Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2024.12.002
Hiroki Mori MD , Tairo Kurita MD , Kenta Uno MD , Toshiki Sawai MD , Takafumi Koji MD , Hitoshi Kakimoto MD , Kaoru Dohi MD
{"title":"A Rare Case of Adventitial Cystic Disease of the Popliteal Artery With Intermittent Claudication With Recurrent Exacerbations and Remissions","authors":"Hiroki Mori MD , Tairo Kurita MD , Kenta Uno MD , Toshiki Sawai MD , Takafumi Koji MD , Hitoshi Kakimoto MD , Kaoru Dohi MD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 334-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.020
Brototo Deb MD, MIDS , Michael Fradley MD , Stephen Cook MD , Geoffrey D. Barnes MD, MSc
Because of restrictive laws in multiple states for gender-affirming care, patients might be prompted to get recommendations from contemporary online chatbots. This study explored the appropriateness of such recommendations using validated tools to assess patient education materials by a team of LGBTQ-affirming cardiologists. The study showed that although all systems emphasize the need for multidisciplinary care, there were notable differences in the comprehensiveness, cultural appropriateness, and presentation of their responses. GPT-4 (https://chatbotapp.ai) and Gemini (https://gemini.google.com/app) outperformed Bing (https://copilot.microsoft.com), particularly in the balanced and culturally sensitive delivery of information.
{"title":"Evaluation of Information About Cardiovascular Implications of Gender-Affirming Care From Online Chat-based Artificial Intelligence Systems","authors":"Brototo Deb MD, MIDS , Michael Fradley MD , Stephen Cook MD , Geoffrey D. Barnes MD, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Because of restrictive laws in multiple states for gender-affirming care, patients might be prompted to get recommendations from contemporary online chatbots. This study explored the appropriateness of such recommendations using validated tools to assess patient education materials by a team of LGBTQ-affirming cardiologists. The study showed that although all systems emphasize the need for multidisciplinary care, there were notable differences in the comprehensiveness, cultural appropriateness, and presentation of their responses. GPT-4 (<span><span>https://chatbotapp.ai</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) and Gemini (<span><span>https://gemini.google.com/app</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) outperformed Bing (<span><span>https://copilot.microsoft.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), particularly in the balanced and culturally sensitive delivery of information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 338-343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2024.12.001
Stacey Matthews MPH , Christine Faubert PhD , Stephanie Couperthwaite BSc , Brian H. Rowe MD, MSc , Global Cardiovascular Research Funders Forum
Background
The Global Cardiovascular Research Funders Forum (GCRFF) unites international research funders interested in supporting cardiovascular disease (CVD) research. One focus area is women’s cardiovascular health; the present study aimed to identify priority themes for future joint research funding opportunities.
Methods
After ethics approval, a survey was developed based on literature review, GCRFF feedback, and input from methodologists/content experts. The survey comprised 3 open-ended and 5 multiple-choice questions. With the use of widespread dissemination strategies, an electronic survey portal was opened for 8 weeks, from November 15, 2023, to January 15, 2024, with various language options. Results were downloaded into a secure REDCap database for analysis. Independent theming of responses was completed by 3 reviewers until coding consensus was achieved, following which 1 coder completed the remaining theming. Descriptive statistics are reported.
Results
Among the 191 responses, all 9 GCRFF countries were represented. Most respondents identified as women (74%) and clinicians/academics (77%); fewer people with lived or living experience participated (23%). Common themes included women-specific risk factors and prevention strategies (56%), life-course issues (43%), and sex- and gender-specific treatments and outcomes (36%). Common topics were CVD (66%), coronary artery disease (CAD) (18%), and heart disease (13%). Designated research pillars included clinical (52%), population health (36%), and basic science (30%). Solutions proposed included knowledge generation (71%), increased funding (55%), networking researchers (52%), and knowledge mobilisation (41%). Congruence of priority ordering was demonstrated between sex and respondent residence subgroups.
Conclusion
Diverse international input prioritised research in risk factors and prevention strategies specific to women and in sex- and gender-specific treatment and outcomes of heart disease, with considerations of life-course issues across all research pillars.
{"title":"An International Perspective on Priority Areas for Women’s Cardiovascular Health Research: Qualitative Findings From a Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Stacey Matthews MPH , Christine Faubert PhD , Stephanie Couperthwaite BSc , Brian H. Rowe MD, MSc , Global Cardiovascular Research Funders Forum","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Global Cardiovascular Research Funders Forum (GCRFF) unites international research funders interested in supporting cardiovascular disease (CVD) research. One focus area is women’s cardiovascular health; the present study aimed to identify priority themes for future joint research funding opportunities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>After ethics approval, a survey was developed based on literature review, GCRFF feedback, and input from methodologists/content experts. The survey comprised 3 open-ended and 5 multiple-choice questions. With the use of widespread dissemination strategies, an electronic survey portal was opened for 8 weeks, from November 15, 2023, to January 15, 2024, with various language options. Results were downloaded into a secure REDCap database for analysis. Independent theming of responses was completed by 3 reviewers until coding consensus was achieved, following which 1 coder completed the remaining theming. Descriptive statistics are reported.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 191 responses, all 9 GCRFF countries were represented. Most respondents identified as women (74%) and clinicians/academics (77%); fewer people with lived or living experience participated (23%). Common themes included women-specific risk factors and prevention strategies (56%), life-course issues (43%), and sex- and gender-specific treatments and outcomes (36%). Common topics were CVD (66%), coronary artery disease (CAD) (18%), and heart disease (13%). Designated research pillars included clinical (52%), population health (36%), and basic science (30%). Solutions proposed included knowledge generation (71%), increased funding (55%), networking researchers (52%), and knowledge mobilisation (41%). Congruence of priority ordering was demonstrated between sex and respondent residence subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Diverse international input prioritised research in risk factors and prevention strategies specific to women and in sex- and gender-specific treatment and outcomes of heart disease, with considerations of life-course issues across all research pillars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 344-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.012
Raumil V. Patel MD, MSc , Denis Qeska HBSc , Jennifer M. Amadio MD, MEHP , Nicolas Bowers MD, MSc , Andrew C.T. Ha MD, MSc , Harindra C. Wijeysundera MD, PhD
Background
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most common treatment for coronary artery disease revascularization. Many patients undergoing PCI may seek educational information online, but the reliability of such resources remains uncertain. This study seeks to assess the readability and understandability of online patient resources for PCI from Canadian hospital sources.
Methods
We performed a descriptive study evaluating online educational materials pertaining to PCI hosted by all Canadian hospitals that perform the procedure. The primary outcomes were readability, assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Scolarius score, and understandability plus actionability, as assessed using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT). Educational clinical material is recommended to be written at an FKGL between 6 and 8. A score between 50 and 89 on the Scolarius tool suggests the text is readable by most adults, and a PEMAT score >70% corresponds to an understandable and actionable educational material.
Results
A total of 29 Canadian hospitals performing PCI and hosting unique educational content were identified. Only 71% of PCI-capable hospitals provide relevant online educational resources to patients. The average FKGL of the analyzed content was 10 (range 5-18) and the average Scolarius score was 127.8 (range 79-173). The average total PEMAT print score was 46.1%, whereas the average total PEMAT audiovisual score was 71.8%.
Conclusions
Most of the educational material pertaining to PCI created by Canadian hospitals is in English and print format, and of poor readability, understandability, and actionability. Audiovisual materials perform better but are sparsely used.
{"title":"Evaluating the Readability and Understandability of Online Patient Educational Material for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Canada","authors":"Raumil V. Patel MD, MSc , Denis Qeska HBSc , Jennifer M. Amadio MD, MEHP , Nicolas Bowers MD, MSc , Andrew C.T. Ha MD, MSc , Harindra C. Wijeysundera MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most common treatment for coronary artery disease revascularization. Many patients undergoing PCI may seek educational information online, but the reliability of such resources remains uncertain. This study seeks to assess the readability and understandability of online patient resources for PCI from Canadian hospital sources.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a descriptive study evaluating online educational materials pertaining to PCI hosted by all Canadian hospitals that perform the procedure. The primary outcomes were readability, assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Scolarius score, and understandability plus actionability, as assessed using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT). Educational clinical material is recommended to be written at an FKGL between 6 and 8. A score between 50 and 89 on the Scolarius tool suggests the text is readable by most adults, and a PEMAT score >70% corresponds to an understandable and actionable educational material.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 29 Canadian hospitals performing PCI and hosting unique educational content were identified. Only 71% of PCI-capable hospitals provide relevant online educational resources to patients. The average FKGL of the analyzed content was 10 (range 5-18) and the average Scolarius score was 127.8 (range 79-173). The average total PEMAT print score was 46.1%, whereas the average total PEMAT audiovisual score was 71.8%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Most of the educational material pertaining to PCI created by Canadian hospitals is in English and print format, and of poor readability, understandability, and actionability. Audiovisual materials perform better but are sparsely used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.023
Elvira Silajdzija MD , Ida Marie Lund MD , Julie Bech Jensen MD , Annam Pervez Sheikh MD , Johanne Lynge Hansen BScMed , Maya Tourkaman MD , Valborg Heinesen MD , Thomas Kallemose MSc , Jenny Lillqvist MD , Clemens Steinwender MD , Martin Clodi MD , Tijn Hendrikx MD, PhD , Johan Engdahl MD, PhD , Helmut Pürerfellner MD , Ulrik Dixen MD, PhD
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart rhythm disorder with various clinical presentations, including asymptomatic AF, known as silent AF. High-risk patients not treated with anticoagulants are at increased risk of stroke. Therefore, systematic screening has been evaluated to reduce death and cardiovascular complications. Concentrating screening efforts on high-risk populations may optimize the effectiveness of future screening strategies. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of silent AF in a high-risk population 65 years or older with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) or congestive heart failure (CHF).
Methods
A multicentre, observational, prospective cohort study of 645 patients with DM2 or CHF screened for AF in primary care and outpatient clinics in Denmark, Sweden, and Austria from 2016 to 2020. Patients were examined by intermittent electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings using a handheld ECG device 4 times daily for 2 weeks. AF was diagnosed with at least 1 recording (30 seconds) of AF. Patients with fewer than 40 recordings were excluded from the analyses.
Results
Overall 3.3 %, 3.0%, and 3.9%, respectively, of the patients with DM2 and CHF, and 5.5% of patients older than 74 years were diagnosed with previously undetected AF.
Conclusions
Intermittent handheld ECG screening revealed AF in 1 in every 30 patients in a high-risk population, with an increased observed risk in elderly patients.
Clinical Registration Number
H-16015331.
{"title":"Screening of Diabetic and Heart Failure Patients for Silent Atrial Fibrillation","authors":"Elvira Silajdzija MD , Ida Marie Lund MD , Julie Bech Jensen MD , Annam Pervez Sheikh MD , Johanne Lynge Hansen BScMed , Maya Tourkaman MD , Valborg Heinesen MD , Thomas Kallemose MSc , Jenny Lillqvist MD , Clemens Steinwender MD , Martin Clodi MD , Tijn Hendrikx MD, PhD , Johan Engdahl MD, PhD , Helmut Pürerfellner MD , Ulrik Dixen MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart rhythm disorder with various clinical presentations, including asymptomatic AF, known as silent AF. High-risk patients not treated with anticoagulants are at increased risk of stroke. Therefore, systematic screening has been evaluated to reduce death and cardiovascular complications. Concentrating screening efforts on high-risk populations may optimize the effectiveness of future screening strategies. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of silent AF in a high-risk population 65 years or older with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) or congestive heart failure (CHF).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multicentre, observational, prospective cohort study of 645 patients with DM2 or CHF screened for AF in primary care and outpatient clinics in Denmark, Sweden, and Austria from 2016 to 2020. Patients were examined by intermittent electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings using a handheld ECG device 4 times daily for 2 weeks. AF was diagnosed with at least 1 recording (30 seconds) of AF. Patients with fewer than 40 recordings were excluded from the analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall 3.3 %, 3.0%, and 3.9%, respectively, of the patients with DM2 and CHF, and 5.5% of patients older than 74 years were diagnosed with previously undetected AF.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Intermittent handheld ECG screening revealed AF in 1 in every 30 patients in a high-risk population, with an increased observed risk in elderly patients.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Registration Number</h3><div>H-16015331.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 262-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.019
Emily E. Ellis MPH , Hena Quereshi MSc , Douglas C. Dover PhD , M. Patrice Lindsay RN, PhD , Sean Virani MD , Anique Ducharme MD, MSc , Nathaniel M. Hawkins MD , Robert McKelvie MD, PhD, FRCPC , Padma Kaul PhD
Background
Heart failure (HF) is associated with significant mortality and morbidity and accounts for substantial health care resources. We examined hospitalization costs of patients with HF in Canada (excluding patients from Quebec and the Territories) between 2010/2011 and 2018/2019 and estimated future costs to 2039/2040.
Methods
We identified hospitalization records with a primary diagnosis of HF between 2010/2011 and 2018/2019. Concurrent hospitalizations were combined to identify episodes of care. Total hospitalization costs and costs per HF patient were calculated for each fiscal year of the study. All costs are presented in 2022 CAD$. Generalized linear models were used to project primary HF hospitalization episodes and costs to 2039/2040 on the basis of population projections from Statistics Canada.
Results
There were 436,160 hospitalization episodes with a primary diagnosis of HF. Between 2010/2011 and 2018/2019, HF episodes increased from 43,114 to 54,743, and number of patients increased from 34,960 to 44,567, and total hospitalization costs increased from $684.3 million to $776.0 million, resulting in a cumulative cost of $6.65 billion. Between 2019/2020 and 2039/2040, there are projected to be 1.69 million HF hospitalization episodes, costing the Canadian health care system $19.5 billion.
Conclusions
HF places a substantial economic burden on the Canadian health care system, which is likely to increase in the coming decades. Health system planning and policy solutions to identify, and reduce barriers to, HF therapies that are effective in preventing hospitalizations; and improved access to community-based services are needed to mitigate future costs.
{"title":"Economic Burden of Heart Failure Hospitalizations in Canada: A Population-based Study","authors":"Emily E. Ellis MPH , Hena Quereshi MSc , Douglas C. Dover PhD , M. Patrice Lindsay RN, PhD , Sean Virani MD , Anique Ducharme MD, MSc , Nathaniel M. Hawkins MD , Robert McKelvie MD, PhD, FRCPC , Padma Kaul PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Heart failure (HF) is associated with significant mortality and morbidity and accounts for substantial health care resources. We examined hospitalization costs of patients with HF in Canada (excluding patients from Quebec and the Territories) between 2010/2011 and 2018/2019 and estimated future costs to 2039/2040.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified hospitalization records with a primary diagnosis of HF between 2010/2011 and 2018/2019. Concurrent hospitalizations were combined to identify episodes of care. Total hospitalization costs and costs per HF patient were calculated for each fiscal year of the study. All costs are presented in 2022 CAD$. Generalized linear models were used to project primary HF hospitalization episodes and costs to 2039/2040 on the basis of population projections from Statistics Canada.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 436,160 hospitalization episodes with a primary diagnosis of HF. Between 2010/2011 and 2018/2019, HF episodes increased from 43,114 to 54,743, and number of patients increased from 34,960 to 44,567, and total hospitalization costs increased from $684.3 million to $776.0 million, resulting in a cumulative cost of $6.65 billion. Between 2019/2020 and 2039/2040, there are projected to be 1.69 million HF hospitalization episodes, costing the Canadian health care system $19.5 billion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HF places a substantial economic burden on the Canadian health care system, which is likely to increase in the coming decades. Health system planning and policy solutions to identify, and reduce barriers to, HF therapies that are effective in preventing hospitalizations; and improved access to community-based services are needed to mitigate future costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 279-286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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