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Local and Global Framework of Early Cinema in Lithuania: Vilnius Cinemas, Programme Formats and Audience 立陶宛早期电影的本地和全球框架:维尔纽斯电影院,节目形式和观众
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.14746/i.2022.41.02
Lina Kaminskaitė‐Jančorienė, Juozapas Paškauskas
The paper focuses on film culture in Lithuania by analysing the film programme advertisements in periodicals from the early cinema scene – 1907–1913. In the article, we present the specificities of the programmes of the key cinemas operating in Vilnius at that time, with reference to the programme composition by film type, genre, and the nature of film communication. A thorough analysis has allowed us to gain a clearer picture of film culture in the city, film circulation, and the communication strategies used by movie theatres to attract the audience. The analysis of this period enables a comparison of local early cinema processes in Lithuania with the global ones.
本文通过对立陶宛早期电影场景(1907-1913)期刊上的电影节目广告的分析,关注立陶宛的电影文化。在本文中,我们根据电影类型、类型和电影传播性质的节目组成,介绍了当时维尔纽斯主要电影院节目的特殊性。通过深入的分析,我们可以更清楚地了解城市的电影文化,电影的流通,以及电影院吸引观众的传播策略。对这一时期的分析使立陶宛当地早期电影进程与全球电影进程进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
Transfiguracja – Piękna złośnica Jacques’a Rivette’a w świetle mimo-sekularnej myśli o filmie i mediach światłowodowych
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.05
J. Bohdziewicz
The essay is an interpretation of the film by Jacques Rivette La Belle Noiseuse (1991) within the context of post-secular studies. The sketch is inspired primarily by the writings of Martin Heidegger and Jean-Luc Nancy, and it also corresponds with the Bible and biblical studies. The author describes the creative process shown in the film as an act of salvation which occurs between the painter and his model. The hiding of the resulting image is understood here in relation to the passion, cross and burial of Jesus which brings the hope for a liberated life and “the new creation”. The film is made in a very consistent way, which opens up the perspective of crossing the world of images, paintings and classical films (the world of stage), towards the art of mutual respect (the world of interface). Rivette’s work contains a multitude of relevant observations and indications regarding psychology, religion and culture, but it also reveals the possibility of a new way of thinking about film and the media, close to Nancy’s post-metaphysical thought.
这篇文章是在后世俗研究的背景下对雅克·里维特的电影《美丽的噪音》(1991)的解读。素描是灵感的作品主要由马丁海德格尔和jean - luc南希,而且也符合圣经和圣经研究。作者将电影中的创作过程描述为画家和模特之间的救赎行为。由此产生的图像的隐藏在这里被理解为与耶稣的激情,十字架和埋葬有关,这带来了解放生活和“新创造”的希望。影片以一种非常一致的方式制作,开辟了跨越影像世界、绘画世界和古典电影世界(舞台世界),走向相互尊重的艺术(界面世界)的视角。里维特的作品包含了大量与心理学、宗教和文化相关的观察和暗示,但它也揭示了一种思考电影和媒体的新方式的可能性,这种方式接近于南希的后形而上学思想。
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引用次数: 0
W poszukiwaniu hierofanii – o filmie Góra Sulejmana Jelizawiety Stiszowej
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.10
J. Czaja
The subject of the article is Elizaveta Stishova's film Suleiman Mountain, the action of which focuses on the Kyrgyz mountain, surrounded by religious veneration. The title place is treated as a spatial hierophany, that is, according to Mircea Eliade's concept, a place where and through which the sacred is revealed. The text will analyze the film's space-time and its symbolic dimension, and the characters' relations with the title place, especially the relationship between women and the mountain and its mythical character.  
本文的主题是Elizaveta Stishova的电影《苏莱曼山》(Suleiman Mountain),影片的情节集中在吉尔吉斯山脉,周围环绕着宗教崇拜。标题的地方被视为一个空间层次,也就是说,根据米尔恰·埃利亚德的概念,一个神圣的地方被揭示出来。本文将分析影片的时空及其象征维度,以及人物与片名地点的关系,特别是女性与山的关系及其神话性格。
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引用次数: 0
Główne nurty w badaniach nad filmem i religią
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.01
Adam Domalewski
The article is a meta-study and provides an original typology of research on film and religion, based on Polish and English academic sources. The author proposes to divide this field of research into four main domains, which he names successively: substantial-theological, anthropological-mythological, socio-cultural and post-secular. The following descriptive criteria were used to introduce this division: the relationship between religion and culture adopted (usually implicitly) in a given direction of research, the concept of both human and religion emerging from them, and the established subject and scope of research, as well as the basic set of tools used within them. The proposed systematic is intended to help capture the significant differences between the main types of research on film and religion, both in terms of research assumptions, methods of analysis, and set goals.
本文是一项元研究,基于波兰和英国的学术资料,提供了电影和宗教研究的原始类型学。作者建议将这一研究领域划分为四个主要领域,并依次命名为:实体-神学、人类学-神话、社会-文化和后世俗。以下描述标准用于介绍这种划分:在特定研究方向中采用的(通常是隐含的)宗教与文化之间的关系,从中产生的人类和宗教的概念,确定的主题和研究范围,以及其中使用的基本工具集。所提出的系统旨在帮助捕捉电影和宗教研究的主要类型之间的显著差异,无论是在研究假设,分析方法和设定目标方面。
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引用次数: 1
Shimmer and whisper 闪烁低语
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.15
Witold Stok
The author of the article, one of the acclaimed Polish cinematographers, describes his practical eforts involved in making two short documentary films on Holocaust directed by him. The first one,Sonderzug (1978), was based on Stok’s idea to recreate his first emotional reaction to the landscape around Treblinka in the film that lasts 9 minutes, as long as the way of the Jews from the ramp to their end in the death camp. The other film, Prayer (1981), is the portrayal of a Japanese Buddhist monk praying at the site of the former Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. The formal inspiration of the film came from Japanese visual art.
这篇文章的作者是一位著名的波兰电影摄影师,他描述了他在拍摄两部由他执导的关于大屠杀的纪录片短片时所做的实际努力。第一部,《Sonderzug》(1978),是基于斯托克的想法,在电影中重现他对特雷布林卡周围风景的第一次情感反应,时长9分钟,就像犹太人从坡道到死亡集中营的终点一样长。另一部电影《祈祷》(1981)描绘了一名日本佛教僧侣在奥斯威辛-比克瑙集中营旧址祈祷的情景。影片的形式灵感来源于日本的视觉艺术。
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引用次数: 0
Protest kobiet. Wizerunek katolicyzmu w wytwórczości współczesnych polskich reżyserek
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.08
K. Kornacki
In the second decade of the 20th century (especially in the years 2016-2020), a significant number of films by Polish female directors were released in which Catholicism and the Catholic Church were attacked. They were: W imię… [In the Name of…], Body/ciało [Body], Twarz (Mug) and Córka boga [The Other Lamb] – all directed by Małgorzata Szumowska; Dzikie róże [Wild Roses] by Anna Jadowska, Pokot [Spoor] by Agnieszka Holland and Kasia Adamik, Wieża. Jasny dzień [Tower. A Bright Day] by Jagoda Szelc, Powrót, [Back Home] by Magdalena Łazarkiewicz, Maryjki [Marygoround] by Daria Woszek, as well as a documentary Komunia  [Communion] by Anna Zamecka. The polemic related to the above-mentioned movies commented on the religiosity of Catholics and the quality of the institutional church (priests, hierarchies, methods of ministering and teaching), religious control and repression of corporeality and sexuality (including female sexuality), and Catholicism as the foundation of the patriarchal system. These films also feature elements of the "positive program", a proposal for a new cultural paradigm (new spirituality), organized around Nature, with the suggestion of matriarchy. From the point of view of social communication, the content and poetics of above-mentioned the films were similar, according to the author, to the content of the protests of the Ogólnopolski Strajk Kobiet (Polish Women's Strike), which demonstrated in 2016 and 2020 against the tightening of abortion laws.
在20世纪的第二个十年(特别是2016-2020年),波兰女导演发行了大量抨击天主教和天主教会的电影。他们分别是:《以…的名义》、《Body/ciało》、《Twarz》(马克)和《Córka boga》(另一只羔羊)——都是由Małgorzata·苏莫夫斯卡执导的;Dzikie róże[野玫瑰]Anna Jadowska, Pokot [Spoor]由Agnieszka Holland和Kasia Adamik, Wieża。贾斯尼·齐耶[塔]。Jagoda Szelc的《A Bright Day》,Powrót, Magdalena的《Back Home》Łazarkiewicz, Daria Woszek的《Maryjki》,以及Anna Zamecka的纪录片《Komunia》。与上述电影有关的争论评论了天主教徒的宗教性和机构教会的质量(牧师,等级制度,服务和教学方法),对肉体和性(包括女性性)的宗教控制和压制,以及天主教作为父权制度的基础。这些电影还具有“积极计划”的元素,这是一种围绕自然组织的新文化范式(新灵性)的提议,带有母权制的暗示。作者认为,从社会传播的角度来看,上述电影的内容和诗学与2016年和2020年反对收紧堕胎法的Ogólnopolski Strajk Kobiet(波兰妇女罢工)抗议活动的内容相似。
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引用次数: 0
Religious and quasi-religious attitudes in four Polish documentaries from 2008–2019 2008-2019年四部波兰纪录片中的宗教和准宗教态度
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.07
Krzysztof Kopczyński
The paper aims to present different ways of showing religious and quasi-religious attitudes in contemporary Polish documentaries. The discussion is based on four feature-length films: Kites by Beata Dzianowicz (2008), Communion by Anna Zamecka (2016), Who Will Write Our History by Roberta Grossman (2018), and Tell No One by Tomasz Sekielski (2019). The author evaluates the methodological usefulness of reflection in the documentary of the “religious film” category used in Polish research and the concept of “transcendent(al) style” taken from Paul Schrader’s book. Occasionally touching upon the question of the relationship with audiences, the author also mentions the paradigm of Polish Romanticism present in contemporary culture.
本文旨在呈现当代波兰纪录片中表现宗教和准宗教态度的不同方式。讨论基于四部长片:贝娅塔·德兹亚诺维奇的《风筝》(2008)、安娜·扎梅卡的《圣餐》(2016)、罗伯塔·格罗斯曼的《谁将书写我们的历史》(2018)和托马兹·塞克尔斯基的《不要告诉任何人》(2019)。作者评估了波兰研究中使用的“宗教电影”类别纪录片中反思的方法论有用性,以及保罗·施拉德(Paul Schrader)书中“超越(al)风格”的概念。偶尔谈到与观众的关系问题,作者也提到了波兰浪漫主义在当代文化中的范式。
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引用次数: 0
Symbolika barw w „sakralnym” kinie Kantemira Bałagowa
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.11
Justyna Machaj
Celem pracy jest analiza twórczości filmowej rosyjskiego reżysera i scenarzysty Kantemira Bałagowa. Na podstawie dwóch pełnometrażowych produkcji – Bliskości (2017) oraz Wysokiej dziewczyny (2019) zwrócono uwagę na formalny aspekt wymienionych filmów, rolę feminizacji narracji historycznej, a także złożoną sieć inspiracji (kinowe klasyki i rosyjska literatura). Istotnym dla twórczości Bałagowa jest kontekst społeczno-polityczny Rosji, który służy omawianemu twórcy jako narzędzie rewizji narodowych mitów. Uzupełnieniem rozległego portretu reżysera jest charakterystyka twórczości Aleksandra Sokurowa, wprowadzająca istotny dla badań aspekt prawosławnego ikonopisarstwa. Autorka wskazuje, że kluczy interpretacyjnych dla twórczości Sokurowa i Bałagowa należy poszukać właśnie w symbolice prawosławnych ikon. Ambicją niniejszej pracy jest poszerzenie aktualnego stanu badań nad filmografią Kantemira Bałagowa, który obecnie ogranicza się do premierowych recenzji oraz festiwalowych wywiadów.
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引用次数: 0
Andrey Zvyagintsev’s Loveless as the remediation of Mikhail Bulgakov’s The heart of a dog. Towards the question of cultural memory 安德烈·兹雅金采夫的《无爱》弥补了米哈伊尔·布尔加科夫的《狗的心》。关于文化记忆的问题
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.09
Beata Waligórska-Olejniczak
The article aims to examine the relationship between two texts: Loveless (Нелюбовь, 2017), the latest of Andrey Zvyagintsev’s feature films, and The Heart of a Dog (Собачье сердце, 1925), one of Mikhail Bulgakov’s most popular short stories. The studies are focused on finding the parallels showing the work of cultural memory, which is understood – following Aleida Assmann’s and Astrid Erll’s findings – as the process of continuous remediation, retranscription and negotiation of essential ideas in the space of culture. Consequently, the author is not interested in treating Zvyagintsev’s text as the illustration of Bulgakov’s plot, but rather in discussing certain topics which are deposited in Russian literature and constantly reused and reinterpreted, creating the framework for communication across ‘the abyss of time’. The analogies between the selected texts are sought in the area of their structure, some thematic overlapping, the authors’ approach to the issue of the authoritarian ideology and the role of technology as well as in exploring the function of space as one of the narrative mechanisms, in particular in the context of the category of home and anti-home.
本文旨在考察两个文本之间的关系:安德烈·兹维亚金采夫的最新故事片《无爱》(Нелюбовь, 2017)和米哈伊尔·布尔加科夫最受欢迎的短篇小说之一《狗的心》(Собачье сердце, 1925)。这些研究的重点是寻找显示文化记忆工作的相似之处,根据Aleida Assmann和Astrid Erll的发现,文化记忆被理解为文化空间中基本思想的持续修复、重新转录和协商的过程。因此,作者无意将Zvyagintsev的文本作为布尔加科夫情节的说明,而是讨论俄罗斯文学中沉积并不断重复使用和重新解释的某些主题,从而创建跨越“时间深渊”的交流框架。所选文本之间的相似性是在它们的结构,一些主题重叠,作者对威权意识形态和技术作用问题的处理方法以及探索空间作为叙事机制之一的功能方面寻求的,特别是在家庭和反家庭类别的背景下。
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引用次数: 0
Filmowe reprezentacje ostatniej wieczerzy jako locus theologicus (trzy wizje biblijnej sceny)
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.02
Iwona Kolasińska-Pasterczyk
The cinematic scenes of the Last Supper were treated as a challenge to visual theology. As the Last Supper, which in the films about Jesus of Nazareth (and, of course, the gospels) is the culmination (and also a turning point as an event ending Jesus` earthly activity), it is possible to see the essence of the theological message of films referring to the gospel in its presentation. The scenes of the Last Supper from three films were subjected  to a comparative analysis, each of which is an individual director`s vision. These are The King of Kings (1961) by Nicholas Ray, The Passion of the Christ (2004) by Mel Gibson and The Thorn of God (2015) by Óscar Parra de Carrizosa. The selection criterion was the importance given in the films to the scenes of the Last Supper and their mutually diverse representations. It has been shown how the established new transmission of visual theology modifies the meanings determined by classical theology, basically not deviating from the framework set by it.
《最后的晚餐》的电影场景被视为对视觉神学的挑战。在关于拿撒勒人耶稣(当然,还有福音书)的电影中,最后的晚餐是高潮(也是结束耶稣尘世活动的转折点),因此我们可以看到电影中神学信息的本质是指福音的呈现。对三部电影中的《最后的晚餐》场景进行了对比分析,每一部都是导演的个人视角。分别是尼古拉斯·雷的《万王之王》(1961)、梅尔·吉布森的《耶稣受难传》(2004)和Óscar帕拉·德·卡里佐萨的《上帝之刺》(2015)。评选标准是电影中对《最后的晚餐》场景的重视程度及其相互差异的表现形式。已经确立的视觉神学新传播是如何修改经典神学所确定的意义的,基本上没有偏离经典神学所设定的框架。
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引用次数: 0
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Images (Poland)
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