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2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids最新文献

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Experimental study the electric characteristics of the deionized water and its mixture with ethylene glycol in tens microsecond regime and its application 实验研究了去离子水及其与乙二醇混合物在数十微秒范围内的电特性及其应用
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015428
Jian-Hua Yang, Ren He-ming, Jing-ming Gao, Wen Jian-chun, Zhou Xiang, Jie Xu
As it is known that the breakdown electric characteristics of deionized water in the pulsed forming line (PFL) depends on the charging time of voltage. In the constructing of the high-current repetitively pulsed accelerator, the PFL usually is charged by the capacitors through the pulse transformer, in order to realize the repetition operation, the semiconductor switches such as thyristors generally be used in the primary circuit of the pulse transformer, the charging time of voltage is prolonged to tens of microsecond because of the application of thyristors, if the deionized water is used as the medium of PFL, how about the breakdown characteristic of deionized water in the PFL in the region of tens microsecond? How about the breakdown characteristic of deionized water under the repetitive operation? A testing device has been set up to investigate the electric characteristics in tens of microsecond regime, the experimental results shown that the time dependent relation of the breakdown electric of the deionized water is weakened, the exponential relation with the effective time of the charging time of voltage is near to −1/6. A high-current repetitively pulsed accelerator is built using the deionized water filled PFL and the semiconductor switches, the experimental results shown that the electric characteristic of deionized water does not to be deteriorated obviously under the 20Hz repetitive operation. The conclusions can be made that the deionized water and its mixture with the ethylene glycol is suitable to construct the compact repetitive high-current accelerator controlled by the semiconductors.
众所周知,脉冲成形线中去离子水的击穿特性取决于电压的充电时间。在构建大电流重复脉冲加速器时,通常由电容通过脉冲互感器对PFL进行充电,为了实现重复操作,脉冲互感器的一次电路中一般采用晶闸管等半导体开关,如果以去离子水作为PFL的介质,由于晶闸管的应用,电压充电时间延长至数十微秒。PFL中去离子水在几十微秒范围内的击穿特性如何?去离子水在重复操作下的击穿特性如何?建立了去离子水在数十微秒范围内的电特性测试装置,实验结果表明,去离子水击穿电特性的时间依赖关系减弱,与电压充电时间有效时间的指数关系接近于−1/6。利用去离子水填充的PFL和半导体开关构建了一个大电流重复脉冲加速器,实验结果表明,在20Hz的重复运行下,去离子水的电特性没有明显恶化。结果表明,去离子水及其与乙二醇的混合物适于构建半导体控制的紧凑型重复大电流加速器。
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引用次数: 3
Experimental investigation of breakdown strength of mineral oil-based nanofluids 矿物油基纳米流体击穿强度的实验研究
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015446
Y. Lv, Le-feng Wang, Xiao-xin Li, Yue-fan Du, Jianquan Zhou, Cheng-Rong Li
Nanofluids were fabricated by employing nanoparticles with different dielectric properties as modifiers to improve the dielectric performance of the mineral oil. Breakdown voltages under AC and lighting impulse stresses were measured to evaluate breakdown strength of these nanofluids. The results indicated that the addition of semiconductive nanoparticles to the base oil can improve the breakdown strength at the optimum concentration of nanoparticle. However, the insulating nanoparticles were unfavorable for the overall dielectric strength of the nanofluids. A possible mechanism was discussed based on the physical properties of the suspended nanoparticles.
采用不同介电性能的纳米颗粒作为改性剂制备纳米流体,改善矿物油的介电性能。测量了交流和光照脉冲应力下的击穿电压,以评估这些纳米流体的击穿强度。结果表明,在最佳纳米颗粒浓度下,在基础油中加入半导体纳米颗粒可以提高基础油的击穿强度。然而,绝缘纳米颗粒对纳米流体的整体介电强度不利。根据悬浮纳米粒子的物理性质,讨论了可能的机理。
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引用次数: 27
Transmittance spectra of oxidized insulation oil using terahertz spectroscopy 氧化绝缘油的太赫兹透射光谱
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015433
Nobuaki Nishimura, R. Ogura, S. Matsumoto, M. Mizuno, K. Fukunaga
The number of aged power equipment increases and it is important to clarify the characteristics of deteriorated insulating oil. This paper describes the basic study on transmittance spectra of oxidized insulating oils by terahertz spectroscopy. First, the mineral and mixture insulating oils heated in oxygen were measured and observed spectra change. Second, the oxidation process of insulating oil was modeled by using various compositions of dodecane and 2-octanol. The absorption related to hydroxyl groups (-OH) was significantly observed between 6 and 7 THz. And hydrogen bonds were observed from vibration change of OH. The absorption band was also observed in accelerated aging insulating oils used in power equipments as insulating oil.
随着电力设备老化数量的增加,弄清变质绝缘油的特性具有重要意义。本文介绍了用太赫兹光谱法对氧化绝缘油透射光谱的基本研究。首先,测量了矿物绝缘油和混合绝缘油在氧气中加热后的光谱变化。其次,采用不同组成的十二烷和辛醇对绝缘油的氧化过程进行了模拟。羟基(-OH)在6 ~ 7太赫兹之间的吸收显著。氢氧根的振动变化可以观察到氢键的形成。在电力设备用的加速老化绝缘油中也发现了吸收带。
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引用次数: 2
Evolution of the electric field due to forced flow in oil pressboard ducts 油压板管道内强制流动时电场的演化
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015451
J. Schiessling, C. Forssén, L. Walfridsson, C. Tornkvist, U. Gafvert
The electrical insulation system of power transformers is a combination of mineral oil and pressboard materials. We have measured the influence of forced oil flow on the electric field stress in oil pressboard insulation system with applied DC potential using Kerr electro-optic effect. The data show a variation in the electric field strength in flow direction, depending on velocity, time and applied voltage. The observations are explained by variation in space charge distribution on the pressboard.
电力变压器的电气绝缘系统是矿物油和压板材料的结合。利用克尔电光效应测量了施加直流电位的油压板绝缘系统中强制油流对电场应力的影响。数据显示电场强度在流动方向上的变化,取决于速度、时间和施加电压。这些观测结果可以用压板上空间电荷分布的变化来解释。
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引用次数: 0
DGA comparison between ester and mineral oils 酯类和矿物油的DGA比较
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015411
C. Perrier, M. Marugan, M. Saravolac, A. Beroual
This paper reports on a comparative study between mineral and ester oils basing on DGA (Dissolved Gas Analysis). Electrical (breakdown of low energy) and thermal (stray gassing) faults are realized at laboratory scale and gas formation as well as diagnosis methods are compared. Two extraction methods described in IEC 60567 were used: total vacuum degassing and stripping method. Three different diagnosis methods were used: IEC 60599 gas ratios, Duval's triangle and key gases. It appears that for electrical faults and especially for low energy discharges, the same gases (Hydrogen and Acetylene), in relatively same ratios, are created. It is shown that classic Duval's triangle is well applicable for this type of fault confirming thus the results reported in literature. For thermal faults and especially for stray gassing issue (low thermal faults), Ethane (associated with Hydrogen) constitutes the key gas of natural esters and the new Duval's triangle can be applied for mineral oil whereas some arrangements need to be introduced for ester oils.
本文报道了基于DGA(溶解气体分析)的矿物油和酯油的对比研究。在实验室尺度上实现了电(低能击穿)和热(杂散气体)故障,并比较了气体的形成和诊断方法。采用IEC 60567中描述的两种提取方法:全真空脱气和汽提法。采用三种不同的诊断方法:IEC 60599气体比、Duval三角形和关键气体。似乎对于电气故障,特别是对于低能量放电,以相对相同的比例产生相同的气体(氢和乙炔)。结果表明,经典的杜瓦尔三角很好地适用于这类断层,证实了文献报道的结果。对于热断层,特别是杂气问题(低热断层),乙烷(伴生氢)是天然酯类的关键气体,对于矿物油可以采用新的Duval三角,而对于酯类油则需要引入一些安排。
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引用次数: 46
Ageing of oil impregnated thermally upgraded papers 油浸热升级纸的老化
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015488
K. Liland, Marit-helen Glomm Ese, C. M. Selsbak, L. Lundgaard
Investigation of the difference in the ageing process for several thermally upgraded and non-upgraded papers in transformer oil was performed. We observed that the level of nitrogen in the papers is crucial for the resistance towards hydrolysis. One of the papers in the experiment did not fulfil the upgrade specification with respect to the nitrogen level (data sheet). For hydrolysis of wet oil impregnated samples in argon atmosphere the upgraded papers seem to degrade less than non-upgraded papers. The paper with highest level of nitrogen degrades less than those with lower levels. The Insuldur process seems to be the best way of thermally upgrading the paper (Upgrade 1) and this also gives the highest level of nitrogen. For one of the upgraded samples (Upgrade 2) the nitrogen disappears completely after startup and this paper behaves as non-upgraded for the highest temperature. Dry oil impregnated paper (0.2% water content) under argon atmosphere does not seem to be hydrolysed and ages at a very slow rate. In the case of oxidation of dry oil impregnated samples (0.2% water content) in air there are initially no significant difference between non-upgraded and upgraded papers. However, the upgraded papers seem to have an improved performance after the water production from ageing becomes significant. The oxidation activation energy for non-upgraded paper is lower compared to hydrolysis and for upgraded paper this difference is smaller.
研究了几种热升级纸和非升级纸在变压器油中老化过程的差异。我们观察到,氮在纸的水平是至关重要的抗水解。实验中有一篇论文的氮含量(数据表)不符合升级规范。对于湿油浸渍样品在氩气气氛中的水解,升级纸似乎比未升级纸的降解程度要小。氮含量高的纸比氮含量低的纸降解得少。Insuldur工艺似乎是对纸张进行热升级的最佳方法(升级1),这也提供了最高水平的氮。其中升级后的样品(升级2),氮气在启动后完全消失,该材料在最高温度下表现为未升级。干油浸渍纸(0.2%含水量)在氩气气氛下似乎不水解,老化速度非常慢。在干燥油浸渍样品(含水量0.2%)在空气中氧化的情况下,未升级和升级的纸张最初没有显著差异。然而,升级后的纸张在老化产水量显著增加后,其性能似乎有所提高。与水解相比,未升级纸的氧化活化能较低,而升级纸的氧化活化能差异较小。
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引用次数: 8
Investigation into the formation of copper sulphide in oil filled electrical equipment 充油电气设备中硫化铜形成的研究
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015416
P. M. Mitchinson, A. Holt, R. C. Brown, P. Lewin, I. Croudace, G. Wilson, P. Jarman
The deposition of copper sulphide within oil filled high voltage equipment is the symptom of the use of sulphurous oil. In some cases, severe copper sulphide contamination has resulted in expensive equipment failure. It has been shown that sealed equipment, containing sulphurous oils and operating at elevated temperatures, are the more susceptible to the copper sulphide deposits. Recent work has suggested a mechanism for the deposits in the paper covering the copper conductors. Other work has suggested that the deposition may be the result of thermally driven gassing. However, the overall mechanism of copper sulphide formation and its deposition on the copper is still a topic of interest.
高压充油设备内硫化铜的沉积是使用含硫油的症状。在某些情况下,严重的硫化铜污染导致了昂贵的设备故障。已经证明,密封的设备,含有含硫油和在高温下操作,更容易受到硫化铜矿床的影响。最近的工作提出了一种沉积在覆盖铜导体的纸上的机制。其他工作表明,沉积可能是热驱动气体的结果。然而,硫化铜的形成及其在铜上沉积的整体机制仍然是一个令人感兴趣的话题。
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引用次数: 5
The gassing tendency of reclaimed oils 再生油的产气倾向
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015417
J. N’cho, I. Fofana, A. Beroual, T. Aka-Ngnui, J. Sabau
It is known that the oxidation decay of oil in power transformer deteriorates the paper insulation of windings. To avoid the formation of incipient electrical failures, service providers recommend timely reclamation of liquid insulation. Even though the purity of oil is improved, the decay products previously adsorbed by the paper cannot be removed. Another setback is the unknown gassing tendency of reclaimed oil. This contribution shows that not only the reclamation improves the gassing tendency of oil, but also the type of Fuller's Earth affects this important property. By upgrading the analytical chemistry of oil the predictive maintenance of this non-renewable resource is modernized, its cost diminished and the service reliability of transformers enhanced.
已知电力变压器中油的氧化衰变使绕组的纸绝缘恶化。为了避免早期电气故障的形成,服务提供商建议及时回收液体绝缘。尽管油的纯度提高了,但以前被纸吸附的衰变产物不能去除。另一个挫折是回收油的未知的气体倾向。这一贡献表明,开垦不仅改善了石油的气倾向,而且富勒土的类型也影响了这一重要性质。通过对石油分析化学的升级,实现了对这种不可再生资源的预测性维护的现代化,降低了其成本,提高了变压器的使用可靠性。
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引用次数: 2
A new model for the density-dependence of positive ion mobility in liquid helium 液氦中正离子迁移率密度依赖的新模型
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015481
F. Aitken, N. Bonifaci, A. Denat, K. von Haeften
The free volume model has in the past been used to calculate ionic conductivities of liquids and solids successfully. We have recently applied this method to calculate electron mobilities and electron cavity radii in liquid and supercritical helium. A key step in our approach is the development of van der Waals-type state equation with an appropriately chosen expression for the internal pressure describing the attraction between fluid and impurities. Here we develop this approach further to study positive ions. We find for positive ions a much simpler form of the internal pressure than for electrons. The ion mobility calculated with our method for pressures between 1 and 100 bar agree very well with experimental data recorded at 2.2, 3 and 4.2 K. The radii associated with mobility values vary from 0.55 nm to 0.4 nm with pressure or density. In liquid helium, positive ions form ‘Atkins’ snowballs, a structure in which a positive core attracts the helium atoms from its solvation shell to form a densely, solid-like packed layer. The helium density profile of this interface is much sharper than for electron cavities in helium and gives rise to a lower compressibility of the positive impurity. We believe that this sharper density profile is the reason for the much simpler form of the internal pressure than for electrons.
自由体积模型在过去已被成功地用于计算液体和固体的离子电导率。我们最近应用这种方法计算了液态氦和超临界氦中的电子迁移率和电子空腔半径。我们的方法的一个关键步骤是发展范德华式状态方程,其中适当选择了描述流体和杂质之间吸引力的内部压力表达式。在这里,我们进一步发展这种方法来研究正离子。我们发现正离子的内部压强比电子的内部压强简单得多。用我们的方法计算的1 ~ 100 bar压力下的离子迁移率与2.2、3和4.2 K压力下的实验数据吻合得很好。随压力或密度的变化,与迁移率值相关的半径从0.55 nm到0.4 nm不等。在液氦中,正离子形成“阿特金斯雪球”,在这种结构中,正核从其溶剂化壳中吸引氦原子,形成致密的固体状填充层。该界面的氦密度分布图比氦中的电子腔要尖锐得多,并且导致正杂质的可压缩性较低。我们相信,这种更清晰的密度分布是内部压力比电子更简单的原因。
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引用次数: 0
ElectroHydroDynamic primary break-up of deposited droplets 沉积液滴的电-水动力学初始破碎
Pub Date : 2011-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/ICDL.2011.6015461
C. Louste, M. Daaboul, P. Traoré, H. Romat
Atomization of deposited diesel oil droplet is studied in the presence of pulsed high voltage electric field. Experiments are carried out on 10µl droplets by the use of a high speed camera. Three new modes of atomization are described: the stretched ligament mode, the bush-like mode and the splashing mode.
研究了脉冲高压电场作用下沉积柴油液滴的雾化特性。实验采用高速摄像机对10µl液滴进行。描述了三种新的雾化模式:拉伸韧带模式、灌木状模式和飞溅模式。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2011 IEEE International Conference on Dielectric Liquids
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