Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.02.001
B. Peretyatko, Bohdan Bilinsky
Today, an urgent problem in modern construction is the development of highly functional fire-resistant solutions to protect the timber from destruction and the effect of fire on it, which are characterized by the high efficiency of the penetration of these solutions into the middle of the timber, the durability of their protection and operational properties to ensure the longevity of the operation of timber structures. One of these fire-resistant solutions is a solution invented on the basis of the method of impregnation of timber based on area. In this work, we provide an analysis of modern methods of calculated tests regarding the quality of impregnation of timber structures and timber products made of timber with protective fire-resistant solutions (fire retardants), as well as the schemes of these model tests.
{"title":"INCREASING THE FIRE RESISTANCE OF TIMBER STRUCTURES AND BUILDINGS USING MODEL TESTS WITH FIRE RETARDANTS","authors":"B. Peretyatko, Bohdan Bilinsky","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Today, an urgent problem in modern construction is the development of highly functional fire-resistant solutions to protect the timber from destruction and the effect of fire on it, which are characterized by the high efficiency of the penetration of these solutions into the middle of the timber, the durability of their protection and operational properties to ensure the longevity of the operation of timber structures. One of these fire-resistant solutions is a solution invented on the basis of the method of impregnation of timber based on area. In this work, we provide an analysis of modern methods of calculated tests regarding the quality of impregnation of timber structures and timber products made of timber with protective fire-resistant solutions (fire retardants), as well as the schemes of these model tests.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133946557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.02.075
Ihor Ivaneiko, Yurii Oleksiv
The article proposes to balance processes with non-rhythmic flow-lines according to the period of work execution with the use of complex mechanized machines (CMM). An increase in the period of deployment in the flow-line and downtime of non-critical works calculated by the Critical Path Method requires the development of optimization methods to reduce the construction period. We proposed a hypothesis to equalize work rhythms due to the redistribution of work volumes on interdependent divisions (ID) between CMMs. A typical matrix model is used to compare the period of work execution. The calculation formulas are given for determining the execution time on the ID, the deployment period of the flow-line, the brigade, and the building. There is a new method of optimizing the flow-line deployment period with the parallel use of complex mechanized machines proposed in the article. This method shortens the construction period.
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF DEPLOYMENT PERIODS OF NON-RHYTHMIC FLOW-LINES BY COMPLEX MECHANIZED MACHINES","authors":"Ihor Ivaneiko, Yurii Oleksiv","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.02.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.02.075","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes to balance processes with non-rhythmic flow-lines according to the period of work execution with the use of complex mechanized machines (CMM). An increase in the period of deployment in the flow-line and downtime of non-critical works calculated by the Critical Path Method requires the development of optimization methods to reduce the construction period. We proposed a hypothesis to equalize work rhythms due to the redistribution of work volumes on interdependent divisions (ID) between CMMs. A typical matrix model is used to compare the period of work execution. The calculation formulas are given for determining the execution time on the ID, the deployment period of the flow-line, the brigade, and the building. There is a new method of optimizing the flow-line deployment period with the parallel use of complex mechanized machines proposed in the article. This method shortens the construction period.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127597649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.027
Iurii Sidun, Oleksiy Vollis, Volodymyr Bidos, S. Stanchak, Danylo Helon
This article presents the review of surface dressing wear courses, being the version of preservation and sealing of road structures' top layers. In the article, there is studied the adhesion of aggregates (from various granite quarries of Ukraine) with a bitumen binder, namely bitumen emulsion, for application in surface dressing for road pavements. In the article, there are used both the Ukrainian and European testing methods for the determination of adhesion in the bitumen-aggregate system. There was developed two bitumen emulsion formulations for the thin-layer motor-road pavements by the surface dressing depending on the type of acid used (either hydrochloric or orthophosphoric).
{"title":"ADHESION OF ROAD BITUMEN EMULSIONS ON BOTH HYDROCHLORIC AND ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACIDS FOR THE TECHNOLOGY OF SURFACE DRESSING","authors":"Iurii Sidun, Oleksiy Vollis, Volodymyr Bidos, S. Stanchak, Danylo Helon","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.027","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the review of surface dressing wear courses, being the version of preservation and sealing of road structures' top layers. In the article, there is studied the adhesion of aggregates (from various granite quarries of Ukraine) with a bitumen binder, namely bitumen emulsion, for application in surface dressing for road pavements. In the article, there are used both the Ukrainian and European testing methods for the determination of adhesion in the bitumen-aggregate system. There was developed two bitumen emulsion formulations for the thin-layer motor-road pavements by the surface dressing depending on the type of acid used (either hydrochloric or orthophosphoric).","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123545236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.057
V. Zhelykh, Yurii Furdas, M. Adamski, D. Guzyk, A. Tsizda
At present, the problem of energy-saving construction remains extremely relevant. The use of alternative energy sources for heat supply of buildings and structures is one of the ways to solve the problem of rational use of fuel and energy resources. This article considers effective methods of using solar energy with the help of thermosyphon solar collectors integrated into the external enclosing structures of a modular house. The research results showed that for efficient operation of the thermosyphon collector the area of ventilation openings should be within 0,005… 0,06 m2.
{"title":"ALTERNATIVE HEAT SYSTEMS FOR MODULAR BUILDINGS","authors":"V. Zhelykh, Yurii Furdas, M. Adamski, D. Guzyk, A. Tsizda","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.057","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the problem of energy-saving construction remains extremely relevant. The use of alternative energy sources for heat supply of buildings and structures is one of the ways to solve the problem of rational use of fuel and energy resources. This article considers effective methods of using solar energy with the help of thermosyphon solar collectors integrated into the external enclosing structures of a modular house. The research results showed that for efficient operation of the thermosyphon collector the area of ventilation openings should be within 0,005… 0,06 m2.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122492831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.086
Roman Hnativ, O. Yakhno, I. Hnativ
Channel processes are the most dynamic exogenous geomorphological processes. This scientific field of research has many complex scientific problems and has long been developed in Ukraine and around the world in various fields of science, namely geomorphology, hydrology and technical sciences. The channel process is in constant and close connection with the geological, geomorphological, climatic and soil conditions of the territory. The composition of the weathering products and the yield on the surface of the bedrock determines, together with the above factors, the amount of solid material carried away by water, and at the same time the changing shape of the channel of these flows. A study of changes in channel processes in the Prykarpattia region, which confirmed the development of active exogenous processes in mountain river basins, especially in sloping areas.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF THE CHANNEL FLOW OF THE RIVERS OF PRYKARPATTIA","authors":"Roman Hnativ, O. Yakhno, I. Hnativ","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.086","url":null,"abstract":"Channel processes are the most dynamic exogenous geomorphological processes. This scientific field of research has many complex scientific problems and has long been developed in Ukraine and around the world in various fields of science, namely geomorphology, hydrology and technical sciences. The channel process is in constant and close connection with the geological, geomorphological, climatic and soil conditions of the territory. The composition of the weathering products and the yield on the surface of the bedrock determines, together with the above factors, the amount of solid material carried away by water, and at the same time the changing shape of the channel of these flows. A study of changes in channel processes in the Prykarpattia region, which confirmed the development of active exogenous processes in mountain river basins, especially in sloping areas.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116673920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.035
Y. Blikharskyy, N. Kopiika
Reinforced concrete structures are often subjected to various negative environmental influences, reducing their reliability and durability. Main engineering tasks include extension of their life cycle, assessment of durability, reliability and residual service life. This requires reliable assessment of existing damages due to negative environmental impacts. Deterioration of RC structures is complex issue, which should be considered with the account of various factors. Damages and defects should be assessed, according to different criteria: degradation degree, type, time and cause of formation, etc. Article provides detailed analysis of the most common damages in RC structures on the basis of thorough literature review of this issue. Also, the classification of reasons for decrease of bearing capacity is proposed. Additionally, are discussed corrosion mechanisms and specifics of stress-strain state in corroded RC structures.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE MOST COMMON DAMAGES IN REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES: A REVIEW","authors":"Y. Blikharskyy, N. Kopiika","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.035","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforced concrete structures are often subjected to various negative environmental influences, reducing their reliability and durability. Main engineering tasks include extension of their life cycle, assessment of durability, reliability and residual service life. This requires reliable assessment of existing damages due to negative environmental impacts. Deterioration of RC structures is complex issue, which should be considered with the account of various factors. Damages and defects should be assessed, according to different criteria: degradation degree, type, time and cause of formation, etc. Article provides detailed analysis of the most common damages in RC structures on the basis of thorough literature review of this issue. Also, the classification of reasons for decrease of bearing capacity is proposed. Additionally, are discussed corrosion mechanisms and specifics of stress-strain state in corroded RC structures.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133675314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.001
I. Karkhut
The experience of inclined cross-sections in the zones of influence of transverse forces and punching loads has been studied. The results of experimental studies of inclined cross-sections of protective structures in the area of influence of local emergency load on punching are presented. The article presents the reinforcement and strength of inclined cross-sections at the angle of destruction γ=40°. The analysis of the results was carried out and recommendations were developed for the design of inclined cross-sections of shells in the punching zone. The experimentally obtained values of the bearing capacity of concrete and reinforced concrete samples during punching correlate well with the results of theoretically determined dependencies that take into account the pin effect of reinforcement and the actual strength of concrete.
{"title":"STRENGTH OF INCLINED CROSS-SECTIONS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE PROTECTIVE SHELLS UNDER THE ACTION OF PUNCHING","authors":"I. Karkhut","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"The experience of inclined cross-sections in the zones of influence of transverse forces and punching loads has been studied. The results of experimental studies of inclined cross-sections of protective structures in the area of influence of local emergency load on punching are presented. The article presents the reinforcement and strength of inclined cross-sections at the angle of destruction γ=40°. The analysis of the results was carried out and recommendations were developed for the design of inclined cross-sections of shells in the punching zone. The experimentally obtained values of the bearing capacity of concrete and reinforced concrete samples during punching correlate well with the results of theoretically determined dependencies that take into account the pin effect of reinforcement and the actual strength of concrete.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133053005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.080
Andrii Klym, Y. Blikharskyy, J. Selejdak, Z. Blikharskyy
The main structures of modern buildings are using a RC constructions. Timely work on strengthening and restoration of building structures is very important in practice. There are many accumulations with many different ways and constructive methods of strengthening RC constructions in different conditions of application. This article describes the modern methods and innovative materials for the strengthening and repairing of RC structures. The current state and trends of development in this direction in the field of re-equipment and reconstruction of RC elements of buildings and structures, which raised the issue of operational suitability are analyzed. Scientific works of scientists of many countries of the world in the field of experimental researches of strengthening of RC constructions are processed.
{"title":"STRENGTHENING AND REPAIRING THE SERVICEABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS: A REVIEW","authors":"Andrii Klym, Y. Blikharskyy, J. Selejdak, Z. Blikharskyy","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.080","url":null,"abstract":"The main structures of modern buildings are using a RC constructions. Timely work on strengthening and restoration of building structures is very important in practice. There are many accumulations with many different ways and constructive methods of strengthening RC constructions in different conditions of application. This article describes the modern methods and innovative materials for the strengthening and repairing of RC structures. The current state and trends of development in this direction in the field of re-equipment and reconstruction of RC elements of buildings and structures, which raised the issue of operational suitability are analyzed. Scientific works of scientists of many countries of the world in the field of experimental researches of strengthening of RC constructions are processed.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128955799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.018
Dmytro Sydorak, M. Hohol
In this article, the rational constructive form of the combined steel truss with a span of 30 meters is received, with 59% fewer elements than the typical. Calculated regulation methods are offered stress-deformation state (SDS) combined steel trusses, which make it possible to increase their efficiency. Methods of estimated SDS regulation in combined steel trusses are given: change in the stiffness of the rodsand the creation of eccentricities in the nodes connecting the lattice to the upper belt and supporting eccentricities. Designs of experimental samples of rationally combined trusses are developed. Samples of rational steel combined trusses with a span of 3 meters with SDS adjustment are developedand a reference sample of a combined rational truss. A new method of testing combined trusses using a reference sample is proposed. An experimental plant for testing combined steel trusses has been designed, which allows you to test trusses with SDS rigs simultaneously.
{"title":"IMPROVING THE CONSTRUCTIVE EFFICIENCY OF STEEL COMBINED TRUSSES","authors":"Dmytro Sydorak, M. Hohol","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the rational constructive form of the combined steel truss with a span of 30 meters is received, with 59% fewer elements than the typical. Calculated regulation methods are offered stress-deformation state (SDS) combined steel trusses, which make it possible to increase their efficiency. Methods of estimated SDS regulation in combined steel trusses are given: change in the stiffness of the rodsand the creation of eccentricities in the nodes connecting the lattice to the upper belt and supporting eccentricities. Designs of experimental samples of rationally combined trusses are developed. Samples of rational steel combined trusses with a span of 3 meters with SDS adjustment are developedand a reference sample of a combined rational truss. A new method of testing combined trusses using a reference sample is proposed. An experimental plant for testing combined steel trusses has been designed, which allows you to test trusses with SDS rigs simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121532742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2022.01.071
P. Kapalo, O. Voznyak, V. Zhelykh, H. Klymenko, Khrystyna Myroniuk
As part of the research entitled "Experimental determination of the optimal amount of air in a selected room in Ukraine based on measurements of carbon dioxide concentration", an experimental measurement was performed in a selected school room in Ukraine. The aim of the experimental measurement was to determine the course of air temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration during the teaching process. From the carbon dioxide concentration curves, it is possible to calculate the required ventilation intensity in the room. This article documents the results of measuring the air temperature and the carbon dioxide concentration in the room, as well as the reactions of people in the room to the air quality.
{"title":"AIR QUALITY MONITORING IN A SELECTED CLASSROOM","authors":"P. Kapalo, O. Voznyak, V. Zhelykh, H. Klymenko, Khrystyna Myroniuk","doi":"10.23939/jtbp2022.01.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.01.071","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the research entitled \"Experimental determination of the optimal amount of air in a selected room in Ukraine based on measurements of carbon dioxide concentration\", an experimental measurement was performed in a selected school room in Ukraine. The aim of the experimental measurement was to determine the course of air temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration during the teaching process. From the carbon dioxide concentration curves, it is possible to calculate the required ventilation intensity in the room. This article documents the results of measuring the air temperature and the carbon dioxide concentration in the room, as well as the reactions of people in the room to the air quality.","PeriodicalId":369033,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Building Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130698614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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