Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献_第2页

The 1–1–1 technique: A modified novel approach to feline ovariohysterectomy with minimal incision, rapid recovery and antibiotic free outcomes 1-1-1技术：一种改进的猫卵巢子宫切除术新方法，切口小，恢复快，无抗生素效果

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100582

Sohag Talukder , Saiful Islam Siddiqui , Johir Raihan , Jahaidul Islam Jowel , Rupon Islam Shuvo , Saiful Islam , Sultan Ahmed , A.T.M. Mahbub-E-Elahi

This study describes the development and clinical outcomes of the ''1–1–1 Technique'', a modified novel surgical approach for feline ovariohysterectomy. The technique is characterized by a single 0.5–0.7 cm incision, one suture each layer in the uterus, muscle, and skin with strict aseptic handling without the use of peri or postoperative antibiotics. A routine clinical case series involving client owned cats (n = 40) was performed using only intramuscularly (IM) ketamine and xylazine without any additional medications. A single left lateral flank incision of 0.5–0.7 cm was made in 2 inches below to the midline between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebra, extending through the abdominal muscles and peritoneum. The ovarian and uterine pedicles were ligated, then the muscle layers and skin layers were sutured like a water drop using only one absorbable suture and ensuring effective hemostasis. Povidone-iodine was applied to each tissue layer during closure to maintain aseptic conditions. No intraoperative complications were observed, and mean surgical time was 14.6 ± 2.4 min. Postoperatively, cats resumed feeding and ambulation within hours, with complete wound healing by day 7. Importantly, zero infections or dehiscence occurred despite the elimination of antibiotics. Compared to conventional spay protocols requiring larger incisions (2–4 cm), longer recovery periods (10–14 days), this technique demonstrates substantial improvements in efficiency, safety, and patient comfort. These findings support the feasibility of antibiotic free elective feline surgeries and align with global antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Further multicenter studies with larger cohorts are recommended to validate these promising results.

本研究描述了“1-1-1技术”的发展和临床结果，这是一种改进的新型猫卵巢子宫切除术手术方法。该技术的特点是单切口0.5-0.7 cm，子宫、肌肉和皮肤每层一根缝合线，严格无菌处理，不使用围手术期或术后抗生素。常规临床病例系列涉及客户拥有的猫（n = 40），仅使用肌内注射（IM）氯胺酮和噻嗪，不使用任何其他药物。在第4、第5腰椎之间中线下方2英寸处，左侧腹单切口0.5-0.7 cm，穿过腹肌和腹膜。结扎卵巢和子宫蒂，然后用一根可吸收缝线将肌层和皮肤层像水滴一样缝合，确保有效止血。在封闭期间，将聚维酮碘涂抹于每一组织层，以保持无菌状态。术中无并发症，平均手术时间14.6±2.4 min。术后，猫在数小时内恢复进食和活动，伤口在第7天完全愈合。重要的是，尽管消除了抗生素，但没有发生感染或开裂。与需要更大切口（2-4厘米）、更长的恢复期（10-14天）的传统喷射术相比，该技术在效率、安全性和患者舒适度方面有了实质性的提高。这些发现支持无抗生素选择性猫手术的可行性，并与全球抗菌药物管理工作保持一致。建议进一步的多中心研究和更大的队列来验证这些有希望的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Community-based breeding programs for sheep in Ethiopia: Performance evidence for scaling up 埃塞俄比亚以社区为基础的绵羊育种计划：扩大规模的绩效证据。

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100580

H. Gatew , K. Kebede , M. Bekele , A. Lakew , A. Negash , T. Wolkaro

This review synthesizes evidence on the implementation, performance, and optimization of community-based breeding programs (CBBP) for sheep in Ethiopia, focusing on low-input systems. Relevant literature from 2001 to 2025 was identified through keyword-based search. Over the past decade, CBBPs have emerged as participatory breeding strategies that place farmers at the center of program design, implementation, and evaluation, using phenotypic and pedigree data to estimate breeding values and guide selection. The reviewed literature reports moderate to high heritability estimates for key traits in several CBBP populations, particularly in Bonga sheep, indicating strong potential for genetic improvement through selection. Evidence from various studies has shown measurable genetic gains ranging from 0.11 to 0.21 kg per year in six-month weight, along with improvements in reproductive traits such as litter size in Horro and Bonga flocks. While these results confirm the effectiveness of selective breeding within indigenous populations for enhancing productivity without compromising local adaptation. Challenges remain, including fragmented datasets, large standard errors in genetic parameter estimates, and inconsistent institutional coordination. Addressing these gaps through expanded data recording, statistical meta-analysis, and integration of mobile and genomic tools, alongside stronger market linkages, will be critical to scaling CBBPs as sustainable pathways for genetic improvement and livelihood enhancement in smallholder sheep production systems.

本文综述了埃塞俄比亚以社区为基础的绵羊育种计划（CBBP）的实施、绩效和优化方面的证据，重点是低投入系统。通过关键词检索检索2001 - 2025年的相关文献。在过去的十年中，CBBPs已经成为一种参与式育种策略，将农民置于计划设计、实施和评估的中心，利用表型和谱系数据来估计育种价值并指导选择。综述的文献报告了几个CBBP群体，特别是Bonga羊的关键性状的中等至高遗传力估计，表明通过选择进行遗传改良的强大潜力。来自各种研究的证据表明，可测量的遗传收益从每年0.11公斤到0.21公斤不等，按6个月体重计算，Horro和Bonga鸡群的产仔数等生殖性状也有所改善。虽然这些结果证实了在土著种群中选择性育种在不影响当地适应的情况下提高生产力的有效性。挑战仍然存在，包括支离破碎的数据集，遗传参数估计的大标准误差，以及不一致的机构协调。通过扩大数据记录、统计荟萃分析、整合移动和基因组工具以及加强市场联系来弥补这些差距，对于扩大cbbp作为小农羊生产系统遗传改良和改善生计的可持续途径至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of rumen-protected methionine and guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance, hematological indices, and immune-related gene expression in suckling Holstein Calves 保护瘤胃蛋氨酸和胍基乙酸对哺乳荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、血液学指标及免疫相关基因表达的影响。

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100581

Seyed Mohammad Javidhosseini , Alireza Noshary , Nima Eila , Ali Assadi-Alamouti , Abdolreza Daneshvar Amoli

This study evaluated the effect of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) and guanidinoacetic acid on performance, growth, hematological indices, and immune-related gene expression in suckling Holstein calves. Forty-eight Holstein calves (with an average weight of 39 ± 1 kg) were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 12). Each group randomly received one of four diets: (1) control, (2) a basic diet with 0.73% RPM, (3) a basic diet with 1000 mg of GAA acid, and 4) a basic diet with 0.73% PRM and 100 mg of GAA. Body weight (BW) was higher in the RPM group in comparison to the GAA group (P < 0.05). At day 56, glucose and cholesterol concentrations in calves receiving GAA, RPM, and mixed feeding were lower than in the controls (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that the GAA and Mix groups experienced significant increases in IFN-γ gene expression (P < 0.05). In conclusion, RPM supplementation increased body weight compared to GAA, while GAA and RPM effectively reduced glucose and cholesterol levels at day 56. GAA also lowered cholesterol at weaning age compared to RPM. Significant increases in IFN-γ gene expression were observed in GAA and Mix groups.

本试验旨在研究保护瘤胃蛋氨酸（RPM）和胍基乙酸对哺乳荷斯坦犊牛生产性能、生长、血液学指标和免疫相关基因表达的影响。选取48头平均体重为39±1 kg的荷斯坦犊牛，随机分为4个试验组（n = 12）。每组随机选择1种饲粮：(1)对照饲粮、(2)转转速为0.73%的基础饲粮、(3)加GAA酸1000 mg的基础饲粮、(4)加0.73% PRM和100 mg GAA的基础饲粮。RPM组的体重（BW）高于GAA组（P < 0.05）。第56天，GAA、RPM和混合饲喂犊牛的葡萄糖和胆固醇浓度均低于对照组（P < 0.05）。结果表明，GAA组和Mix组IFN-γ基因表达量显著升高（P < 0.05）。综上所述，与GAA相比，添加RPM增加了体重，而GAA和RPM有效降低了第56天的葡萄糖和胆固醇水平。与RPM相比，GAA还能降低断奶时的胆固醇。GAA组和Mix组IFN-γ基因表达显著升高。

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引用次数: 0

Interactive effects of lysine restriction, vitamin fortification, and insoluble fiber on intestinal morphometry in broilers fed reduced-crude-protein diets 赖氨酸限制、维生素强化和不溶性纤维对低粗蛋白质饲粮肉鸡肠道形态的交互影响

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100574

Ahmad Salahi , M.H. Shahir , Iraj Jafari Anarkooli , Zahra Abdi

This 2 × 2 × 2 + 1 factorial trial examined digestible lysine:CP (6.2 vs. 5.7%), vitamins (standard vs. enhanced), and fiber (0 vs. 0.5% Arbocel®) effects on jejunal morphometry in 756 male Ross 308 broilers (d10–40) fed 12% reduced-CP diets vs. control. Protein and lysine reduction had limited effects on overall intestinal dimensions, though jejunal length declined (P = 0.041). Insoluble fiber significantly enlarged cecal surface area (P = 0.023, +15.2%). Vitamin × fiber and lysine × fiber interactions significantly influenced intestinal segment weights and lengths (P < 0.05). CP reduction markedly decreased epithelial length (-12.3%), villus height (-10.5%), villus surface area (VSA) (-18.7%), and wall thickness (P ≤ 0.001), while lysine restriction alone had minimal impact except on crypt number (P = 0.002). Vitamin fortification enhanced epithelial length (+8.4%), villus height (+9.1%), and enterocyte count (+11.2%), in HV2F0 birds. Synergistic fiber × vitamin and fiber × lysine interactions significantly modulated epithelial structure (P < 0.05). AI-based ImageJ analysis outperformed Cell^ A, detecting 5.2% shorter villi and 10.9% deeper crypts, confirming its superiority in microstructural assessment. CP and lysine reductions altered goblet cell number and crypt dimensions, whereas fiber increased goblet cell area and ratios (+14.6%). Vitamin effects on goblet metrics were modest but significant (P = 0.032). In conclusion, while CP and lysine reduction perturbed jejunal microstructure, synergistic supplementation with vitamins and insoluble fiber effectively supported mucosal integrity, highlighting their compensatory role in maintaining gut health under protein-reduced conditions.

本2 × 2 × 2 + 1因子试验研究了756只雄性罗斯308肉鸡（10 - 40岁）饲喂12%降低粗蛋白质饲粮与对照组时，可消化赖氨酸：粗蛋白质（6.2 vs 5.7%）、维生素（标准vs强化）和纤维（0 vs 0.5% Arbocel®）对空肠形态的影响。蛋白质和赖氨酸的减少对整体肠道尺寸的影响有限，但空肠长度减少（P = 0.041）。不溶性纤维显著增大盲肠表面积（P = 0.023, +15.2%）。维生素x纤维和赖氨酸x纤维相互作用显著影响肠段重量和长度（P < 0.05）。CP减少显著降低了上皮长度（-12.3%）、绒毛高度（-10.5%）、绒毛表面积（-18.7%）和壁厚（P≤0.001），而赖氨酸限制对隐窝数量影响最小（P = 0.002）。在HV2F0家禽中，维生素强化使上皮长度（+8.4%）、绒毛高度（+9.1%）和肠细胞计数（+11.2%）增加。协同纤维与维生素和纤维与赖氨酸的相互作用显著调节上皮结构（P < 0.05）。基于人工智能的ImageJ分析优于Cell^ A，检测到5.2%的较短绒毛和10.9%的较深隐窝，证实了其在微观结构评估方面的优势。CP和赖氨酸的减少改变了杯状细胞的数量和隐窝的大小，而纤维增加了杯状细胞的面积和比例（+14.6%）。维生素对杯形指标的影响不大，但显著（P = 0.032）。综上所述，虽然CP和赖氨酸还原会扰乱空肠微观结构，但维生素和不溶性纤维的协同补充有效地支持了粘膜完整性，突出了它们在蛋白质减少条件下维持肠道健康的补偿作用。

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引用次数: 0

Taurine and Betaine, Alone and in Combination, Mitigate Lysis of Canine Erythrocytes in an In Vitro Model of Iron-Deficiency Anemia 牛磺酸和甜菜碱，单独或联合，减轻缺铁性贫血犬红细胞的溶解

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100573

Yan Ma , Jiaxi Li , Yunliang Li , Haile Ma , Lei Lv

Dog anemia can result in symptoms such as lethargy, reduced appetite, weight loss, and dull coat, and in severe cases, it can become life-threatening. Currently available nutritional supplements for addressing anemia in pets often suffer from low bioavailability and significant side effects. This study investigates the effects of taurine and betaine on the survival and functionality of canine erythrocytes in vitro under conditions of nutritional anemia induced by the iron chelator desferrioxamine (DFO). Our findings indicate that taurine and betaine significantly enhance erythrocyte resilience and functionality in this specific in vitro model of nutritional anemia. Notably, this research sheds light on potential strategies for reducing lysis of canine RBCs in an in vitro model of iron deficiency.

狗贫血会导致嗜睡、食欲不振、体重减轻和被毛暗淡等症状，在严重的情况下，可能危及生命。目前可用于治疗宠物贫血的营养补充剂往往存在生物利用度低和显著副作用的问题。本研究探讨了牛磺酸和甜菜碱在铁螯合剂去铁胺（DFO）诱导的营养性贫血条件下对犬红细胞体外存活和功能的影响。我们的研究结果表明，牛磺酸和甜菜碱在这种特定的营养性贫血的体外模型中显著增强红细胞的恢复能力和功能。值得注意的是，这项研究揭示了在体外缺铁模型中减少犬红细胞溶解的潜在策略。

引用次数: 0

Optimizing South African giraffe Epididymal sperm preservation techniques" 优化南非长颈鹿附睾精子保存技术

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100578

Ayanda Maqhashu , Willem Daffue , Charles Serrurier , Luther Mashilo , Edward Collin Albertyn , Francois Deacon

Giraffe populations have declined by 30–40% over the past three generations, resulting in local extinctions in many habitats. In contrast, the South African subspecies is stable and subject to culling in some reserves, creating opportunities for post-mortem gamete recovery to support conservation. This study evaluated the preservation potential of epididymal sperm collected from South African giraffe bulls. Paired testes from 12 bulls were collected post-mortem and placed at 5°C mobile fridge from the Sandveld Nature Reserve. Sperm was retrieved from the cauda epididymides by slicing immediately (n = 4), four hours (n = 4), six hours (n = 2), and eight hours post-mortem (n = 2). Samples were extended in tris-egg yolk (TEY) or Ark Biotechnology's proprietary flush buffer for liquid preservation at 4°C and cryopreservation. Sperm quality was assessed microscopically, and motility parameters were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Sperm quality was maintained up to six hours post-mortem, with total motility exceeding 75%. A sharp decline occurred at eight hours (<20%). After 72 h at 4°C, Ark buffer preserved higher motility (62 ± 3.43%) than TEY (44 ± 3.21%). In contrast, TEY produced superior cryopreservation outcomes, with post-thaw motility of 70% immediately and 65 ± 2.55% after two hours, compared to Ark biotech buffer (25% and 0%, respectively). Epididymal sperm from giraffes can be effectively recovered up to six hours post-mortem without loss of quality. Ark Biotechnology's flush buffer is advantageous for short-term liquid preservation, while TEY is better suited for cryopreservation.

在过去的三代中，长颈鹿的数量下降了30-40%，导致许多栖息地的局部灭绝。相比之下，南非的亚种是稳定的，在一些保护区受到淘汰，为死后配子的恢复创造了机会，以支持保护。本研究评估了南非长颈鹿公牛附睾精子的保存潜力。12头公牛的成对睾丸在死后收集，并放置在Sandveld自然保护区的5°C移动冰箱中。通过立即（n = 4）、4小时（n = 4）、6小时（n = 2）和死后8小时（n = 2）切片从附睾尾提取精子。样品在三蛋黄（TEY）或Ark Biotechnology的专有冲洗缓冲液中延长，在4°C下进行液体保存和低温保存。显微镜下评估精子质量，并用双因素方差分析分析运动参数。精子质量在死后6小时内保持不变，总活动力超过75%。8小时时急剧下降（20%）。在4℃作用72 h后，Ark缓冲液的运动率（62±3.43%）高于TEY缓冲液（44±3.21%）。相比之下，与Ark生物技术缓冲液（分别为25%和0%）相比，TEY产生了更好的冷冻保存结果，解冻后立即运动性为70%，2小时后运动性为65±2.55%。长颈鹿的附睾精子可以在死后6小时内有效地恢复，而不会失去质量。Ark生物技术的冲洗缓冲液有利于短期液体保存，而TEY更适合冷冻保存。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of age and body weight on acclimation to electronic feeding stations of weaning lambs 断奶羔羊年龄和体重对电子饲养站适应的影响

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100576

Henrietta Nagyné Kiszlinger, Miklós Szabari, György Kövér

The use of electronic and automatic feeders has become widespread in modern livestock farming for gathering precise data on individual animals. While these technologies are commonly used for pigs and dairy cattle, there is very limited information on their application in sheep. Specifically, the time it takes for lambs to acclimate to these new feeding stations remains largely unknown. The use of electronic feeders equipped with entry-exit gates was studied with weaned lambs. 36 Suffolk lambs were observed over a 48-hour period. Data on the first visit of the feeders and the frequency of visits were collected over a 48-hour period. Additionally, the feeder’s regular use, defined as visiting the feeder station for three consecutive days, was evaluated over an extended period. The animals were provided additional feed in troughs until the end of the second day of the study. All lambs (100 %) adapted to the electronic feeder without prior training within two days. Key findings revealed no significant difference between sexes in the time taken for the first feeder visit. However, the age (P = 0.048) and body weight (P = 0.035) of the lambs significantly influenced the initial visitation time, suggesting that younger/lighter individuals may approach the novel system sooner. Furthermore, 72.2 % of the lambs established regular feeder use from the first day. Further study is recommended to determine the extent to which the adaptation period is shortened without supplementary feed.

电子和自动喂食器的使用已经在现代畜牧业中广泛使用，以收集单个动物的精确数据。虽然这些技术通常用于猪和奶牛，但关于它们在绵羊中的应用的信息非常有限。具体来说，羔羊适应这些新的喂养站所需的时间在很大程度上仍然未知。在断奶羔羊身上研究了配备进出门的电子喂食器的使用。对36只萨福克羔羊进行了48小时的观察。在48小时内收集了喂食者第一次访问和访问频率的数据。此外，对馈线的常规使用（定义为连续三天访问馈线站）进行了较长时间的评估。在研究的第二天结束之前，这些动物在槽中被提供额外的饲料。所有羔羊（100%）在两天内适应了电子喂食器，无需事先训练。主要研究结果显示，在第一次喂食器访问所花费的时间上，性别之间没有显著差异。然而，羔羊的年龄（P = 0.048）和体重（P = 0.035）显著影响了初始访问时间，这表明更年轻/更轻的个体可能更早接近新系统。此外，72.2%的羔羊从第一天起就定期使用饲料。建议进一步研究确定不添加饲料能在多大程度上缩短适应期。

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引用次数: 0

Fermentation characteristics and nutritional value of whole and defatted black soldier fly larvae meal for ruminants using in vitro techniques 反刍动物全脂黑虻幼虫和脱脂黑虻幼虫饲料的体外发酵特性及营养价值研究

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100572

Ana Sheikhalipour , Ali Hosseinkhani , Akbar Taghizadeh , Hamed Khalilvandi-Behroozyar , Leila Ahmadzadeh-Gavahan

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation characteristics, and nutritional value of whole and defatted black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal using the in vitro gas production technique and the Holden method. Samples were prepared and incubated for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 h. Rumen fluid was collected from three fistulated sheep fed a diet containing 40% concentrate and 60% forage at maintenance level for one month prior to sampling. The results indicated that defatting BSFL increased crude protein content from 38.10% to 42.85% and reduced ether extract from 24.20% to 16.40%. Defatted BSFL produced significantly greater cumulative gas volumes at all incubation times compared with whole larvae. Gas production at 24 h was 81.96 and 79.03 mL per 200 mg of dry matter, and increased to 141.83 and 114.85 mL at 96 h for defatted and whole larvae, respectively. The fractional rate of gas production (c) was slightly higher for whole larvae than for defatted larvae (0.045 vs. 0.030 mL·h⁻¹). Organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME), net energy for lactation (NEL), and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production were higher for defatted BSFL compared with whole larvae (91.23% vs. 89.48%, 13.91 vs. 12.61 MJ·kg⁻¹ DM, 10.48 vs. 9.29 MJ·kg⁻¹ DM, and 1.23 vs. 1.21 mmol, respectively). In addition, digestibility values estimated using the Holden method were greater for defatted larvae than for whole larvae (60.90 vs. 55.50%). Overall, the results suggest that defatting black soldier fly larvae enhances their nutritional value and fermentability, indicating their potential as a high-quality feed ingredient for ruminant animals.

本研究旨在利用体外产气技术和霍尔登法对脱脂黑虻幼虫（BSFL）全粉和脱脂黑虻幼虫（BSFL）的化学成分、发酵特性和营养价值进行评价。制备样品，孵育2、4、6、8、12、16、24、36、48、72和96 h。采集3只瘘管羊的瘤胃液，在取样前1个月饲喂饲粮中含有40%精料和60%草料的维持水平。结果表明，脱脂BSFL使粗蛋白质含量从38.10%提高到42.85%，粗脂肪含量从24.20%降低到16.40%。脱脂BSFL在所有孵育时间内产生的累积气体体积均显著高于全幼虫。每200 mg干物质24 h产气量分别为81.96和79.03 mL， 96 h脱脂幼虫和全幼虫产气量分别为141.83和114.85 mL。整个幼虫的产气率(c)略高于脱脂幼虫（0.045 vs 0.030 mL·h⁻）。与整个幼虫相比，脱脂BSFL的有机物消化率（OMD），代谢能（ME），净泌乳能（NEL）和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）产量更高（分别为91.23%对89.48%，13.91对12.61 MJ·kg毒血症，10.48对9.29 MJ·kg毒血症，1.23对1.21 mmol）。此外，霍尔登法估算的脱脂幼虫消化率值高于全脂幼虫（60.90比55.50%）。综上所述，脱脂黑虻幼虫可提高其营养价值和发酵性，具有作为反刍动物优质饲料原料的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Complementary effects of probiotics and stimbiotics inclusion on carcass traits, meat quality and antioxidant activity in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress 循环热应激下添加益生菌和刺激菌对肉鸡胴体性状、肉品质和抗氧化活性的影响

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100575

R.M. Mokonyama , U. Marume , G. Moonsamy

This study assessed the complementary effects of probiotics and stimbiotics inclusion in diets on carcass traits and meat quality in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress. 600 day- old Cobb500 chicks were divided into five dietary groups; T1: Standard broiler diet, with no AGPs (NegControl); T2: Basal diet, with AGPs (PosControl); T3: Basal diet + 0.01% probiotics (Prob); T4: Basal diet + 0.01% stimbiotics (Stim) and T5: Basal diet + 0.01% (probiotics+ stimbiotics) (ProbStim). The birds were fed over a period of 42 days and then slaughtered for measurements of internal organs, carcass traits and meat quality attributes. The results revealed that dietary treatments had no effect on internal organs apart from the liver weight, duodenum and length of large intestine. Broiler chickens fed PosControl showed the heaviest liver, while those fed PosControl and ProbStim diets showed heavier duodenum weight. Carcass characteristics were not affected by diet apart from the wing weight. Broiler chickens fed Prob and ProbStim obtained heavier wing weight. With regards to meat quality, diet significantly (p < 0.05) affected the lightness (L*_i), yellowness (b*_i) and redness (a* _24hr). Diet also significantly influenced (p < 0.05) the antioxidant activity of the broiler meat on FRAP and TEAC assay. Prob and Stim individually showed high ferric ion reducing power, while on TEAC assay, NegControl and Prob showed the most efficient scavenger of radicals. The findings suggest that probiotics and stimbiotics can improve carcass traits and meat quality parameters in broilers while mitigating negative effects of heat stress.

本研究评估了饲粮中添加益生菌和刺激菌对循环热应激肉鸡胴体性状和肉品质的互补效应。600日龄Cobb500雏鸡分为5个饲粮组；T1：标准肉鸡日粮，不添加agp (NegControl)；T2：基础日粮，含AGPs (PosControl)；T3：基础日粮+ 0.01%益生菌（Prob）；T4：基础饲粮+ 0.01%的益生菌（Stim）和T5：基础饲粮+ 0.01%的益生菌+益生菌（ProbStim）。饲养42 d后屠宰，测定内脏器官、胴体性状和肉质性状。结果表明，饲粮处理对除肝脏重量、十二指肠和大肠长度外的其他脏器均无影响。饲粮饲喂PosControl的肉鸡肝脏重量最重，饲粮饲喂PosControl和ProbStim的肉鸡十二指肠重量最重。除翅重外，饲料对胴体性状无显著影响。饲喂Prob和ProbStim的肉鸡翅重较重。在肉质方面，饲粮显著（p < 0.05）影响了肉质的亮度（L*i）、黄度（b*i）和红度（a* 24hr）。在FRAP和TEAC试验中，饲粮对肉的抗氧化活性也有显著影响（p < 0.05）。Prob和Stim分别表现出较高的铁离子还原能力，而在TEAC试验中，NegControl和Prob表现出最有效的自由基清除剂。综上所述，饲粮中添加益生菌和刺激菌可以改善肉鸡胴体性状和肉品质参数，同时减轻热应激的负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of sterility testing procedures for laboratory animal rodent diets 实验动物啮齿动物饲料无菌检验程序的评价

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2026.100570

Jonathan W. Weeks, Jacqueline Locklear, Tanya E. Whiteside, David M. Kurtz

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) recommend grinding or stomaching food for human consumption prior to Salmonella testing. The Quality Assurance Laboratory (QAL) at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) routinely tests all incoming, unsterilized rodent feed for Salmonella spp. and total microbial load prior to use. Currently, the QAL cultures intact feed pellets in sterile Thioglycolate enrichment broth that sits stationary in the incubator for seven days. Under these conditions, a natural ingredient pelleted feed does not break down thoroughly possibly preventing detection of viable microbes at the pellet center. The purpose of this study was to determine if grinding pelleted rodent feed improves the sensitivity of microbial detection. Our study compared bacterial growth from an unautoclaved and autoclaved, natural ingredient rodent diet (NIH-31) processed as intact pellets or ground feed. Our results indicate that grinding unautoclaved feed for total aerobic bacteria testing does increase the sensitivity of microbial detection. However, when the feed is appropriately sterilized, grinding the feed provides no added benefit.

美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）和美国农业部（USDA）建议在检测沙门氏菌之前将食物磨碎或消化。国家环境卫生科学研究所（NIEHS）的质量保证实验室（QAL）在使用前定期检测所有传入的未经消毒的啮齿动物饲料中的沙门氏菌和总微生物负荷。目前，QAL在无菌巯基乙酸盐富集肉汤中培养完整的饲料颗粒，在培养箱中固定放置7天。在这些条件下，天然成分颗粒饲料不会完全分解，可能会阻止在颗粒中心检测活菌。本研究的目的是确定粉碎颗粒饲料是否能提高微生物检测的灵敏度。我们的研究比较了未经高压灭菌和高压灭菌的天然成分啮齿动物饮食（NIH-31）作为完整颗粒或磨碎饲料加工的细菌生长情况。我们的研究结果表明，研磨未经高压灭菌的饲料进行总需氧细菌测试确实增加了微生物检测的敏感性。然而，当饲料经过适当的消毒后，研磨饲料没有任何额外的好处。

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