Arrhythmia is a growing public health concern due to its increasing prevalence and multifactorial etiology. Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are extensively used as neuroactive insecticides, yet their cardiac effects remain unclear. In this study, urinary NEOs and their metabolites were measured in 136 arrhythmia patients and 222 healthy controls to assess exposure-disease associations. Our findings revealed that NEOs were detected in all samples, with higher concentrations in patients than controls (P < 0.05), except for thiamethoxam and clothianidin. Both quantile g-computation and advanced Bayesian kernel machine regression models indicated that coexposure to multiple NEOs increased the risk of arrhythmia and oxidative stress (P < 0.05), with dinotefuran (DIN) contributing most (40.9%). Notably, the oxidative stress biomarker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine mediated 40.0, 28.7, 10.7, and 27.2% of the associations between exposure to mixed NEOs, imidacloprid (IMI), DIN, and Olefin-IMI and arrhythmia risk, respectively. Network toxicology analyses revealed that NEO-related arrhythmia may primarily involve oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and endocrine disruption pathways, with AKT1, EGFR, GAPDH, CASP3, and HSP90AA1 as key target genes. Collectively, this study presents epidemiological evidence linking NEO exposure to arrhythmia risk and identifies potential mechanisms underlying NEO cardiotoxicity.
{"title":"Integration of Epidemiology and Network Toxicology Revealed the Arrhythmogenic Potential of Neonicotinoid Insecticides.","authors":"Yiming Ge,Qunlin Xiao,Bo Fu,Zuhai Chen,Zhihui Guo,Yuli Lin,Chiqun Shan,Xinjie Li,Yiran Chen,Junye Bian,Jiayin Huang,Shujiang Mei,Yi Chen,Shaoyou Lu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c16623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c16623","url":null,"abstract":"Arrhythmia is a growing public health concern due to its increasing prevalence and multifactorial etiology. Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are extensively used as neuroactive insecticides, yet their cardiac effects remain unclear. In this study, urinary NEOs and their metabolites were measured in 136 arrhythmia patients and 222 healthy controls to assess exposure-disease associations. Our findings revealed that NEOs were detected in all samples, with higher concentrations in patients than controls (P < 0.05), except for thiamethoxam and clothianidin. Both quantile g-computation and advanced Bayesian kernel machine regression models indicated that coexposure to multiple NEOs increased the risk of arrhythmia and oxidative stress (P < 0.05), with dinotefuran (DIN) contributing most (40.9%). Notably, the oxidative stress biomarker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine mediated 40.0, 28.7, 10.7, and 27.2% of the associations between exposure to mixed NEOs, imidacloprid (IMI), DIN, and Olefin-IMI and arrhythmia risk, respectively. Network toxicology analyses revealed that NEO-related arrhythmia may primarily involve oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and endocrine disruption pathways, with AKT1, EGFR, GAPDH, CASP3, and HSP90AA1 as key target genes. Collectively, this study presents epidemiological evidence linking NEO exposure to arrhythmia risk and identifies potential mechanisms underlying NEO cardiotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fang Yang,Min Cai,Ziyan Chen,Zhuohui Yang,Mingyang Li,Guo Wang,Xingru Li
Liquid-phase photochemical aging critically affects the composition of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), their optical properties, and health-related reactivity. This study examines the aqueous photochemical oxidation of guaiacol in two atmosphere-relevant systems: nitrite (NO2-) and triplet-excited organic (3C*). Using integrated analysis, we systematically elucidate oxidant-specific reaction mechanisms. Both NO2- and 3C* markedly accelerate guaiacol degradation (rate constants 6.3 × 10-3 and 5.8 × 10-3 min-1) compared to direct photolysis, but via distinct mechanisms: 3C* promotes triplet-state hydrogen abstraction, whereas NO2- degradation involves ∼46% hydroxyl radicals and the remainder mainly involves reactive nitrogen species. Product analysis indicates that NO2- photochemistry preferentially forms nitrophenols, whereas 3C*-mediated oxidation favors hydroxylated products and oligomerization. These distinct reaction pathways lead to divergent functional evolution: NO2--driven reactions rapidly enhance oxidative potential before stabilizing due to the reduced reactivity of nitroaromatic compounds. In contrast, the 3C* system exhibits sustained hydroxylation and molecular coupling processes, resulting in a continuous increase in oxidative potential. By establishing oxidant-specific terminal constraints, this study shows that aqueous oxidant type controls BrC evolution and oxidation potential, providing a framework to understand SOA aging and its effects on aerosol radiative and chemical reactivity.
{"title":"Aqueous Formation and Evolution of Phenolic Secondary Organic Aerosol: Excited by NO2- and Organic Triplet Excited State.","authors":"Fang Yang,Min Cai,Ziyan Chen,Zhuohui Yang,Mingyang Li,Guo Wang,Xingru Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c14982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14982","url":null,"abstract":"Liquid-phase photochemical aging critically affects the composition of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), their optical properties, and health-related reactivity. This study examines the aqueous photochemical oxidation of guaiacol in two atmosphere-relevant systems: nitrite (NO2-) and triplet-excited organic (3C*). Using integrated analysis, we systematically elucidate oxidant-specific reaction mechanisms. Both NO2- and 3C* markedly accelerate guaiacol degradation (rate constants 6.3 × 10-3 and 5.8 × 10-3 min-1) compared to direct photolysis, but via distinct mechanisms: 3C* promotes triplet-state hydrogen abstraction, whereas NO2- degradation involves ∼46% hydroxyl radicals and the remainder mainly involves reactive nitrogen species. Product analysis indicates that NO2- photochemistry preferentially forms nitrophenols, whereas 3C*-mediated oxidation favors hydroxylated products and oligomerization. These distinct reaction pathways lead to divergent functional evolution: NO2--driven reactions rapidly enhance oxidative potential before stabilizing due to the reduced reactivity of nitroaromatic compounds. In contrast, the 3C* system exhibits sustained hydroxylation and molecular coupling processes, resulting in a continuous increase in oxidative potential. By establishing oxidant-specific terminal constraints, this study shows that aqueous oxidant type controls BrC evolution and oxidation potential, providing a framework to understand SOA aging and its effects on aerosol radiative and chemical reactivity.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) present persistent environmental threats due to their recalcitrance to degradation and role in secondary pollution. Through the heterojunction engineering under dynamic Ostwald ripening, a cobalt-manganese oxide featuring a hollow sea urchin-like architecture was constructed. By directionally anchoring Co onto the Mn surface, the trade-off between catalytic activity and humidity tolerance in the ozone oxidation process was successfully addressed. The catalyst features spatially decoupled active centers, where Mn3+ sites mediate dichloromethane (DCM) oxidative decomposition, while adjacent Co3+ centers drive efficient water activation through proton-coupled electron transfer. This unique architecture enables exceptional performance, achieving 93% DCM conversion at 120 °C with an ultralow O3/DCM ratio of 6, which halves the ozone demand of conventional systems. Remarkably, the presence of 3 vol % H2O enhances DCM conversion to 98% and maintains >95% stability over 10 h. In situ DRIFTS and DFT calculations provide direct evidence that water not only induces favorable surface hydroxylation but also actively participates in the reaction cycle as a key reactant, generating sustained •OH/•O2- radical chains. The hierarchically porous structure further accelerates mass transport, while spatially separated active centers eliminate competitive adsorption. This work establishes a "dual-active center and multiscale transport" paradigm, providing an energy-efficient solution for industrial CVOC elimination under practical humid conditions without requiring gas-drying pretreatment.
{"title":"Spatially Decoupled Dual-Active Sites Break the Activity-Humidity Trade-Off: Achieving Water-Promoted Ozonation of Dichloromethane.","authors":"Fawei Lin,Yongtao Li,Yan Zhao,Zhanjun Cheng,Beibei Yan,Guanyi Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c15703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c15703","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) present persistent environmental threats due to their recalcitrance to degradation and role in secondary pollution. Through the heterojunction engineering under dynamic Ostwald ripening, a cobalt-manganese oxide featuring a hollow sea urchin-like architecture was constructed. By directionally anchoring Co onto the Mn surface, the trade-off between catalytic activity and humidity tolerance in the ozone oxidation process was successfully addressed. The catalyst features spatially decoupled active centers, where Mn3+ sites mediate dichloromethane (DCM) oxidative decomposition, while adjacent Co3+ centers drive efficient water activation through proton-coupled electron transfer. This unique architecture enables exceptional performance, achieving 93% DCM conversion at 120 °C with an ultralow O3/DCM ratio of 6, which halves the ozone demand of conventional systems. Remarkably, the presence of 3 vol % H2O enhances DCM conversion to 98% and maintains >95% stability over 10 h. In situ DRIFTS and DFT calculations provide direct evidence that water not only induces favorable surface hydroxylation but also actively participates in the reaction cycle as a key reactant, generating sustained •OH/•O2- radical chains. The hierarchically porous structure further accelerates mass transport, while spatially separated active centers eliminate competitive adsorption. This work establishes a \"dual-active center and multiscale transport\" paradigm, providing an energy-efficient solution for industrial CVOC elimination under practical humid conditions without requiring gas-drying pretreatment.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spiral wound membrane (SWM) modules are vital for water purification technologies but suffer from performance degradation caused by membrane fouling. Existing studies on SWM feed spacer designs predominantly target single-type fouling mitigation (e.g., biofouling), lacking cross-comparative assessment of different fouling challenges. This study investigates how geometric modifications of columnar-node feed spacers regulate hydrodynamic conditions to combat inorganic scaling and biofouling differentially via combined numerical and experimental approaches. Our results reveal that spacer architectures dictate resistance to fouling through divergent hydrodynamic mediation pathways. The triangular mesh configurations demonstrated superior scaling mitigation performance by enhancing shear stress and solute mass transfer efficiency to suppress concentration polarization, while the diamond-shaped columnar-node design effectively minimized biofouling through reduced hydraulic stagnant zones that typically facilitate microbial adhesion. The hexagonal architectures exacerbated both fouling types due to inadequate fluid mixing, highlighting critical trade-offs between turbulence generation and hydraulic resistance. Overall, the spacer design for scaling control should enhance mass transfer efficiency, while that for biofouling inhibition is suggested to diminish the proportion of low-velocity regions in the feed channel. These insights establish a mechanistic foundation for developing specialized feed spacers that target dominant fouling challenges, advancing the rational design of SWM modules across diverse water treatment applications.
{"title":"Divergent Hydrodynamic Impacts of Feed Spacer Designs on Scaling and Biofouling in Spiral Wound Membrane Modules.","authors":"Weichen Lin,Dingyi Wang,Yukang Feng,Huiqin Zhang,Xiao-Mao Wang,Guibin Jiang,Xia Huang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c00526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c00526","url":null,"abstract":"Spiral wound membrane (SWM) modules are vital for water purification technologies but suffer from performance degradation caused by membrane fouling. Existing studies on SWM feed spacer designs predominantly target single-type fouling mitigation (e.g., biofouling), lacking cross-comparative assessment of different fouling challenges. This study investigates how geometric modifications of columnar-node feed spacers regulate hydrodynamic conditions to combat inorganic scaling and biofouling differentially via combined numerical and experimental approaches. Our results reveal that spacer architectures dictate resistance to fouling through divergent hydrodynamic mediation pathways. The triangular mesh configurations demonstrated superior scaling mitigation performance by enhancing shear stress and solute mass transfer efficiency to suppress concentration polarization, while the diamond-shaped columnar-node design effectively minimized biofouling through reduced hydraulic stagnant zones that typically facilitate microbial adhesion. The hexagonal architectures exacerbated both fouling types due to inadequate fluid mixing, highlighting critical trade-offs between turbulence generation and hydraulic resistance. Overall, the spacer design for scaling control should enhance mass transfer efficiency, while that for biofouling inhibition is suggested to diminish the proportion of low-velocity regions in the feed channel. These insights establish a mechanistic foundation for developing specialized feed spacers that target dominant fouling challenges, advancing the rational design of SWM modules across diverse water treatment applications.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Hu,Qian Qu,Zhan Ban,Xiangang Hu,Anning Wang,Xu Dong,Chunhui Liu,Peng Deng,Ruiqi Wang
Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a global issue, especially in the oceans. However, the extent of changes in the ecological states of viruses that coexist with MPs and their subsequent influence on the biogeochemical cycle remain unclear. We found that the subtropical Atlantic has emerged as a viral diversity hotspot, while the hotspots of increasing viral diversity are concentrated in the South China and Eastern Archipelagic Seas, with 87.57% of the area showing increasing trends. Ignoring the effects of MPs would result in more than 15% underestimation of viral diversity in the Mediterranean region and temperate zone of the Indian Ocean, which is notably higher than the global overall underestimation of 2.4% for viral diversity. Beyond a critical MP threshold (1 × 104 items·km-2, accounting for 55.26% of marine zones during 2025), a distinct positive association with marine viral diversity was observed, especially in low-diversity regions. In regions with higher MP concentrations, viral community networks exhibited higher connectivity and lower modularity, coinciding with a stronger presence of lytic bacteriophages for lysogenization. MPs emerge as significant environmental indicators linked to marine viral ecological niches and host-virus interactions. This work addresses the non-negligible role of MPs in shaping marine ecosystems by viruses.
{"title":"Risks of Microplastics Shaping Viral Communities and Functions in Real Marine Environments.","authors":"Kai Hu,Qian Qu,Zhan Ban,Xiangang Hu,Anning Wang,Xu Dong,Chunhui Liu,Peng Deng,Ruiqi Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c17054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c17054","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a global issue, especially in the oceans. However, the extent of changes in the ecological states of viruses that coexist with MPs and their subsequent influence on the biogeochemical cycle remain unclear. We found that the subtropical Atlantic has emerged as a viral diversity hotspot, while the hotspots of increasing viral diversity are concentrated in the South China and Eastern Archipelagic Seas, with 87.57% of the area showing increasing trends. Ignoring the effects of MPs would result in more than 15% underestimation of viral diversity in the Mediterranean region and temperate zone of the Indian Ocean, which is notably higher than the global overall underestimation of 2.4% for viral diversity. Beyond a critical MP threshold (1 × 104 items·km-2, accounting for 55.26% of marine zones during 2025), a distinct positive association with marine viral diversity was observed, especially in low-diversity regions. In regions with higher MP concentrations, viral community networks exhibited higher connectivity and lower modularity, coinciding with a stronger presence of lytic bacteriophages for lysogenization. MPs emerge as significant environmental indicators linked to marine viral ecological niches and host-virus interactions. This work addresses the non-negligible role of MPs in shaping marine ecosystems by viruses.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Peng,Qiao Wang,Kun Jia,Biao Cao,Weihua Dong,Ziyue Chen,Jiayi Chen,Xing Yan
Dust storms evolve on 10 min time scales, yet satellite monitoring remains constrained by ground segment pipelines that delay actionable products by half-hour to hours. We present an on-orbit deep learning framework that executes dust storm detection and quantitative retrieval directly onboard the satellite, converting geostationary Himawari-8/9 observations into exposure-grade products within 5.62 min─an ∼80% latency reduction relative to conventional acquisition-to-product chains. A cascaded design couples a lightweight event gate with a multitask retriever for PM10 and PM2.5, optimized by a tail-aware loss that prioritizes fidelity at extreme concentrations. Compared to the baseline among LGBM, XGBoost, MLP, CNN, and LSTM, our system reduces the RMSE by 30% (from ∼32.25 to 20.54 μg/m3) for PM10 and by 25% (from ∼14.44 to 10.27 μg/m3) for PM2.5, markedly mitigating the underestimation of high-concentration values. To assess on-orbit feasibility, we simulate deployment on an NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin platform, representative of resource-constrained satellite computing environments, where the model achieves a 3.60 s inference latency with a ∼10 W power draw and <3 GB memory footprint, confirming its viability for resource-constrained spacecraft environments. Case studies (May 19-20, 2023; April 15, 2025) show spatially coherent dust cores, sharper plume gradients, and minutes-scale fusion with population grids and vulnerable locations for real-time exposure assessment and early warning. This work integrates on-orbit inference, tailored retrieval, and demographic coupling to transform dust storm monitoring into minute-level, exposure-focused intelligence, providing a scalable model for other disaster aerosols.
{"title":"Satellite On-Orbit Chip-Level Deep Learning Model for Real-Time Dust Storm Monitoring.","authors":"Rui Peng,Qiao Wang,Kun Jia,Biao Cao,Weihua Dong,Ziyue Chen,Jiayi Chen,Xing Yan","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c14697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14697","url":null,"abstract":"Dust storms evolve on 10 min time scales, yet satellite monitoring remains constrained by ground segment pipelines that delay actionable products by half-hour to hours. We present an on-orbit deep learning framework that executes dust storm detection and quantitative retrieval directly onboard the satellite, converting geostationary Himawari-8/9 observations into exposure-grade products within 5.62 min─an ∼80% latency reduction relative to conventional acquisition-to-product chains. A cascaded design couples a lightweight event gate with a multitask retriever for PM10 and PM2.5, optimized by a tail-aware loss that prioritizes fidelity at extreme concentrations. Compared to the baseline among LGBM, XGBoost, MLP, CNN, and LSTM, our system reduces the RMSE by 30% (from ∼32.25 to 20.54 μg/m3) for PM10 and by 25% (from ∼14.44 to 10.27 μg/m3) for PM2.5, markedly mitigating the underestimation of high-concentration values. To assess on-orbit feasibility, we simulate deployment on an NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin platform, representative of resource-constrained satellite computing environments, where the model achieves a 3.60 s inference latency with a ∼10 W power draw and <3 GB memory footprint, confirming its viability for resource-constrained spacecraft environments. Case studies (May 19-20, 2023; April 15, 2025) show spatially coherent dust cores, sharper plume gradients, and minutes-scale fusion with population grids and vulnerable locations for real-time exposure assessment and early warning. This work integrates on-orbit inference, tailored retrieval, and demographic coupling to transform dust storm monitoring into minute-level, exposure-focused intelligence, providing a scalable model for other disaster aerosols.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147483497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenjie Dong,Can Liu,Guobing Lin,Yuan-Chen Zhang,Albert L Juhasz,Chenjing Liu,Lena Q Ma
Oral exposure to toxic chromium from incidental ingestion of contaminated soil is of concern due to its adverse effects on human health. We developed a mouse urine bioassay to measure the Cr relative bioavailability (Cr-RBA) in contaminated soils. We used Cr-RBA data (5.12-50.0%; n = 16) to evaluate the predictive capability of three in vitro bioaccessibility assays, including Solubility Bioaccessibility Research Consortium (SBRC), PBET, and IVG. The Cr bioaccessibility depended on both soils and assays, being 0.80-15% (averaging 4.2%), 1.1-19% (6.3%), and 0.47-7.7% (2.3%), respectively. Based on in vivo-in vitro correlations, strong relationships were observed for their gastric phase (GP; acceptable R2 at 0.62-0.73; slope at 3.1-7.3), with SBRC-GP being the best. To address the high slopes of low prediction accuracy issue, parameters including pH, solid/liquid ratio, and extraction time were optimized via response surface methodology using Box-Behnken Design. The modified SBRC-GP assay (pH = 1.2; solid/liquid ratio = 1/150; extraction time = 2 h) increased Cr bioaccessibility by 2.3-4.2 fold, which can better predict soil Cr-RBA (R2 = 0.66, slope = 1.0). This bioassay-based and parameter-optimized bioaccessibility assay can be used to predict Cr bioavailability in soils, which is important to assess the health risk associated with human exposure to soil Cr via incidental ingestion and help to refine the remediation goal in Cr-contaminated soils.
{"title":"Bioassay-Based and Parameter-Optimized Bioaccessibility Assay to Predict Chromium Oral Bioavailability from Contaminated Soils.","authors":"Wenjie Dong,Can Liu,Guobing Lin,Yuan-Chen Zhang,Albert L Juhasz,Chenjing Liu,Lena Q Ma","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c14511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14511","url":null,"abstract":"Oral exposure to toxic chromium from incidental ingestion of contaminated soil is of concern due to its adverse effects on human health. We developed a mouse urine bioassay to measure the Cr relative bioavailability (Cr-RBA) in contaminated soils. We used Cr-RBA data (5.12-50.0%; n = 16) to evaluate the predictive capability of three in vitro bioaccessibility assays, including Solubility Bioaccessibility Research Consortium (SBRC), PBET, and IVG. The Cr bioaccessibility depended on both soils and assays, being 0.80-15% (averaging 4.2%), 1.1-19% (6.3%), and 0.47-7.7% (2.3%), respectively. Based on in vivo-in vitro correlations, strong relationships were observed for their gastric phase (GP; acceptable R2 at 0.62-0.73; slope at 3.1-7.3), with SBRC-GP being the best. To address the high slopes of low prediction accuracy issue, parameters including pH, solid/liquid ratio, and extraction time were optimized via response surface methodology using Box-Behnken Design. The modified SBRC-GP assay (pH = 1.2; solid/liquid ratio = 1/150; extraction time = 2 h) increased Cr bioaccessibility by 2.3-4.2 fold, which can better predict soil Cr-RBA (R2 = 0.66, slope = 1.0). This bioassay-based and parameter-optimized bioaccessibility assay can be used to predict Cr bioavailability in soils, which is important to assess the health risk associated with human exposure to soil Cr via incidental ingestion and help to refine the remediation goal in Cr-contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nan Jiang,Beijing Cheng,Han Chen,Guojian Shao,Peng Zhang,Linsheng Yang,Ran Liu
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly persistent pollutants increasingly implicated in cardiovascular toxicity, yet their impacts on cardiac electrophysiology remain poorly defined. In this cross-sectional, community-based study of 3450 adults aged ≥ 60 years, we assessed associations between individual and combined PFAS exposures and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. Based on Minnesota Code classification, higher serum concentrations of multiple PFAS were associated with greater odds of both minor and major ECG abnormalities, with near-linear exposure-response trends. Weighted quantile sum regression assigned the highest mixture weights to 6:2 Cl-PFESA and several long-chain PFAS. Higher PFAS burden was linked to prolonged QRS duration and QTc and shortened T-wave duration, consistent with altered ventricular depolarization and repolarization. Domain-stratified and leave-one-domain-out analyses supported domain-dependent associations with repolarization metrics most consistently linked to 6:2 Cl-PFESA in minor abnormalities. Integrating in vitro electrophysiology with in silico molecular dynamics provided biological plausibility for the population findings. Overall, the study outlines a domain-resolved framework for subclinical cardiac electrical alterations associated with environmental chemical exposure and provides multilevel evidence of domain-specific associations between PFAS exposure and cardiac electrophysiological patterns.
{"title":"Associations of Serum PFAS with Electrocardiographic Abnormalities in Older Adults and Electrophysiological Characterization.","authors":"Nan Jiang,Beijing Cheng,Han Chen,Guojian Shao,Peng Zhang,Linsheng Yang,Ran Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c16480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c16480","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly persistent pollutants increasingly implicated in cardiovascular toxicity, yet their impacts on cardiac electrophysiology remain poorly defined. In this cross-sectional, community-based study of 3450 adults aged ≥ 60 years, we assessed associations between individual and combined PFAS exposures and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. Based on Minnesota Code classification, higher serum concentrations of multiple PFAS were associated with greater odds of both minor and major ECG abnormalities, with near-linear exposure-response trends. Weighted quantile sum regression assigned the highest mixture weights to 6:2 Cl-PFESA and several long-chain PFAS. Higher PFAS burden was linked to prolonged QRS duration and QTc and shortened T-wave duration, consistent with altered ventricular depolarization and repolarization. Domain-stratified and leave-one-domain-out analyses supported domain-dependent associations with repolarization metrics most consistently linked to 6:2 Cl-PFESA in minor abnormalities. Integrating in vitro electrophysiology with in silico molecular dynamics provided biological plausibility for the population findings. Overall, the study outlines a domain-resolved framework for subclinical cardiac electrical alterations associated with environmental chemical exposure and provides multilevel evidence of domain-specific associations between PFAS exposure and cardiac electrophysiological patterns.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indirect extracellular electron transfer (IEET) mediated by soluble electron shuttles is a critical pathway for anaerobic microbial respiration, influencing redox transformations and element cycling in natural environments. However, direct spatial visualization of the electron transfer extent has remained limited. Here, employing silver ions (Ag+) as electron traps and photothermal imaging of as-formed Ag nanoparticles, we visually demonstrated that microbes can effectively transfer electrons over centimeter distances. For instance, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 transferred electrons across 11.5 ± 1.0 mm within 24 h, reaching 12.4 ± 0.2 mm after 48 h. Both endogenous molecules (e.g., phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, riboflavin) and exogenous compounds (e.g., natural organic matter) could function as electron shuttles, mediating long electron transfer (12.0 ± 0.7 mm to 19.2 ± 0.8 mm for endogenous molecules, and 1.3 ± 0.2 mm to 2.5 ± 0.4 mm for exogenous molecules within 24 h, respectively). Moreover, long-distance IEET was observed in taxonomically and ecologically diverse microbes that are abundant in aquatic and terrestrial environments, confirming its ubiquity. Such long-distance IEET profoundly impacts elemental cycles, as exemplified by enhanced remote methanogenesis and reductive iron mineral dissolution, suggesting that centimeter-scale IEET enables microbial access to distant electron acceptors and promotes interspecies electron flow. Our study provides visualized evidence for the pivotal IEET processes and offers a robust in situ imaging approach for studying IEET-triggered biogeochemical processes.
{"title":"Visualizing Microbial Indirect Extracellular Electron Transfer.","authors":"Xingyi He,Junye Ma,Binbin Wu,Dawei Li,Jingyi Wang,Baoliang Chen,Chiheng Chu","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c00304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c00304","url":null,"abstract":"Indirect extracellular electron transfer (IEET) mediated by soluble electron shuttles is a critical pathway for anaerobic microbial respiration, influencing redox transformations and element cycling in natural environments. However, direct spatial visualization of the electron transfer extent has remained limited. Here, employing silver ions (Ag+) as electron traps and photothermal imaging of as-formed Ag nanoparticles, we visually demonstrated that microbes can effectively transfer electrons over centimeter distances. For instance, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 transferred electrons across 11.5 ± 1.0 mm within 24 h, reaching 12.4 ± 0.2 mm after 48 h. Both endogenous molecules (e.g., phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, riboflavin) and exogenous compounds (e.g., natural organic matter) could function as electron shuttles, mediating long electron transfer (12.0 ± 0.7 mm to 19.2 ± 0.8 mm for endogenous molecules, and 1.3 ± 0.2 mm to 2.5 ± 0.4 mm for exogenous molecules within 24 h, respectively). Moreover, long-distance IEET was observed in taxonomically and ecologically diverse microbes that are abundant in aquatic and terrestrial environments, confirming its ubiquity. Such long-distance IEET profoundly impacts elemental cycles, as exemplified by enhanced remote methanogenesis and reductive iron mineral dissolution, suggesting that centimeter-scale IEET enables microbial access to distant electron acceptors and promotes interspecies electron flow. Our study provides visualized evidence for the pivotal IEET processes and offers a robust in situ imaging approach for studying IEET-triggered biogeochemical processes.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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