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SOCIAL AGEING 社会老龄化
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(2).09
Titu-Marius I. Băjenescu
The article analyzes the phenomenon of human and social aging, in an attempt to answer several questions related to social evolution. What principles should govern the relationship between the individual and society, and how far do our obligations to others extend? To what extent should the state intervene in market regulation? How does social change happen and how can the law ensure that everyone has a voice? The distinction between traditional rural communities and modern industrialized society is analyzed through the lens of Ferdinand Tönnies theory (German sociologist and philosopher, 26.07.1855 - 09.04.1936), wich points out what the distinction between traditional rural communities and modern industrialized society. The former are community that is based on the bonds of family and social groups such as the church. Small-scale communities tend to have common goals and beliefs, and interactions within them are based on trust and cooperation. Tönnies’ theory, along with his work on methodology, paved the way for 20th-century sociology.
本文分析了人类和社会老龄化现象,试图回答与社会进化有关的几个问题。个人与社会的关系应该遵循什么样的原则?我们对他人的义务应该延伸到什么程度?国家应该在多大程度上干预市场调控?社会变化是如何发生的?法律如何确保每个人都有发言权?通过费迪南德Tönnies理论(德国社会学家、哲学家,1855年7月26日- 1936年4月9日)的视角分析了传统农村社区与现代工业化社会的区别,指出了传统农村社区与现代工业化社会的区别。前者是以家庭纽带和教会等社会团体为基础的共同体。小规模社区往往有共同的目标和信念,其中的互动是基于信任和合作。Tönnies的理论和他在方法论方面的工作为20世纪的社会学铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
CONSUMPTION PREFERENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA POPULATION REGARDING WINES AND ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 摩尔多瓦共和国人口对葡萄酒和酒精饮料的消费偏好
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(2).04
A. Admin, Ecaterina Covaci
The wine market is a mature market strongly affected by favorable or unfavorable developments in the eating habits and purchasing behavior of consumers. In order to establish promotion policies and priority marketing strategies, it would be to establish the profile of the consumer from the target group for which the assortment of wine placed on the consumer market is intended. The study objectives focused on the main preference characteristics of wines and alcoholic beverages consumption, the notoriety of the wines produced by local winemakers and those imported among national consumers. As a result of the marketing study, the following were established: the consumer profile of the target group, the amount of consumption, the assortment/brands preferred by consumers, the frequency of consumption and the role of advertising/promotion of wines and alcoholic beverages in the purchase decision of the national consumer.
葡萄酒市场是一个成熟的市场,受到消费者饮食习惯和购买行为的有利或不利发展的强烈影响。为了建立促销政策和优先营销策略,这将是从目标群体中建立消费者的形象,在消费者市场上放置葡萄酒的分类是有意的。研究目标集中于葡萄酒和酒精饮料消费的主要偏好特征,本地酿酒师生产的葡萄酒和进口葡萄酒在全国消费者中的知名度。作为营销研究的结果,建立了以下内容:目标群体的消费者概况,消费金额,消费者偏好的分类/品牌,消费频率以及广告/促销葡萄酒和酒精饮料在全国消费者购买决策中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
(Concept of) Rectification of Names and Putin’s War-time Euphemisms 正名的概念与普京的战时委婉语
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.31578/jss.v8i2.144
Givi Amaglobeli
In the given paper, the notion of rectification of language in the Chinese philosophical tradition is discussed, which will be linked to the concept of political discourse in general, and specifically to the use of euphemisms in the language of politics. In addition, we will attempt to apply practical examples from the current Russian political discourse to the discussed concepts.Key words: rectification, euphemism, Confucius, Putin, discourse, war
本文讨论了中国哲学传统中的语言矫正概念,它将与一般的政治话语概念联系起来,特别是与政治语言中委婉语的使用联系起来。此外,我们将尝试将当前俄罗斯政治话语中的实际例子应用于所讨论的概念。关键词:整风,委婉语,孔子,普京,话语,战争
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引用次数: 0
International Tourism and its Impact on World Politics and World Economy 国际旅游及其对世界政治和经济的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.31578/jss.v8i2.146
Nika Chitadze
International tourism is one of the most dynamically developing forms of international trade. In the economy of a particular country, it performs a number of important functions: it is a source of foreign exchange earnings and a means of providing employment for the population; contributes to the balance of payments; contributes to the diversification of the economy, providing stimulating effects on industries serving the tourism sector; increases the attractiveness of the country as a sphere of international entrepreneurship and business cooperation; creates incentives for the inflow of foreign capital into the national economy. The main feature of international tourism is the crossing of state borders. The greater the differences between states, the greater the obstacles to the free movement of people. The simplification (tightening) of formalities has an impact on international tourist flows, providing (or, conversely, hindering) the movement of people. The complex and confusing procedure for issuing travel documents, violation of the deadlines for their consideration or arbitrary deviation, the introduction of severe restrictions on imports and currency exchanges, which determine the level of consumption of goods and services by tourists, do not contribute to the development of international tourism. From this point of view, customs declarations and inspections act as a deterrent and lead to a reduction in tourist trips. Another feature of international tourism is economic in nature and is revealed through the impact it has on the country's balance of payments. Foreign tourists, paying for goods and services, ensure the flow of currency into the budget of the host country, thereby activating its balance of payments, which is why the reception of foreign tourists is called active tourism. On the other hand, the departure of tourists abroad is associated with an outflow of currency from their country of permanent residence. International payments for tourism operations of this kind are reflected in the liability of the balance of payments of the country supplying tourists, and tourism itself is characterized as passive. The division into active and passive, based on the characteristics of the reflection of the financial results of tourism activities in the balance of payments, is inherent only in international tourism and does not apply to domestic tourism.Keywords: Tourism, World Tourism Organization, Recreation, Visitor, Statistics, World Politics, World Economy
国际旅游是发展最活跃的国际贸易形式之一。在一个特定国家的经济中,它发挥着一些重要的作用:它是外汇收入的来源和为人民提供就业的手段;促进国际收支平衡;促进经济多元化,对服务旅游业的行业产生刺激作用;增加该国作为国际创业和商业合作领域的吸引力;为外国资本流入国民经济创造了激励机制。 国际旅游的主要特点是跨越国界。国家之间的差异越大,人员自由流动的障碍就越大。手续的简化(收紧)对国际旅游流量有影响,提供(或相反地,阻碍)人员的流动。签发旅行证件的程序复杂而混乱,违反审议的最后期限或任意偏离,对进口和货币兑换实行严格限制,这些决定了游客的商品和服务消费水平,这些都无助于国际旅游业的发展。从这个角度来看,海关申报和检查起到了威慑作用,并导致旅游旅行的减少。国际旅游的另一个特点是经济性质,并通过它对国家国际收支的影响来揭示。外国游客购买商品和服务,确保货币流入东道国的预算,从而激活其国际收支,这就是为什么接待外国游客被称为积极旅游。另一方面,旅游者离开国外与他们的永久居住国的货币外流有关。这种旅游业务的国际支付反映在提供游客的国家的国际收支负债中,旅游业本身的特点是被动的。主动和被动的划分是根据旅游活动在国际收支中所反映的财务结果的特点来划分的,这种划分只适用于国际旅游,并不适用于国内旅游。关键词:旅游业,世界旅游组织,游憩,游客,统计,世界政治,世界经济
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引用次数: 0
Double-Headed Eagle Symbol, The Russian Imperial Emblem and Local Replica in The Kingdom of Georgia 双头鹰标志,俄罗斯帝国徽章和格鲁吉亚王国的地方复制品
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.31578/jss.v8i2.145
Eka Avaliani, Tamta Tskhovrebadze
The article focuses on iconic symbols of “Eagles” in the Georgian context from the early Antiquity to the Medieval and Modern periods. It explores the implication of the symbol and its functions to establish meaning in the society. The paper explains the process of interaction among meaning, style, content, and receivers, as well as provides a framework to understand how historical memory can serve as a constitutive, relational, and purposive content for collective and state identities. Acknowledging that heritage is a highly political process, susceptible to the needs of power, the research draws on a number of examples to underline that the symbols of the past portrayed in various media legitimate political symbolism in fact represent political standpoint. Keywords: eagle, memory, national identity, imperial symbols, symbols of power
本文重点研究了从上古早期到中世纪和现代时期格鲁吉亚背景下的“鹰”的标志性符号。探讨了符号的意蕴及其在社会中建立意义的功能。本文解释了意义、风格、内容和接受者之间相互作用的过程,并提供了一个框架来理解历史记忆如何作为集体和国家身份的构成性、关系性和目的性内容。承认遗产是一个高度政治化的过程,容易受到权力需求的影响,该研究利用了一些例子来强调,在各种媒体中描绘的过去的符号,合法的政治象征主义实际上代表了政治立场。关键词:鹰,记忆,民族认同,帝国符号,权力符号
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引用次数: 0
The Red-lacquered ceramics of the Late Antique-Pre-Byzantine period Discovered in the Gonio-Apsaros area in 2018-2022 2018-2022年在Gonio-Apsaros地区发现的古代晚期-前拜占庭时期的红漆陶瓷
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.31578/jss.v8i2.148
Tamaz Darchidze
The article explores red-lacquered ceramics discovered in Gonio-Apsaros in recent years. The southwestern Georgia has yielded many diverse red-lacquered ceramics from the ancient and late antique periods, less from the early Byzantine era. However, recently more have been discovered, forming an intriguing category within the kitchenware. Being imported goods, they provide insights into the region's interactions with the world.The fragments of bowls (Late Roman C) including mouth, body, base, mouth-wall, fit into three distinct forms (10A, 10C, 3G/F) identified by Hayes. They are defined by orange, fine-grained ware, flared body and a mouth of varying cross-sections, separated by a delicate groove, traces of reddish varnish on the inside. A bowl fragment bears a cross-shaped mark with rings and can be associated with the types 67 and 68 of Hayes (LRC), with thickened, upturned mouths of polygonal or quadrangular cross-sections, light reddish-brown and fine-grained ware with occasional admixtures, somtimes remnants of pinkish-reddish varnish. 2019Due to the Byzantine Empire's expansion eastward, parts of Lazica became influenced by Byzantine economy, culture, politics. Apsaros fell within the Byzantine borders from the late 5th century. The growing discovery of materials near the Roman castle highlights the newfound significance of Apsaros increasing interest in it.keywords: Late Antiquity-Early-Byzantine period, South-west Georgia, Ceramics, Red-lacquered ceramics
本文对近年来在戈尼奥-阿普萨罗斯发现的红漆陶瓷进行了探讨。乔治亚州西南部出产了许多古代和晚期的红漆陶瓷,早期拜占庭时代的红漆陶瓷较少。然而,最近发现了更多,在厨具中形成了一个有趣的类别。作为进口商品,它们提供了对该地区与世界互动的洞察。碗的碎片(罗马晚期C)包括嘴,身体,底座,口壁,适合三种不同的形式(10A, 10C, 3G/F),由海斯确定。它们由橙色、细纹理的器皿、喇叭形的身体和不同截面的口来定义,由精致的凹槽分开,内部有红色清漆的痕迹。一个碗碎片带有一个带环的十字形标记,可以与海斯(LRC)的67型和68型相关联,具有多边形或四边形横截面的加厚,上翻的口,浅红褐色和细粒度的器皿,偶尔有添加剂,有时残余的粉红色-红色清漆。2019 .由于拜占庭帝国的东扩,拉济察部分地区受到拜占庭经济、文化、政治的影响。从5世纪晚期开始,阿普萨罗斯就落入了拜占庭的版图。在罗马城堡附近发现的越来越多的材料凸显了Apsaros的新意义,人们对它越来越感兴趣。关键词:古晚期-拜占庭早期,乔治亚西南部,陶瓷,红漆陶瓷
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引用次数: 0
New Archaeological Discoveries in Eastern Colchis 东科尔基斯的新考古发现
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.31578/jss.v8i2.147
Zurab Bragvadze
In 1875, the correspondence of the great Georgian writer and public figure Akaki Tsereteli's brother, Davit Tsereteli, was printed in “Droeba” under the pseudonym "Skhvitoreli", in which he informed the readers that during the excavation of the foundation of the house on the southern slope of the Todadze Fortress, a certain Zabakhidze found a tomb in which gold items were found and they he sold to local Armenians and Jews. Davit Tsereteli also names musical instruments, which were found in the same tomb and notes that they were very similar to " military orchestra plates". Exactly two such pairs of bronze plates were discoviered at Modinakhe in the 1970s during the archaeological excavations led by J. Nadiradze. It was these accidental discoveries that became the prerequisite for conducting archaeological excavations in these places in 2022.Keywords: Colchis. Archaeology. Imereti. Todadze Fortress
1875年,伟大的格鲁吉亚作家和公众人物Akaki Tsereteli的兄弟Davit Tsereteli的信件以“Skhvitoreli”的笔名在“Droeba”上印刷,他在信中告诉读者,在挖掘Todadze要塞南坡的房屋地基时,一个Zabakhidze发现了一个坟墓,里面发现了黄金物品,他把它们卖给了当地的亚美尼亚人和犹太人。Davit Tsereteli还命名了在同一座坟墓中发现的乐器,并指出它们与“军事管弦乐队板”非常相似。20世纪70年代,在J. Nadiradze领导的考古发掘中,在Modinakhe发现了两对这样的铜板。正是这些偶然的发现,成为2022年在这些地方进行考古发掘的先决条件。关键词:可吉斯。考古学。Imereti。Todadze堡垒
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引用次数: 0
Quality management and its impact on entrepreneurial activitys 质量管理及其对企业活动的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.06(1).02
I. Turcan, Rina Turcan
Quality plays a key role in entrepreneurial activity. To become a successful entrepreneur, quality must be put at the forefront of the company's strategic objectives. Quality management can influence different domains of entrepreneurship by improving product quality, customer satisfaction, operational efficiency, and overall financial performance. Product quality is crucial to a company's reputation and success. It is achieved by understanding the market, providing excellent customer service, knowing the customer base, focusing on design, and establishing a quality management system. Measuring product quality can be done by using data regarding defects, and product quality inspections can ensure that products meet pre-specified standards. Finally, every great product possesses some common qualities that contribute to solving our problems and contributing to our daily lives. Quality management can help companies identify and reduce unnecessary costs by eliminating defects and other problems. By implementing quality control measures and continuously improving quality, businesses can achieve increased competitiveness, customer satisfaction and growth, while also contributing to the wider community and environment.
质量在创业活动中起着关键作用。要成为一名成功的企业家,质量必须放在公司战略目标的首位。质量管理可以通过提高产品质量、客户满意度、运营效率和整体财务绩效来影响企业家精神的不同领域。产品质量对一个公司的声誉和成功至关重要。它是通过了解市场,提供优质的客户服务,了解客户群,注重设计,建立质量管理体系来实现的。测量产品质量可以通过使用有关缺陷的数据来完成,产品质量检查可以确保产品符合预先规定的标准。最后,每一个伟大的产品都有一些共同的品质,有助于解决我们的问题,为我们的日常生活做出贡献。质量管理可以通过消除缺陷和其他问题来帮助公司识别和减少不必要的成本。通过实施质量控制措施和不断提高质量,企业可以提高竞争力,提高客户满意度和增长,同时也为更广泛的社区和环境做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Legal implications for incomplete criminal sanctions norms in lieu of fines for corporations in spatial planning crimes in Indonesi 以不完整的刑事制裁规范代替对印度尼西亚空间规划犯罪企业罚款的法律影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.06(1).11
Denny zul Syafardan, S. Sudarsono, B. Sugiri, I. Koeswahyono
Spatial planning corporate criminal sanctions are criminal sanctions imposed on corporations as stipulated in Article 74 of Law Number 26 of 2007. The criminal sanction can be applied in controlling the planning of the territory so that there is order and the space is protected from violations of the use of the space. However, when looking at the data on zoning violations, this hope is still illusory where existing law has failed to deal with corporate violations. In addition, criminal liability has not reached the beneficiaries of the proceeds of corporate crimes so that the legal objectives are not achieved. The aim of this study is to find out what the legal implications of incomplete criminal sanctions instead of fines are for corporations in land-use offences. This research is a normative legal study with multiple approaches, including statutory approaches, case approaches, historical approaches, comparative approaches, and conceptual approaches. Legal material analysis techniques are performed in perspective. The results of the study show that the legal implication of incomplete criminal penalties instead of fines for corporations in land-use offenses is expressed only by Article 74 para. (1) to the Territorial Planning Law (UUPR) 26/2007 - Criminal sanctions for corporations. This cannot simply be operationalized because there is no regulation on the mode of committing crimes (straf modus), there are multiple interpretations that cause confusion. They lead to the non-fulfillment of the legal objectives in the article a quo.
空间规划公司刑事制裁是2007年第26号法律第74条规定的对公司实施的刑事制裁。刑事制裁可用于控制领土的规划,以便维持秩序,并保护空间免受违反使用空间的行为。然而,当查看分区违规的数据时,这种希望仍然是虚幻的,因为现有法律未能处理企业违规行为。此外,公司犯罪收益的受益人没有承担刑事责任,使法律目标无法实现。本研究的目的是找出不完全刑事制裁而不是罚款对土地使用违法企业的法律影响。本研究是一项规范性的法律研究,采用了多种方法,包括成文法方法、案例方法、历史方法、比较方法和概念方法。法律材料分析技术进行透视。研究结果表明,在土地使用违法行为中,不完全的刑事处罚而不是罚款的法律含义仅在第74条第1款中表达。(1)修订全港规划法第26/2007号-法团的刑事制裁。这不能简单地操作,因为没有对犯罪方式(straf mode)的规定,有多种解释,造成混淆。它们导致无法实现第a条的法律目标。
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引用次数: 0
The power of eLearning from promises to practices applied in engineering 电子学习从承诺到工程实践的力量
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.06(1).07
Ludmila Peca
Significant strides are being made in the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by infusing ICT as a tool for learning and education. Expansive and visionary programs are initiated meant to transform university education. The latter have jointly contributed to the considerable progress of the renewed curricula development and implementation, including the hybrid learning model for a number of key courses such as mathematics, science, computer networks, programming and ICT. Sectoral digitalization is implemented due to the digitalization strategies and initiatives. Computer and science labs support e-learning and of course the training and retraining of the teaching staff for new curricula (study-programmes), new pedagogical methodologies and assessment strategies. In general terms, the study-programmes have been renewed/redesigned to become more relevant fulfilling students’ needs, while the specific outcomes are based less on knowledge and content and more on learning skills and competences, i.e. real-world applicable tasks/activities. The paper describes the study case of the presentation format for the Computer Networks course, which can be found in the study plan/syllabus of several study-programmes at the Faculty of Computers, Informatics and Microelectronics (FCIM) and the Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications (FET) of the Technical University of Moldova (TUM).
通过将信息通信技术作为学习和教育的工具,信息通信技术的发展正在取得重大进展。广泛和有远见的计划旨在改变大学教育。后者共同促进了更新的课程发展和执行方面的重大进展,包括数学、科学、计算机网络、程序设计和信通技术等若干关键课程的混合学习模式。由于数字化战略和举措,部门数字化得以实施。计算机和科学实验室支持电子学习,当然也支持对教学人员进行培训和再培训,以适应新的课程(研究项目)、新的教学方法和评估策略。一般而言,课程已更新/重新设计,以更切合学生的需要,而具体成果则较少以知识和内容为基础,而更多地以学习技能和能力为基础,即实际应用的任务/活动。本文描述了计算机网络课程演示格式的研究案例,该课程可以在摩尔多瓦技术大学(TUM)计算机、信息学和微电子学院(FCIM)和电子和电信学院(FET)的几个研究项目的学习计划/教学大纲中找到。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Social Sciences
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