46-week surveillance period. Commercial kits were utilized to extract viral Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) from 486 wastewater samples following the standard operating protocol. Subsequently, the Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to profile the pervasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 RNA over the surveillance period.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusion</h3><div>351 (72 %) possessed the nucleocapsid protein gene, signifying SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the municipal wastewater. A time series analysis revealed relatively higher SARS-CoV-2 RNA counts in autumn (2022). A moderate correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.43) was observed between the SARS-CoV-2 RNA and the estimated number of infected individuals. Nonetheless, the pervasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 in this environment is of critical public health significance, offering a valuable indicator of community-level viral spread. The present study's findings substantiate our understanding that wastewater possesses pathogens of interest, emphasize the importance of monitoring wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on explainable artificial intelligence for predicting dengue outbreaks in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Siddikur Rahman,&nbsp;Md. Abu Bokkor Shiddik","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Explainable artificial intelligence for predicting dengue outbreaks in Bangladesh using eco-climatic triggers,” presents an advance method on artificial intelligence (AI) in the integration of data science and epidemiology combining with machine learning (ML) techniques. We reflect here on XAI's vast implication in public health research. Its potential to inform climate sensitive diseases prediction in low level income settings. Dengue is one of the fastest growing public health challenge in densely populated and climate-sensitive regions like Bangladesh. We developed a novel framework on this study that combines predictive accuracy with interpretability and expandability against this fast growing health problem through XAI. It enables the actionable insights for early warning systems (EWS) and disease prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on “Explainable artificial intelligence for predicting dengue outbreaks in Bangladesh using eco-climatic triggers”","authors":"Indu Singh ,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar ,&nbsp;Nivedita Nikhil Desai ,&nbsp;Jeffrin Reneus Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-life safety assessment of orally disintegrating desmopressin tablet: Incidence of diagnosed hyponatraemia and other events across three European countries","authors":"Gunnar Johansson ,&nbsp;Jonas Reinold ,&nbsp;Nelly L. Shapero ,&nbsp;Tekla L. Rosell ,&nbsp;Leif A. Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Niklas Koenen ,&nbsp;Christian Frøsig ,&nbsp;Michael Falkenberg ,&nbsp;Lene Holdrup ,&nbsp;Kristian Juul","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This real-life analysis quantifies the incidence rate of diagnosed hyponatraemia in patients treated with a desmopressin Orally Disintegrating Tablet 25–50 μg (ODT) versus patients treated for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) across Sweden, Denmark, and Germany.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Claims data and register data from drug registries, hospital records, laboratories, and intensive care units were accessed from the three countries in this imposed Post-Authorisation Safety Study (PASS). The incidence rates of diagnosed hyponatraemia, mortality, major cardiovascular events (MACE), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure (CHF) were calculated using Poisson regression. A sensitivity analysis and subgroup analyses of older adult patients and patients with contraindications were conducted. The <span><span>clinicaltrial.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> number is <span><span>NCT04740645</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 1,099,545 patients were included in Sweden, Denmark, and Germany. Of these 6745 (0.61 %) were ODT-treated patients, and 1,092,800 (99.39 %) were LUTS-treated patients. The incidence rate of diagnosed hyponatraemia, based on ICD-10 codes, was in the range of 9.04–24.15/1000 patient-years in the ODT cohort and 1.39–4.45/1000 patient-years in the LUTS cohort. Laboratory measured clinically significant hyponatraemia had incidence rates of 139.9 and 33.0/1000 patient-years in the ODT and LUTS cohorts, respectively. The incidence rates of mortality, MACE, and VTE were comparable between groups, with variations in subgroups of patients. Due to different baseline characteristics between the countries, a planned meta-analysis could not be performed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results from this real-life study does not indicate any added safety concerns related to use of ODT, since increased rate of hyponatraemia is already in the SmPC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors related to sleep quality in the adult population of Shahroud; Comparison of adjusted distributional and multivariable logistic regression analysis","authors":"Hajar Golbabaei Pasandi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Khosravi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Emamian ,&nbsp;Seyed Abbas Mousavi ,&nbsp;Hassan Hashemi ,&nbsp;Akbar Fotouhi","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dichotomizing a continuous outcome, sleep quality score, is associated with loss of information, and bias. Here we compared the performance of dichotomizing sleep quality scores according to cut-point as outcome variable in multivariable logistic regression with using that as continuous outcome in an adjusted distributional method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, the data from the second phase of the Shahroud eye cohort study (ShECS) on 4710 adults were used. Sleep quality score using Pittsburg index was normalized using item response theory (IRT) method. Sleep quality score was used as a dichotomized variable in a logistic regression model and as a continuous variable in an adjusted distributional method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 44.9 % (95 %CI, 43.4–46.2). In the adjusted distributional model poor sleep quality was associated with female gender (OR = 2.08; 95 %CI: 1.9–2.2), old age (OR = 1.2; 95 %CI: 1.0–1.4), low economic status (OR = 1.3; 95 % CI: 1.1–1.4), Illiteracy (OR = 1.4; 95 %CI: 1.2–1.7), diabetes (OR = 1.1; 95 %CI: 1.0–1.2), hypertension (OR = 1.2; 95 %CI: 1.0–1.3) and tobacco smoking (OR = 1.2; 95 %CI: 1.1–1.4). There was no difference between the size and direction of the observed association between two competing models. The confidence interval of the ORs and the marginal differences in proportions of poor sleep quality for the diabetic and non-diabetic people using the distributional method was more precise (narrower confidence interval) than logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Using the adjusted distributional method based on linear regression instead of dichotomizing the continuous outcome in logistic regression leads to narrower and more precise CIs for ORs but size and direction of associations between two models are identical. Comparison between two models showed that statistical performance of two models is equals. In addition to increasing age, women have higher odds of poor sleep quality than men. Some other modifiable predictors such as smoking, diabetes, and hypertension can be investigated to improve sleep quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of multimorbidity among indigenous adults: Insights from a large-scale population survey of 53 different indigenous groups in East India","authors":"Kavitha A.K. ,&nbsp;Jaya Singh Kshatri ,&nbsp;Marjan van den Akker ,&nbsp;Mohammad Akhtar Hussain ,&nbsp;Haimanti Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Sanghamitra Pati","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Indigenous populations in India face a growing burden of multimorbidity, yet data on its prevalence and patterns remain scarce. This study estimated the prevalence, determinants, and co-occurrence of multimorbidity among Indigenous adults using data from the Odisha Tribal Family Health Survey (OTFHS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The analysis included 19,430 adults (≥18 years) from 9711 households across 14 districts, representing 53 Indigenous groups, including 13 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). Multimorbidity—defined as having ≥2 chronic conditions—was assessed through self-reports and laboratory results. Prevalence estimates used descriptive statistics; associated factors were identified via ordinal logistic regression, and co-occurrence patterns of chronic conditions were visualized using a matrix-based plot that displays the frequency and overlap of conditions (UpSet plot).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The weighted prevalence of multimorbidity was 21.7 % (95 % CI: 20.5 %, 22.9 %), increasing from 3.8 % in those aged 18–25 to 48.2 % in those 60 and older. Regression analysis showed that older age, male sex, and tobacco and alcohol use were significantly associated with higher odds of multimorbidity. Hypertension was the most prevalent condition, often co-occurring with kidney disease, liver disease, or back pain.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight the urgent need for age- and sex-sensitive, integrated health interventions tailored to Indigenous communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of alcohol use in Sri Lanka: Findings of the SLHAS national survey","authors":"Bilesha Perera ,&nbsp;Ravindra P. Rannan-Eliya ,&nbsp;Nilmini Wijemunige ,&nbsp;Sarath Samarage ,&nbsp;H.M.M. Herath ,&nbsp;Wasantha Jayawardene ,&nbsp;Mohammad R. Torabi","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Reliable epidemiological evidence of alcohol use in Sri Lanka is limited. This study addressed this gap using nationally representative data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from a 2018/2019 national study of non-institutionalized adults in Sri Lanka were used. Weighted data were analysed using descriptive and logistic regression techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 6473 adults (mean age 43.9 (<em>SD</em> = 16.7); 52.5 % women) surveyed, 53.1 % (95 %CI; 51.9 %, 54.3 %) of men and 2.0 % (95 % CI; 1.9 %, 2.1 %) of women were current (yearly) alcohol users. Per capita consumption of alcohol was 3.12 l for men and 0.028 l for women. Predictors of alcohol use in men included being aged 30–39 years, Sinhalese ethnicity, secondary education, currently married, and being in the middle wealth quintile and in women, being aged 30–39 years, Indian Tamil ethnicity, tertiary education, being a widow or separated, and being in the highest wealth quintile were the significant predictors of current alcohol use. Hazardous drinking (≥21 units per week) was observed only in men: 14.1 %. In men, smoking, elevated blood pressure and low self-rated health were related to higher likelihood of alcohol use. Alcohol use showed protective effects on type 2 diabetes and depression in men.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prevalence, distribution and associated factors of alcohol use vary by demographic and health characteristics of Sri Lankan adults. Preventive strategies should be based on population risk stratification of alcohol use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality rate of stroke and its determinants in Africa: An umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Addisu Getie ,&nbsp;Mihretie Gedfew ,&nbsp;Tegene Atamenta Kitaw ,&nbsp;Gizachew Yilak ,&nbsp;Melaku Bimerew","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Stroke is a significant clinical condition characterized by inadequate blood flow to the brain, resulting in cerebral function loss and potential death if not promptly treated. In developed countries, stroke incidence is decreasing due to efforts targeting risk factors like high blood pressure and smoking, though aging populations sustain high overall rates. Globally, stroke ranks among the top causes of death and disability, with Africa experiencing notably high stroke-related mortality rates. Understanding these trends and predictors is crucial for shaping effective healthcare strategies and interventions to reduce stroke mortality across the continent. Therefore, this umbrella review aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of stroke mortality and its associated predictors in Africa.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This umbrella review systematically synthesized findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on stroke mortality rates in Africa, following established methodology. Various databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and others, were searched up to June 2024 for English-language studies reporting stroke mortality prevalence and determinants. Data were extracted using standardized methods in Excel, and study quality was assessed using the AMSTAR tool. Heterogeneity was measured using Higgin's I² Statistics, and summary prevalence estimates were calculated with the Der Simonian-Laird random-effects model. Publication bias was assessed by visually inspecting funnel plots and conducting Egger's regression tests.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>In this umbrella review, data from nine systematic review and meta-analysis studies encompassed 341 primary studies with a total sample size of 170,501 stroke patients admitted to hospitals in Africa. The overall pooled prevalence of stroke mortality in Africa was 20.3 % (95 % CI: 17.3–23.2). Western Africa exhibited the highest prevalence at 27 % (95 % CI: 14.4–39.6), and hemorrhagic stroke patients had a notably higher mortality rate of 26.1 % (95 % CI: 24–28.3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals significant variations in stroke mortality across Africa, with the highest prevalence reported in Western Africa and among hemorrhagic stroke patients. Factors associated with increased stroke mortality include severe neurological impairment (Glasgow Coma Scale &lt;8), aspiration pneumonia, older age, vascular disease, female gender, lack of aspirin treatment, reduced renal function, and diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}