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The Complicated Selves of Transcolonialism: The Triangulation of Identities in the Alternative Peripheries of Global Post/Colonialism 跨殖民主义的复杂自我:全球后殖民主义另类外围的身份三角测量
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2022.13.04
B. Ștefănescu
The paper argues that twentieth-century (post)coloniality was a multi-centric and poly-peripheral space and as such calls for a different, more complex geo-cultural and historical portrayal than the one provided by mainstream postcolonialism. Conventional postcolonialist critiques are ill equipped to address the historical interactions and the conceptual migrations between the discourses of the Second and Third Worlds, or with their “dual dependencies” because, with notable exceptions, postcolonialist studies only focus on the relations between the West and its (former) colonies. I argue that Eastern Europe and the (post)colonies of the West are alternative peripheries in the convoluted field of global (post)colonialism and that there were protracted two-way exchanges between these subaltern discourses in their interconnected experiences of (post)colonialism. This interplay, together with their vacillation between the two power centres during the Cold War, complicated not only the global power games, but also the processes of (post)colonial identity formation, and the ideological genealogies of repression and resistance
本文认为,20世纪(后)殖民主义是一个多中心、多周边的空间,因此需要一个不同于主流后殖民主义的、更复杂的地缘文化和历史描述。传统的后殖民主义批评无法解决第二世界和第三世界话语之间的历史互动和概念迁移,也无法解决它们的“双重依赖”,因为除了明显的例外,后殖民主义研究只关注西方与其(前)殖民地之间的关系。我认为,在错综复杂的全球(后)殖民主义领域中,东欧和西方的(后)殖民者是另一个边缘,在这些次要话语之间,在他们相互关联的(前)殖民主义经历中,存在着漫长的双向交流。这种相互作用,加上冷战期间两个权力中心之间的摇摆不定,不仅使全球权力游戏复杂化,而且使(后)殖民身份形成的过程以及镇压和抵抗的意识形态谱系复杂化
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引用次数: 2
Misfits and Troubled Men. Masculinity and Violence in Romanian Socialist Cinema 错位和麻烦男人。罗马尼亚社会主义电影中的男子气概与暴力
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2022.13.11
Mădălina Pojoga
This paper is part of an ongoing research project that aims at identifying types of masculinities in Romanian socialist cinema, by using gender studies and other contributions on the topic of masculinity in order to provide a sociological reading of Romanian films made during the communist regime. I will look at the way in which Western understandings of masculinity have been transferred to Eastern European categories of masculinity in cinema and I will establish a critical framework for my analysis, with an introduction to studies on masculinity, and expand on elements of sociological and psychoanalytical works, namely major contributions from Connell (1987), Segal (2007) and Horrocks (1994, 1995). Two defining concepts in masculinity studies are hegemonic masculinity (Connell 1987) and homosociality (Bird, 1996), theories which will constitute the basis for my case studies in order to see if male characters in Romanian socialist cinema fit into this categorization. The last part of this paper will be an analysis of three films, Reenactment (Reconstituirea, Lucian Pintilie, 1968), 100 Lei (100 de lei, Mircea Săucan, 1973) and At the End of the Line (La capătul liniei, Dinu Tănase), in which the male characters exist outside society, they cannot conform to what is being required of them as socialist subjects. The purpose is to see how gender performativity plays a role in the relationship between men, with a focus on violence and how it is connected to a search for a father figure and male friendships.
本文是一项正在进行的研究项目的一部分,该项目旨在通过性别研究和其他关于男性气质主题的贡献来识别罗马尼亚社会主义电影中的男性气质类型,以便为共产主义政权期间制作的罗马尼亚电影提供社会学解读。我将研究西方对男性气质的理解是如何被转移到东欧电影中男性气质的范畴的,我将为我的分析建立一个关键框架,介绍男性气质的研究,并扩展社会学和精神分析作品的元素,即康奈尔(1987)、西格尔(2007)和霍罗克斯(1994,1995)的主要贡献。男性气质研究中的两个定义概念是霸权男性气质(Connell 1987)和同性恋社会(Bird, 1996),这些理论将构成我的案例研究的基础,以了解罗马尼亚社会主义电影中的男性角色是否符合这一分类。本文的最后一部分将分析三部电影,Reenactment (Reconstituirea, Lucian Pintilie, 1968), 100 Lei (100 de Lei, Mircea surucan, 1973)和At The End of The Line (La capatul liniei, Dinu turnase),其中男性角色存在于社会之外,他们不能符合社会主义主体的要求。研究的目的是了解性别表现如何在男性关系中发挥作用,重点关注暴力,以及它如何与寻找父亲形象和男性友谊联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
The Rhizomatic: A Spatial Form in Contemporary Romanian Poetry 根:当代罗马尼亚诗歌的一种空间形式
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2022.13.10
Marius Conkan
Using geocritical methods and exploring the spatiality of texts, this study aims to demonstrate that the rhizomatic, the well-known Deleuzian concept, constitutes one of the spatial forms in contemporary Romanian poetry. In this sense, rhizomatic poetics transgress unitary semantics through interferences, disorders and (constantly rearranged) connections of forms and images to ultimately signal new perceptions of reality. As global meanings are pulverized, within some networks that capitalize mainly on the trace and the semantic transgressivity, these poetics end up generating a continuous reassembly of real elements, akin to a system which, through juxtaposition, multiplicity and nomadism, creates its own formal and affective space.
本研究采用地理批评的方法,探索文本的空间性,旨在证明德勒兹著名的词根概念构成了当代罗马尼亚诗歌的空间形式之一。从这个意义上说,根状诗学通过形式和图像的干扰、紊乱和(不断重新排列)连接,最终传达出对现实的新感知,从而超越了单一语义。随着全球意义的粉碎,在一些主要利用痕迹和语义越轨的网络中,这些诗学最终产生了真实元素的持续重组,类似于一个系统,通过并置、多样性和游牧性,创造了自己的形式和情感空间。
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引用次数: 0
The Unseen Faces of Translation. Insights into the English and Spanish Translations of Norman Manea’s The Hooligan’s Return 翻译中看不见的面孔。诺曼·马尼亚的《流氓归来》英、西译本解读
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2022.13.12
Mihaela Vancea
This paper aims to determine the strategies of adapting the translated content to a specific context based on a study case of Norman Manea’s The Hooligan’s Return. An exclusive interview with the author reveals the lesser debated prospect of the ghost translator. At a closer look, the translation of a text in various languages and spaces reveals certain truths and aspects specific to the community that embraces the translated text. Therefore, besides the role of cultural mediators, translators also need to possess certain anthropological qualities, so as to transplant the fragile human experience of a text to the foreign reader. According to Lawrence Venuti, this exchange can happen through a phenomenon explained in terms of foreignization and domestication, characterized by combating racism or ethnocentrism. Starting from these two approaches, we will examine how the mechanisms of translation are applied in our case study.
本文以诺曼·马涅亚的《胡利根的归来》为个案,探讨翻译内容适应特定语境的策略。对作者的独家采访揭示了幽灵翻译家的前景,这一前景争议较少。仔细观察,文本在各种语言和空间中的翻译揭示了特定于接受翻译文本的社区的某些真理和方面。因此,除了文化中介的作用外,译者还需要具备一定的人类学素质,才能将文本脆弱的人类经验移植给外国读者。根据劳伦斯·维努蒂的说法,这种交流可以通过异化和归化来解释,其特征是反对种族主义或种族中心主义。从这两种方法开始,我们将研究翻译机制在我们的案例研究中是如何应用的。
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引用次数: 0
Romanian Women Writers and the Literary Profession during the First Half of the 20th Century: Exclusion, Feminisation and Professionalisation of Writing 20世纪上半叶罗马尼亚女作家与文学职业:写作的排斥、女性化与职业化
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2022.13.06
Ioana-Claudia Moroșan
The present paper aims to analyse the evolution of the writing profession in case of women writers during the first half of the 20th century and especially during the inter-war period. In this respect, the present research mobilises three main methodological frameworks mainly consecrated by Pierre Bourdieu and his later followers: the sociology of professions, the sociology of gender, and field theory. The professionalisation of the literary occupation is also analysed from three main perspectives in front of the backdrop against which it occurred: firstly, the evolution of the literary profession is related to the feminisation of the literary field that allowed a wide insertion of women therein; the practices of exclusion, insofar as the literary occupation remained capitalised by male dominants; and, finally, the professionalisation of writing in the case of women is correlated to the development of the literary infrastructure during the inter-war period that contributed to the dislocation of the established criteria of the co-optation of newcomers.
本文旨在分析20世纪上半叶,特别是南北战争时期女性作家写作职业的演变。在这方面,本研究调动了三个主要的方法论框架,主要由皮埃尔·布迪厄及其后来的追随者所推崇:职业社会学、性别社会学和场论。在文学职业发生的背景下,还从三个主要角度分析了文学职业的职业化:首先,文学职业的演变与文学领域的女性化有关,女性化使女性广泛参与其中;排斥的做法,只要文学职业仍然由男性支配者资本化;最后,女性写作的专业化与战争期间文学基础设施的发展有关,这导致了新来者选择的既定标准的错位。
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引用次数: 1
The Life of a Literary Network – A Quantitative Approach to Sburătorul Literary Cenacle 文学网络的生命——对斯伯陶尔文学遗产的定量研究
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2022.13.09
Daiana Gârdan
Investigated mostly in a co-dependent relationship with its titular figure – E. Lovinescu (1881-1943), the Romanian literary circle Sburătorul has achieved a paradoxical position in the field of Romanian critical inquiry. On one hand, this particular group is an ever-present reference in research dedicated to the interwar Romanian literary modernist scene. On the other hand, only a few monographic works explore the actual dynamic of this group, and while they are well documented and multi-layered a lot of material remains yet to be explored. The Sburătorul Literary Journals (Sburătorul: Agende literare), kept by E. Lovinescu and subsequently edited and published posthumously by his daughter, Monica Lovinescu, are one of the most valuable yet underestimated bibliographical instruments in Romania. Owing much to this particular instrument, my paper aims to investigate the human resource of Sburătorul literary circle. The methodology of my paper stands at the intersection between network studies, distant reading, and sociology and within these theoretical frameworks I intend to explore the relationships and dynamics between the most active members of the group, in order to “measure” the symbolic capital of the group.
罗马尼亚文学圈Sburătorul与其名义上的人物E.Lovenscu(1881-1943)大多处于共同依赖关系中,在罗马尼亚批判性研究领域取得了自相矛盾的地位。一方面,在致力于两次大战之间罗马尼亚文学现代主义场景的研究中,这个特定的群体是一个永远存在的参考。另一方面,只有少数专著探索了这一群体的实际动态,尽管它们有很好的文献记录和多层结构,但仍有许多材料有待探索。《文学期刊》(Sburătorul:Agende literare)由E.Lovenescu保管,随后由他的女儿Monica LovenescU在死后编辑出版,是罗马尼亚最有价值但被低估的书目工具之一。正是由于这一特殊的工具,我的论文旨在考察斯伯托鲁文学圈的人力资源。我论文的方法论介于网络研究、远程阅读和社会学之间,在这些理论框架内,我打算探索群体中最活跃成员之间的关系和动态,以“衡量”群体的象征资本。
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引用次数: 0
Translations of Novels in the Romanian Culture during the Interwar Period and WWII (1918-1944): A Quantitative Perspective 两次世界大战之间和二战期间罗马尼亚文化中的小说翻译(1918-1944):一个定量的视角
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2021.12.02
Ș. Baghiu
This article continues the quantitative analysis of translations of novels in Romania for the 1918-1944 period. Baghiu discusses the decay of the French novel (from almost 70% of the total of translated novels during the long 19th century to almost 43% during the interwar period), and the case of two competitors in the second line of translations (American and Russian). The article turns then to the European and Global peripheries from the perspective of the colonial ‘20s and ‘30s, and discusses the eco narratives of the Nordic novel, and the identity function of the Asian novel within this translationscape.
本文继续对1918-1944年罗马尼亚小说翻译进行定量分析。Baghiu讨论了法国小说的衰落(从19世纪漫长的翻译小说总数的近70%到两次世界大战期间的近43%),以及第二批翻译中的两个竞争对手(美国和俄罗斯)的情况。本文从20、30年代的殖民地视角切入欧洲和全球边缘,探讨北欧小说的生态叙事,以及亚洲小说在这一翻译视野中的身份功能。
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引用次数: 0
Cosmopolitan Theory: Examining the (Dis-)location of Imagology 世界主义理论:考察意象学的(非)位置
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2021.12.01
Brigitte le Juez
Being interdisciplinary, reflexive and analytical, theory has practical effects, questioning assumptions such as those related to discourse, meaning or identity, and exploring the circumstances in which texts are produced. It offers new conceptual tools and provides an argumentative method. Fields such as imagology have benefitted from the outset from the variety of theories reflecting the intellectual progress of their times, in particular in connection with the study of the relationship between Self and Other, thus providing new perspectives on the uses of preconceived ideas in artistic, written and visual, representations. In view of the current context of migratory flows and societal upheavals, it seems topical to examine the theories feeding the field of imagology today. Traditionally, history, psychology and sociology have proved instrumental in the building of essential notions pertaining to the sphere. More recently, studies have drawn on new approaches connected to reception, translation, gender and education studies, widening the imagological scope and its range of methodological tools. This article examines the nature of the imagological undertaking, its current spread worldwide, and shows how this comparative literary field upholds a cosmopolitan ethos.
理论是跨学科的、反射性的和分析性的,它具有实际效果,质疑与话语、意义或身份相关的假设,并探索文本产生的环境。它提供了新的概念工具,并提供了一种论证方法。意象学等领域从一开始就受益于反映其时代智力进步的各种理论,特别是在研究自我与他人之间的关系方面,从而为在艺术、书面和视觉表现中使用先入为主的思想提供了新的视角。鉴于当前移民流动和社会动荡的背景,审视当今意象学领域的理论似乎是一个热门话题。传统上,历史学、心理学和社会学在建立与该领域相关的基本概念方面发挥了重要作用。最近,研究采用了与接受、翻译、性别和教育研究相关的新方法,扩大了意象学的范围及其方法工具的范围。本文考察了意象事业的性质及其目前在世界范围内的传播,并展示了这个比较文学领域是如何维护一种世界主义精神的。
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引用次数: 2
Challenging the Roma Structural Discrimination: Deterritorialization Practices in Romanian Cinema 挑战罗姆人的结构性歧视:罗马尼亚电影中的非理性化实践
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2021.12.03
Simona Mitroiu
This paper examines the cinematographic reworking of memory spaces associated with power relations and structural injustice. The way in which space is represented and used as a medium that reflects power relations allows to question the space itself in cultural productions from Central-Eastern Europe when associated with Romani people (space and power relations, memory of slavery and discrimination, space and freedom, territoriality, space and its inhabitants, non-belonging, segregation, etc.). The paper focuses on motion pictures produced in the last decade in Romania, a prolific period due to the increasing interest for memory activism and to the multiplication of the cultural exploration of challenging topics. It aims to identify narrative, visual, and aesthetic expressions used as deterritorialization practices to stimulate relational remembrance and engagement with ongoing social inequality and structural injustice. Two short films – Alina Șerban’ s Bilet de iertare (Letter of forgiveness) and Adrian Silișteanu’s Scris/Nescris (Written/Unwritten) – and a western type film – Radu Jude’s Aferim!, winner of the Silver Bear for Best director at Berlinale in 2015, are analysed here.
本文探讨了与权力关系和结构不公正相关的记忆空间的电影再加工。空间被表现和用作反映权力关系的媒介的方式,允许在与罗姆人相关的中欧和东欧文化产品中质疑空间本身(空间和权力关系,奴隶制和歧视的记忆,空间和自由,领土,空间及其居民,非归属,隔离等)。本文的重点是在罗马尼亚生产的电影在过去十年,一个多产的时期,由于对记忆活动主义的兴趣日益增加,并对具有挑战性的话题的文化探索的乘法。它旨在识别叙事、视觉和美学表达,作为非领土化实践,以刺激关系记忆和参与持续的社会不平等和结构性不公正。两部短片——Alina Șerban的Bilet de iertare(原谅的信)和Adrian Silișteanu的Scris/Nescris(书面/未书面)——以及一部西部片——Radu Jude的Aferim!2015年柏林电影节最佳导演银熊奖得主。
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引用次数: 0
Shaping the Canon. The International Profile of Viața Românească (1906-1916) 塑造佳能。Viața romascei的国际概况(1906-1916)
IF 0.3 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.24193/mjcst.2021.12.05
Daiana Gârdan
The present paper aims to investigate the circulation of foreign cultural input in one of the most important Romanian literary periodicals of the prewar era. The main focus of the present research revolves around the means by which the editorial group of Viața Românească (The Romanian Life), have managed to create an international dialogue oriented towards Western models that helped shape the modernization of both the autochthonous literary production and the critical or theoretical national systems. Generally considered a rather reactionary community, with nationalistic tendencies, the aforementioned literary group has engaged in many occasions into transplanting foreign theoretical and critical models. The amplitude of these communications and its quite remarkable effects on the Romanian cultural scene may still come as a surprise. By means of quantitative and digital methods, the present proposal attempts to measure and investigate this very particular process.
本文旨在调查战前罗马尼亚最重要的文学期刊之一的外国文化输入的流通情况。本研究的主要焦点围绕着《罗马尼亚生活》(The Romanian Life)编辑小组如何设法创建一个面向西方模式的国际对话,帮助塑造本土文学生产和批判或理论国家体系的现代化。上述文学团体通常被认为是一个相当反动的群体,具有民族主义倾向,曾多次参与移植外国理论和批评模式。这些交流的广度及其对罗马尼亚文化舞台的显著影响可能仍然令人惊讶。本提案试图通过定量和数字方法来衡量和调查这一特殊过程。
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引用次数: 0
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Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory
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