Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献_第4页

Prevalence and associated factors of schistosomiasis among domestic ruminants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis 埃塞俄比亚国内反刍动物中血吸虫病的流行及其相关因素：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100535

Yihenew Getahun Ambaw , Simachew Getaneh Endalamew , Ambachew Motbaynor Wubaye , Simegnew Adugna Kallu

Schistosomiasis is a significant concern for animal and public health, particularly in low-income and rural areas with limited access to clean water and healthcare services. Evidence on the national pooled prevalence and risk factors of ruminant schistosomiasis in Ethiopia is limited, underscoring the need for further research to inform effective control strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in line with the PRISMA guidelines. An extensive review was conducted across five academic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science), with all searches completed between May 10, 2025, and June 1, 2025. Heterogeneity was assessed, and a random-effects model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of schistosomiasis in ruminants. The sources of variation were analyzed through subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Begg's test, and Egger’s test. A total of 33 studies were included in this meta-analysis, revealing a pooled prevalence of schistosomiasis in ruminants of 14.4 %, 95 % CI: [11.2-17.6]. The analysis demonstrated a substantial degree of heterogeneity among studies, with I² = 98.2 %, Q=1764.5 and p < 0.001. Among the variables analyzed for heterogeneity, the species of domestic ruminant and geographical region were identified as significant risk factors. Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence of schistosomiasis varied by species: 15.9 %, 95 % CI: [12.5–19.3] in cattle, 8.4 %, 95 % CI: [0.0–20.3] in sheep, and 3.0 %, 95 % CI: [0.0–31.9] in goats. According to the geographical region-based subgroup meta-analysis, the Amhara region exhibited the highest prevalence among domestic ruminants at 18.6 %, 95 % CI: [15.4–21.7], followed by the Oromia region at 12.8 %, 95 % CI: [4.8–20.9]. This systematic review and meta-analysis highlight that schistosomiasis remains a persistent threat to domestic ruminants in Ethiopia. Thus, veterinary and public health professionals, research institutions, livestock owners, and policymakers are encouraged to collaborate in designing and implementing effective prevention and control strategies for schistosomiasis.

血吸虫病是动物和公共卫生的一个重大关切，特别是在获得清洁水和卫生保健服务有限的低收入和农村地区。关于埃塞俄比亚反刍动物血吸虫病全国综合流行率和风险因素的证据有限，这突出表明需要进一步研究，以便为有效的控制战略提供信息。该系统评价和荟萃分析是根据PRISMA指南进行的。对五个学术数据库（PubMed， b谷歌Scholar， ScienceDirect， Scopus和Web of Science）进行了广泛的审查，所有搜索都在2025年5月10日至2025年6月1日之间完成。评估异质性，并采用随机效应模型确定反刍动物中血吸虫病的总流行率。通过亚组分析、meta回归和敏感性分析分析变异的来源。采用漏斗图、Begg检验和Egger检验评估发表偏倚。该荟萃分析共纳入33项研究，显示反刍动物中血吸虫病的总患病率为14.4%,95% CI:[11.2-17.6]。分析表明研究之间存在很大程度的异质性，I²= 98.2%，Q=1764.5, p < 0.001。在异质性分析变量中，家养反刍动物的种类和地理区域是显著的危险因素。亚群分析显示，不同物种的血吸虫病患病率不同：牛15.9%,95% CI:[12.5-19.3]，绵羊8.4%,95% CI:[0.0-20.3]，山羊3.0%,95% CI:[0.0-31.9]。基于地理区域的亚群荟萃分析显示，阿姆哈拉地区家养反刍动物患病率最高，为18.6%,95% CI:[15.4 ~ 21.7]；其次是奥罗米亚地区，为12.8%,95% CI:[4.8 ~ 20.9]。本系统综述和荟萃分析强调，血吸虫病仍然是埃塞俄比亚国内反刍动物的持续威胁。因此，鼓励兽医和公共卫生专业人员、研究机构、牲畜所有者和政策制定者在设计和实施有效的血吸虫病预防和控制战略方面进行合作。

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引用次数: 0

Therapeutic applications of IgY in common canine and feline viral diseases IgY在常见犬、猫病毒性疾病中的治疗应用

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100534

Kamyar Madani , Nima Neyestani , Jalil Mehrzad , Darioush Shirani , Niloofar Zarifian

Background

Immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) is the major antibody in birds whose immunotherapeutic potential has been investigated in canine and feline viral diseases. Management currently focuses on supportive care (often insufficient) or prevention using vaccines (slow to develop). IgY is developed against a wide range of antigens, and commercial formulations also exist. Several therapeutic trials and case reports examine IgY as main or adjunctive treatment in feline and canine viral diseases.

Objectives

To map and summarize the available evidence on IgY-based immunotherapy for viral infections of dogs and cats and assess its reported benefits and shortcomings in a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Eligibility criteria

Original English-language studies, focusing on the application of IgY in treating canine and feline viral diseases.

Sources of evidence

Six databases (Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate) were searched in October 2024 using combinations of keywords related to IgY, small animals and therapy.

Charting methods

Data on study design, treatment protocol/dosage/outcome and OCEBM level of evidence score were extracted.

Results

In total, 14 studies met inclusion criteria, including 7 clinical trials, 3 case series and 4 case reports; ten investigated CPV-2, while four examined feline viruses (FIV/FeLV/FIP). Most were small non-randomized clinical trials. IgY was administered orally, intravenously, and intranasally. Higher doses generally produced stronger effects. Feline studies used non-specific IgY with limited therapeutical benefit.

Conclusions

IgY-based immunotherapy appeared safe, accelerated recovery and reduced mortality in most studies, but current evidence in feline viral infections is limited and non-specific. Further pathogen-specific trials are required.

背景免疫球蛋白蛋黄（IgY）是鸟类的主要抗体，其在犬和猫病毒性疾病中的免疫治疗潜力已被研究。目前的管理侧重于支持性护理（往往不足）或使用疫苗进行预防（发展缓慢）。IgY是针对多种抗原开发的，也存在商业配方。一些治疗试验和病例报告检验了IgY作为猫和犬病毒性疾病的主要或辅助治疗方法。目的：在遵循PRISMA-ScR指南的范围审查中，绘制和总结基于ige的免疫疗法治疗狗和猫病毒感染的现有证据，并评估其报告的益处和不足。入选标准原创英文研究，重点关注IgY在治疗犬、猫病毒性疾病中的应用。我们于2024年10月使用IgY、小动物和治疗相关的关键词组合检索了证据来源数据库（Web of Science、Scopus、ScienceDirect、b谷歌Scholar、PubMed、ResearchGate）。图表方法提取研究设计、治疗方案/剂量/结局和OCEBM证据评分水平的数据。结果14项研究符合纳入标准，其中临床试验7项，病例系列3例，病例报告4例；10个研究CPV-2, 4个研究猫病毒（FIV/FeLV/FIP）。大多数是小型非随机临床试验。IgY通过口服、静脉注射和鼻内给药。高剂量通常产生更强的效果。猫科动物研究使用非特异性IgY，治疗效果有限。结论基于sigg的免疫治疗在大多数研究中表现出安全、加速恢复和降低死亡率，但目前对猫病毒感染的证据有限且非特异性。需要进一步的病原体特异性试验。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of Securidaca longipedunculata (violet tree) effect on semen quality and blood sex hormone levels in indigenous goats 紫罗兰树对地方山羊精液质量和血液性激素水平影响的评价

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100531

Kamogelo Shai , Sogolo L. Lebelo , Freddy Manyeula , Monnye Mabelebele , Amenda N. Sebola

Semen quality, sperm characteristics and profiling of reproductive hormones of indigenous goat bucks (IGB) are of paramount importance for both the sustainable management of livestock populations and the economic well-being of farming communities. The current study assessed the impact of S.longipedunculata leaf extract (SLLE) on semen quality, sperm characteristics, and reproductive hormones in IGB. Sixteen pubertal bucks (12–18 months) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups receiving SLLE at 0, 50, 100, and 125 mg/kg body weight. Results showed that SLLE at 50 and 100 mg/kg improved spermatogenesis, increasing sperm concentration and semen volume. However, higher doses (125 mg/kg) reduced live sperm cell percentages. SLLE significantly influenced sperm motility and velocity but had no significant effect on oestrogen and testosterone levels. These findings suggest SLLE may enhance IGB reproductive performance.

本地公山羊（IGB）的精液质量、精子特征和生殖激素分析对牲畜种群的可持续管理和农业社区的经济福祉至关重要。本研究评估了长柄藤叶提取物（SLLE）对IGB患者精液质量、精子特征和生殖激素的影响。16只青春期雄鹿（12-18月龄）随机分为4组，分别给予0、50、100和125 mg/kg体重的SLLE治疗。结果表明，50和100 mg/kg的SLLE可促进精子发生，提高精子浓度和精液体积。然而，较高剂量（125 mg/kg）会降低活精子细胞百分比。SLLE显著影响精子活力和速度，但对雌激素和睾酮水平无显著影响。这些发现表明，SLLE可能会提高IGB的生殖性能。

引用次数: 0

Differentiating infected from vaccinated animals: Validation and application of NH-AGID assay in heifers immunized with Brucella abortus strain A19-∆VirB12 区分感染动物与接种动物：NH-AGID测定在接种流产布鲁氏菌A19-∆VirB12的母牛中的验证和应用

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100530

Feng Ye , Xiao-jing Ma , Li-ya Liu , Wen-xi Gu , Wen-liang Yan , Xu Zhang , Jia-rui Zhang , Xin-ping Yi

Differentiating infected from vaccinated animals is crucial for clinical diagnosis in brucellosis control. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of native hapten agar gel immuno-diffusion(NH-AGID) in differential identification of infected heifers from vaccined with strain A19-∆VirB12 and identifying shedding animals at the serologic level. 30 heifers were vaccined with A19-∆VirB12, and corresponding serum and vaginal swab samples were collected at predetermined intervals. Serological assessments were conducted using the Rose-bengal test, serum agglutination test, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and NH-AGID. Brucella-positive sera were further distinguished using differential identification ELISA and NH-AGID. Vaginal swab DNA was tested using AMOS-PCR and dual real-time fluorescence PCR. Results showed that NH-AGID demonstrated a high specificity and positive predictive values (PPV) for diagnosis of brucellosis. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy of NH-AGID for infected and shedding animals was more than 90 %. Heifers vaccinated with A19-∆VirB12 were serologically confirmed as infected by NH-AGID and also tested positive by PCR. The application of NH-AGID effectively identified infected and shedding animals from vaccination with A19-∆VirB12, thereby supporting the brucellosis decontamination efforts.

区分受感染动物和接种疫苗的动物对布鲁氏菌病控制的临床诊断至关重要。本研究的目的是评估天然半抗原琼脂凝胶免疫扩散（NH-AGID）在区分接种A19-∆VirB12的感染小牛和在血清学水平上鉴定脱落动物的性能。30头母牛接种A19-∆VirB12疫苗，每隔一段时间采集相应的血清和阴道拭子样本。采用Rose-bengal试验、血清凝集试验、竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验和NH-AGID进行血清学评估。采用ELISA和NH-AGID鉴别布鲁氏菌阳性血清。采用AMOS-PCR和双实时荧光PCR检测阴道拭子DNA。结果表明，NH-AGID对布鲁氏菌病诊断具有较高的特异性和阳性预测值（PPV）。此外，NH-AGID对感染和脱落动物的诊断准确率超过90%。接种A19-∆VirB12的小母牛血清学证实感染了NH-AGID， PCR检测也呈阳性。NH-AGID的应用有效地识别了接种了A19-∆VirB12的感染和脱落动物，从而支持了布鲁氏菌病的净化工作。

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引用次数: 0

First molecular detection of Francisella tularensis and investigation of Coxiella burnetii in horse sera in Iran 伊朗马血清中土拉弗朗西斯菌的首次分子检测和伯纳氏柯谢氏菌的调查

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100529

Mehdi Narouei, Heidar Rahimi, Khatereh Kafshdouzan

Infections caused by Francisella tularensis and Coxiella burnetii, as zoonotic diseases, pose a serious threat to the health of humans and animals. To date, there is limited information regarding these diseases in horses. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of F. tularensis and C. burnetii in the serum of racehorses in Iran (Golestan province). 350 blood samples were collected from racehorses in four regions of Golestan province, and demographic data (sex, age, and sampling location) were recorded. The collected serum samples were examined by PCR to identify the genomes of F. tularensis and C. burnetii. The results showed that 3.4 % (P < 0.05, 95 % CI: 1.97 % – 5.9 %) of the serum samples were positive for F. tularensis genome, while no positive cases for C. burnetii genome were detected. Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between horse age and F. tularensis infection, with the highest prevalence (3.93 %) detected in animals younger than five years (P < 0.05, 95 % CI: 2.21 % – 6.9 %). Moreover, the study revealed a significant difference in F. tularensis prevalence between sexes, with infection rates of 5.84 % in stallions and 1.88 % in mares. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the regions studied and the prevalence of F. tularensis. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of tularemia prevalence in horses in Iran. This study indicates that horses can be considered a potential weak reservoir for F. tularensis.

土拉弗朗西斯菌和伯纳克希菌感染作为人畜共患疾病，对人类和动物的健康构成严重威胁。迄今为止，关于马中这些疾病的信息有限。本研究旨在评估伊朗（戈列斯坦省）赛马血清中土拉菌和伯氏胞杆菌的流行情况。从戈列斯坦省的四个地区收集了350份赛马血液样本，并记录了人口统计数据（性别、年龄和采样地点）。收集的血清样本采用PCR检测土拉菌和伯纳蒂胞杆菌的基因组。结果显示，3.4% （P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.97% ~ 5.9%）的血清标本土拉菌基因组阳性，未检出伯纳蒂胞杆菌基因组阳性。此外，马的年龄与土拉菌感染之间存在显著关系，5岁以下马的感染率最高（3.93%）（P < 0.05, 95% CI: 2.21% - 6.9%）。此外，该研究还揭示了土拉菌的感染率在两性之间存在显著差异，种马的感染率为5.84%，母马的感染率为1.88%。统计分析显示，研究地区和土拉菌病患病率之间无显著差异。据我们所知，这是伊朗首次报告马中流行土拉菌病。这项研究表明，马可以被认为是土拉菌的潜在弱宿主。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of maternal-offspring selenium transfer in ewes and newborn lambs via serum, whole blood, and wool matrices 通过血清、全血和羊毛基质评估母儿硒在母羊和新生羔羊中的转移

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100527

Mehmet Çalışkan

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient required by almost all organisms. Disorders associated with Se deficiency can occur in various animal species, but they are more common in ruminants, especially small ruminants. This study had two main objectives: first, to investigate whether there is a correlation between whole blood, serum, and wool Se levels in sheep and lambs individually; and second, to examine the relationship between Se levels in these matrices between ewes and their newborn lambs. Wool samples were collected from the sulcus jugularis region using a razor blade, and blood samples were obtained via jugular venipuncture from 18 ewes and their 18 colostrum-fed lambs aged 12 to 72 h. Significant correlations were found between serum and whole blood Se levels within both ewes (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) and lambs (r = 0.69, p < 0.01), indicating internal consistency within each group. Se concentrations in whole blood, serum, and wool samples were similar between ewes and lambs, with no statistically significant differences observed in any matrix (p > 0.05). While Se concentrations in whole blood showed a significant correlation between ewes and lambs (r = 0.65, p < 0.01), no such correlation was observed in serum or wool samples. These findings suggest that both whole blood and serum are suitable for assessing individual Se status in sheep and lambs, whereas whole blood may serve as a more reliable matrix for evaluating maternal-offspring Se transfer.

硒（Se）是几乎所有生物都需要的一种必需微量营养素。与硒缺乏相关的疾病可发生在各种动物中，但在反刍动物中更为常见，尤其是小反刍动物。本研究有两个主要目的：第一，调查绵羊和羔羊个体的全血、血清和羊毛硒水平之间是否存在相关性；第二，检查母羊和新生羔羊之间这些基质中硒水平的关系。18只母羊及其18只12 ~ 72 h初乳喂养的羔羊的血清和全血硒水平（r = 0.72, p < 0.01）与羔羊（r = 0.69, p < 0.01）呈显著相关，说明各组内部具有一致性。全血、血清和羊毛样品中的硒浓度在母羊和羔羊之间相似，在任何基质中均无统计学差异（p > 0.05）。全血硒浓度在母羊和羔羊之间呈极显著相关（r = 0.65, p < 0.01），而在血清和羊毛样品中没有发现这种相关性。这些发现表明，全血和血清都适用于评估绵羊和羔羊个体硒状况，而全血可能作为评估母代硒转移的更可靠的基质。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles in drinking water on broiler chicken growth, antioxidant, and immunity responses 饮用水中氧化锌纳米粒子和硒纳米粒子对肉鸡生长、抗氧化和免疫反应的协同效应

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100528

Hardi Ahmed Karim AL-JAF , Saman Abdulmajid Rashid

The poultry sector faces several nutritional and health challenges, including deficiencies in essential micronutrients such as zinc and selenium, which, although required in low levels, are important for growth and immune function. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool to enhance nutrient bioavailability and efficacy. While individual benefits of Zn and Se nanoparticles (NPs) have been demonstrated, research on their combined effects in broilers is limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of combined zinc oxide (ZnO) and Se NPs in drinking water on the performance, gut morphology, antioxidant capacity, and humoral immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 252 one-day-old chicks were randomly assigned for 35 days to six treatment groups, each consisting of six replicates with seven birds per experimental cage. The treatments included a negative control (T1) without Zn and Se supplementation, a positive control (T2) with inorganic Zn and Se supplementation, and four treatments (T3, T4, T5, and T6) receiving combined ZnO and Se NPs at doses of 35 and 0.15, 70 and 0.3, 35 and 0.3, and 70 and 0.15 mg/L, respectively. Birds receiving combinations of ZnO and Se NPs demonstrated significant improvements in body weight, feed efficiency, and feed intake. Enhanced villus height in the small intestine, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced malondialdehyde levels were also observed. Antibody titres against Newcastle disease virus were significantly elevated. In conclusion, combined ZnO and Se NPs can enhance growth, physiological status, and immune function in broiler chickens.

家禽业面临着若干营养和健康挑战，包括锌和硒等基本微量营养素缺乏，这些微量营养素虽然需求量低，但对生长和免疫功能很重要。纳米技术已成为提高营养物质生物利用度和功效的一种有前途的工具。虽然锌和硒纳米颗粒（NPs）的单独益处已得到证实，但对其在肉鸡中的综合效应的研究有限。本研究旨在研究饮用水中氧化锌和硒复合NPs对肉鸡生产性能、肠道形态、抗氧化能力和体液免疫的影响。选取1日龄雏鸡252只，随机分为6个处理组，每组6个重复，每个试验笼7只，试验期35 d。阴性对照（T1）不添加Zn和Se，阳性对照（T2）添加无机Zn和Se， 4个处理（T3、T4、T5和T6）分别饲喂剂量为35和0.15、70和0.3、35和0.3、70和0.15 mg/L的ZnO和Se复合NPs。饲粮中添加氧化锌和硒NPs显著改善了禽类的体重、饲料效率和采食量。小肠绒毛高度增加，抗氧化酶活性增加，丙二醛水平降低。抗新城疫病毒抗体滴度显著升高。综上所述，氧化锌和硒复合NPs可以促进肉仔鸡的生长、生理状态和免疫功能。

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引用次数: 0

Applying Wonheug soybean-sourced meal in broiler diets improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass yield, and tibia characteristics 在肉仔鸡饲粮中添加源豆粕可提高生长性能、营养物质消化率、胴体产量和胫骨特性

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100526

Jing Yang , Weihong Guo , Qingyu Zhang , Zhenyu Xu , Lei Zhang , Shengwei Wu , Shaobo Yu

This study evaluated the potential of Wonheug, a novel soybean cultivar, as an alternative soybean meal (SBM) source in broiler diets for improving growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass yield, and tibia characteristics. Wonheug soybeans were processed via hexane solvent extraction to produce SBM for experimental diets. Two SBM types, a commercial SBM and Wonheug-sourced SBM, were compared over a 42-day feeding trial. A total of 200 day-old Arbor Acre broilers (mean initial body weight, 43.90 ± 0.37 g) were randomly assigned to two groups, each with five replicates of 20 birds. Compared with commercial SBM, Wonheug-sourced SBM contained higher crude protein (P = 0.028), phosphorus (P = 0.004), and methionine (P = 0.002) contents. Broilers fed the Wonheug-sourced SBM-based diet exhibited greater body weight gain (P = 0.001), improved feed efficiency (P = 0.020), enhanced digestibility of crude protein (P = 0.044), calcium (P = 0.008), and phosphorus (P = 0.002), increased breast (P = 0.004) and leg meat (P = 0.027) yields, as well as better tibia characteristics, including weight (P = 0.020), length (P = 0.033), weight-to-length ratio (P = 0.019), and medullary canal diameter (P = 0.006). Therefore, the results obtained in the present study suggest that Wonheug-sourced SBM is a high-quality and functional feed ingredient which can enhance growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass yield, and tibia characteristics of broilers, thereby supporting more sustainable and efficient broiler production.

本研究评价了新型大豆品种Wonheug作为肉鸡饲粮中替代豆粕（SBM）的潜力，以提高肉鸡的生长性能、营养物质消化率、胴体产量和胫骨特性。采用己烷溶剂萃取法对原黑大豆进行加工，制备SBM作为试验饲粮。在42天的饲养试验中，比较了两种SBM类型，一种商业SBM和源源wonheug SBM。选取200只平均初始体重43.90±0.37 g的日龄爱拔益加肉仔鸡，随机分为2组，每组5个重复，每组20只鸡。与市售SBM相比，源源SBM的粗蛋白质（P = 0.028）、磷（P = 0.004）和蛋氨酸（P = 0.002）含量较高。肉鸡喂Wonheug-sourced SBM-based饮食表现出更强的身体体重增加(P = 0.001),提高饲料效率(P = 0.020),提高粗蛋白消化率(P = 0.044), (P = 0.008),钙和磷(P = 0.002),增加乳房(P = 0.004)和鸡腿肉(P = 0.027)产量,以及更好的胫骨特征,包括体重(P = 0.020),长度(P = 0.033), weight-to-length比率(P = 0.019),骨髓管直径(P = 0.006)。因此，本研究结果表明，源源源豆粕是一种优质的功能性饲料原料，可以提高肉仔鸡的生长性能、营养物质消化率、胴体产量和胫骨特性，从而支持更可持续、更高效的肉仔鸡生产。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of season, age and physiological status on body weight and blood metabolites of communal sheep 季节、年龄和生理状态对公羊体重和血液代谢产物的影响

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100525

Mthi Siza , Louis T Tyasi , Jean Rust , Segun Ikusika , Mpisana Zuko , Sive Tokozwayo , Qokweni Luxolo , Francisca Rumosa-Gwaze , Mandla Yawa , Soul Washaya

The study was aimed at investigating temporal changes in body weight and blood profiles of related metabolites in rangeland sheep raised under an extensive production system. Body weight measurements were taken every month using a sheep crate electronic weighing scale and pooled to represent each season. Approximately 5 ml blood samples were collected from 262 ewes for serum biochemical analysis using standard procedures. The data were analyzed by univariate ANOVA in a completely randomized design with year (2012, 2013), age (4, 6, 8 years), and season (autumn, winter, spring, summer) as fixed factors and animal as a random variable. The body weight (BW), glucose, globulin, and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio levels varied (P<0.05) between years. Older ewes (8 years) showed significantly higher (P<0.05) blood glucose levels compared to younger ewes (4 and 6 years). The total protein (TP), albumin, globulin, calcium and phosphorus contents were all higher (P< 0.05) in winter and spring compared to autumn or summer, while urea was high in spring and summer (P<0.05). The physiological status significantly (P<0.05) influenced BW, glucose, TP, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, calcium, and phosphorus levels of sheep. The BW was negatively correlated to most serum components. It was concluded that autumn and summer seasons are associated with improved body weight gains due to increased forage availability and quality, while higher levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin are observed in winter and spring, reflecting the animals' metabolic adaptations to varying environmental conditions

本研究旨在探讨在粗放型生产系统下饲养的牧场羊体重和相关代谢物血液谱的时间变化。每个月使用羊笼电子称测量体重，并汇总代表每个季节的体重。采集262只母羊约5 ml血样，按标准程序进行血清生化分析。采用完全随机设计，以年份（2012年、2013年）、年龄（4岁、6岁、8岁）和季节（秋、冬、春、夏）为固定因素，动物为随机变量，采用单因素方差分析。体重（BW）、葡萄糖、球蛋白和白蛋白/球蛋白（A/G）比值在不同年份之间变化（P<0.05）。与4岁和6岁母羊相比，8岁母羊的血糖水平显著升高（P<0.05）。冬、春季总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白、球蛋白、钙、磷含量均高于秋、夏季（P<0.05），尿素含量春、夏季较高（P<0.05）。生理状态显著影响羊的体重、葡萄糖、总磷、白蛋白、球蛋白、胆固醇、钙和磷水平（p < 0.05）。体重与大部分血清成分呈负相关。综上所述，由于饲料可利用率和质量的提高，秋夏季节与体重增加有关，而冬春季节观察到的总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白水平较高，反映了动物对不同环境条件的代谢适应

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引用次数: 0

Evaluations of milk yield, udder and teat morphometric traits of lactating goats reared in pastoral lowlands of the Bale zone, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚贝尔牧区低地饲养的泌乳山羊产奶量、乳房和乳头形态特征评价

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100521

Mesay Guyo, Melaku Tareke

Udder and teat morphometrics provide a simple, low-cost tool to predict milk yield, showing positive correlations with yield and body condition, and serving as key selection criteria for improvement programs. Thus, the study was conducted to evaluate milk yield performances and udder and teat morphometric traits of lactating goats reared in the lowlands of the Bale Zone, Ethiopia. For this study, 270 clinically healthy lactating goats were selected from three districts highly inhabited by goats. Data on the daily milk yield (DMY), udder height (UH), udder width (UW), udder circumference (UC), udder depth (UD), teat depth (TD), teat length (TL), distance between the teats (DBT), teat circumference (TC), udder distance from ground (UDG), and udder volume (UV) of lactating does were measured early in the morning and evening before kids sucking among lactation stages, dam parity, birth type, and sex of kids. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, correlation, regression, and multivariate analysis. Results indicated that DMY, udder, and teat morphometric traits were significantly (p < 0.05) affected among the studied districts except UV. The lactation stage effect was significant (p < 0.0001) on DMY and UC; however, the effect was non-significant for UD, UDG, and TD. The doe parity effect was highly significant (p < 0.0001) on TD and DMY, while it was non-significant (p > 0.05) on UW, UD, UC, UDG, and UV. High milk yield in does enhanced the performance of second-parity, single-born, and male kids. UC, UV, and UW showed significant variations (p < 0.0001) and exhibited moderate to high correlations with DMY, indicating strong positive associations for predicting milk yield performance. Therefore, presence of wide variation among all measured udder and teat morphometric traits and DMY among studied goat populations were potentials for selections to initiate community based breeding programs in lowlands of the Bale zone, Ethiopia.

乳房和乳头形态计量学提供了一种简单、低成本的预测产奶量的工具，显示出产奶量和身体状况的正相关，并作为改进计划的关键选择标准。因此，本研究旨在评估在埃塞俄比亚贝尔区低地饲养的泌乳山羊的产奶量性能和乳房和乳头形态计量学特征。在本研究中，选取了270只临床健康的泌乳山羊，这些山羊来自三个山羊密集区。在哺乳期、胎次、出生类型和性别的幼儿吸吮前的清晨和傍晚分别测量泌乳母的日产奶量（DMY）、乳高（UH）、乳宽（UW）、乳围（UC）、乳深（UD）、乳深（TD）、乳长（TL）、乳距（DBT）、乳围（TC）、乳距地面（UDG）和乳体积（UV）。数据分析采用方差分析、相关分析、回归分析和多变量分析。结果表明，除紫外线外，DMY、乳房和乳头形态计量学性状在研究区均受显著影响（p < 0.05）。哺乳期对DMY和UC的影响显著（p < 0.0001）；然而，对UD、UDG和TD的影响不显著。doe宇称效应在TD和DMY上极显著（p < 0.0001），在UW、UD、UC、UDG和UV上不显著（p > 0.05）。高产奶量确实提高了第二胎、单胎和男婴的表现。UC、UV和UW表现出显著的变化（p < 0.0001），并与DMY表现出中度至高度的相关性，表明与预测产奶量性能有很强的正相关。因此，在所研究的山羊种群中，所有测量到的乳房和乳头形态特征和DMY之间存在广泛的差异，这是在埃塞俄比亚贝尔地区低地启动基于社区的育种计划的选择潜力。

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引用次数: 0