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A cut-to-order strategy for one-dimensional cable cutting and a case study 一维电缆切割的按订单切割策略及案例研究
Pub Date : 2012-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.744362
Haomiao Jin, Zhengxiao Wang, Chen-Fu Chien
Low-entry barrier for accessing the cable market leads to the intensive competition among hundreds of homogeneous cable manufacturers in China. Mass customization is an effective way to differentiate companies in a highly competitive market. Focused on the real needs of a leading cable manufacturer in China for operating a new e-business to sell customized cables, this study aims to propose a cut-to-order strategy that enables customized cables by utilizing risk pooling effects for customer satisfaction and green manufacturing. A two-stage approach was developed to implement the cut-to-order strategy, in which the inventory replenishment decision and cutting operations are determined, respectively. A case study was conducted to estimate the validity of the proposed approach and the results have shown its practical viability.
电缆市场准入门槛低,导致国内数百家同质化的电缆制造商之间竞争激烈。大规模定制是企业在竞争激烈的市场中脱颖而出的有效途径。本研究着眼于中国一家领先的电缆制造商在经营一个新的电子商务来销售定制电缆的实际需求,旨在提出一种通过利用客户满意度和绿色制造的风险分担效应来实现定制电缆的策略。采用两阶段方法,分别确定库存补充决策和削减操作,以实施按订单削减战略。通过实例分析验证了该方法的有效性,结果表明了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 2
Parallel machines scheduling with deterioration effects and resource allocations 具有退化效应的并行机器调度和资源分配
Pub Date : 2012-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.737374
Hsin-Tao Lee, Suh-Jenq Yang
This article studies multi-objective scheduling problems involving deterioration effects and resource allocations simultaneously on an unrelated parallel-machine setting. The linear and convex resource consumption models are examined, respectively. We aim to find the optimal resource allocation and the optimal job sequence to minimize the cost function including the total completion time, the total machine load, the total absolute differences in completion times and the resource allocation and the cost function including the total waiting time, the total absolute differences in waiting times, and the resource allocation, respectively. We develop polynomial time algorithms for all the problems studied.
本文研究了一种不相关的并行机器设置下同时涉及劣化效应和资源分配的多目标调度问题。分别考察了线性和凸型资源消耗模型。我们的目标是找到最优的资源分配和最优的作业顺序,以最小化包括总完成时间、总机器负载、完成时间和资源分配的总绝对差值的成本函数,以及包括总等待时间、等待时间的总绝对差值和资源分配的成本函数。我们为所研究的所有问题开发了多项式时间算法。
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引用次数: 13
An operator scheduling model for logistics service providers 物流服务商的操作员调度模型
Pub Date : 2012-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.742466
J. Hou, Shih-Ting Yang, Chih-Yuan Chen
In order to enhance the performance of logistics services, managers of a distribution center (DC) or a third-party logistics service provider (LSP) have to increase the efficiency of the shop floor operations via operator performance management and operator scheduling. Traditionally, DC managers usually make decisions related to operator scheduling on the basis of their expertise without a systematic approach and, thus, inappropriate operator scheduling solutions might be generated. To solve the issues of the traditional decision-making approach for operator scheduling, this study proposes an algorithm for logistics operator scheduling on the purpose of assignment of high-efficiency operators to the corresponding logistics activities. The proposed model can be divided into two main modules, namely operator fitness determination (OFD) and logistics operator recommendation (LOR) modules. In advance of operator scheduling, the daily operation requirements are acquired to estimate the required operation time and number of operators. After that, the appropriate logistics operators for specific operations (i.e. operator fitness) can be obtained via OFD module. Based on the historical operation performance of operators and using the Hungarian method, the operator scheduling solution can be generated via LOR module. In addition to the proposed algorithm, an operator scheduling system for LSPs is developed to automatically generate suggestions for logistic operator scheduling. A real-world case is used to evaluate performance of the proposed model and system. As a whole, DC managers can systematically make decisions related to operator scheduling via the proposed model and system and effectively assign appropriate operators to the corresponding logistics activities.
为了提高物流服务的绩效,配送中心(DC)或第三方物流服务提供商(LSP)的管理者必须通过操作员绩效管理和操作员调度来提高车间作业的效率。传统上,数据中心管理人员通常根据他们的专业知识做出与作业者调度相关的决策,而没有系统的方法,因此可能会产生不合适的作业者调度解决方案。针对传统的操作员调度决策方法存在的问题,本文提出了一种物流操作员调度算法,目的是将高效率的操作员分配到相应的物流活动中。该模型可分为两个主要模块,即运营商适应度确定(OFD)和物流运营商推荐(LOR)模块。在操作员调度之前,获取每天的操作需求,以估计所需的操作时间和操作员数量。之后,可以通过OFD模块获得适合特定操作的物流操作员(即操作员适应度)。基于操作员的历史运行表现,采用匈牙利法,通过LOR模块生成操作员调度方案。在此基础上,提出了一种针对lsp的操作员调度系统,用于自动生成物流操作员调度建议。一个真实的案例被用来评估所提出的模型和系统的性能。总体而言,物流中心管理者可以通过提出的模型和系统系统地做出与操作员调度相关的决策,并有效地为相应的物流活动分配合适的操作员。
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引用次数: 0
A scatter search method for the multidimensional knapsack problem with generalized upper bound constraints 具有广义上界约束的多维背包问题的散射搜索方法
Pub Date : 2012-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.743643
Vincent C. Li, Yun-Chia Liang, Yu-Yen Sun, You-Shan Chen
In this article, a scatter search (SS) heuristic is proposed to solve the multidimensional knapsack problem with generalized upper bound constraints (GUBMKP). The method is organized according to the general structure of SS. We discuss the design and implementation for each of the components of SS. A greedy randomized adaptive search procedure is applied in order to diversify the initial solutions. In order to select diversified solutions to enter the reference set, we propose an algorithm based on the structure of generalized upper bound constraints. Several approaches of combining solutions are proposed to solve the problem. The computational results show the heuristic is competitive compared to the former leading method for the GUBMKP.
针对具有广义上界约束的多维背包问题,提出了一种散点搜索启发式算法。该方法按照系统的一般结构进行组织,讨论了系统各组成部分的设计与实现,并采用贪婪随机自适应搜索过程使初始解多样化。为了选择多样化的解进入参考集,我们提出了一种基于广义上界约束结构的算法。提出了几种组合求解的方法来解决这一问题。计算结果表明,对于GUBMKP,启发式算法具有较强的竞争力。
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引用次数: 2
A preliminary field study of optimal trunk flexion by subjective discomfort in recreational cyclists 休闲骑自行车者主观不适感对最佳躯干屈曲的初步研究
Pub Date : 2012-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.729762
Yi-Lang Chen, Mingyang Yu
This study attempts to find the optimal trunk flexion (TF) of a recreational cyclist's subjective discomfort rating while cycling. Two hundred and fifty cyclists were sagittally filmed while cycling on a cycle-way, and their subjective body discomforts were rated. The cyclists also responded to a brief questionnaire. Results show that the TF is positively related to the discomfort on neck/shoulders and is contrary to that on the buttocks. The bike owner cyclists’ (n = 144) trunks were more flexed than the bike rental cyclists’ (n = 106), with a difference of about 11°. This study also found that the cyclists may subjectively perceive the minimum discomforts of both the buttocks and neck/shoulders regions when the trunk was nearly flexed to 38°. This finding serves as a reference for ergonomic consideration in bike design to avoid extreme discomfort while cycling.
本研究试图找到一个最佳躯干弯曲(TF)的休闲骑自行车的主观不适评级,而骑自行车。250名骑自行车的人在自行车道上骑行时被拍摄下来,并对他们的主观身体不适进行评分。骑自行车的人还回答了一份简短的问卷。结果表明,TF与颈部/肩部的不适程度呈正相关,与臀部的不适程度相反。骑自行车的人(n = 144)的车箱比租自行车的人(n = 106)的车箱更弯曲,差异约为11°。这项研究还发现,当躯干几乎弯曲到38°时,骑自行车的人可能会主观地感觉到臀部和颈部/肩部的不适最小。这一发现为自行车设计中考虑人体工程学的因素提供了参考,以避免骑车时的极度不适。
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引用次数: 2
Fabrication and turning of Al/SiC/B4C hybrid metal matrix composites optimization using desirability analysis Al/SiC/B4C杂化金属基复合材料制备与车削优选
Pub Date : 2012-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.728540
N. Muthukrishnan, T. Babu, R. Ramanujam
This article presents the detailed discussions on fabrication of aluminum–silicon carbide (10% by weight of particles) and boron carbide (5% by weight of particles) hybrid metal matrix composites (Al/SiC/B4C – MMCs) using stir casting method. The cylindrical rods of diameter 65 mm and length 200 mm are fabricated and subsequently machined using medium duty lathe to study the machinability issues of hybrid MMC using polycrystalline diamond insert of 1600 grade. The optimum machining parameters have been identified by a composite desirability value obtained from desirability function analysis as the performance index, and significant contribution of parameters can then be determined by analysis of variance. Confirmation test is also conducted to validate the test result. Experimental results have shown that machining performance can be improved effectively through this approach. Results show at higher cutting speeds, good surface finish is obtained with faster tool wear. Percentage of error obtained between experimental value and predicted value is within the limit. Using the optimal parameters, tool wear analysis also studied for the duration of 30 min.
本文详细讨论了用搅拌铸造法制备铝-碳化硅(颗粒质量比10%)和碳化硼(颗粒质量比5%)杂化金属基复合材料(Al/SiC/B4C - MMCs)。采用中型车床加工直径为65 mm、长度为200 mm的圆柱杆,研究了1600级聚晶金刚石镶片混合MMC的可切削性问题。利用理想函数分析得到的复合理想值作为性能指标,确定最佳加工参数,并通过方差分析确定各参数的显著贡献。并进行确认试验,对试验结果进行验证。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地提高加工性能。结果表明,在较高的切削速度下,表面光洁度好,刀具磨损快。实验值与预测值之间的误差百分比在限定范围内。利用最优参数,对刀具进行了持续30 min的磨损分析。
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引用次数: 28
A novel course paradigm for teaching collaborative product development in distributed environments 分布式环境下协同产品开发教学的新课程范式
Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.727480
Yung-I Lin, C. Lo
Collaborative product development (CPD) has recently become one of the important business strategies for the companies to remain competent in the Greater China region. Geographically separate companies such as design studios and manufacturers are required to participate in the product development process in a dispersed manner. Traditional product design courses may not be able to equip students with working knowledge in this regard. To overcome this deficiency, we have developed a novel course paradigm that combines two modular courses: manufacturing engineering (ME) and new product development (NPD). The students from the two courses are grouped into individual teams, and each team is required to complete a product development project within one semester. In each team, the ME students act as the engineering staff while the NPD students take the roles of marketing people and project managers. However, the ME and NPD students are required to collaborate remotely over the Internet. Face-to-face communication is deemed as being unavailable so as to mimic the real CPD scenarios. The tasks and materials involved in this new course include team building, project management, budget control, outsourcing, product design, prototyping, and ICT tools, e.g. teleconferencing, CAD, and PDM. The feedbacks from the graduated students working in industry validate the education goals in the course design.
协同产品开发(CPD)已成为各公司在大中华地区保持竞争力的重要商业策略之一。地理上独立的公司,如设计工作室和制造商,需要以分散的方式参与产品开发过程。传统的产品设计课程可能无法让学生掌握这方面的工作知识。为了克服这一不足,我们开发了一种新的课程范式,结合了两个模块化课程:制造工程(ME)和新产品开发(NPD)。这两门课程的学生被分成独立的小组,每个小组需要在一个学期内完成一个产品开发项目。在每个团队中,ME学生担任工程人员,而NPD学生担任营销人员和项目经理。然而,ME和NPD的学生需要通过互联网远程协作。面对面的交流被认为是不可用的,以模拟真实的CPD场景。这门新课程的任务和材料包括团队建设、项目管理、预算控制、外包、产品设计、原型制作和ICT工具,如电话会议、CAD和PDM。毕业学生的实际工作反馈验证了课程设计的教育目标。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of three multiple-choice assessment methods in a human factors engineering course 人因工程课程中三种选择题评估方法的评价
Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.727478
Annie W. Y. Ng, A. Chan
This study investigated students’ objective performance and subjective preference for the conventional, liberal, and confidence marking multiple-choice methods. Eighty-one university students answered multiple-choice quiz questions on human factors engineering using each of the three methods and then provided feedback on each method. Relative to the conventional method, the liberal and confidence marking methods were useful for extracting information about partial knowledge and increased the variance of performance scores. The different multiple-choice methods could cause students to change their response criterion in performing the assessment, whereas the ability to discriminate correct answers from distracters did not vary across the multiple-choice methods. Regarding subjective preferences, the conventional method was the most preferred followed by the liberal method and then the confidence marking method. The findings of this study would be useful for the selection of effective multiple-choice methods for academic assessments.
本研究考察了学生对传统、自由和自信选择题评分方法的客观表现和主观偏好。81名大学生分别用三种方法回答了关于人因工程的多项选择题,然后对每种方法给出了反馈。与传统方法相比,自由度和置信度标记方法有助于提取部分知识的信息,并增加了性能分数的方差。不同的选择题方法可能导致学生在进行评估时改变他们的反应标准,而区分正确答案和干扰因素的能力在选择题方法中没有变化。在主观偏好方面,常规方法是最受欢迎的,其次是自由评分法,然后是信心评分法。本研究的结果将有助于选择有效的多项选择方法进行学术评估。
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引用次数: 2
An innovative manufacturing process for bamboo injection molding by using TRIZ and Taguchi method 利用TRIZ和田口法进行竹材注射成型的创新制造工艺
Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.727477
M. Chang, C. Yeh
The appearance of 3C (computer, communication, consumer electronic) electronic products has been considered as a critical attribute to attract consumers in the past decade. Moreover, 3C electronic enterprises with own brands are trying hard to meet the requirements such as user-friendly interface and eco-environmental materials for increasing the revenue and market share. Bamboo had been known as a flexible and green raw-material worldwide for many years. However, there are no bamboo-made applications in any 3C electronic products due to its manufacturing process to achieve satisfactory specifications. The innovative manufacturing process of bamboo injection molding on the appearance of a 3C product suffered from a crucial quality issue, that is, bamboo deformation due to the difference between shrinkage of plastic and its inherent material characteristics. The concept is similar to IMR (in-mold decoration by roller) process. The objective of this article is to propose an innovative and robust bamboo injection molding process by using skills such as measurement system analysis, the Taguchi method, process capability index, and TRIZ. In this study, the detailed experimental process and satisfactory result are demonstrated and given. The exploited approach concerning bamboo is a valuable outcome and reference for further advanced implementations in electrical industry and others.
在过去的十年中,3C(计算机、通信、消费电子)电子产品的外观被认为是吸引消费者的关键属性。此外,拥有自主品牌的3C电子企业正在努力满足用户友好的界面和生态环保材料等要求,以增加收入和市场份额。多年来,竹子作为一种柔韧的绿色原料,在世界范围内享有盛誉。然而,由于其制造工艺达到令人满意的规格,竹制在任何3C电子产品中都没有应用。竹材注射成型在3C产品外观上的创新制造工艺遇到了一个至关重要的质量问题,那就是竹材由于塑料的收缩率与其固有的材料特性不同而产生的变形。这个概念类似于IMR(模内滚轮装饰)工艺。本文的目的是利用测量系统分析、田口法、工艺能力指数和TRIZ等技术,提出一种创新的、稳健的竹材注射成型工艺。在本研究中,给出了详细的实验过程和满意的结果。竹材的开发方法对电气行业和其他行业的进一步实现具有重要的参考价值。
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引用次数: 4
Collaborative decision-making method for patient-centered care based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets 基于区间2型模糊集的以患者为中心的护理协同决策方法
Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/10170669.2012.728539
Ting-Yu Chen
Patient-centered care, which is a fundamental component of practicing integrative medicine, places the patient at the center of the delivery of care, improves the continuity of care, and enhances the integration of health professionals and patients. The purpose of this article is to develop a multi-person, multi-attribute model for patient-centered decision-making. Collaborative decision information provided by patients, relatives (family and friends), and healthcare providers is inherently imprecise and involves many uncertainties. Interval type-2 fuzzy sets have a greater ability than ordinary fuzzy sets to handle imprecision and imperfect information in real-world therapeutic applications. In light of patient-centeredness, this article presents a signed distance-based method for handling a collaborative decision-making problem in which individual assessments are provided as interval type-2 trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, and the preference information about attributes is only partially known. Concerning the relative importance of decision makers and group consensus regarding fuzzy opinions, all individual decision opinions are aggregated into group opinions using a hybrid average with weighted averaging and signed distance-based ordered weighted averaging operations. An integrated programming model is developed to estimate attribute weights and to order the priorities of various treatment options based on signed distances, where some deviation variables are introduced to mitigate the inconsistent evaluations. Finally, the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed methods are illustrated by a practical example of cancer care.
以患者为中心的护理是实践中西医结合的一个基本组成部分,它将患者置于提供护理的中心,提高了护理的连续性,并加强了卫生专业人员和患者的融合。本文的目的是开发一个以患者为中心的多人、多属性决策模型。患者、亲属(家人和朋友)和医疗保健提供者提供的协作决策信息本质上是不精确的,并且涉及许多不确定因素。在现实世界的治疗应用中,区间2型模糊集比普通模糊集处理不精确和不完全信息的能力更强。针对以患者为中心的协作决策问题,提出了一种基于签名距离的协作决策问题处理方法,其中个体评价以区间2型梯形模糊数的形式提供,属性的偏好信息仅部分已知。考虑决策者和群体共识对模糊意见的相对重要性,采用加权平均和基于签名距离的有序加权平均混合平均操作将所有个体决策意见汇总为群体意见。建立了一个综合规划模型来估计属性权重,并根据有符号距离对各种处理方案的优先级排序,其中引入了一些偏差变量以减轻评估的不一致。最后,通过一个癌症治疗的实例说明了所提方法的可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
Journal of The Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers
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