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The Effects of Aromatherapy With Clove and Lavender on Headache Caused by Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Urological Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70392
Mahlagha Dehghan, Atena Samareh Fekri, Niloofar Rashidipour, Naeimeh Naeimi Bafghi, Ali Maghfouri, Mohamadreza Ebadzadeh

Background and Aims

Headache is a common side effect of spinal anesthesia. Medicinal plants have been studied for their potential to relieve pain naturally. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of clove and lavender aromatherapy in reducing headaches caused by spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing urological surgery.

Methods

This randomized clinical trial study involved 90 patients undergoing urological surgery at Bahonar Hospital in Kerman in 2021. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received aromatherapy with clove and lavender essential oils, while the control group received standard care. The effectiveness of aromatherapy in reducing post-operative headaches was measured using the Visual Analog Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS25.

Results

The study found that, while both lavender and clove aromatherapy reduced headache severity compared to the control group at 8 and 24 h post-surgery, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, a significant reduction in headache severity was observed in all three groups, with lavender and clove groups showing a greater reduction than the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Aromatherapy could be a simple, affordable, and safe way to reduce pain and the need for post-surgical sedatives. Due to conflicting results in previous studies, further research is necessary to confirm its effectiveness.

Trial Registration: IRCT20211124053172N1.

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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Fertility Motivation in Pregnant Women With and Without Experience of Violence: Descriptive and Analytic Study
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70512
Mina Abbasi, Sepideh Dinmohammadi, Roghieh Kharaghani, Maryam Azarkish, Arezoo Haseli

Background and Aims

Domestic violence during pregnancy harms the mother-child bond and can affect fertility decisions. The study aims to Comparison of Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Fertility Motivation in Pregnant Women with and without Experience of Violence.

Materials and Methods

This descriptive and analytical study was conducted was conducted in 2024. A total of 292 pregnant women were selected through stratified random cluster sampling from primary healthcare of zanjan, Iran, and divided in non-violent (147) and violent (145) groups. Data collection tools were Demographic, the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2), the mother's attachment to Cranley's fetus, and Miller's fertility preferences questionnaire. To analyze the data by SPSS 17, we used Chi-square test, Pearson's test, correlation coefficient, and logistic regression, with a significance level set at p-value < 0.05.

Results

Most of the women who experienced violence had a second pregnancy or more (116 out of 145). Unwanted pregnancy was almost twice as common in women who had experienced violence as in women who had not (16.1% vs 8.2%). Women who experienced violence were significantly more likely to have fewer children (χ2 = 4.693, p = 0.33). As a result of the Binary logistics regression analyses, it was determined that the variables of young age of husband (OR: 1.325; CI:1.379–3.352), law education level of the husbands (OR:1.313; CI:1.090–2.093), gravida ≥ 5 (OR:5.750; CI:1.018–32.464), low desire to have children (OR:1.882; CI: 1.035–3.420), and low Fetal Attachment (OR: 5.423; CI: 1.965–14.966) were statistically significant with violent women.

Conclusion

Domestic violence during pregnancy affects the bond between mother and fetus, as well as fertility choices. Reducing domestic violence can enhance maternal-fetal attachment and improve fertility rates.

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引用次数: 0
Behind the Healing: Exploring the Psychological Battles of Kidney Transplant Patients: A Qualitative Insight
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70511
Tsiyon Birhanu wube, Solomon Gebremichael Asgedom, Abrehet Girmay Mengesha, Yohannes Ayalew Bekele, Lielt Gebreselassie Gebrekirstos
<div> <section> <h3> Background and Aims</h3> <p>Kidney transplantation is widely regarded as the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease, offering benefits like prolonged life expectancy, enhanced quality of life, and greater cost-effectiveness compared to dialysis. While dialysis imposes considerable restrictions on patients, including diminished independence, many of these challenges can be alleviated through successful transplantation. However, despite the physical advantages of kidney transplants, the psychological struggles faced by transplant recipients are often overlooked, particularly in Ethiopia. This study aimed to delve into the psychological experiences of kidney transplant patients, shedding light on the emotional and mental battles they encounter post-transplant.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This qualitative study involved kidney transplant patients at SPMMC (St. Paul's Millennium Medical College). during the study period, regardless of donor type. A total of ten participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires containing both closed and open-ended questions. The data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The analysis focused on understanding participants' experiences and their interpretations of these experiences. Themes were identified by examining commonalities and differences in the participants' accounts, with special attention to areas of convergence and divergence.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The analysis revealed both positive and negative psychological experiences among kidney transplant patients. Positive experiences included feelings of “re-birth,” thankfulness, strengthened social bonds, freedom from dialysis, enhanced self-efficacy, and increased social support. Negative experiences included dependency, fear of the future, challenges with adherence to treatment, and occasional regret.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Life after a kidney transplant is significantly more positive and empowering compared to life on dialysis. However, psychological challenges remain, highlighting the need for ongoing psychological support to address both positive and negative aspects of the transplant experience. Future research should focus on providing continuous support, including counseling and support groups, and integrating these systems into kidney transplant care to enhance overall recovery.</p> </section> </div
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Knowledge and Attitudes Among Adolescent School Girls in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70506
Siraye Genzeb Ayele, Abate Wondesen Tsige

Background and Aims

Chronic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the main cause of cervical carcinoma (CC). It has a significant worldwide disease burden and is the fourth most prevalent malignancy in women. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among Ethiopian women, causing an estimated 4884 deaths and 7095 new instances of diagnosis annually. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and attitudes of HPV vaccine among adolescent school girls.

Methods

Between June 2, 2023 and August 15, 2023, a study was conducted in Debre Berhan City. All adolescent girls between the ages of 14 and 18 who attended school in the chosen kebeles were eligible for participation in the current study. Schools were selected using a simple random sampling method. Epidata 4.2.0 was utilized for data entry and SPSS 25 for the analysis. There were three types of logistic regression used: multivariate, univariate, and descriptive statistics. At 95% CI, a p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.

Results

We had 601 respondents. The majority of the respondents were in the age range of 16–17 years (51.3%). More than one-fourth of participants started sexual activity, (29.5%) and only (22.1%) participants had information about the HPV vaccine. The majority (83%) of participants had poor knowledge about the HPV vaccine. More than half of the participants (57.4%) had no information about CC and only (26.8%) study participants had information about CC. Only (14.5%) of participants knew the cause of CC was HPV. Below one-fourth of (23.4%) participants knew the HPV vaccine used to prevent HPV infection. More than half (54.2%) of the participants had a negative attitude towards the HPV vaccine. Participants who were not informed about the HPV vaccine before the current study were approximately 65% less likely to be aware of the HPV vaccine compared to those who had prior knowledge of it (AOR = 0.65; 95%CI = 0.42,0.92; p = 0.003).

Conclusions

Adolescent girls had negative attitudes and poor knowledge of the HPV vaccine. Adolescent girls should be educated about CC and HPV infection to improve their knowledge and attitude about the HPV vaccine using health professionals and mass media.

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引用次数: 0
Health-Related Quality of Life One Year After Intensive Care Unit Admission for COVID-19: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional, Longitudinal Observational Study
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70507
Carina M. Samuelsson, Netha Hussain, Avril Drummond, Carina U. Persson

Background and Aims

Although sequelae are commonly reported in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors following COVID-19, country-specific long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) studies are scarce. Therefore, the aims were to describe HRQoL and to identify early factors associated with impaired HRQoL 1 year after ICU admission following COVID-19.

Methods

This retrospective, cross-sectional, longitudinal observational study assessed HRQoL 1 year after ICU admission for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol 5 Dimensions 3 Levels (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire, which covers Mobility, Self-Care, Usual Activities, Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression, along with the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associations between HRQoL and the independent variables.

Results

A total of 105 participants (median age 58 [interquartile range {IQR}: 51–66] years) completed the EQ-5D-3L. Over two-thirds (n = 73, 69%) reported moderate or extreme problems related to Pain/Discomfort and half (n = 53, 51%) reported problems related to Anxiety/Depression. The mean EQ-5D-3L value index was 0.83 (standard deviation ±0.13). For the EQ-VAS (n = 103), the median score was 70 (IQR: 59–80). Diabetes mellitus was associated with impaired HRQoL in Self-Care (odds ratio [OR]: 7.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77–31.92) and longer length of stay in ICU was associated with impaired HRQoL in both Usual Activities (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05) and Pain/Discomfort (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.13). Also, younger age (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92–1.00) and female sex (OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.06–0.70) were associated with impaired HRQoL in Pain/Discomfort.

Conclusion

The prevalence of impaired HRQoL 1 year after ICU care due to COVID-19 is a public health concern. Our findings imply that COVID-19 ICU survivors, and particularly those with diabetes, should be followed up beyond 1 year to identify those in need of continued mental and physical health care and rehabilitation.

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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Determinants Among Adult People Living in Riverine Island, Sirajganj, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70527
Safayet Jamil, Mohammad Shahangir Biswas, Habib Mohammad Ali, Neeru Chaudhary, Chandrima Chatterjee, Md. Emdadul Hasan Mukul, Victor Abiola Adepoju, Alauddin Chowdhury Abm

Background and Aims

Assessing the prevalence of hypertension and associated determinants in riverine island populations is crucial due to their unique socio-environmental characteristics and restricted healthcare access, which increase sensitivity to hypertension-related problems and should lead targeted interventions. So, this study investigates the concerning issue of hypertension, focusing on its prevalence and influential factors among adults in Sirajganj's Riverine Island.

Methods

By employing a cross-sectional approach, the research utilized a structured questionnaire. A total of 309 people took part in this study via face-to-face interviews by following convenience sampling technique. The investigators performed frequency analysis for getting prevalence of HTN and other variable's percentage and binary logistic regression analysis for getting associated determinants. Analysis was conducted by using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25.

Results

The prevalence of hypertension was 41% among all individuals. People who were illiterate were 1.23 times more hypertensive. Some key risk factors were discovered, including smoking (p = 0.04), adding salt to meals (p < 0.001), eating fatty or fat-type foods (p < 0.001), sleeping late (p < 0.001), worrying about their lifestyle and future (p < 0.001), and not exercising (p = 0.03). Males were 1.43 times more hypertensive (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.17−2.0, p = 0.002) than females. Smokers were 4.21 times more hypertensive (AOR = 4.21, 95% CI: 1.12−17.13, p = 0.04) than nonsmokers. Consumers oil/fat with food were 2.18 times more hypertensive (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.78−2.54, p < 0.001) than others. Respondents who were worried about their lifestyle and future were 3.38 times more hypertensive (AOR = 3.38, 95% CI: 1.27−6.01, p = 0.001) than others.

Conclusion

People should consume a healthy diet and refrain from smoking. Regular physical activity and going to bed early are recommended. Medical camps and workshops should be held on riverine islands to promote a healthy lifestyle and prevent hypertension.

{"title":"Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Determinants Among Adult People Living in Riverine Island, Sirajganj, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Safayet Jamil,&nbsp;Mohammad Shahangir Biswas,&nbsp;Habib Mohammad Ali,&nbsp;Neeru Chaudhary,&nbsp;Chandrima Chatterjee,&nbsp;Md. Emdadul Hasan Mukul,&nbsp;Victor Abiola Adepoju,&nbsp;Alauddin Chowdhury Abm","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70527","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assessing the prevalence of hypertension and associated determinants in riverine island populations is crucial due to their unique socio-environmental characteristics and restricted healthcare access, which increase sensitivity to hypertension-related problems and should lead targeted interventions. So, this study investigates the concerning issue of hypertension, focusing on its prevalence and influential factors among adults in Sirajganj's Riverine Island.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By employing a cross-sectional approach, the research utilized a structured questionnaire. A total of 309 people took part in this study via face-to-face interviews by following convenience sampling technique. The investigators performed frequency analysis for getting prevalence of HTN and other variable's percentage and binary logistic regression analysis for getting associated determinants. Analysis was conducted by using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of hypertension was 41% among all individuals. People who were illiterate were 1.23 times more hypertensive. Some key risk factors were discovered, including smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.04), adding salt to meals (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), eating fatty or fat-type foods (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), sleeping late (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), worrying about their lifestyle and future (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and not exercising (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Males were 1.43 times more hypertensive (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.17−2.0, <i>p</i> = 0.002) than females. Smokers were 4.21 times more hypertensive (AOR = 4.21, 95% CI: 1.12−17.13, <i>p</i> = 0.04) than nonsmokers. Consumers oil/fat with food were 2.18 times more hypertensive (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.78−2.54, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) than others. Respondents who were worried about their lifestyle and future were 3.38 times more hypertensive (AOR = 3.38, 95% CI: 1.27−6.01, <i>p</i> = 0.001) than others.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People should consume a healthy diet and refrain from smoking. Regular physical activity and going to bed early are recommended. Medical camps and workshops should be held on riverine islands to promote a healthy lifestyle and prevent hypertension.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70527","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutritional Diet Knowledge and Barriers to Dietary Recommendations Adherence Among Diabetic Patients in Central Region, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70510
Margaret Atuahene, Frank Quarshie, Philip N. Gorleku, Rahmat Taylor, Maurice O. Gorleku, Daniel Eshun, Martin O. Asante, Francis K. Nyasem, Joseph Otchere

Background and Aim

Diabetes mellitus (DM) presents significant health risks due to elevated blood sugar levels, necessitating adherence to dietary recommendations for effective management. However, diabetic patients often encounter barriers hindering their adherence to dietary guidelines. This study sought to investigate the determinants of good nutritional diet knowledge and adherence to dietary recommendations beyond the barriers faced by diabetic patients in Ghana.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional prospective study that collected data using a tested and structured questionnaire from 100 diabetic patients from January 2024 to June 2024. Data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS (version 26). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between dependent and independent variables. Statistical significance was set at a p-value ≤ 0.05.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 56.97 ± 11.98 years. Overall, about 74.44% had good nutritional diet knowledge. Being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.41–0.83]), and having complete tertiary education (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI = 0.96–3.82) were the factors associated with good nutritional diet knowledge. About 39% stopped their dietary plan without informing their doctor, and 60% stopped when they felt their condition was under control. The overall adherence to dietary recommendations was poor as only 48% adhered to the recommendations. Being female (AOR = 0.83, 95% CI = [0.49–2.11]), being 75 years or older (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 0.99–4.14), and having good nutritional knowledge (AOR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.61–4.16) were the factors associated with good adherence to dietary recommendation.

Conclusion

The participants had good nutritional diet knowledge but poor adherence to dietary recommendations. Being female and having completed tertiary education were the determinants of good nutritional diet knowledge while being female, being 75 years or older, and having good nutritional knowledge were the factors associated with good adherence. The leading adherence barriers were the discomforts associated with cooking meals that meet their dietary requirements, dietary restrictions, and financial difficulties.

{"title":"Nutritional Diet Knowledge and Barriers to Dietary Recommendations Adherence Among Diabetic Patients in Central Region, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Margaret Atuahene,&nbsp;Frank Quarshie,&nbsp;Philip N. Gorleku,&nbsp;Rahmat Taylor,&nbsp;Maurice O. Gorleku,&nbsp;Daniel Eshun,&nbsp;Martin O. Asante,&nbsp;Francis K. Nyasem,&nbsp;Joseph Otchere","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70510","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) presents significant health risks due to elevated blood sugar levels, necessitating adherence to dietary recommendations for effective management. However, diabetic patients often encounter barriers hindering their adherence to dietary guidelines. This study sought to investigate the determinants of good nutritional diet knowledge and adherence to dietary recommendations beyond the barriers faced by diabetic patients in Ghana.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a cross-sectional prospective study that collected data using a tested and structured questionnaire from 100 diabetic patients from January 2024 to June 2024. Data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS (version 26). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between dependent and independent variables. Statistical significance was set at a <i>p</i>-value ≤ 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the participants was 56.97 ± 11.98 years. Overall, about 74.44% had good nutritional diet knowledge. Being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.41–0.83]), and having complete tertiary education (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI = 0.96–3.82) were the factors associated with good nutritional diet knowledge. About 39% stopped their dietary plan without informing their doctor, and 60% stopped when they felt their condition was under control. The overall adherence to dietary recommendations was poor as only 48% adhered to the recommendations. Being female (AOR = 0.83, 95% CI = [0.49–2.11]), being 75 years or older (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 0.99–4.14), and having good nutritional knowledge (AOR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.61–4.16) were the factors associated with good adherence to dietary recommendation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The participants had good nutritional diet knowledge but poor adherence to dietary recommendations. Being female and having completed tertiary education were the determinants of good nutritional diet knowledge while being female, being 75 years or older, and having good nutritional knowledge were the factors associated with good adherence. The leading adherence barriers were the discomforts associated with cooking meals that meet their dietary requirements, dietary restrictions, and financial difficulties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bridging the Gap: The Role of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Diabetic Retinopathy Associated With Obstructive Sleep Apnea–A Perspective
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70502
Sadia Ayoub, Hira Tanweer, Hafiza Aiman Javaid, Minahil Nasreen Khan, Shahzaib Ahmed, Mohammed Mahmmoud Fadelallah Eljack

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent, yet under-diagnosed sleep disorder and has a strong association with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Vascular abnormalities, nocturnal glucose dysregulation, impaired blood flow, and hypoxia during OSA induce oxidative stress and promote the inflammatory pathways which increase the VEGF factor levels, leading to the progression of DR.

Aims

To date, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most effective, gold-standard treatment for patients with moderate to severe OSA. However, the implications of CPAP for the treatment of DR due to OSA is still a topic of ongoing debate.

Conclusion

Evidence suggests that the administration of CPAP therapy led to a reduction in retinal exudates and optical coherence tomography indices for retinal edema and also exhibited improvement in glycemic control, sleepiness, and overall health-related quality of life. Nevertheless, there are limited studies present that have evaluated the impact of CPAP therapy on DR in patients with OSA and well-designed studies are needed to confirm CPAP's therapeutic effect on DR despite these findings. Moreover, concerns regarding its long-term safety, adherence challenges, and inconsistent study designs limit definitive conclusions about CPAP's efficacy in managing DR. This indicates the need for future studies to advocate for enhanced CPAP adherence strategies, refined diagnostic criteria for OSA, and large-scale clinical trials to explore CPAP's therapeutic role in DR. Addressing these challenges could revolutionize clinical practices, optimize patient outcomes, and establish CPAP as a cornerstone in the integrated management of OSA and DR.

背景阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是一种发病率很高但诊断不足的睡眠障碍,与 2 型糖尿病和糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)密切相关。OSA 期间的血管异常、夜间血糖失调、血流受损和缺氧会诱发氧化应激,促进炎症通路,从而增加血管内皮生长因子因子水平,导致 DR 的进展。 目的 迄今为止,持续气道正压(CPAP)是治疗中重度 OSA 患者最有效的金标准疗法。然而,CPAP 对治疗 OSA 引起的 DR 的意义仍是一个争论不休的话题。 结论 有证据表明,使用 CPAP 治疗可减少视网膜渗出和视网膜水肿的光学相干断层扫描指数,还可改善血糖控制、嗜睡和整体健康相关生活质量。然而,目前评估 CPAP 治疗对 OSA 患者的 DR 影响的研究还很有限,尽管有这些发现,但仍需要设计良好的研究来证实 CPAP 对 DR 的治疗效果。此外,有关 CPAP 的长期安全性、依从性方面的挑战以及不一致的研究设计等问题也限制了 CPAP 对 DR 疗效的最终结论。这表明,未来的研究需要倡导加强 CPAP 的坚持策略、完善 OSA 的诊断标准,以及开展大规模临床试验来探索 CPAP 对 DR 的治疗作用。应对这些挑战可以彻底改变临床实践,优化患者疗效,并将 CPAP 确立为 OSA 和 DR 综合管理的基石。
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引用次数: 0
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents and Tracheal Intubation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effects on Laryngeal Complications and Intubating Conditions
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70483
Wanhong Li, Zhongyuan Lin, Fen Li, Kecheng Huang, Yunling Dou, Jieyu Fang

Background and Aims

The use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in tracheal intubation is widely accepted in anesthetic induction, but adverse effects are possible. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare influence of use and nonuse of NMBAs on incidence of laryngeal complications and intubating conditions in surgical patients.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials comparing use of NMBAs with either placebo or no treatment for oral tracheal intubation in adult patients under general anesthesia. Studies were evaluated using a risk-of-bias assessment. We conducted random-effects or fixed-effects meta-analyses on extracted data and calculated risk ratio (RR), risk difference (RD), and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Nine trials with 1176 participants were included. Incidence of postoperative sore throat or hoarseness did not differ between groups receiving and not receiving NMBAs at 24 h (RR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.96–1.46; I2 = 45%), 48 h (RR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.46–1.52; I2 = 42%), or 72 h (RD: −0.00; 95% CI: −0.08 to 0.07; I2 = 59%). Compared with use of NMBAs, induction without NMBAs reduced the occurrence of acceptable intubating conditions (RR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.67–0.94; I2 = 92%) and with increased risk for poor intubating conditions (RR: 4.77; 95% CI: 3.20–7.10; I2 = 0%). The pharmacological interventions for hemodynamic changes after intubation did not differ significantly between the NMBAs and non-NMBAs groups (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.53–1.95; I2 = 78%).

Conclusion

Endotracheal intubation without NMBAs does not increase the incidence of postoperative hoarseness or sore throat in adult surgical patients, which may be considered as a safe and effective technique of anesthesia induction. Although NMBAs use was associated with acceptable intubating conditions and reduced risk for poor intubation conditions.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42021284813

{"title":"Neuromuscular Blocking Agents and Tracheal Intubation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effects on Laryngeal Complications and Intubating Conditions","authors":"Wanhong Li,&nbsp;Zhongyuan Lin,&nbsp;Fen Li,&nbsp;Kecheng Huang,&nbsp;Yunling Dou,&nbsp;Jieyu Fang","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70483","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) in tracheal intubation is widely accepted in anesthetic induction, but adverse effects are possible. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare influence of use and nonuse of NMBAs on incidence of laryngeal complications and intubating conditions in surgical patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials comparing use of NMBAs with either placebo or no treatment for oral tracheal intubation in adult patients under general anesthesia. Studies were evaluated using a risk-of-bias assessment. We conducted random-effects or fixed-effects meta-analyses on extracted data and calculated risk ratio (RR), risk difference (RD), and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine trials with 1176 participants were included. Incidence of postoperative sore throat or hoarseness did not differ between groups receiving and not receiving NMBAs at 24 h (RR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.96–1.46; I<sup>2</sup> = 45%), 48 h (RR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.46–1.52; I<sup>2</sup> = 42%), or 72 h (RD: −0.00; 95% CI: −0.08 to 0.07; I<sup>2</sup> = 59%). Compared with use of NMBAs, induction without NMBAs reduced the occurrence of acceptable intubating conditions (RR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.67–0.94; I<sup>2</sup> = 92%) and with increased risk for poor intubating conditions (RR: 4.77; 95% CI: 3.20–7.10; I<sup>2</sup> = 0%). The pharmacological interventions for hemodynamic changes after intubation did not differ significantly between the NMBAs and non-NMBAs groups (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.53–1.95; I<sup>2</sup> = 78%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endotracheal intubation without NMBAs does not increase the incidence of postoperative hoarseness or sore throat in adult surgical patients, which may be considered as a safe and effective technique of anesthesia induction. Although NMBAs use was associated with acceptable intubating conditions and reduced risk for poor intubation conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PROSPERO CRD42021284813</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Complete Blood Count Parameters in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70488
Mojtaba Aghaei, Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny, Zeynab Deris Zayeri, Nader Davari, Mohammad Mehdi Abolhasani, Najmaldin Saki

Background and Aims

Several studies were performed to evaluate the relationship between CBC and patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this review, we discussed the prognostic value of CBC parameters in DM patients.

Methods

English literature was searched and retrieved from the Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database (1980–2024). “Diabetes mellitus,” “Blood cell count,” “Mean platelet volume,” “Leukocytes,” and “Inflammation” were used as keywords.

Results

DM increases vascular inflammation and oxidative stress, while vascular inflammation affects erythropoiesis and red blood cell deformation, thus increasing red cell distribution width (RDW). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is another useful prognostic biomarker for DM patients. Additionally, elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels are associated with poor glycemic control in T2DM patients, so it can be used as a screening tool in diabetic follow-up.

Conclusion

RDW can be used as a valuable independent biomarker to assess the prognosis of patients with DM. MPV can also be used as a noninvasive, widely available, and low-cost marker as a key factor as well as a Prognostic/diagnostic biomarker that could be used for DM patients. Total white blood cell count, NLR, Mean platelet volume lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR), and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) are valuable biomarkers in predicting DM.

背景和目的 有多项研究评估了 CBC 与糖尿病(DM)患者之间的关系。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了 CBC 参数在 DM 患者中的预后价值。 方法 从谷歌学术搜索引擎和 PubMed 数据库(1980-2024 年)中搜索和检索英文文献。关键词为 "糖尿病"、"血细胞计数"、"平均血小板体积"、"白细胞 "和 "炎症"。 结果 糖尿病会增加血管炎症和氧化应激,而血管炎症会影响红细胞生成和红细胞变形,从而增加红细胞分布宽度(RDW)。血小板平均体积(MPV)是糖尿病患者另一个有用的预后生物标志物。此外,中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR)水平升高与 T2DM 患者血糖控制不佳有关,因此可作为糖尿病随访的筛查工具。 结论 RDW 可作为评估糖尿病患者预后的一个有价值的独立生物标志物。MPV也可以作为一种无创、广泛使用且成本低廉的标记物,作为一种关键因素和预后/诊断生物标记物,可用于DM患者。白细胞总数、NLR、平均血小板体积淋巴细胞比值(MPVLR)和单核细胞与高密度脂蛋白比值(MHR)是预测糖尿病的重要生物标志物。
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Health Science Reports
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