Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.013
Jianxing Wu, Y. Niu, Yongxian Zhang, Lili Zhang
Objective To explore the effects of tube voltage on the image quality and radiation dose of paranasal sinus CT on a 16 cm wide-detector CT. Methods The sinus area of head specimen was scanned with sequential scanning mode and tube voltages of 70, 80, 100, 120 and 140 kV, respectively. The parameters were set as follows: NI=9, automatic tube current modulation, Smart mA with the maximum range at the corresponding tube voltage, 120 mm detector width. The images were reconstructed with bone and soft tissue algorithms separately.The slice thickness was 0.625 mm for all reconstructed images. The axial, coronal and sagittal images were reformatted as 2 mm thickness with clinical baseline. The CT value and standard deviation (SD) were measured in the region of interest(ROI) of central axial image and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated. The volume CT dose index(CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) were recorded, and the figure of merit (FOM) of images was computed. The images obtained in the study were subjectively evaluated by two experienced radiologists and one technician using a five-point scoring system. Results The subjective evaluation of images obtained in the study met the diagnostic requirements. With the reconstruction of bone algorithm, the CNR at the tube voltages of 100 and 80 kV were 66.98 and 64.75, respectively, which was significantly higher than those at the tube voltages of 70, 120 and 140 kV (51.61, 61.56 and 57.76, respectively). The maximum and minimum CTDIvol were 34.11 mGy at 140 kV and 17.45 mGy at 70 kV. The FOM value was 152.26 at 100 kV. With the reconstruction of soft tissue algorithm, the maximum CNR was 195.62 at 80 kV, which was markedly greater than those at 70, 100, 120 kV and 140 kV (139.46, 154.49, 148.06 and 155.58 respectively). The maximum FOM value was 1273.56 at 80 kV, which was significantly higher than those at the tube voltages of 70, 100, 120 kV and 140 kV (1114.56, 809.98, 735.63 and 709.62, respectively). Conclusions For the sinus CT of head specimen, the scan protocols with 100 kV combined with bone reconstruction algorithm and 80 kV combined with soft tissue reconstruction algorithm can provide relatively lower radiation dose and good image quality. Key words: CT; Paranasal sinus; Tube voltage; Radiation dose
{"title":"Eeffects of tube voltage on image quality and radiation dose of paranasal sinus CT examination","authors":"Jianxing Wu, Y. Niu, Yongxian Zhang, Lili Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the effects of tube voltage on the image quality and radiation dose of paranasal sinus CT on a 16 cm wide-detector CT. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The sinus area of head specimen was scanned with sequential scanning mode and tube voltages of 70, 80, 100, 120 and 140 kV, respectively. The parameters were set as follows: NI=9, automatic tube current modulation, Smart mA with the maximum range at the corresponding tube voltage, 120 mm detector width. The images were reconstructed with bone and soft tissue algorithms separately.The slice thickness was 0.625 mm for all reconstructed images. The axial, coronal and sagittal images were reformatted as 2 mm thickness with clinical baseline. The CT value and standard deviation (SD) were measured in the region of interest(ROI) of central axial image and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated. The volume CT dose index(CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) were recorded, and the figure of merit (FOM) of images was computed. The images obtained in the study were subjectively evaluated by two experienced radiologists and one technician using a five-point scoring system. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The subjective evaluation of images obtained in the study met the diagnostic requirements. With the reconstruction of bone algorithm, the CNR at the tube voltages of 100 and 80 kV were 66.98 and 64.75, respectively, which was significantly higher than those at the tube voltages of 70, 120 and 140 kV (51.61, 61.56 and 57.76, respectively). The maximum and minimum CTDIvol were 34.11 mGy at 140 kV and 17.45 mGy at 70 kV. The FOM value was 152.26 at 100 kV. With the reconstruction of soft tissue algorithm, the maximum CNR was 195.62 at 80 kV, which was markedly greater than those at 70, 100, 120 kV and 140 kV (139.46, 154.49, 148.06 and 155.58 respectively). The maximum FOM value was 1273.56 at 80 kV, which was significantly higher than those at the tube voltages of 70, 100, 120 kV and 140 kV (1114.56, 809.98, 735.63 and 709.62, respectively). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000For the sinus CT of head specimen, the scan protocols with 100 kV combined with bone reconstruction algorithm and 80 kV combined with soft tissue reconstruction algorithm can provide relatively lower radiation dose and good image quality. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000CT; Paranasal sinus; Tube voltage; Radiation dose","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"403 ","pages":"233-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72423477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.003
Junjie Wang
The development of tumor brachytherapy and ablation therapy leads to the concept of stereotactic ablation brachytherapy(SABT). It is categorized into H-SABT (high dose rate brachytherapy) and L-SABT (low dose rate brachy therapy). L-SABT is clinically used as radioactive seed implantation therapy. SABT is characterized with the following: hypofraction and short course of treatment, Image-guidance and precision ablation, exact curative effect and preserved organic functions. SABT has gradually become a new disciplinary system and will play an important role in cancer treatments. Key words: Stereotactic; Brachytherapy; Ablation; Interstitial permanent implantation
{"title":"The concept of stereotactic ablation brachytherapy and practice","authors":"Junjie Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"The development of tumor brachytherapy and ablation therapy leads to the concept of stereotactic ablation brachytherapy(SABT). It is categorized into H-SABT (high dose rate brachytherapy) and L-SABT (low dose rate brachy therapy). L-SABT is clinically used as radioactive seed implantation therapy. SABT is characterized with the following: hypofraction and short course of treatment, Image-guidance and precision ablation, exact curative effect and preserved organic functions. SABT has gradually become a new disciplinary system and will play an important role in cancer treatments. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Stereotactic; Brachytherapy; Ablation; Interstitial permanent implantation","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"18 1","pages":"173-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90232927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To study the level of doses which children and adults received from CT examinations in Henan province, and to explore the influencing factors, so as to provide basic data for the development of diagnostic reference (guidance) level for CT examination in China and related regions. Methods A total of 1 113 subjects, which have received examinations by 31 CT scanners separately in 7 cities of the province, were selected using stratified quota sampling method to carry out the dose survey, including basic information on subjects, equipment, scanning parameters, and dosimetry, etc. Typical effective dose was estimated by using dose conversion coefficient. Results In the conventional CT scanning of head. The 75% of CTDIw for children aged 0-1, >1-5, >5-10 and >10-15 years were 32.2, 37.2, 43.0 and 46.7 mGy; 75% of DLP were 478.0, 572.0, 715.6 and 743.9 mGy·cm and effective doses were 5.26, 3.83, 2.86 and 2.38 mSv, respectively. In the routine chest scanning, 75% of CTDIw for children aged 0-1, >1-5, >5-10 and >10-15 years were all 9.3 mGy. The 75% of DLP were 141.7, 178.8, 224.0 and 238.7 mGy·cm; and effective doses were 5.53, 4.64 4.03 and 3.10 mSv, respectively. 75% of CTDIw for head, chest and abdomen of the adult subjects from CT examinations were 57.4, 16.2 and 19.4 mGy, respectively. The 75% of DLP were 818.3, 504.7 and 571.1 mGy·cm, respectively, and effective doses were 1.72, 7.07 and 8.57 mSv, respectively. Conclusions As the update of CT equipment, increasing progress in examination technology and rapid increase in CT application frequency, medical institutions should choose the scanning parameters with respect to various types of CT scanner to optimize the image quality and the radiation doses. The diagnostic reference level for CT examination should be improved, especially for children. Key words: CT; CT dose index; Dose length product; Effective dose; Diagnostic reference level
{"title":"Investigation and analysis of CT doses to examined individuals in Henan province","authors":"Yanfang Zhao, Caifang Chu, Qinfu Zhang, Xiaojun Cheng, Yongxing Li, Xiaofang Luo, Bingchen Dong","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To study the level of doses which children and adults received from CT examinations in Henan province, and to explore the influencing factors, so as to provide basic data for the development of diagnostic reference (guidance) level for CT examination in China and related regions. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 1 113 subjects, which have received examinations by 31 CT scanners separately in 7 cities of the province, were selected using stratified quota sampling method to carry out the dose survey, including basic information on subjects, equipment, scanning parameters, and dosimetry, etc. Typical effective dose was estimated by using dose conversion coefficient. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000In the conventional CT scanning of head. The 75% of CTDIw for children aged 0-1, >1-5, >5-10 and >10-15 years were 32.2, 37.2, 43.0 and 46.7 mGy; 75% of DLP were 478.0, 572.0, 715.6 and 743.9 mGy·cm and effective doses were 5.26, 3.83, 2.86 and 2.38 mSv, respectively. In the routine chest scanning, 75% of CTDIw for children aged 0-1, >1-5, >5-10 and >10-15 years were all 9.3 mGy. The 75% of DLP were 141.7, 178.8, 224.0 and 238.7 mGy·cm; and effective doses were 5.53, 4.64 4.03 and 3.10 mSv, respectively. 75% of CTDIw for head, chest and abdomen of the adult subjects from CT examinations were 57.4, 16.2 and 19.4 mGy, respectively. The 75% of DLP were 818.3, 504.7 and 571.1 mGy·cm, respectively, and effective doses were 1.72, 7.07 and 8.57 mSv, respectively. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000As the update of CT equipment, increasing progress in examination technology and rapid increase in CT application frequency, medical institutions should choose the scanning parameters with respect to various types of CT scanner to optimize the image quality and the radiation doses. The diagnostic reference level for CT examination should be improved, especially for children. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000CT; CT dose index; Dose length product; Effective dose; Diagnostic reference level","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"12 1","pages":"227-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86028266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.009
Yixiao Du, H. Yue, Meijiao Wang, Shun Zhou, Songmao Yu
Objective To develop a new method to set up patients using optical surface monitoring system and to compare it with the conventional method in head radiotherapy. Methods A total of 358 set-ups (130 with the conventional method and 228 with the new method ), which were from 99 head tumor patients in Beijing Cancer Hospital treated between May 2018 to April 2019, obtained by using Image Guided Radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The distributions of set-up errors, the number of abnormal positions, and the set-up time were compared to evaluate the potential advantages of the new method . Results The mean (± standard deviation) absolute values of setup errors of the new method were (0.07±0.07) , (0.08±0.06) and (0.06±0.06) cm for the vertical, lateral, and longitudinal, (0.53±0.41)°, (0.59±0.44)° and (0.59±0.46)° for the rotation, pitch and roll, respectively. In the new method , the setup accuracy was improved(t=3.24-6.10, P 0.05). Conclusions The new high-precision method to set up patients using optical surface monitoring system improves the accuracy of patients′ position, decreases the corrections applied by 6DoF couch, reduces the probability of abnormal positions, and suggests the potential benefit in head radiotherapy. Key words: Set-up errors; Image guided radiotherapy; Six degrees of freedom (6DoF) couch; Optical surface monitoring technology
目的建立一种利用光学表面监测系统设置患者的新方法，并将其与传统的头部放疗方法进行比较。方法回顾性分析2018年5月至2019年4月北京肿瘤医院影像引导放疗治疗的99例头部肿瘤患者的358例(常规方法130例，新方法228例)。比较了设置误差分布、异常位置数和设置时间，评价了新方法的潜在优势。结果新方法的设置误差均值(±标准差)绝对值分别为(0.07±0.07)、(0.08±0.06)、(0.06±0.06)cm、(0.53±0.41)°、(0.59±0.44)°、(0.59±0.46)°，分别为纵向、横向和纵向设置误差均值(±标准差)为(0.07±0.07)、(0.08±0.06)cm。新方法提高了设置精度(t=3.24 ~ 6.10, P 0.05)。结论利用光学体表监测系统对患者进行高精度立位，提高了患者的体位精度，减少了6DoF躺椅的校正，降低了体位异常的概率，在头部放疗中具有潜在的应用价值。关键词:设置误差;影像引导放疗;六自由度(6DoF)沙发;光学表面监测技术
{"title":"Application of a new method for patient positioning based on optical surface monitoring technology to head radiotherapy","authors":"Yixiao Du, H. Yue, Meijiao Wang, Shun Zhou, Songmao Yu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To develop a new method to set up patients using optical surface monitoring system and to compare it with the conventional method in head radiotherapy. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 358 set-ups (130 with the conventional method and 228 with the new method ), which were from 99 head tumor patients in Beijing Cancer Hospital treated between May 2018 to April 2019, obtained by using Image Guided Radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The distributions of set-up errors, the number of abnormal positions, and the set-up time were compared to evaluate the potential advantages of the new method . \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The mean (± standard deviation) absolute values of setup errors of the new method were (0.07±0.07) , (0.08±0.06) and (0.06±0.06) cm for the vertical, lateral, and longitudinal, (0.53±0.41)°, (0.59±0.44)° and (0.59±0.46)° for the rotation, pitch and roll, respectively. In the new method , the setup accuracy was improved(t=3.24-6.10, P 0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The new high-precision method to set up patients using optical surface monitoring system improves the accuracy of patients′ position, decreases the corrections applied by 6DoF couch, reduces the probability of abnormal positions, and suggests the potential benefit in head radiotherapy. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Set-up errors; Image guided radiotherapy; Six degrees of freedom (6DoF) couch; Optical surface monitoring technology","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"70 1","pages":"209-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83491901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.004
Yang Bai, Junling Zhang, Dan Yao, Jianghong Zhang
Objective To investigate the protective effect of cimetidine on mice with fractionated X-ray irradiation through right thorax. Methods Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, irradiation group and irradiation + cimetidine group (100 mg/kg), 10 mice in each group. Mice right thorax was locally irradiated with X-rays at a dose rate of 0.883 Gy/min to a cumulative dose of 24 Gy, 8 Gy per day in 3 d. After irradiation, the irradiation + cimetidine group was given cimetidine (100 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 7 d consecutively, and Ctrl and IR groups were given saline. Seven days after irradiation, the mice weight, spleen index and its T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and NK cells were measured. Spleen tissue was stained with HE for pathological observation. Results The fractionated irradiation lightly suppressed mice growth but obviously induced abscopal damage on spleen so that the spleen index were decreased. The irradiation group (0.369±0.011) had statistically significant difference compared with the control group(0.396±0.022)(t=2.978, P<0.05), the spleen pathological structure became disorder, and the percentages of CD3+ , CD4+ , CD3+ CD4+ , CD3+ CD8+ lymphocytes in spleen were decreased significantly(t=5.754, 3.570, 4.442, 5.281, 4.570, P<0.05). Cimetidine could partially restore the weight of irradiated mice, relieved spleen structure damage and effectively restored lymphocyte subsets, and partly recovered the levels of CD3+ , CD3+ CD4+ , CD3+ CD8+ lymphocytes in the spleen (t=3.523, 2.706, 2.520, P<0.05). Conclusions Cimetidine, as a potential radiation protection drug, could effectively reduce the mouse spleen injury induced by X-ray fractionated irradiation by improving mouse immune function. Key words: Radiotherapy; Abscopal effect; Cimetidine; Spleen lymphocytes
{"title":"Therapy effect of cimetidine on spleen of mice irradiated with thoracic fractionated irradiation","authors":"Yang Bai, Junling Zhang, Dan Yao, Jianghong Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the protective effect of cimetidine on mice with fractionated X-ray irradiation through right thorax. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, irradiation group and irradiation + cimetidine group (100 mg/kg), 10 mice in each group. Mice right thorax was locally irradiated with X-rays at a dose rate of 0.883 Gy/min to a cumulative dose of 24 Gy, 8 Gy per day in 3 d. After irradiation, the irradiation + cimetidine group was given cimetidine (100 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 7 d consecutively, and Ctrl and IR groups were given saline. Seven days after irradiation, the mice weight, spleen index and its T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and NK cells were measured. Spleen tissue was stained with HE for pathological observation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The fractionated irradiation lightly suppressed mice growth but obviously induced abscopal damage on spleen so that the spleen index were decreased. The irradiation group (0.369±0.011) had statistically significant difference compared with the control group(0.396±0.022)(t=2.978, P<0.05), the spleen pathological structure became disorder, and the percentages of CD3+ , CD4+ , CD3+ CD4+ , CD3+ CD8+ lymphocytes in spleen were decreased significantly(t=5.754, 3.570, 4.442, 5.281, 4.570, P<0.05). Cimetidine could partially restore the weight of irradiated mice, relieved spleen structure damage and effectively restored lymphocyte subsets, and partly recovered the levels of CD3+ , CD3+ CD4+ , CD3+ CD8+ lymphocytes in the spleen (t=3.523, 2.706, 2.520, P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Cimetidine, as a potential radiation protection drug, could effectively reduce the mouse spleen injury induced by X-ray fractionated irradiation by improving mouse immune function. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Radiotherapy; Abscopal effect; Cimetidine; Spleen lymphocytes","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"15 1","pages":"178-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75105868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.005
陆雪, Xue Lu, 赵骅, Zhao Hua, 王进, Wang Jin, 李爽, Liang Shuang, 田雪蕾, Tian Xuelei, 王福如, Wang Furu, 田梅, Tian Mei, 余宁乐, Yu Ningle, 刘青杰, Liu Qingjie
Objective To screen the indicators of retrospective dose estimation, based on 5 cytogenetic methods to assess the victim followed-up at 4 year after 192Ir radiation accident in Nanjing. Methods The chromosome aberration (dic + r) assay, cytokinesis block micronucleus (MN) and nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB) assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-based and G banding-based translocation analysis were used to retrospective biological dose estimation. Results The estimated doses of FISH-based and G banding -based analysis were 1.45 and 1.21 Gy respectively, which was similar to the biological dose estimated short time after the accident. However, the estimated doses by chromosome aberration, micronucleus and nucleoplasmic bridge method were 0.56, 0.45 and 0.41 Gy respectively, which were lower than the corresponding biodose. Correction factors were used to adjust the biodose. Conclusions In the 4th years after exposure, the estimated biological doses by FISH-based and G banding-based translocation were consistent with the biodose.Therefore, the two methods were suitable for retrospective dose estimation, while correction factors should be considered in chromosome aberration method for retrospective dose estimation. Key words: Chromosome aberration; Fluorescence in situ hybrdization; G banding; Biological dose estimation; Correction coefficient
{"title":"南京 192 Ir放射事故患者照后第4年细胞遗传学随访","authors":"陆雪, Xue Lu, 赵骅, Zhao Hua, 王进, Wang Jin, 李爽, Liang Shuang, 田雪蕾, Tian Xuelei, 王福如, Wang Furu, 田梅, Tian Mei, 余宁乐, Yu Ningle, 刘青杰, Liu Qingjie","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To screen the indicators of retrospective dose estimation, based on 5 cytogenetic methods to assess the victim followed-up at 4 year after 192Ir radiation accident in Nanjing. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The chromosome aberration (dic + r) assay, cytokinesis block micronucleus (MN) and nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB) assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-based and G banding-based translocation analysis were used to retrospective biological dose estimation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The estimated doses of FISH-based and G banding -based analysis were 1.45 and 1.21 Gy respectively, which was similar to the biological dose estimated short time after the accident. However, the estimated doses by chromosome aberration, micronucleus and nucleoplasmic bridge method were 0.56, 0.45 and 0.41 Gy respectively, which were lower than the corresponding biodose. Correction factors were used to adjust the biodose. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000In the 4th years after exposure, the estimated biological doses by FISH-based and G banding-based translocation were consistent with the biodose.Therefore, the two methods were suitable for retrospective dose estimation, while correction factors should be considered in chromosome aberration method for retrospective dose estimation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Chromosome aberration; Fluorescence in situ hybrdization; G banding; Biological dose estimation; Correction coefficient","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"140 1","pages":"183-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86146439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.016
Yingchu Dai, Jiade J. Lu, Guangming Zhou
Due to its unique physical and biological advantages, heavy ion beam has great advantages as tumor radiotherapy ray. Tumor therapy with heavy particles has achieved outstanding clinical outcome and is of the potential to become the most advanced radiotherapy in this century. Fundamental studies on the biological effects are of significance in providing theoretical principle and optimizing beam quality for tumor therapy with heavy particles. Meanwhile, the application of new techniques such as FLASH and GRID in tumor therapy with heavy particles requires fundamental biological studies as well, especially in improving clinical efficacy and security. In this article, we review the progress on the fundamental biological studies for tumor therapy with heavy particles and arouse discussion on the issues necessary for further elucidation. Key words: Heavy ion; Tumor radiotherapy; Relative biological effectiveness; Oxygen enhancement ratio
{"title":"Progress on the fundamental biological studies for tumor therapy with heavy particles","authors":"Yingchu Dai, Jiade J. Lu, Guangming Zhou","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its unique physical and biological advantages, heavy ion beam has great advantages as tumor radiotherapy ray. Tumor therapy with heavy particles has achieved outstanding clinical outcome and is of the potential to become the most advanced radiotherapy in this century. Fundamental studies on the biological effects are of significance in providing theoretical principle and optimizing beam quality for tumor therapy with heavy particles. Meanwhile, the application of new techniques such as FLASH and GRID in tumor therapy with heavy particles requires fundamental biological studies as well, especially in improving clinical efficacy and security. In this article, we review the progress on the fundamental biological studies for tumor therapy with heavy particles and arouse discussion on the issues necessary for further elucidation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Heavy ion; Tumor radiotherapy; Relative biological effectiveness; Oxygen enhancement ratio","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"132 1","pages":"247-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79659009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.0009
Liang Li, Li Wang, Feifei Zeng, Fang Liu, Zhoufeng Peng, Baojun Xie, Changsheng Liu, Y. Zha
Objective To explore the value of low-dose CT in pregnancy with corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and chest CT findings of 12 patients with pregnancy and COVID-19 diagnosed by nucleic acid testing from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20, 2020 to February 16, 2020. Two radiologists blinded to the reconstruction algorithm independently scored subjective image quality on a 5-point Likert scale (grade 1, major noise, heavy artifacts, almost not visible, no diagnosis possible; grade 2, above average noise, poor, substantial, diagnostic confidence substantially reduced; grade 3, average image noise, moderate, but sufficient for diagnosis; grade 4, less than average noise, good, below average; grade 5, minimal noise, excellent). A clinical diagnosis of ≥3 was acceptable. The doctors recorded the CT radiation dose, including CT volume dose index (CTDIvol), dose length product (DLP), and effective radiation dose (E). Then two radiologists observed the distribution, shape, density, and other characteristics of lung lesions, and decided whether hilar, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and pleural changes. Results Of the 12 pregnancy with COVID-19, 8 had cough, 4 had fever, 2 had chest tightness, and 1 had dyspnea and diarrhea each. The CT image quality score of all patients was (3-4), with an average of 3.46, which fully met the clinical diagnosis requirements. The CTDIvol value was (1.13 - 4.31) mGy, with an average of 3.02 mGy. The DLP value was (34.48 -75.29) mGy • cm, with an average of 55.48 mGy • cm. The E value was (0.48 - 1.05) mSv, with an average of 0.78 mSv. In all cases, chest CT examination showed abnormal manifestations after clinical symptoms, including unilateral lung lesions in 5 cases and bilateral lung lesions in 7 cases. 1 case of ground-glass opacity, 1 case of solidification, 7 cases of ground-glass and consolidation, 1 case of strip opacity, ground-glass, consolidation and strip cable shadow coexisted in 2 cases. Conclusions The application of low-dose CT scan in pregnancy with COVID-19 is completely feasible. CT mainly manifested as bilateral lung patchy, flaky ground-glass opacity with consolidation. Active and effective treatment can completely recover, prognosis better. Key words: Radiation dose; Pregnancy; Novel coronavirus infection; Pneumonia; Tomography, X-ray computed
{"title":"The application value of low-dose CT scan in pregnant women with corona virus disease 2019","authors":"Liang Li, Li Wang, Feifei Zeng, Fang Liu, Zhoufeng Peng, Baojun Xie, Changsheng Liu, Y. Zha","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the value of low-dose CT in pregnancy with corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and chest CT findings of 12 patients with pregnancy and COVID-19 diagnosed by nucleic acid testing from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20, 2020 to February 16, 2020. Two radiologists blinded to the reconstruction algorithm independently scored subjective image quality on a 5-point Likert scale (grade 1, major noise, heavy artifacts, almost not visible, no diagnosis possible; grade 2, above average noise, poor, substantial, diagnostic confidence substantially reduced; grade 3, average image noise, moderate, but sufficient for diagnosis; grade 4, less than average noise, good, below average; grade 5, minimal noise, excellent). A clinical diagnosis of ≥3 was acceptable. The doctors recorded the CT radiation dose, including CT volume dose index (CTDIvol), dose length product (DLP), and effective radiation dose (E). Then two radiologists observed the distribution, shape, density, and other characteristics of lung lesions, and decided whether hilar, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and pleural changes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Of the 12 pregnancy with COVID-19, 8 had cough, 4 had fever, 2 had chest tightness, and 1 had dyspnea and diarrhea each. The CT image quality score of all patients was (3-4), with an average of 3.46, which fully met the clinical diagnosis requirements. The CTDIvol value was (1.13 - 4.31) mGy, with an average of 3.02 mGy. The DLP value was (34.48 -75.29) mGy • cm, with an average of 55.48 mGy • cm. The E value was (0.48 - 1.05) mSv, with an average of 0.78 mSv. In all cases, chest CT examination showed abnormal manifestations after clinical symptoms, including unilateral lung lesions in 5 cases and bilateral lung lesions in 7 cases. 1 case of ground-glass opacity, 1 case of solidification, 7 cases of ground-glass and consolidation, 1 case of strip opacity, ground-glass, consolidation and strip cable shadow coexisted in 2 cases. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The application of low-dose CT scan in pregnancy with COVID-19 is completely feasible. CT mainly manifested as bilateral lung patchy, flaky ground-glass opacity with consolidation. Active and effective treatment can completely recover, prognosis better. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Radiation dose; Pregnancy; Novel coronavirus infection; Pneumonia; Tomography, X-ray computed","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91010881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-16DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.0008
Ansheng Liu, Bolin Huang, Cuiling Li, Kai Yang, H. Du, Guilin Yi
Objective To investigate the safety and protection level of radiological treatment in the CT module in Wuhan during the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Methods The layout position of the CT module in makeshift hospitals, radiological protection facilities and personal protective equipment were investigated. Based on the national standards, CT dose index and evaluated radiological protection level of the CT module were measured. Results The layout position of the CT module in makeshift hospitals are reasonable, and radiological protection facilities are well-equipped. 87.0% of them had been accepted. In 23 CT module, 20 of which were up to standards. The other three had 1 detection points which exceed the national standards, and then had been modified immediately, so as to reach the national standards. In addition, CT dose index was measured in 7 CT module of them, the variation of body CTDIW was less than 7.5%. Conclusions The CT module in Wuhan meet the requirements of the radiological safety and protection level during the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Key words: COVID-19; CT module; Radiological protection; CT dose index (CTDI)
{"title":"Monitoring of CT dose and analysis of radiological protection in CT module applied for COVID-19 prevention and control","authors":"Ansheng Liu, Bolin Huang, Cuiling Li, Kai Yang, H. Du, Guilin Yi","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the safety and protection level of radiological treatment in the CT module in Wuhan during the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The layout position of the CT module in makeshift hospitals, radiological protection facilities and personal protective equipment were investigated. Based on the national standards, CT dose index and evaluated radiological protection level of the CT module were measured. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The layout position of the CT module in makeshift hospitals are reasonable, and radiological protection facilities are well-equipped. 87.0% of them had been accepted. In 23 CT module, 20 of which were up to standards. The other three had 1 detection points which exceed the national standards, and then had been modified immediately, so as to reach the national standards. In addition, CT dose index was measured in 7 CT module of them, the variation of body CTDIW was less than 7.5%. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The CT module in Wuhan meet the requirements of the radiological safety and protection level during the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000COVID-19; CT module; Radiological protection; CT dose index (CTDI)","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73830810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-09DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.04.001
L. Tang, Wenshan Zhou, Sheng Liu, Xiangjun Yang, Xixiang Huo, Shuguang Xie, Jing Li, Ansheng Liu, Shi-xiong Tang, Z. Lei, Weimin Chen, Y. Niu
Objectives To survey and supervise the risk of infection control and radiation safety in the radiological diagnostic workplace for novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19), and provide data support for the safety protection of radiographers and related staff. Methods 4 emergency hospitals for COVID-19 including 2 makeshift hospitals, module hospital and brick pattern hospital were performed the testing and evaluation of imaging performance and radiological protection for the 8 new installed CT scanners and places according to the national standards of WS 519-2019 and GBZ 130-2013. The infection control safety factors such as the layout of the equipment room were monitored and investigated. Two COVID-19 designated hospitals including general hospital and infectious disease specialized hospital were selected to carry out field investigation and sampling of environmental biological samples for 4 CT rooms. Then the samples were detected for the nucleic acid of novel coronavirus. The results of radiodiagnostic workplace overall arrangement, infection prevention and the nucleic acid testing were analyzed, and the biological safety reliability and risk point were evaluated. Results The indicators of imaging performance and radiation protection for 8 CT scanners in emergency hospitals could meet the requirements of national standards. Each of 2 makeshift hospitals had 3 CT rooms with the area of 38.8 m2 and shielding protection of 4 mm Pb. The CT rooms in module hospital and brick pattern hospital had the area and shielding protection of 20.0 m2, 4 mm Pb equivalent and 35.8 m2, 3 mm Pb equivalent, respectively. The 8 radiological diagnostic workplaces of the emergency hospitals were designed and constructed based on "three zones with two passageways" . The testing results of the nucleic acid indicated that the multiple sites such as scanning bed, internal of gantry and ground touched by patients in CT scanning room were found positive samples. The areas such as console panel and ground were got polluted risk by the virus infected hands and feet of radiographers. In addition, the areas in scanning room with no touch of patients, such as observation window and air outlet, were found similar positive samples. Conclusions: 8 CT scanners and rooms in 4 emergency hospitals basically meet the requirements of imaging performance and radiation protection. The disinfection of COVID-19 radiodiagnostic workplace should be standardized. Key words: COVID-19; Radiodiagnostic workplace; Radiation safety; Infection control; Module CT
目的调查和监督新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)放射诊断工作场所感染控制和辐射安全风险，为放射技师及相关工作人员的安全防护提供数据支持。方法根据WS 519-2019和GBZ 130-2013国家标准，对新安装的8台CT扫描仪及场所进行影像学性能和放射防护检测与评价。对机房布置等感染控制安全因素进行监测和调查。选择综合医院和传染病专科医院两家新冠定点医院，对4个CT室进行现场调查和环境生物样本采样。然后对样品进行新型冠状病毒核酸检测。对放射诊断工作场所总体布置、感染预防和核酸检测结果进行分析，并对生物安全可靠性和风险点进行评价。结果急诊医院8台CT扫描仪的成像性能和辐射防护指标均达到国家标准要求。2家方舱医院各设CT室3间，面积38.8 m2，屏蔽防护4 mm Pb。模块式医院CT室和砖式医院CT室的面积和屏蔽防护分别为20.0 m2, 4 mm Pb当量和35.8 m2, 3 mm Pb当量。急诊医院8个放射诊断工作场所按“三区两通道”设计施工。核酸检测结果显示，CT扫描室患者接触的扫描床、龙门架内部、地面等多个部位均有阳性样本。控制台和地面等区域受到辐射技师感染病毒的手脚的污染风险。此外，扫描室观察窗、出风口等无患者接触区域也发现了类似阳性样本。结论:4家急诊医院的8台CT扫描仪和房间基本满足成像性能和辐射防护要求。规范新冠肺炎放射诊断工作场所消毒。关键词:COVID-19;Radiodiagnostic工作场所;辐射安全;感染控制;模块CT
{"title":"Investigation and analysis on the infection control and radiation safety of radiodiagnostic workplace for COVID-19","authors":"L. Tang, Wenshan Zhou, Sheng Liu, Xiangjun Yang, Xixiang Huo, Shuguang Xie, Jing Li, Ansheng Liu, Shi-xiong Tang, Z. Lei, Weimin Chen, Y. Niu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.0254-5098.2020.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives \u0000To survey and supervise the risk of infection control and radiation safety in the radiological diagnostic workplace for novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19), and provide data support for the safety protection of radiographers and related staff. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u00004 emergency hospitals for COVID-19 including 2 makeshift hospitals, module hospital and brick pattern hospital were performed the testing and evaluation of imaging performance and radiological protection for the 8 new installed CT scanners and places according to the national standards of WS 519-2019 and GBZ 130-2013. The infection control safety factors such as the layout of the equipment room were monitored and investigated. Two COVID-19 designated hospitals including general hospital and infectious disease specialized hospital were selected to carry out field investigation and sampling of environmental biological samples for 4 CT rooms. Then the samples were detected for the nucleic acid of novel coronavirus. The results of radiodiagnostic workplace overall arrangement, infection prevention and the nucleic acid testing were analyzed, and the biological safety reliability and risk point were evaluated. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The indicators of imaging performance and radiation protection for 8 CT scanners in emergency hospitals could meet the requirements of national standards. Each of 2 makeshift hospitals had 3 CT rooms with the area of 38.8 m2 and shielding protection of 4 mm Pb. The CT rooms in module hospital and brick pattern hospital had the area and shielding protection of 20.0 m2, 4 mm Pb equivalent and 35.8 m2, 3 mm Pb equivalent, respectively. The 8 radiological diagnostic workplaces of the emergency hospitals were designed and constructed based on \"three zones with two passageways\" . The testing results of the nucleic acid indicated that the multiple sites such as scanning bed, internal of gantry and ground touched by patients in CT scanning room were found positive samples. The areas such as console panel and ground were got polluted risk by the virus infected hands and feet of radiographers. In addition, the areas in scanning room with no touch of patients, such as observation window and air outlet, were found similar positive samples. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u00008 CT scanners and rooms in 4 emergency hospitals basically meet the requirements of imaging performance and radiation protection. The disinfection of COVID-19 radiodiagnostic workplace should be standardized. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000COVID-19; Radiodiagnostic workplace; Radiation safety; Infection control; Module CT","PeriodicalId":36403,"journal":{"name":"中华放射医学与防护杂志","volume":"26 1","pages":"253-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83224266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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