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Fifteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances (Cat. No.00TH8490)最新文献

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New lithium oxyhalide reserve battery technology 新型氧化卤化锂备用电池技术
S. McKay, M. Peabody, J. Brazzell
A high power, light weight lithium oxyhalide reserve battery has been developed for the Theater High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile program under sponsorship of the Atmospheric Interceptor Technology (AIT) program. This battery has two electrically isolated sections composed of 8 and 9 cells combined in series to provide required power when operating between 24.0 volts and 34.5 volts. One section provides 400 watts average power, while the other section provides a highly varied load that averages 200 watts. The battery has proven itself capable of sustaining this level of loading in excess of 360 seconds in environmental conditions ranging from -20/spl deg/C to 55/spl deg/C. This battery completed qualification to the requirements of the THAAD KV Battery Specification on August 25, 1999.
在大气拦截技术(AIT)计划的赞助下,为战区高空区域防御(THAAD)导弹计划开发了一种高功率、轻重量的氧化卤化锂备用电池。这种电池有两个电隔离部分,由8个和9个电池串联组成,在24.0伏特和34.5伏特之间工作时提供所需的电力。一部分提供平均400瓦的功率,而另一部分提供平均200瓦的高度变化的负载。该电池已被证明能够在-20至55 spl°C的环境条件下维持这种水平的负载超过360秒。该电池于1999年8月25日完成了萨德千伏电池规范要求的鉴定。
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引用次数: 0
Historical pathways for fuel cells. The new electric century 燃料电池的历史路径。新电气世纪
P. Grimes
With the turn of the century, we are entering a new era of personal electricity. It will be created at our command to power our cars, our homes and apartments. Electricity will be the response to the drivers of: environmental factors, toxic emissions and greenhouse gases, improved efficiency, decentralization. But telecommunication, Internet and satellites increasingly globally tie people together. Fuel cells and batteries are the principle systems to develop this age of personal electricity. History of the pathways of fuel cells will help guide the development of the present and the future electrical systems.
随着世纪之交,我们正在进入一个个人用电的新时代。它将在我们的命令下被创造出来,为我们的汽车、我们的家庭和公寓提供动力。电力将是对以下驱动因素的回应:环境因素、有毒排放和温室气体、提高效率、权力下放。但电信、互联网和卫星日益在全球范围内将人们联系在一起。燃料电池和电池是发展这个个人用电时代的主要系统。燃料电池发展路径的历史将有助于指导当前和未来电力系统的发展。
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引用次数: 11
Some functional aspects of gas recombining catalysts in VRLA cells VRLA电池中气体重组催化剂的一些功能方面
T. Noveske, S. Misra, S. Mráz, J. D. Dillon
This paper discusses aspects of gas recombination by precious metal catalysts and their role in valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries. It describes a test method to determine catalyst efficiency, that is the percentage of hydrogen and oxygen that is recombined to form water. Testing is not only an important quality control tool but is also necessary to verify the integrity of the catalyst in its surroundings and to determine its limitations in varying operating environments.
本文讨论了贵金属催化剂在阀控铅酸电池中气体复合的几个方面及其作用。它描述了一种测定催化剂效率的测试方法,即氢和氧重新结合形成水的百分比。测试不仅是一种重要的质量控制工具,而且也是验证催化剂在其周围环境中的完整性和确定其在不同操作环境中的局限性所必需的。
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引用次数: 1
A comparison of electrode manufacturing techniques for aerospace alkaline cells 航天碱性电池电极制造技术的比较
D. Pickett
At the beginning of the space program electrodes for alkaline batteries used in space exploration were derivatives from industrial processes. Later on, electrodes were developed which were specific to space applications and had improved performance in terms of longer life, higher rate performance and lighter weight. Some of the electrode developments have been spun-off into aircraft and specialized industrial applications. Since this time the industrial processes have improved to the point of being somewhat comparable to the ones developed for aerospace. Development of new alkaline battery electrodes is continuing, but overall development priorities have been shifted toward electrodes for nonaqueous lithium-ion systems because of their high specific energy, smaller volume and higher voltage per cell. The following electrodes are discussed: nickel oxide electrodes, cadmium electrodes, hydrogen catalyst electrodes and zinc electrodes.
在太空计划开始时,用于太空探索的碱性电池电极是工业过程的衍生物。后来,专门用于空间应用的电极被开发出来,并在更长的寿命、更高的速率性能和更轻的重量方面提高了性能。一些电极的发展已经衍生到飞机和专门的工业应用中。从那时起,工业过程已经改进到某种程度上可以与航空航天开发的过程相媲美。新型碱性电池电极的开发仍在继续,但总体开发重点已转向非水锂离子系统电极,因为它们具有高比能、更小的体积和更高的电压。讨论了以下电极:氧化镍电极、镉电极、氢催化剂电极和锌电极。
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引用次数: 0
Lab testing of battery charge management systems for electric and hybrid electric vehicle battery packs to evaluate cycle life improvement 对电动和混合动力汽车电池组的电池充电管理系统进行实验室测试,以评估循环寿命的改善
R. Macdougall, J. D. Bertolino, K. Rodden, E. Alger
A project was undertaken to evaluate the benefits of battery charge management systems to control charge and provide equalization to high voltage series-strings of valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) batteries. The goal of the project was to compare the resulting cycle life of charge managed packs to nonmanaged (control) packs. Project results indicated some benefit with use of battery charge management systems and the enormous influence of the charge algorithm applied to the batteries. This paper summarizes the project results, including a description of the test methodology and the battery charge management systems.
本项目旨在评估电池充电管理系统对高压阀控铅酸蓄电池(VRLA)充电控制和均衡的效益。该项目的目的是比较充电管理包与非管理(控制)包的循环寿命。项目结果表明,电池充电管理系统的应用带来了一定的效益,充电算法对电池的应用产生了巨大的影响。本文总结了项目成果,包括对测试方法和电池充电管理系统的描述。
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引用次数: 6
The relationship between lignin expander structure and performance in lead-acid batteries 铅酸电池中木质素膨胀剂结构与性能的关系
B. O. Myrvold
Eight lignin expanders have been characterized by chemical analysis and function as battery expanders. 11 chemical parameters and 14 performance parameters were used in this study. There seems to be no simple linear relationship between expander composition and electrical performance. For cycle life time there might be an optimum at around one carbinyl function per ten monomers. The type of lignin seems to be a very important factor, and few correlations hold across different types of lignin.
通过化学分析对8种木质素膨胀剂进行了表征,并对其进行了电池膨胀。本研究使用了11个化学参数和14个性能参数。膨胀剂成分和电性能之间似乎没有简单的线性关系。对于循环寿命而言,每10个单体中约有一个羰基函数可能是最优的。木质素的类型似乎是一个非常重要的因素,并且在不同类型的木质素之间几乎没有相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of two paste additives on cell performance 两种膏体添加剂对电池性能的影响
D. Edwards, T. Dayton
In this paper, the authors investigate the effect that two different positive paste additives have on cell performance. They develop models for cells having plates with paste containing these additives as well as plates without any additives. In this manner, one can make theoretical comparisons between the performance of cells with and without additives. The results of their model simulations are compared with experimental data. They find that the positive paste additives can be used to improve performance.
在本文中,作者研究了两种不同的正极浆料添加剂对电池性能的影响。他们开发了细胞模型,包括含有这些添加剂的培养皿和不含任何添加剂的培养皿。通过这种方式,人们可以对添加和不添加添加剂的电池性能进行理论比较。并将模型模拟结果与实验数据进行了比较。他们发现,正性浆料添加剂可以用来提高性能。
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引用次数: 0
Operation of lead-acid batteries for HEV applications 混合动力汽车用铅酸蓄电池的操作
J. Olson, E. Sexton
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are approaching commercial realization, many using advanced high power, lead-acid batteries. The HEV application is quite challenging due to the high currents going to and from the batteries. Although cycle efficiencies of thin plate lead-acid batteries are as high or better than other available power sources, the heat generated by HEV mode operation is not a trivial issue. The maintenance of a desired state of charge and cell-to-cell balance offer additional complications. These issues present the vehicle integrator with additional complexity in an already complex system. Although the application is relatively new, much information exists or is being developed to help the performance of lead-acid batteries in this difficult task of HEV operation. Operating parameters are offered to help in the transition to these and other advanced transportation systems. They consist of recommendations for discharge, charge and battery management.
混合动力汽车(HEV)正在接近商业化,许多使用先进的大功率铅酸电池。由于进出电池的大电流,混合动力应用相当具有挑战性。虽然薄板铅酸电池的循环效率与其他可用的电源一样高或更好,但混合动力模式运行产生的热量并不是一个微不足道的问题。维持理想的电荷状态和细胞间的平衡提供了额外的复杂性。这些问题使汽车集成商在本已复杂的系统中增加了额外的复杂性。尽管该应用相对较新,但已有或正在开发许多信息来帮助铅酸电池在混合动力汽车操作这一艰巨任务中的性能。提供了操作参数,以帮助过渡到这些和其他先进的运输系统。它们包括对放电、充电和电池管理的建议。
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引用次数: 24
Issues and benefits with fast charging industrial batteries 快速充电工业电池的问题和好处
B. Dickinson, J. Gill
This paper is meant to give the industrial vehicle user a look at the benefits that can be found today and the issues remaining with fast charging industrial batteries. The paper is divided into the following sections: background, failure mechanisms of industrial lead acid batteries, AV fast charging technique, laboratory and life cycle data, fast charge ready battery packs, and operational benefits of fast charging. Fast Charging, in the proper environment, can be successfully implemented today and will improve battery performance and increase utility. Improvements in battery cells, battery tray design and industrial truck battery compartments will increase the system performance and expand the market for fast charging to even the heaviest usage operations.
本文旨在让工业车辆用户了解快速充电工业电池的优点和存在的问题。本文分为以下几个部分:工业铅酸电池的研究背景、失效机理、自动驾驶汽车快速充电技术、实验室和生命周期数据、可快速充电的电池组、快速充电的运营效益。在适当的环境下,快速充电可以在今天成功实施,并将改善电池性能并增加效用。电池单元、电池托盘设计和工业卡车电池舱的改进将提高系统性能,并将快速充电市场扩大到最重的使用操作。
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引用次数: 9
Evaluation of plasma-sprayed CoS2 cathodes for thermal batteries 热电池用等离子喷涂CoS2阴极的评价
R. Guidotti, J. Dai, T. Xiao, D. Reisner
Conventional electroactive stack components in thermal batteries are constructed from pressed-powder parts. These include the anode, separator, and cathode pellets (discs). Pressing parts that are less than 0.010" thick is difficult. The use of plasma spray to deposit thin CoS/sub 2/ cathode films onto a stainless steel substrate was examined as an alternative to pressed-powder cathodes. The plasma-sprayed electrodes were tested in single cells under isothermal conditions and constant-current discharge over a temperature range of 400/spl deg/C to 550/spl deg/C using standard LiSi anodes and separators based on the LiCl-KCl eutectic. Similar tests were conducted with cells built with conventional pressed-powder cathodes, which were tested under the same conditions for comparative purposes. This paper presents the results of those tests.
热电池中传统的电活性堆组件是由压制粉末部件构成的。这些包括阳极、分离器和阴极球团(盘)。冲压厚度小于0.010英寸的零件是困难的。研究了等离子体喷涂在不锈钢衬底上沉积薄CoS/sub - 2/阴极膜作为压粉阴极的替代方法。采用标准锂离子阳极和基于LiCl-KCl共晶的隔膜,在400 - 550℃的温度范围内,在等温条件和恒流放电条件下对等离子喷涂电极在单个电池中进行测试。类似的测试是用传统的压粉阴极制成的电池进行的,在相同的条件下进行测试,以进行比较。本文给出了这些试验的结果。
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引用次数: 5
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Fifteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances (Cat. No.00TH8490)
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