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CONCRETE ON QUARTZITE AGGREGATES 石英石骨料混凝土
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.093
S. Tolmachov
In the post-war period, Ukraine will need a large number of aggregates to repair and rebuild destroyed and damaged objects of transport infrastructure, including roads, airfields, and parking lots. To expand the raw material base of such construction, in addition to traditional high-quality aggregates from crushed granite, quartz sand and manufactured sand, it is advisable to use some types of waste and secondary products from various industries. They must meet the basic requirements for density, strength, frost resistance. These include a by-product of iron ore mining, quartzite. The use of quartzites as aggregates for cement concretes has certain difficulties due to their characteristics. This is reflected, first of all, on the strength of the concretes in which they are included. In this article, the features of the influence of quartzite aggregates on the strength of cement concretes are considered. Studies that have been carried out on mixtures of different mobility have shown that dusty particles, which are part of quartzite, have a positive effect on the structure of concrete.
在战后时期,乌克兰将需要大量集料来修复和重建被破坏和损坏的交通基础设施,包括公路、机场和停车场。为了扩大此类建设的原材料基础,除了传统的碎花岗岩、石英砂和人工砂等优质骨料外,最好还能使用各行各业的一些废料和副产品。它们必须满足密度、强度、抗冻性等基本要求。其中包括铁矿石开采的副产品石英石。由于石英岩的特性,使用石英岩作为水泥混凝土的骨料有一定的困难。这首先反映在加入石英岩的混凝土强度上。本文探讨了石英岩集料对水泥混凝土强度的影响特点。对不同流动性的混合物进行的研究表明,石英岩中的粉尘颗粒对混凝土结构有积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
PERSPECTIVES AND SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE USE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR STRENGTHENING OF DAMAGED REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES 使用复合材料加固受损钢筋混凝土结构的前景和特点
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.027
N. Kopiika, Y. Blikharskyy
The need for strengthening of existing structures has recently become topical. Composite materials due to their remarkable properties, possibility to adaptation to the design requirements and facilitation of restoration measures are widely used for strengthening. This article is focused on review of restoration approaches with the use of composite materials and specific features of their behavior under various impacts. Study includes analysis of recent studies in the area, identifying gaps of knowledge and perspectives for further research. The most relevant areas of research were distinguished including numerical finite element modelling for parametric analysis, deepening of understanding of composites` linearly elastic behavior, approaches to prevent delamination failure. Further thorough research in this area is strongly recommended to deepen the knowledge and maximize the efficiency of use of composite strengthening systems.
最近,对现有结构进行加固已成为一个热门话题。复合材料因其卓越的性能、适应设计要求的可能性以及便于采取修复措施而被广泛用于加固。本文重点评述了使用复合材料的修复方法及其在各种冲击下的行为特征。研究包括分析该领域的最新研究,确定知识差距和进一步研究的前景。最相关的研究领域包括用于参数分析的数值有限元建模、加深对复合材料线性弹性行为的理解、防止分层失效的方法。强烈建议在这一领域开展进一步的深入研究,以加深对复合材料加固系统的了解并最大限度地提高其使用效率。
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引用次数: 0
FEATURES OF THE MIX TIME OF BITUMEN EMULSIONS WITH CEMENT FOR SLURRY SURFACING TECHNOLOGY 沥青乳液与水泥的混合时间对水泥浆铺面技术的影响
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.012
Iurii Sidun, Khrystyna Sobol, Y. Novytskyi, Sergii Rybchynskyi
Pavement grade cationic bitumen emulsions formulations were developed for Slurry Surfacing based on orthophosphoric and hydrochloric acids with both all-purpose and specialized emulsifiers used. As a result, there were established relations of mix time upon cement - for Slurry Surfacing based on various acids and emulsifiers. Mix time of Slurry Surfacing mix (having different cement content) with bitumen emulsions on both orthophosphoric and hydrochloric acids is characterized by parabolic relation, branches of the parabola going down. Still, parabola slope steepness for Slurry Surfacing with cement and bitumen emulsions on orthophosphoric acid is higher than for emulsions on hydrochloric acid. The regularity investigated allows affirming that dosing cement for Slurry Surfacing with orthophosphoric-based bitumen emulsions shall be more diligently checked and controlled – so as to avoid the premature mix time.
以正磷酸和盐酸为基础,使用通用乳化剂和专用乳化剂,开发了用于水泥浆敷面的路面级阳离子沥青乳液配方。因此,确定了基于各种酸和乳化剂的水泥浆沥青混合料的混合时间与水泥的关系。正磷酸和盐酸沥青乳液与水泥浆堆焊混合料(水泥含量不同)的混合时间呈抛物线关系,抛物线的分支向下。不过,在正磷酸中使用水泥和沥青乳液的水泥浆面层的抛物线斜率陡度要高于在盐酸中使用乳液的水泥浆面层。通过对规律性的研究,我们可以肯定,在使用正磷酸沥青乳液进行水泥浆堆焊时,应更严格地检查和控制水泥的剂量,以避免混合时间过早。
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引用次数: 0
PRACTICAL APPROACH TO THE RISK ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS 建筑项目风险分析的实用方法
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.077
Dariusz Walasek
A construction risk assessment is the calculated process of identifying project specific threats on a jobsite, then analysing and evaluating each risk factor to determine the likelihood, impact, and repercussions of each of those variables. That assessment creates awareness surrounding the risks/hazards identified, assess current risk prevention measures that are in-place to determine if they are sufficient or if further action needs to be taken, ensuring that any legal requirements or contract requirements are being met regarding risk and also deciding if additional controls need to be implemented or if changes need to be made to construction risk management strategy.
施工风险评估是一个经过计算的过程,首先要确定施工现场的具体项目威胁,然后对每个风险因素进行分析和评估,以确定每个变量的可能性、影响和后果。这种评估可以提高对已识别风险/危险的认识,评估当前采取的风险预防措施,以确定这些措施是否足够,或是否需要采取进一步行动,确保满足有关风险的任何法律要求或合同要求,并决定是否需要实施额外的控制措施,或是否需要更改施工风险管理策略。
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引用次数: 0
THE HARVESTED RAINWATER AS A SOURCE OF NON-DRINKING WATER SUPPLY IN TYPICAL RESIDENTIAL MICRODISTRICTS OF UKRAINIAN CITIES 将收集的雨水作为乌克兰城市典型微型住宅区的非饮用水供应来源
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.061
Lesya Vovk, V. Orel, Anastasiia Tarkanii
Ukraine, facing water resource scarcity, finds it increasingly challenging to provide high-quality drinking water for both its population and industries, particularly in times of war. Harvested rainwater, among these sources, aligns well with water resource protection and management measures to counteract drinking water shortages. A literature review indicates that domestic needs in cities (flushing toilets, cleaning, and laundry) account for over 50% of drinking water demand, which could be supplemented by harvested rainwater. The estimated volume of harvested rainwater for a residential building in Odesa and Uzhgorod showed a drinking water saving to 15% and 36.5%, respectively. Similar calculations were carried out for residential microdistricts with high-rise buildings in these cities, showing a saving of drinking water due to the use of rainwater to 9% and 19%, respectively.
乌克兰面临着水资源短缺的问题,为居民和工业提供优质饮用水的挑战越来越大,尤其是在战争时期。在这些水源中,收集的雨水非常符合水资源保护和管理措施,可以解决饮用水短缺问题。文献综述表明,城市的生活需求(冲洗厕所、清洁和洗衣)占饮用水需求的 50%以上,而收集的雨水可以补充这些需求。敖德萨和乌日戈罗德居民楼的雨水收集量估算显示,饮用水的节约率分别为 15%和 36.5%。对这些城市的高层建筑住宅小区也进行了类似的计算,结果表明利用雨水可分别节约 9% 和 19% 的饮用水。
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引用次数: 0
INJECTION OF CRACKS IN A RC BEAM WITH EPOXY RESIN USING THE GRAVITY FLOW METHOD 用重力流法为钢筋混凝土梁注入环氧树脂裂缝
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.085
Andrii Klym, Y. Blikharskyy
The restoration of the load-bearing capacity of RC beams through crack injection is one of the most efficient and practical methods for executing repairs in the field of civil engineering. In the article, following an analysis of crack injection methods in RC structures, an economically viable method for injecting RC beams is proposed. The core approach of the proposed crack injection method involves the process of introducing epoxy resin into the crack, which occurs by gravity flow (without specialized equipment and pressure). The paper outlines a systematic process for preparing the crack in the RC beam for epoxy resin injection. The crack injection method was conducted comprehensively, including the restoration of the compressed concrete zone within the RC beam. The test results demonstrated the effectiveness of the crack injection method, as there were no new crack formations at the injection sites, and the load-bearing capacity of the RC beam was restored to 115%.
通过裂缝注浆恢复钢筋混凝土梁的承载能力是土木工程领域最有效、最实用的维修方法之一。本文在分析了 RC 结构的裂缝注浆方法后,提出了一种经济可行的 RC 梁注浆方法。所建议的裂缝注入方法的核心方法是将环氧树脂引入裂缝,该过程通过重力流(无需专业设备和压力)进行。本文概述了为环氧树脂注入准备 RC 梁裂缝的系统过程。裂缝注入法是全面实施的,包括恢复 RC 梁内的受压混凝土区。试验结果证明了裂缝注入法的有效性,因为注入部位没有形成新的裂缝,而且 RC 梁的承载能力恢复到了 115%。
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引用次数: 0
OVER-STABILIZED BITUMEN EMULSIONS MADE FROM EMULSIFIERS FOR SLOW-SETTING EMULSIONS 用乳化剂制成的过稳定沥青缓凝乳剂
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.042
Volodymyr Bidos, Iurii Sidun, Khrystyna Sobol, Sergii Rybchynskyi
Formulations of road over-stabilized cationic bitumen emulsions with orthophosphoric, sulfuric and hydrochloric acids and cationic emulsifiers for slowly disintegrating emulsions have been designed. The physical and mechanical properties of the manufactured over-stabilized bitumen emulsions and their breaking behavior were determined. It has been established that over-stabilised bitumen emulsions demonstrate good storage stability for 180 days. The obtained results of breaking behavior bitumen emulsions indicate that emulsions based on hydrochloric and sulfuric acid have a shorter fines mixing time and greater mixing stability with cement than emulsions based on orthophosphoric acid. For over-stabilized bitumen emulsions on orthophosphoric acid, the method according to DSTU EN 12848:2020 is not effective, due to the high reactivity of emulsions on orthophosphoric acid during interaction with portland cement.
使用正磷酸、硫酸和盐酸以及阳离子乳化剂设计了用于缓慢崩解乳液的路面过稳定阳离子沥青乳液配方。测定了所制造的过稳定沥青乳液的物理和机械性能及其破碎行为。结果表明,过度稳定的沥青乳液在 180 天内具有良好的储存稳定性。对沥青乳化液破碎性能的研究结果表明,与正磷酸乳化液相比,盐酸和硫酸乳化液的细料搅拌时间更短,与水泥的搅拌稳定性更高。对于过度稳定的正磷酸沥青乳液,DSTU EN 12848:2020 规定的方法无效,因为正磷酸乳液在与硅酸盐水泥相互作用时反应性很高。
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引用次数: 0
METHOD OF ARRANGEMENT OF INTERNAL THERMAL INSULATION OF EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES OF THE ROOM 房间外部保护结构的内部隔热布置方法
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.018
V. Labay, Halyna Vereshchynska
The paper presents the results of a study aimed at increasing energy efficiency in residential buildings, as well as an analysis of the humidity state and the possibility of condensation when using internal insulation. Numerical simulations were performed to confirm the results. The obtained results indicate that the use of mineral insulation "BETOL®" and aluminum foil used as a vapor barrier, applied from the inside, contributes to the improvement of thermal insulation of the walls and reduces the risks of condensation. Computer modeling showed that under the formed conditions, condensation is not observed. This research has an important contribution to the development of energy-efficient solutions for the construction industry, as it allows to ensure the minimum permissible value of heat transfer resistance of external enclosures, to extend their service life.
本文介绍了一项旨在提高住宅建筑能效的研究结果,以及对使用内部隔热材料时的湿度状态和结露可能性的分析。为了证实研究结果,还进行了数值模拟。结果表明,从内部使用矿物隔热材料 "BETOL®"和铝箔作为隔汽层,有助于提高墙体的隔热性能,降低结露风险。计算机模型显示,在形成的条件下,不会出现冷凝现象。这项研究为建筑行业开发节能解决方案做出了重要贡献,因为它可以确保外墙热传导阻力的最小允许值,延长其使用寿命。
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引用次数: 0
STUDY OF FINE-GRAINED FIBER CONCRETE CRACKING RESISTANCE FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF DESTRUCTION MECHANICS 从破坏力学角度研究细粒纤维混凝土的抗裂性
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.069
R. Akhmednabiev, Oksana Demchenko, Olha Hukasian
Fiber reinforced concrete began to appear in the market in the 60s of the last century, and since then the interest in this type of reinforcement has been steadily growing. The article presents the results of studies on the crack resistance of concrete reinforced with polypropylene fibers of various lengths and volume concentrations in fine-grained concrete. Waste from the wet magnetic separation of the Poltava mining and concentration plant was used as an aggregate in the concrete. Polypropylene fibers with the various lengths diameter of 0.2 mm were used for reinforcement. The influence of the length and volume concentration of fibers on the crack resistance of the same strength concrete of was studied. The study results indicate that the increase in the length and volume concentration of fibers, within the limits of the experiment, significantly affects the crack resistance of fine-grained concrete.
纤维加固混凝土在上世纪 60 年代开始出现在市场上,自那时起,人们对这种加固方式的兴趣一直在稳步增长。文章介绍了在细粒混凝土中使用不同长度和体积浓度的聚丙烯纤维加固混凝土抗裂性的研究结果。波尔塔瓦采矿选矿厂的湿磁选废料被用作混凝土的骨料。不同长度、直径为 0.2 毫米的聚丙烯纤维用于加固。研究了纤维长度和体积浓度对相同强度混凝土抗裂性的影响。研究结果表明,在实验范围内,纤维长度和体积浓度的增加会显著影响细粒混凝土的抗裂性。
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引用次数: 0
MONTE CARLO METHODS: A FEATURES REVIEW IN TERMS OF USE FOR ASSESSING THE RELIABILITY OF RC STRUCTURES 蒙特卡洛方法:用于评估遥控结构可靠性的特点综述
Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.23939/jtbp2023.02.048
R. Tytarenko, R. Khmil
Recently, the optimization issue relevance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures design solutions through the maximum use of their bearing capacity resource has increased significantly; in turn, solving this issue depends on a fundamental understanding of the reliability and durability concepts. Because any loads, impacts, or bearing capacity reserve parameters are random variables, there is a need to build stochastic models, which can become the “reliability design” concept base shortly. Among other things, this review article is devoted to the Monte Carlo methods features analysis in terms of their use in the RC members’ reliability assessment tasks. Based on a modern literary sources review, recommendations for further studies of the RC structures’ reliability and durability (including damaged ones) under the conditions of the combined action of loads and a corrosive environment (using Monte Carlo methods) were also formulated.
近来,通过最大限度地利用承载力资源来优化钢筋混凝土(RC)结构设计方案的相关性显著增加;反过来,解决这一问题取决于对可靠性和耐久性概念的基本理解。由于任何荷载、冲击或承载力储备参数都是随机变量,因此有必要建立随机模型,使其在短期内成为 "可靠性设计 "概念的基础。本文主要从蒙特卡罗方法的特点分析入手,探讨其在钢筋混凝土构件可靠性评估任务中的应用。在对现代文献资料进行回顾的基础上,还提出了在荷载和腐蚀环境共同作用的条件下(使用蒙特卡罗方法)进一步研究 RC 结构可靠性和耐久性(包括受损结构)的建议。
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引用次数: 0
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Theory and Building Practice
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