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Selfie posting behavior, self-objectification and body image dissatisfaction among women 女性的自拍行为、自我矮化和身体形象不满意度
Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v9i4.2751
Aqsa Khalil, Maryam Qaiser, A. Anjum, Remsha Mustafa
The purpose of this study is to explore excessive selfie uploading behavior on social media sites among young women and its negative effects on women concepts related to their self and body image. Researches reveals that excessive selfie posting behavior among young women enhances self-objectification behavior. They spend a lot of their time and energy in taking and posting selfies, in editing their selfies just because of the factor to look beautiful and to get more likes and comments under their posts, and to meet the thin ideal beauty standards of social media, they are continually trying to present their self’s in manners that are perfect in every expect. On the other side these activities are disturbing their academic performances and their mental health as well. These activities also affect their interpersonal relationships with their families. A purposive sample of 450 women was taken from different areas of Sialkot, Pakistan from which 200 were screen out who fall on borderline according to the scoring criteria of selfitis behavior scale. A self- developed demographic sheet was administered along with Selfitis behavior scale (Balakrishnan & Griffiths, 2017), Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde, 1996) and Body shape questionnaire (Evans & Dolan, 1993) was used. For data analysis, Inferential statistics, Pearson product moment correlational was used to assess the relationship and Multiple regression and T-test was used to compare different variables through SPSS (V-22). Results showed significant positive relationship of overall SBS score with self-objectification and body image dissatisfaction (p<.000, p<.000). moreover, the results of Pearson product moment correlational also shows significant correlation with overall SBS scores with self-objectification and body image dissatisfaction (r<.423**, r<.616**).  Findings of this study provide awareness about how social networking sites are promoting selfie posting behavior among women of Sialkot, Pakistan. 
本研究旨在探讨年轻女性在社交网站上过度上传自拍照的行为及其对女性自我概念和身体形象的负面影响。研究显示,年轻女性过度上传自拍照的行为会增强自我矮化行为。她们花费大量的时间和精力来拍摄和发布自拍照,编辑自拍照,只是为了让自己看起来更美,让自己的帖子获得更多的点赞和评论,为了达到社交媒体上的瘦身理想美标准,她们不断努力以各种完美的方式展现自我。另一方面,这些活动也干扰了她们的学习成绩和心理健康。这些活动还影响了她们与家人的人际关系。我们从巴基斯坦锡亚尔科特市的不同地区有目的性地抽取了 450 名妇女,根据自我炎行为量表的评分标准,从中筛选出 200 名处于边缘的妇女。在使用自行编制的人口统计表的同时,还使用了自我炎行为量表(Balakrishnan & Griffiths,2017 年)、物化身体意识量表(McKinley & Hyde,1996 年)和身体形态问卷(Evans & Dolan,1993 年)。在数据分析中,使用了推断统计、皮尔逊乘积矩相关性来评估关系,并通过 SPSS(V-22)使用多元回归和 T 检验来比较不同变量。结果表明,SBS 总分与自我客体化和身体形象不满意度有明显的正相关关系(P<.000,P<.000)。此外,皮尔逊积矩相关性结果也表明,SBS 总分与自我客体化和身体形象不满意度有明显的相关关系(r<.423**,r<.616**)。 本研究的结果使人们认识到社交网站是如何促进巴基斯坦锡亚尔科特妇女的自拍行为的。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of training, mood and motivation on employee performance in Universities of Sindh, Pakistan 培训、情绪和动力对巴基斯坦信德省大学员工绩效的影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v7i4.1649
Amir Khushk
This research aims to examine the impact of training, mood, and motivation on employee performance in academia of Sindh province, Pakistan. Training plays a vital role in enhancing the skills, abilities, and confidence of employees to achieve their personal and organizational goals effectively. Moreover, the mood and motivation of employees are also considered necessary features for the performance of employees. Therefore, an employee performance survey was conducted by adopting a close-ended questionnaire based on a 5-points and 7-points Likert scale to identify the relationship and impact on the performance of faculty. The method of sampling was convenience sampling, which enabled us to reach 265 participants from four cities of Sindh, including Karachi, Sukker, Hyderabad, and Mirpurkhas. SPSS was used to analyze the data, which highlights that training and motivation have a strong positive relationship to the dependent variable i: e employee performance; mood and employee performance have a moderately positive relationship. Every competitive organization in today's world needs a skilled workforce to achieve its short- and long-term organizational goals, so it is the organization's responsibility.
本研究旨在探讨培训、情绪和动机对巴基斯坦信德省学术界员工绩效的影响。培训在提高员工技能、能力和信心,从而有效实现个人和组织目标方面起着至关重要的作用。此外,员工的情绪和动机也被认为是员工绩效的必要特征。因此,通过采用基于 5 点和 7 点李克特量表的封闭式问卷,进行了一次员工绩效调查,以确定与教职员工绩效的关系和影响。抽样方法为方便抽样,使我们能够接触到信德省卡拉奇、苏克、海得拉巴和米尔普尔卡斯四个城市的 265 名参与者。我们使用 SPSS 对数据进行了分析,结果表明,培训和激励与因变量(即员工绩效)之间存在较强的正相关关系;情绪与员工绩效之间存在中等程度的正相关关系。当今世界上每一个具有竞争力的组织都需要一支技术熟练的员工队伍来实现其短期和长期的组织目标,因此这是组织的责任。
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引用次数: 1
Retrospective view of SERVQUAL for prospective directions: A bibliometric analysis 以 SERVQUAL 的回溯视角为前瞻指引方向:文献计量分析
Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.31580/z2d92464
Javed Ali, Masroor Ali, Sadaf Latif, M. S. Korejo, Aisha Ghori
The current study aims to explore ‘SERVQUAL’, its variants in the literature, associations with service contexts and their service quality. Data is extracted from Scopus for the timeline of 1987 to 2020, and it is analysed in MS Excel & VOSviewer software. Co-authorship and Co-occurrence analysis have been performed to identify the links and collaborations among the items (authors, countries, and author keywords) globally. Findings of bibliometric mapping show that Han H. and Lee S. both have highest association with other authors, United States is on the top of other countries in collaborations and affiliations with greater total link strength (TLS). Diverse variants of SERVQUAL have been identified for different service contexts. Findings suggested underexplored SERVQUAL variants, services context, and subject areas for future research directions. This study presents the valuable insights regarding the variants of SERVQUAL that have been developed in the literature and the service context for future research.
本研究旨在探讨 "SERVQUAL"、其在文献中的变体、与服务环境及其服务质量的关联。数据提取自 Scopus,时间跨度为 1987 年至 2020 年,并通过 MS Excel 和 VOSviewer 软件进行分析。通过共著分析和共现分析,确定了全球各项目(作者、国家和作者关键词)之间的联系与合作。文献计量制图的结果表明,Han H. 和 Lee S. 与其他作者的关联度最高,美国在合作和关联方面位居其他国家之首,总关联强度(TLS)较大。针对不同的服务环境,SERVQUAL 也有不同的变体。研究结果提出了尚未充分探索的 SERVQUAL 变体、服务环境和未来研究方向的主题领域。本研究就文献中已开发的 SERVQUAL 变体和未来研究的服务背景提出了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainability in virtual education: A case study of virtual university of Pakistan 虚拟教育的可持续性:巴基斯坦虚拟大学案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v10i3.2830
B. A. Abbasi, Ambreen Gul
The penetration of technology has helped in better online learning and training around the world by minimizing the time and space issues coupled with traditional education and training. Regardless of the several benefits, keeping students on online platforms is an arduous task. Taking the case study of the Virtual University of Pakistan, this paper explores the impact of personal and environmental factors on online Leaner’s intention to continue through satisfaction. Primary data was gathered from 361 students of 3 regional campuses through a self-administrated closed-ended questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data in SmartPLS software. The study results indicate that only the provision of satisfying personal and environmental factors by distance learning higher education institutions can help them in attracting and retaining students. The post-COVID-19 situation has made the student intake and retention task even harder as the traditional education institution has also built the capabilities to provide online education and diminishing the niche market of virtual education institutions.
技术的渗透有助于在全球范围内更好地开展在线学习和培训,最大限度地减少了传统教育和培训的时间和空间问题。尽管有诸多益处,但让学生继续使用在线平台却是一项艰巨的任务。本文以巴基斯坦虚拟大学为例,探讨了个人和环境因素对在线学习者继续学习意愿的影响。通过自我管理的封闭式问卷,从 3 个地区校区的 361 名学生中收集了原始数据。在 SmartPLS 软件中使用偏最小二乘法结构方程模型(PLS-SEM)对数据进行分析。研究结果表明,只有远程高等教育机构提供令人满意的个人和环境因素,才能帮助它们吸引和留住学生。由于传统教育机构也具备了提供在线教育的能力,虚拟教育机构的利基市场正在缩小,因此后 COVID-19 时代的形势使学生的接收和保留任务变得更加困难。
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引用次数: 0
The impact factors of China’s outward foreign direct investment in Singapore 中国对新加坡对外直接投资的影响因素
Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v9i3.2724
Xue Ye, M. Don
The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic led to a global recession, but China's OFDI remained on a steady rise, attracting global attention. By the end of 2020, Singapore was the second most developed country after the US in terms of receiving outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) flows from China. The investment cooperation between China and Singapore played an important role in promoting the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative and enhancing the economic cooperation between China and ASEAN after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study delves into the influencing factors of Chinese OFDI to Singapore: home country institutions, host country institutions, and investment motives. This study takes Singapore as the research object and uses the data of China’s OFDI to Singapore from 2001 to 2020 to conduct an empirical analysis through a modified regression model to analyze the development of China’s OFDI to Singapore, so as to make contributions to: (1) providing empirical evidence for studying OFDI from developing to developed countries; (2) providing reference for investment cooperation in the post COVID period between China and Singapore.
突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情导致全球经济衰退,但中国对外直接投资保持稳定增长,受到全球关注。截至2020年底,新加坡是仅次于美国的中国对外直接投资(OFDI)第二发达国家。新冠肺炎疫情后,中新投资合作为推动“一带一路”高质量发展、加强中国与东盟经济合作发挥了重要作用。本研究探讨了中国对新加坡对外直接投资的影响因素:母国制度、东道国制度和投资动机。本研究以新加坡为研究对象,利用2001 - 2020年中国对新加坡的对外直接投资数据,通过修正回归模型进行实证分析,分析中国对新加坡的对外直接投资的发展情况,以期为研究发展中国家对发达国家的对外直接投资提供经验证据;(2)为中新两国在后疫情时期的投资合作提供借鉴。
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引用次数: 0
Performance of culinary SMEs and literacy digitalizations: An evidence from culinary SMEs in Indonesia 烹饪中小企业的绩效与识字数字化:来自印度尼西亚烹饪中小企业的证据
Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v9i4.2725
Marsdenia, K. Safitri
SMEs have faced a terrible situations regarding covid-19 pandemic as well as other business entity.There were previous study about SMEs either SMEs’ Performance or SMEs’ going concern. The conclusions of study on SMEs stated that digitalization literacy is one priority as a problem solving of SMEs’ sustainability. This article try to answer the questions weather digital literacy among culinary SMEs would assist and support SMEs going concern in the future. Methods for this study is qualitative approach and confirmed the result through indepth interview with key informants, such as tribal ancestors, SMEs’ actor, regulator, customer. The result of this study is digital literacy supported culinary SMEs in term of product provided and marketed, especially during period of covid-19 pandemic situations. It also means quality of SDM of SMEs actor should upgrading to achieved sustainability of culinary SMEs.The future research is the location and the kinds of product produced other than food and beverages such as services, tourism industry, the art and many other kinds of product and services provided by SMEs.
中小企业和其他企业一样,面临着新冠肺炎疫情的严峻形势。以前有关于中小企业的研究,无论是对中小企业的绩效还是对中小企业的持续经营。对中小企业的研究结论表明,数字化素养是解决中小企业可持续发展问题的一个优先事项。本文试图回答以下问题:烹饪中小企业的数字素养是否有助于和支持中小企业未来的持续经营。本研究采用定性方法,并通过对部落祖先、中小企业行动者、监管机构、客户等关键信息提供者的深度访谈来证实研究结果。这项研究的结果是,在提供和销售产品方面,特别是在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,数字素养支持了烹饪中小企业。这也意味着中小企业可持续发展管理的质量应该提升,以实现烹饪中小企业的可持续发展。未来的研究是位置和种类的产品生产以外的食品和饮料,如服务业,旅游业,艺术和许多其他种类的产品和服务提供的中小企业。
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引用次数: 0
Transformational leadership, organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior in the restaurant context 餐厅情境下的变革型领导、组织公正与组织公民行为
Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v9i4.2723
Muhammad Yasir, Muhammad Nisar Khan, Muhammad Hamayun, Muhammad Asad Khan, A. Ullah
This research investigates the association between transformational leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Moreover, organizational justice is analyzed as a mediating variable between transformational leadership behavior and OCB. This research was conducted in the restaurants of Pakistan, on a sample of 219 employees. The current study used correlation and regression analyses in order to test the hypothesized model. Findings of this research show that transformational leadership behavior and employees’ perception of organizational justice are significantly and positively related to employees’ OCB. In addition, the results also show that organizational justice perception mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and OCB. Thus, current research shows that the top management of the restaurants in Pakistan should focus on establishing transformational leadership behavior and also focus on the selection of individuals having transformational leadership qualities which have the ability to positively influence organizational justice perception thereby fostering OCB of employees. Lastly, this study provides its limitations and suggestions for further research.
本研究旨在探讨变革型领导与组织公民行为的关系。此外,本文还分析了组织公正作为变革型领导行为与组织公民行为之间的中介变量。这项研究是在巴基斯坦的餐馆进行的,样本是219名员工。本研究采用相关分析和回归分析来检验假设模型。本研究发现,变革型领导行为、员工组织公平感与员工组织公民行为存在显著正相关。此外,研究结果还表明,组织公平感在变革型领导与组织公民行为的关系中起中介作用。因此,目前的研究表明,巴基斯坦餐厅高层管理人员应注重建立变革型领导行为,并注重选择具有变革型领导品质的个人,这些个人有能力积极影响组织公正感知,从而培养员工的组织公民行为。最后,提出了本研究的局限性和进一步研究的建议。
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引用次数: 1
Conceptualization and critical dimensions of inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems 包容性创业生态系统的概念和关键维度
Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v9i4.2699
Kamran Hameed, Naveed Yazdani, Khuram Shahzad
While the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems has famously been capturing the holistic view of entrepreneurial development, the question of how entrepreneurial ecosystems can specifically foster inclusiveness and advance toward sustainable development goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations is still an underexplored area of research. Despite the fact that scholars have shown a growing interest in defining and measuring entrepreneurial ecosystems, this is still a neglected area of research in the context of marginalized communities. Previously the effectiveness of entrepreneurial ecosystems has largely been focused on aligning skills with opportunities, providing equal accessibility to available geographical resources, and supporting social networks with favourable policies. However, few studies explain social, economic and geographical issues faced by marginalized communities within the debate of entrepreneurial ecosystem. By critically analyzing the literature on entrepreneurial ecosystems, this paper conceptualizes the new construct of inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems and their related dimensions. At the interface research, scholars will create unique positioning by using theoretical advancement. Moreover, policy-makers could align their strategic goals with the purposed inclusive dimensions that transform the socio-economic conditions of marginalized communities.
虽然创业生态系统的概念以捕捉创业发展的整体观点而闻名,但创业生态系统如何具体促进包容性和推进联合国设定的可持续发展目标(sdg)的问题仍然是一个未被充分探索的研究领域。尽管学者们对定义和衡量创业生态系统越来越感兴趣,但在边缘化社区的背景下,这仍然是一个被忽视的研究领域。以前,创业生态系统的有效性主要集中在将技能与机会结合起来,提供对可用地理资源的平等获取,并以优惠政策支持社会网络。然而,很少有研究在创业生态系统的争论中解释边缘化社区所面临的社会、经济和地理问题。本文通过对创业生态系统相关文献的批判性分析,对包容性创业生态系统的新构建及其相关维度进行了概念化。在界面研究中,学者们会利用理论的先进性创造出独特的定位。此外,政策制定者可以将其战略目标与旨在改变边缘化社区社会经济状况的包容性方面结合起来。
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引用次数: 0
Gender bender organizational barriers and women’s career progression: Evidence from commercial banks in Pakistan 性别扭曲的组织障碍与女性职业发展:来自巴基斯坦商业银行的证据
Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v9i4.2683
Nayyah Aarsh Dar, Asim Saleem, Aisha Jamil, Anaam Aarsh Dar
The study aims to investigate the effect of gender bender organizational barriers on women career progression in Commercial Banks in Pakistan. The Perceived barriers were gender stereotype, socio-cultural beliefs, organizational structure, family responsibilities and individual characteristics. To serve that purpose, specifically branches of all public and private banks in twin cities i-e Islamabad and Rawalpindi, were selected. Survey research strategy was adopted to collect data from 252 branches of selected sample. Convenience sampling and random sampling techniques were used to select sample of branches. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among the three clusters which are top managers, middle managers and sub-ordinate. Collected data was tested on IBM SPSS by using multiple linear regression, descriptive statistics reliability and correlation analysis. The findings indicate that gender-specific organizational systems negatively affect women career progression in banks of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The theoretical support was provided by gender and feminist theories and Gendered Organizational Structure (GOS) Model” and its three sub-models.
本研究旨在探讨巴基斯坦商业银行性别歧视组织障碍对女性职业发展的影响。被认为的障碍是性别刻板印象、社会文化信仰、组织结构、家庭责任和个人特征。为了达到这一目的,选定了伊斯兰堡和拉瓦尔品第两座城市的所有公共和私人银行的分支机构。采用调查研究策略,选取样本的252个分支机构进行数据收集。采用方便抽样和随机抽样技术选择分支样本。在高层管理人员、中层管理人员和下级管理人员三组中分别发放自填问卷。收集的数据在IBM SPSS软件上进行多元线性回归、描述性统计信度和相关分析检验。研究结果表明,在伊斯兰堡和拉瓦尔品第的银行中,针对性别的组织系统对女性的职业发展产生了负面影响。性别与女性主义理论以及“性别组织结构模型”及其三个子模型为研究提供了理论支持。
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引用次数: 0
Does polychroncity affect employees’ performance? The mediating effect of employees’ engagement 多时间工作是否会影响员工的绩效?员工敬业度的中介效应
Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.31580/jmi.v9i4.2693
Tayabba Gul Pathan, Aneel Kumar, Muhammad Waqas Maharvi
This study integrated the person-job-fit theory to look into the association between polychronicity and employees’ performance mediated through employees’ engagement in education sector. By applying, random sampling, this study collected primary data from the teachers of Government colleges (N=187), through survey questionnaire. The results indicated the main effect of polychronicity and indirect effect through employee’s engagement on employees’ performance (in-role behaviour). Findings suggested a positive and significant relationship of Polychronicity with employees’ performance. The mediating role of employee’s engagement in the association between polychronicity and employees’ performance (in-role-behaviour) was also strongly supported by the results. Overall, this study contributed by established employees’ engagement as the missing link in the relationship between polychronicity and employees’ performance (in-role behaviour).
本研究结合个人-工作匹配理论,探讨了多工性与员工教育投入对员工绩效的影响。本研究采用随机抽样的方法,通过问卷调查的方式,收集了187名公立高校教师的原始数据。研究结果表明,员工敬业度对员工绩效(角色内行为)的主要影响是多时性,间接影响是多时性。研究发现,多重慢性与员工绩效存在显著正相关。员工敬业度在多重慢性病与员工绩效(角色内行为)之间的中介作用也得到了研究结果的有力支持。总体而言,本研究发现员工敬业度是多重性与员工绩效(角色内行为)关系中缺失的一环。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Management Info
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