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Leak Detection using Non-Intrusive Ultrasonic Water Flowmeter Sensor in Water Distribution Networks 非侵入式超声波水流量计传感器在配水管网中的泄漏检测
A. M. Shiddiqi, Muhammad Baihaqi, Atar Babgei
In the current revolution industry era, water is a must for everyone. For water to be available every time, there must be a mechanism for transporting water from one place to another. A water leak is a common problem when transporting water. Based on research in 2018 in Australia, it is estimated that 12% water is lost due to leakage. In some developing countries, the water loss rate can be higher. To find out the location of leakage, monitor about the habit of the system is needed. The common features used to locate leaks are water flow and pressure. Flow is more preferable feature to monitor due to its resistance to interference than pressure. For this purpose, an accurate and practical flow sensor is the Ultrasonic Water Flowmeter TUF-2000. This sensor can obtain a data stream containing water flow data in a pipe. We used the Local Outlier Factor (LOF) Algorithm to detect flow anomalies. The location of the anomaly also can be estimated based on sensor location. Our method can accurately detect sudden flow changes suspected of leak signatures. However, the challenge is the evolutionary flow changes due to small leaks, as this type of leak could result in the evolving outlier detection model.
在当今工业革命时代,水是每个人的必需品。为了保证每次都能获得水,必须有一种将水从一个地方输送到另一个地方的机制。在输水时漏水是一个常见的问题。根据2018年澳大利亚的一项研究,估计有12%的水因泄漏而损失。在一些发展中国家,失水率可能更高。为了找出泄漏的位置,需要对系统的工作习惯进行监测。用于定位泄漏的常用特征是水流和压力。由于流量比压力具有更强的抗干扰性,因此流量是更适合监测的特征。为此,一个准确和实用的流量传感器是超声波水流量计TUF-2000。该传感器可以获得包含管道中水流数据的数据流。我们使用局部离群因子(LOF)算法来检测流量异常。还可以根据传感器位置估计异常的位置。该方法可以准确地检测到疑似泄漏信号的突然流量变化。然而,挑战在于由于小泄漏而导致的流量变化,因为这种类型的泄漏可能导致离群值检测模型的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Optimizer on Convolutional Neural Network and Color Representation on Data for Face Presentation Attack Detection 基于卷积神经网络的优化器与基于数据颜色表示的人脸攻击检测比较
Nur Aisyah Nadiyah, A. Nugroho
Face recognitions have been used for various activities, especially for online verification and security. Face recognition system is a simple biometric, however it is more vulnerable than other biometrics because human face is easy to be manipulated. Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) system is one of methods for detecting attacks on face recognition system. In this paper, we propose a method for FAS by analyzing the image texture from OULU-NPU database using Local Binary Pattern (LBP) method with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as classifier. Our focus is on comparing optimizer on CNN and color representation on the data. The purpose is to find the best optimizer on CNN and the best color representation for FAS system. The FAS model is trained by half of the data from OULU-NPU database which is set in several color representations. The CNN is also set in several optimizers such as Adam, SGD, Adagrad, and RMSprop. The model that is trained in 50 epochs using HSV images with SGD optimizer achieves the best accuracy of 0.99 and area under curve (AUC) of 0.98 among 32 models. From the experiments, it was found that RMSprop optimizer was not suitable for this research.
人脸识别已用于各种活动,特别是在线验证和安全。人脸识别系统是一种简单的生物识别技术,但由于人脸容易被操纵,它比其他生物识别技术更容易受到攻击。人脸反欺骗(FAS)系统是检测人脸识别系统攻击的方法之一。本文以卷积神经网络(CNN)为分类器,采用局部二值模式(LBP)方法对来自OULU-NPU数据库的图像纹理进行分析,提出了一种FAS方法。我们的重点是比较CNN上的优化器和数据上的颜色表示。目的是寻找CNN上的最佳优化器和FAS系统的最佳颜色表示。FAS模型由来自OULU-NPU数据库的一半数据训练而成,这些数据被设置成几种颜色表示。CNN也设置在几个优化器中,如Adam、SGD、Adagrad和RMSprop。使用SGD优化器对HSV图像进行50次epoch训练的模型在32个模型中获得了最好的精度0.99,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.98。从实验中发现,RMSprop优化器并不适合本研究。
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引用次数: 0
QoS Analysis of Site-to-Site VPN and Its Integration Potential for Securing Communication on Electric Vehicles 站点到站点VPN的QoS分析及其在电动汽车通信安全中的集成潜力
Arief Indriarto Haris, Rd. Angga Ferianda, A. Basuki
Today, one of the challenges and hot issues related to Electric Vehicles (EV) is communication security, especially in the exchange of sensitive information on EVs. Virtual Private Network (VPN) is present as an alternative for those who need a communication network with reliable connectivity and security. VPNs have different types of protocols, some of which are Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) and Ethernet over IP (EoIP) combined with IPSec (EoIP/IPSec). The purpose of this study aimed to analyze and compare the Quality of Service (QoS) generated by PPTP and EoIP/IPSec, then see the potential for integration of the combination between EoIP and IPSec as an effort of securing communications on EVs. QoS measurements were carried out using the TIPHON standard whose parameters consist of delay, jitter, packet loss, and throughput, as well as additional parameters such as CPU consumption and network security review. Throughput testing on the VPN client side was also carried out. The results of this study indicate that the combination of EoIP and IPSec, both in terms of performance and security, is possible and has the potential to be integrated into EVs.
当前,与电动汽车相关的挑战和热点问题之一是通信安全,特别是在电动汽车敏感信息的交换中。虚拟专用网(VPN)是为那些需要具有可靠连接和安全性的通信网络的人提供的一种选择。vpn有不同类型的协议,其中一些是点对点隧道协议(PPTP)和IP以太网与IPSec (EoIP/IPSec)。本研究的目的是分析和比较PPTP和EoIP/IPSec产生的服务质量(QoS),然后看到EoIP和IPSec之间结合的潜力,以确保电动汽车上的通信安全。使用TIPHON标准进行QoS测量,其参数包括延迟、抖动、数据包丢失和吞吐量,以及CPU消耗和网络安全审查等附加参数。还对VPN客户端进行了吞吐量测试。本研究结果表明,无论是在性能还是安全性方面,EoIP和IPSec的结合都是可能的,并且具有集成到电动汽车中的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of Workflow Engine on BRIN HPC Infrastructure 工作流引擎在BRIN高性能计算基础架构上的实现
Ihsan Nugraha, Inna Syafarina, I. Cartealy, Anis Hayati, Maulida Mazaya, S. Iryanto
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)- Indonesia, hosts high performance computing (HPC) facilities to support research and innovation that need high computation resources. One example of a research area is bioinformatics. As sequencing technology advances, any lab with next generation sequencing (NGS) access can generate a huge amount of data in a very short time. However, the difficulties then have shifted to the data analysis step that follows. It usually requires significant computation resources, many specific tools that need to be chained together, and man resources that are familiar with command line syntax. In addition, the chaining of multiple tools into a comprehensive workflow is also difficult since one needs to understand both the computer system administration and biological information related to the problems they try to answer. These hinder the biologist to take advantage of sequencing technology for their research. In this technical report, we described our approaches to integrate Galaxy and BRIN HPC, to ease users to deploy their analysis workflow on BRIN HPC facility.
国家研究与创新局(BRIN)——印度尼西亚,拥有高性能计算(HPC)设施,以支持需要高计算资源的研究和创新。研究领域的一个例子是生物信息学。随着测序技术的进步,任何具有下一代测序(NGS)访问权限的实验室都可以在很短的时间内生成大量数据。然而,困难已经转移到接下来的数据分析步骤。它通常需要大量的计算资源,许多需要链接在一起的特定工具,以及熟悉命令行语法的人力资源。此外,将多个工具链接到一个全面的工作流程中也很困难,因为人们需要了解与他们试图回答的问题相关的计算机系统管理和生物信息。这些都阻碍了生物学家利用测序技术进行研究。在这份技术报告中,我们描述了我们整合Galaxy和BRIN HPC的方法,以方便用户在BRIN HPC设施上部署他们的分析工作流程。
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引用次数: 0
Strategic Policy Model of Wind Turbine Power Quality Control System Using Lookup Table in Remote Area 基于查找表的偏远地区风力发电质量控制系统策略模型
Soedibyo, Avian Lukman Setya Budi, M. Ashari, D. Riawan
It is common that wind turbine system needs a voltage stability control algorithm to regulate the output so that the voltage remains stable so that changes that occur in the current can also be minimized. The lookup table is proven as one of the stability methods that is quite often used, especially in the electronics field, and from the previous results, voltage lookup table make the accurate result in voltage stability from the wind turbine. When the voltage set higher exceeding the wind turbine capability, the voltage will remain at maximum point obtained, giving higher power result. The purpose of this paper is to explain strategic policy model for the design of the voltage stabilizer for wind turbine using voltage lookup table. Remote areas, such as remote islands, often offer higher wind speed ratio per time. By the means, that the basic standard is quite different from the normal conditions in previous results. Strategic policy model had to be developed for the remote area condition. In the strategic policy model, there are several differences, such as current and voltage basis that increased slightly. From the result, it is proven that policy model is needed for better scheme and control due to correct calculation and placement.
风力涡轮机系统通常需要电压稳定控制算法来调节输出,使电压保持稳定,从而使电流发生的变化也可以最小化。电压查找表被证明是一种非常常用的稳定性方法,特别是在电子领域,从以前的结果来看,电压查找表可以准确地得到风力发电机电压稳定性的结果。当设定的电压高于风力机的能力时,电压将保持在所获得的最大值,从而获得更高的功率。本文的目的是利用电压查找表解释风电机组稳压器设计的策略策略模型。偏远地区,如偏远岛屿,每次风速比通常较高。通过这种方式,表明基本标准与以往结果中的正常条件有很大的不同。必须针对偏远地区的情况制定战略政策模式。在战略政策模型中,有几个不同之处,如电流和电压基础略有增加。结果表明,通过正确的计算和布局,需要建立策略模型来实现更好的方案和控制。
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引用次数: 0
The Design of 1/10 Scale Model for Autonomous Electric Vehicle Dynamic Testing 自动驾驶电动汽车动态测试1/10模型设计
Mochamad Adityo Rachmadi, Galuh Prihantoro, T. Nugroho, D. Cahya, Heru Taufiqurrohman, Zaid Cahya
In designing an autonomous electric vehicle control system, a model representing the actual system could provide convenience to the research object because the design can focus only on the area that needs to be researched. However, it is necessary to know the dynamic characteristics of the scaled model, which is used as a reference in designing motion control in autonomous vehicles, especially when braking. Most researchers use low-cost mathematical modelling to test the dynamic reaction of the vehicle during braking. However, it might not fully show real-world responses, so using scaled models is expected to bridge the problem. Testing was carried out on a vehicle model with a scale of 1:10, which focused on stability during its braking. As a result, braking comfort is obtained with a deceleration value below 2.94 m/s2, a stopping time of more than 1.3 s and a stopping distance not exceeding from 200 cm. These results can be adopted as a guideline for the motion control design in the autonomous electric vehicles model.
在自动驾驶电动汽车控制系统的设计中,一个代表实际系统的模型可以为研究对象提供方便,因为设计可以只关注需要研究的领域。然而,有必要了解比例模型的动态特性,这将作为自动驾驶汽车运动控制设计的参考,特别是在制动时。大多数研究人员使用低成本的数学模型来测试车辆在制动过程中的动态反应。然而,它可能不能完全显示现实世界的反应,所以使用比例模型有望解决这个问题。测试以1:10的比例在车辆模型上进行,重点是在制动过程中的稳定性。因此,在减速度值低于2.94 m/s2,停车时间大于1.3 s,停车距离不超过200 cm的情况下,获得了制动舒适性。这些结果可以作为自主电动汽车模型运动控制设计的指导。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Migration From Imperfect Relational Database To Resource Description Framework 从不完美关系数据库到资源描述框架的自动迁移
D. Wardani, Maulia Harjono
The existing data on the web is growing increasingly diverse and extensive. Unfortunately, most of the current data is not semantic web friendly. The relational database (RDB) is considered one of the most popular structured data models. This work aims to automatically migrate from an imperfect RDB to a resource description framework (RDF). This issue has been ignored by previous work. Imperfectness means the lack of constraints in RDB. We attempt to construct an algorithm to migrate the RDB (including imperfect ones) to RDF. Results and evaluation showed that the proposed algorithm has succeeded in finding the relationship in RDB and migrating the RDB to RDF.
网络上现有的数据越来越多样化和广泛。不幸的是,目前大多数数据都不是语义web友好的。关系数据库(RDB)被认为是最流行的结构化数据模型之一。这项工作旨在从不完美的RDB自动迁移到资源描述框架(RDF)。这个问题在以前的工作中被忽略了。不完美意味着RDB中缺乏约束。我们试图构建一种将RDB(包括不完善的RDB)迁移到RDF的算法。结果和评价表明,该算法成功地找到了RDB中的关系,并将RDB迁移到RDF。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of Road Segmentation Using U-Net Model on Single Board Computer 用U-Net模型在单板计算机上实现道路分割
E. Prakasa, Dary Zhafran, Dwi Astharini
Technological developments in the era of globalization, several companies are competing in the field of artificial intelligence by developing autonomous drive systems. Training and road segmentation testing in this study were carried out using deep learning with the U-Net architecture method. The advantage of this method over other methods is that U-Net retains the full context of the input image. The road segmentation algorithm is implemented using Python programming. The algorithm is then executed on a single board computer. The parameters sought are the first accuracy with a value of 91.65 %, the second precision with a value of 75.53 %, the third recall with a value of 93.19 %, the fourth F1-Score with a value of 82.99 %, and the last IOU with a value of 71.36 %. The live segmentation algorithm can still detect roads, but some scenes involving objects are not included in the road segmentation process. This is due to several factors such as confusing light conditions, blur, shadows, and colors. Live segmentation using RGB frame produces an average FPS value of 0.30, and without RGB produces an average FPS value of 1.82.
全球化时代的技术发展,几家公司通过开发自动驾驶系统在人工智能领域展开竞争。本研究使用U-Net架构方法进行深度学习训练和道路分割测试。与其他方法相比,这种方法的优点是U-Net保留了输入图像的完整上下文。道路分割算法使用Python编程实现。然后在单板计算机上执行该算法。所寻求的参数为第一个精度为91.65%,第二个精度为75.53%,第三个召回率为93.19%,第四个F1-Score值为82.99%,最后一个IOU值为71.36%。实时分割算法仍然可以检测到道路,但在道路分割过程中不包括一些涉及物体的场景。这是由于几个因素造成的,比如光线条件、模糊、阴影和颜色。使用RGB帧的实时分割产生的平均FPS值为0.30,而没有RGB帧产生的平均FPS值为1.82。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensors on Data Channel of Fiber Optic Communication (FOC) System 光纤光栅(FBG)传感器对光纤通信(FOC)系统数据通道的影响
M. Firdaus, D. K. Wibowo, M. Hamidah, Ryan Prasetya Utama, Mustika Fitriana Dewi, Mohammad Hamdani, L. Setianingrum, S. Rahardjo, Michael Andreas Purwoadi, Edhi Purnomo
The advantages of optical fiber sensors, including fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensors, e.g. greater sensitivity, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI), versatility, reliability, compatibility to optical communication and telemetry, reduced cost, reduced size, and reduced weight have been very well known. In particular, the FBG sensors have been widely utilized in many fields such as in structural health monitoring, oil and gas, civil industry, medical and space equipment. In this paper we develop a model of FBG sensors embedded fiber optic communication (FOC) system by using OptiSystem v.18. The bit error rate (BER) and Q-factor analysis as results of the effect of two FBG sensors on telecommunication channels, in which the sensors are integrated into a single fiber optic communication (FOC) with 80 km of fiber optic length. The results show that even with 2 sensors embedded in FOC system, the min BER and max Q factor of the system are still in good conditions with values of 4.35x 10-7 and 4.87 respectively.
光纤传感器,包括光纤光栅(FBG)传感器的优点,例如更高的灵敏度,抗电磁干扰(EMI)和射频干扰(RFI),多功能性,可靠性,对光通信和遥测的兼容性,降低成本,减小尺寸和减轻重量已经非常众所周知。特别是光纤光栅传感器在结构健康监测、石油天然气、民用工业、医疗和航天设备等领域得到了广泛的应用。本文利用OptiSystem v.18开发了FBG传感器嵌入式光纤通信系统模型。将两个光纤光栅传感器集成到一个光纤长度为80 km的单光纤通信(FOC)中,对通信信道的误码率(BER)和q因子进行了分析。结果表明,即使在FOC系统中嵌入2个传感器,系统的最小误码率和最大Q因子仍然处于良好状态,分别为4.35 × 10-7和4.87。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Driver Drowsiness Based on Eye and Mouth Movements Using Convolutional Neural Networks 基于口眼运动的卷积神经网络驾驶员睡意检测
Budiarianto Suyo Kusumo, Siwi Oktaviana, W. Sulandari, A. Heryana, R. S. Yuwana, Endang Suryawati, A. R. Yuliani, H. Pardede
The Increasing of road mobility triggers the increasing of the number of traffic accidents. One of the main factors of the accidents is human errors which are heavily influenced by the driver conditions. Fatigue, drowsiness, and loss of concentration are among the common driver conditions that could cause traffic accident in addition to high-speed driving behavior. This could be minimized if early warning systems of driver conditions existed. This research aims to develop an early detection system for driver conditions using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method. Here, we investigate the effect of the depth of CNN and other hyper-parameters and observe their performance. We used eye movements and mouth conditions to be an indicator driver conditions. We evaluate the method using public dataset that contains image data of drivers on the highway in a state of yawning, not yawning, eyes open, and eyes closed. The experiment showed the best parameters with a learning rate of 0.001 and an epoch of 100. The resulting accuracy reached 99.31%.
道路机动性的增加引发了交通事故数量的增加。人为失误是造成交通事故的主要原因之一,而人为失误在很大程度上受驾驶员状况的影响。疲劳、困倦和注意力不集中是除高速驾驶行为外,可能导致交通事故的常见驾驶员状况。如果有驾驶员状况的早期预警系统,这种情况可以最小化。本次研究的目的是利用卷积神经网络(CNN)方法开发驾驶员状态的早期检测系统。在这里,我们研究了CNN深度和其他超参数的影响,并观察了它们的性能。我们用眼动和嘴的情况作为指示驱动条件。我们使用公共数据集来评估该方法,该数据集包含高速公路上驾驶员在打哈欠、不打哈欠、睁眼和闭眼状态下的图像数据。实验表明,最佳参数为学习率为0.001,历元为100。结果准确率达到99.31%。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Computer, Control, Informatics and Its Applications
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