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Yesterday and today: (extra)ordinary records in an area of agrarian reform in Brazil 昨天和今天:巴西土地改革领域的(特别)普通记录
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.1177/17577438221093857
Línlya Sachs, Cintia Aparecida Paião, Whendelly LL Alves
This paper aims to present two potential instruments that will address the lack of knowledge in regard to the context of students’ reality from teaching professionals in a specific school, these being: a local historiography (record of yesterday), based on oral history; and a reality inventory (record of today), elaborated from the assumptions of action research. Moreover, the objective is to argue the potential they have so as to avoid, on the part of school professionals, the mistake of not knowing the reality of the context of students. To achieve this, we present a brief description of the experiences we have had with these instruments in an area of agrarian reform with the Landless Workers Movement (MST), in southern Brazil. The study concludes with certain characteristics that are involved in the process of creating these instruments in order to achieve their potential, that is the support of local leaders, collaboration with the community, and the connection with the research.
本文旨在提出两种潜在的工具,以解决特定学校的教学专业人员对学生现实背景缺乏知识的问题,它们是:基于口述历史的地方史学(昨天的记录);以及一份现实清单(今天的记录),根据行动研究的假设进行阐述。此外,目的是论证他们的潜力,以避免学校专业人员犯下不了解学生实际情况的错误。为了实现这一目标,我们简要介绍了我们在巴西南部无地工人运动的土地改革领域使用这些工具的经验。该研究的结论是,在创建这些工具以实现其潜力的过程中,涉及到某些特征,即地方领导人的支持、与社区的合作以及与研究的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Getting past the gatekeeper: Cultural competence, field access and researching gender-based violence – Evidence from four countries 越过守门人:文化能力、实地访问和研究基于性别的暴力——来自四个国家的证据
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1177/17577438221092274
Paul Miller, Gillian Kirkman, Susan Timmins, Rukmini Banerjee, Anne Panicker, K. Nelson, Adele D Jones, E. Ochen
Background: Increasingly researchers are recognising the importance of including the perspectives of children and young people in research and in the development of interventions and innovations, in order to understand children's lives on their own terms. Purpose: This article reflects on the potential risks posed to children and young people in research and the role of gatekeepers in granting access and, in direct field activities, especially where the research could be deemed as ‘sensitive’. Research Design:Using a combined descriptive and autoethnographic research design, questionnaires and reflections were gathered from the field experiences of researchers in four countries (India, Jamaica, Uganda and the UK) conducting research on children's experiences of violence victimisation as part of a gender-based violence prevention project. Data was collected retrospectively and analysed thematically with the aid of QSR NVivo. Results: Based on the five themes that emerged: accessing schools; approach to access; accessing participants; lessons learnt; and advice for other researchers, the overall findings indicate that researching sensitive topics with children and young people is necessarily problematic in order to safeguard them. This is especially the case in contexts where discrimination and stigma relating to certain topics may be a significant barrier to children's participation. Conclusion: Research planning requires attention to gatekeeper power, safeguarding children and young people, and understanding how processes and attitudes concerning the status and rights of children at national and institutional levels might influence the research process.
背景:越来越多的研究人员认识到在研究和干预和创新的发展中纳入儿童和年轻人的观点的重要性,以便根据儿童自己的条件了解他们的生活。目的:本文反映了研究中对儿童和年轻人构成的潜在风险,以及在授予访问权和直接实地活动中守门人的作用,特别是在研究可能被视为“敏感”的情况下。研究设计:采用描述性和自人种学相结合的研究设计,从四个国家(印度、牙买加、乌干达和英国)的研究人员的实地经验中收集问卷和反思,这些研究人员正在进行关于儿童遭受暴力侵害的经历的研究,作为基于性别的暴力预防项目的一部分。回顾性收集数据,并借助QSR NVivo进行主题分析。结果:根据出现的五个主题:进入学校;获取途径;访问参与者;经验教训;对其他研究人员的建议是,总体研究结果表明,为了保护儿童和年轻人,研究敏感话题必然是有问题的。在与某些主题有关的歧视和耻辱可能成为儿童参与的重大障碍的情况下,情况尤其如此。结论:研究规划需要注意看门人的权力,保护儿童和年轻人,并了解国家和机构层面有关儿童地位和权利的进程和态度可能如何影响研究进程。
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引用次数: 3
Interpretive frameworks for narrative inquiry studies of English language teaching in Asia: Displacing the research context? 亚洲英语教学叙事探究研究的解释框架:取代研究语境?
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.1177/17577438221093629
D. Loo, Jariya Sairattanain
Interpretive frameworks may be helpful to understand narratives, yet they also risk displacing unique information of the research context. In this paper, we argue that such is the case in narrative inquiry studies of English language teaching set in the Asian context, perhaps due to the pressure to use familiar interpretive frameworks that are sanctioned by scholars. Through meta-ethnography, we examined recent narrative inquiry studies set in Asia. It was observed that the research findings do not offer any critical insights about the context of the study; instead, they add to the prevalence of broad constructs of English language education, such as the components of identity. For future narrative inquiry research, we recommend researchers to consider utilizing local meanings pertinent to the study context as an analytical lens, as a means to Asianize the field.
解释性框架可能有助于理解叙事,但也有可能取代研究背景中的独特信息。在本文中,我们认为,在亚洲背景下的英语教学叙事探究研究中,情况就是这样,可能是因为使用学者认可的熟悉的解释框架的压力。通过元民族志,我们考察了最近以亚洲为背景的叙事探究研究。据观察,研究结果没有提供任何关于研究背景的批判性见解;相反,它们增加了英语教育的广泛结构的流行,例如身份的组成部分。对于未来的叙事探究研究,我们建议研究人员考虑利用与研究背景相关的地方意义作为分析视角,作为将该领域亚洲化的一种手段。
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引用次数: 1
Transforming through power: Teachers identity in schools 权力转化:学校教师的身份认同
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/17577438221080261
Madhu Narayanan
Schools are unique institutions where structural and cultural dynamics shape the actions of humans. Power is everywhere, and the structures of schools channel power in ways that shape the identities of teachers. Yet, teachers find ways to challenge existing dynamics and in their confrontations with power can create new ways of being. This study uses a grounded theory approach to analyze interviews and observations of seven New York City public school teachers. Emerging from their words and re-tellings is a picture of teaching as an act of self-creation within the rigid dynamics of schools. As teachers sought their own answers, they showcased a transformative growth, a “becoming,” to build new identities through their work with students and the community.
学校是结构和文化动态塑造人类行为的独特机构。权力无处不在,学校的结构以塑造教师身份的方式引导权力。然而,教师找到挑战现有动态的方法,并在与权力的对抗中创造新的存在方式。本研究采用扎根理论的方法对7位纽约市公立学校教师的访谈和观察进行分析。从他们的话语和复述中,我们可以看到,在学校僵化的动态环境中,教学是一种自我创造的行为。当教师们寻求自己的答案时,他们展示了一种变革性的成长,一种“成为”,通过与学生和社区的合作建立新的身份。
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引用次数: 0
Researching in tabooed phenomena: A discussion of method, theory, and ethics 禁忌现象的研究:方法、理论与伦理的讨论
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/17577438211066559
Gerda Christensen
The aim of this article is to discuss how to research into phenomena that no one wants to talk about: silenced and tabooed phenomena. With the outset in data culled in two research projects concerning student’s conceptualization of small group learning, the article discusses methodology, theory, and ethics in researching into silenced and tabooed phenomena of in educational settings. The article is theoretical inspired by the Israeli sociologist Evitar Zerubavel, the French philosopher Michel Foucault and the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben.
本文的目的是讨论如何研究无人愿意谈论的现象:沉默和禁忌现象。本文从两个关于学生小组学习概念化的研究项目中收集的数据入手,讨论了研究教育环境中沉默和禁忌现象的方法论、理论和伦理。这篇文章的理论灵感来自以色列社会学家埃维塔尔·泽鲁巴维尔、法国哲学家米歇尔·福柯和意大利哲学家乔治·阿甘本。
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引用次数: 0
Jamaican teachers’ perspectives on their power and empowerment at their schools 牙买加教师对学校权力和赋权的看法
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/17577438211070554
Canute S Thompson, Ann-Marie Wilmot
This qualitative study explores the perspectives of nine teachers in leadership positions on the issue of power, specifically the amount of power that they possess and how that level of power impacts their work. Data for the study were gathered using a focus group interview. The study found that most of the teachers have a common understanding of power but assess their level of empowerment to be at different levels. All nine teachers hold the view that their level of empowerment impacts their effectiveness in their roles. The findings of the study invite further research on how these teachers’ sense of their sources of power and how they use those powers can impact their effectiveness. The study has implications for organizational leadership, planning, operational management, and performance of the schools studied. Additionally, its insights are potentially transferrable to other schools and organizational settings in which power-sharing and the development of emerging leaders are being explored and implemented.
这项定性研究探讨了九名担任领导职务的教师对权力问题的看法,特别是他们拥有的权力数量,以及这种权力水平如何影响他们的工作。该研究的数据是通过焦点小组访谈收集的。研究发现,大多数教师对权力有着共同的理解,但对他们的赋权水平的评估不同。九位教师都认为,他们的赋权水平会影响他们发挥作用的有效性。这项研究的结果促使人们进一步研究这些教师对自己权力来源的感觉以及他们如何使用这些权力如何影响他们的有效性。这项研究对所研究学校的组织领导力、规划、运营管理和绩效都有影响。此外,它的见解可能会转移到其他学校和组织环境中,在这些学校和组织中,正在探索和实施权力共享和新兴领导者的发展。
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引用次数: 1
Defining and finding an endgame in education on race 定义并找到种族教育的终点
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/17577438211052643
Jerel M. Ezell, Angie Torres-Beltran, S. Hamdi
Long regarded as the “great equalizer” across all social identity categories, including race/ethnicity, class, and gender, the education system plays a pronounced role in the curation and dissemination of knowledge on social stratification. In contemporary times, this role is perhaps no more evident than in academia’s gatekeeping role in discussions of race and racism. Contemporary racial injustice in the U.S. provides raw material for consideration of how the American education system in particular has articulated the forces that give rise to racial injustice and, in turn, how academia shapes--and also places itself inside and outside of--these conversations. Examining the pedagogy of “education on race,” this piece explores whether academia can be expected to meaningfully set a course for addressing systemic and structural racism, or indeed directly address it. Considering Foucault, Freire, and Bonilla-Silva’s interlocking arguments about the persuasive nature of power, we contextualize the emergence of corrosive academic "love languages" on race to explore how educational institutes produce and reproduce systems of oppression through gestures of racial solidarity that stop purposefully short of substantive action. We close with a proposal for using indigenous, empathy-focused interventions to generate impactful dialogue and action towards anti-racism in educational spaces and beyond.
长期以来,教育系统被视为跨越所有社会身份类别(包括种族/民族、阶级和性别)的“伟大均衡器”,在管理和传播有关社会分层的知识方面发挥着显著的作用。在当代,这一角色在学术界对种族和种族主义讨论中的把关作用可能并不比这更明显。当代美国的种族不公正现象为思考美国教育体系(尤其是美国教育体系)是如何明确表达导致种族不公正的力量,以及反过来,学术界是如何塑造——并将自己置于这些对话的内部和外部——提供了原始材料。这篇文章考察了“种族教育”的教学法,探讨了学术界是否可以有意义地为解决系统性和结构性种族主义设置课程,或者实际上直接解决它。考虑到福柯、弗莱雷和博尼拉-席尔瓦关于权力的说服性本质的相互关联的论点,我们将种族问题上具有腐蚀性的学术“爱的语言”的出现置于背景中,以探索教育机构如何通过种族团结的姿态产生和再现压迫系统,而这种姿态有目的地停止了实质性的行动。最后,我们提出了一项建议,即利用土著的、以移情为重点的干预措施,在教育空间及其他领域开展有影响力的反种族主义对话和行动。
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引用次数: 0
“Exploring a task-based English learning and teaching practice: An integrated approach” 探索任务型英语学习与教学实践:一种整合的方法
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/17577438211049131
Chunxian Zheng
This ethnographic study attempts to find, reveal, and understand the quality of life in a College English classroom for non-English majors in China, where a task-based language learning and teaching practice is conducted under the guide of the principles of Exploratory Practice, aiming at exploring the viability of the practice in this specific instructional context. It takes the perspective of a practitioner’s and researcher’s, and that of an anthropologist’s, to conduct qualitatively the study of the task process. By inspiring students to free themselves from the rationality of instrumental curriculum, and encouraging them to exercise their agency and creativity, through the joint four-stage activities of the task, the study witnesses a harmonious classroom life, in which the students, in the direction of their teacher, engage actively in the activities, creating not only language learning opportunities, but also social and cultural ones, and critical thinking chances. The study confirms the positive effect of this context-sensitive instructional practice which prioritizes quality of life in the task-based language learning and teaching classroom.
本民族志研究试图发现、揭示和理解中国非英语专业大学英语课堂的生活质量,在探索性实践原则的指导下进行任务型语言学习与教学实践,旨在探索这种实践在特定教学情境下的可行性。它需要实践者和研究者的视角,以及人类学家的视角,对任务过程进行定性研究。通过任务的四个阶段的联合活动,激发学生从工具性课程的合理性中解放出来,鼓励他们发挥能动性和创造性,使学生在教师的指导下积极参与活动,不仅创造了语言学习的机会,而且创造了社会和文化的机会,创造了批判性思维的机会,创造了和谐的课堂生活。该研究证实了这种情境敏感型教学实践的积极作用,它在任务型语言学习和教学课堂中优先考虑生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Gender equality and educational leadership in Chinese schools 性别平等与中国学校的教育领导力
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1177/17577438211058965
Christine Cunningham, Susan Hill, Wei Zhang
In this article, we explore more than 100 Chinese school leaders’ views about gender, equality and the historical and social contexts of Chinese education that they have experienced. China’s success in international student assessment programmes is rising, and Chinese females are continuing a steady trend of outdoing their male counterparts at all levels of schooling. So importance grows for the world to better understand Chinese education and the influential roles leaders, especially women leaders, hold in that sector. Our research is underpinned by a theoretical framework that considers whether gender role-modelling by school leaders affects students’ beliefs about gender roles and norms because they observe adult staff in schools for years. We present data that reveal most of our participants believe they are leading schools in China where gender equality is being role modelled and has been achieved. We discuss and theorise about a form of ‘gender equality with Chinese characteristics’ which seems to value a rigid gender binary with different, gendered expectations for adults. Finally, we consider whether Chinese school leaders may be reinforcing rather than changing gender inequality, even with the best intentions that they do not.
在这篇文章中,我们探讨了100多位中国学校领导对性别、平等以及他们所经历的中国教育的历史和社会背景的看法。中国在国际学生评估项目中的成功率正在上升,中国女性在各级教育中都继续保持着超越男性的稳定趋势。因此,让世界更好地了解中国教育以及领导人,尤其是女性领导人在该领域的影响力,变得越来越重要。我们的研究以一个理论框架为基础,该框架考虑了学校领导的性别角色塑造是否会影响学生对性别角色和规范的信念,因为他们多年来一直在学校观察成年教职员工。我们提供的数据显示,我们的大多数参与者认为他们是中国领先的学校,在那里,性别平等正在被树立榜样,并已经实现。我们讨论并理论化了一种“具有中国特色的性别平等”形式,它似乎重视对成年人有不同性别期望的僵化的性别二元性。最后,我们考虑中国学校领导是否可能在加强而不是改变性别不平等,即使他们没有这样做的初衷是好的。
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引用次数: 1
Decolonizing and re-theorizing radical democratic education: Toward a politics and practice of refusal 激进民主教育的去殖民化和重新理论化:走向拒绝的政治和实践
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI: 10.1177/17577438211062349
Michalinos Zembylas
The aim of this article is twofold: first, it seeks to discuss the relationship between democracy and colonization, and to examine the implications of this relationship for democratic education and, second, it turns to decolonial thinking as a resource for critiquing and reconstructing “radical democratic education.” A decolonial critique offers two crucial insights to radical democratic education that draws on Mouffe’s theory of radical democracy: first, it shows how Mouffe’s theory entails the risk of re-inscribing the hegemony of liberal democratic principles because this theory is insufficiently attentive to the harms caused by dispossessions of colonized peoples, especially the loss of their land and, second, a decolonial critique highlights the role of recent ethico-political movements such as “refusal” in resurrecting and rehabilitating the radical promise of democratic education. These insights have practical implications for those who are rethinking radical democratic education in terms of an expanded notion of democracy encompassing subaltern standpoints.
本文的目的是双重的:首先,它试图讨论民主与殖民之间的关系,并研究这种关系对民主教育的影响;其次,它转向非殖民思想,作为批评和重建“激进民主教育”的资源。非殖民化的批判为激进民主教育提供了两个重要的见解,这些见解借鉴了墨菲的激进民主理论:首先,它展示了墨菲的理论如何带来重新铭文自由民主原则霸权的风险,因为这一理论没有充分关注殖民地人民被剥夺财产所造成的危害,特别是失去他们的土地;其次,一个非殖民化的批评强调了最近的伦理政治运动的作用,如“拒绝”在复活和恢复民主教育的激进承诺。这些见解对那些正在重新思考激进民主教育的人具有实际意义,他们认为民主的概念扩大了,包括了下层的立场。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Power and Education
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