Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献_第6页

Detection of camel milk adulteration with buffalo milk during semi hard cheese production 半硬奶酪生产中骆驼奶掺入水牛奶的检测

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100536

Lívia Darnay, Annamária Barkó, Barnabás Juhász, József Surányi, Miklós Süth, Karina Ilona Hidas

As camel milk is a highly nutritional milk type with difficult access, emerging concern is related to its adulteration. Although researchers are publishing methods for detection of fraud, there is still a need to understand the effects of adulteration also on processed dairy products made of camel milk. The present research aims to show the classical and the new approaches for determination of camel milk adulteration with buffalo milk involving also the cheese manufacturing process and ripening. German camel milk was mixed with different ratios of Hungarian buffalo milk (0 % - 20 % - 40 % - 60 % - 80 % - 100 %). Pasteurized milk samples were analysed with ELISA-based test kit, gel electrophoresis, analytical chemistry before undergoing the same manufacturing process. Resulted cheese samples were ripened for 6 months and analysed for color, fat, protein, histamine concentration, textural properties and cheese holes development due to long ripening time. Our results show that the adulteration with buffalo milk could be detected both in milk and in cheese. Milk adulteration could be followed by appearance of β-lactoglobulin and significantly higher fat, protein and lactose concentration. Cheese adulteration impacted numerous parameters. Already the addition of 20 % buffalo milk resulted in 90 % higher cheese yield, darker and more yellowish cheese color and 74 % increase in hardness. Furthermore, sensory panellists observed a linear correlation between cheese holes and buffalo milk concentration and found significant difference to camel cheese already by addition of 40 % buffalo milk.

由于骆驼奶是一种高营养的牛奶，很难获得，因此人们越来越关注其掺假问题。尽管研究人员正在发表检测欺诈的方法，但仍然需要了解掺假对骆驼奶加工乳制品的影响。本研究旨在展示测定骆驼奶与水牛奶掺假的经典方法和新方法，包括奶酪的制造过程和成熟过程。将德国骆驼奶与不同比例的匈牙利水牛奶（0% - 20% - 40% - 60% - 80% - 100%）混合。在进行相同的制造过程之前，使用基于elisa的检测试剂盒，凝胶电泳，分析化学对巴氏奶样品进行分析。结果奶酪样品成熟6个月，分析了由于长时间成熟导致的颜色、脂肪、蛋白质、组胺浓度、质地特性和奶酪孔发育情况。结果表明，牛奶和奶酪中均可检出水牛奶掺假。掺假后会出现β-乳球蛋白，脂肪、蛋白质和乳糖浓度显著升高。奶酪掺假影响了许多参数。加入20%的水牛奶已经使奶酪产量提高了90%，奶酪颜色更深、更黄，硬度提高了74%。此外，感官小组成员观察到奶酪洞和水牛奶浓度之间的线性关系，并发现添加40%水牛奶的骆驼奶酪有显著差异。

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引用次数: 0

Climate-resilient genetic selection in cattle: Insights from resilience phenotypes of Fogera cattle under climate variabilities 牛的气候适应性遗传选择：气候变化下福格拉牛适应性表型的见解

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100538

Demelash Kassahun , Mekonnen Tilahun , Zeleke Tesema , Mulugeta Meseret , Eyasu Lakew , Assemu Tesfa , Addisu Bitew , Mulat Lakew , Tewodros Bimrow , Mehari Ayalew , Adebabay Kebede , Beyadglign Hunegnaw , Adebabay Adane , Demelash Dagnaw , Mulugeta Alemayehu , Getinet Mekuriaw Tarekegn

This study aimed to derive novel resilience phenotypes in response to climatic variability using pedigree and phenotypic data from 646 Fogera cows recorded between 1998 and 2011. The data included average daily milk yield, productive longevity, functional longevity, and heat tolerance index. Resilience phenotypes were estimated through genotype-by-environment interaction analyses using a random regression model with reaction norm functions, integrated with climate data accessed from the NASA POWER database. Genetic parameters and correlations between resilience and economic traits were estimated using the animal model using Average Information Restricted Maximum Likelihood (AIREML) of WOMBAT. Genetic trends were evaluated by regressing estimated breeding values (EBVs) by calving year. Future resilience potential under projected climate scenarios was analyzed using downscaled data from the Climate Change Knowledge Portal, applying bias correction and quantile mapping at a 10 km resolution. Results showed that increasing temperature-humidity index and declining rainfall significantly reduced resilience phenotypes of Fogera cattle. Heritability estimates were low to moderate under both temperature-humidity index and rainfall variability, suggesting a moderate genetic basis for adaptive traits. Negative genetic correlations between milk yield, longevity, and resilience traits indicated antagonism between productivity and adaptability. The genetic decline in resilience likely resulted from selection emphasizing productivity over adaptability. Across all climate scenarios, resilience potential consistently declined, emphasizing the need for climate-smart breeding strategies integrating resilience and production traits to ensure sustainable genetic progress under changing climatic conditions.

本研究旨在利用1998年至2011年间记录的646头Fogera奶牛的谱系和表型数据，得出应对气候变化的新型恢复力表型。数据包括平均日产奶量、生产寿命、功能寿命和耐热指数。利用反应范数函数的随机回归模型，结合NASA POWER数据库的气候数据，通过基因型-环境相互作用分析，估计了恢复力表型。利用袋熊的平均信息限制最大似然（Average Information Restricted Maximum Likelihood， AIREML）动物模型估计了袋熊恢复力与经济性状的遗传参数和相关性。通过对产犊年份的估计育种值（ebv）回归来评价遗传趋势。利用来自气候变化知识门户网站的缩小数据，应用偏差校正和10公里分辨率的分位数制图，分析了预测气候情景下的未来复原力潜力。结果表明，温湿指数的增加和降雨量的减少显著降低了福格拉牛的恢复表型。温湿指数和降雨变异的遗传力均为低至中等，表明适应性性状具有中等遗传基础。产奶量、寿命和抗逆性性状之间存在负相关的遗传关系，表明生产力与适应性之间存在拮抗关系。恢复力的遗传下降可能是由于选择强调生产力而不是适应性。在所有气候情景中，恢复力潜力持续下降，这强调了将恢复力和生产性状结合起来的气候智能型育种战略的必要性，以确保在不断变化的气候条件下实现可持续的遗传进步。

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引用次数: 0

Allelic diversity of Blec2 gene in indigenous and local chickens and red junglefowl in Thailand: Implications for disease resistance 泰国本地鸡和地方鸡及红丛林鸡Blec2基因的等位基因多样性：对抗病的影响

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100532

Trifan Budi , Worapong Singchat , Nivit Tanglertpaibul , Thanyapat Thong , Thitipong Panthum , Aingorn Chaiyes , Narongrit Muangmai , Orathai Sawatdichaikul , Darren K Griffin , Prateep Duengkae , Yoichi Matsuda , Kornsorn Srikulnath

Although selective breeding significantly enhances production traits in commercial chickens, it often compromises their immune function. Indigenous chickens, however, typically exhibit strong disease resistance. The major histocompatibility complex plays a critical role in the adaptive immune responses to pathogens in chickens. The Blec2 gene in the MHC-B region, which encodes a putative natural killer cell receptor, is a promising candidate that influences the early immune responses. Little, however, is known about polymorphisms of this gene in indigenous and local chicken breeds or red junglefowl in Thailand. In this study, polymorphisms in a partial fragment of exon 4 and intron 3 of Blec2 were examined using targeted next-generation sequencing and genetic diversity analyses. Fourteen alleles and nine single nucleotide substitutions were identified; these included both silent and missense mutations, which may influence immune function. Notably, one allele, Blec2*TH2, referred to as haplotype 21, is reported to be strongly associated with resistance against the H5N1 virus. Purifying selection alongside stochastic processes were also observed in this gene fragment, indicating a strong potential for disease resistance. By contrast, Blec2*TH13 allele referred to as haplotype 13, which was previously reported to correlate with 100% mortality rate for avian influenza, was detected in Nin Kaset breed. The study findings indicate the existence of diverse immune response mechanisms in indigenous and local chickens and red junglefowl in Thailand. These findings provide valuable insights that should be relevant for information for developing breeding programs using marker-assisted selection to enhance the immune resilience of commercial poultry stocks.

虽然选择性育种显著提高了商品鸡的生产性状，但它往往损害了它们的免疫功能。然而，本地鸡通常表现出很强的抗病能力。主要组织相容性复合体在鸡对病原体的适应性免疫反应中起关键作用。MHC-B区域的Blec2基因编码一种假定的自然杀伤细胞受体，是一种有希望影响早期免疫反应的候选基因。然而，人们对该基因在泰国本土和当地鸡品种或红色丛林鸮中的多态性知之甚少。在这项研究中，利用下一代测序和遗传多样性分析，研究了Blec2外显子4和内含子3部分片段的多态性。鉴定出14个等位基因和9个单核苷酸取代；这些突变包括沉默突变和错义突变，它们可能影响免疫功能。值得注意的是，一个等位基因Blec2*TH2，被称为单倍型21，据报道与对H5N1病毒的耐药性密切相关。在该基因片段中还观察到净化选择和随机过程，表明具有很强的抗病潜力。相比之下，Blec2*TH13等位基因（即单倍型13）在宁卡塞特品种中被检测到，该等位基因先前被报道与100%的禽流感死亡率相关。研究结果表明，泰国本土鸡和当地鸡以及红丛林鸡存在不同的免疫反应机制。这些发现提供了有价值的见解，应该与利用标记辅助选择开发育种计划的信息相关，以提高商业家禽种群的免疫弹性。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence and associated factors of schistosomiasis among domestic ruminants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis 埃塞俄比亚国内反刍动物中血吸虫病的流行及其相关因素：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100535

Yihenew Getahun Ambaw , Simachew Getaneh Endalamew , Ambachew Motbaynor Wubaye , Simegnew Adugna Kallu

Schistosomiasis is a significant concern for animal and public health, particularly in low-income and rural areas with limited access to clean water and healthcare services. Evidence on the national pooled prevalence and risk factors of ruminant schistosomiasis in Ethiopia is limited, underscoring the need for further research to inform effective control strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in line with the PRISMA guidelines. An extensive review was conducted across five academic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science), with all searches completed between May 10, 2025, and June 1, 2025. Heterogeneity was assessed, and a random-effects model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of schistosomiasis in ruminants. The sources of variation were analyzed through subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Begg's test, and Egger’s test. A total of 33 studies were included in this meta-analysis, revealing a pooled prevalence of schistosomiasis in ruminants of 14.4 %, 95 % CI: [11.2-17.6]. The analysis demonstrated a substantial degree of heterogeneity among studies, with I² = 98.2 %, Q=1764.5 and p < 0.001. Among the variables analyzed for heterogeneity, the species of domestic ruminant and geographical region were identified as significant risk factors. Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence of schistosomiasis varied by species: 15.9 %, 95 % CI: [12.5–19.3] in cattle, 8.4 %, 95 % CI: [0.0–20.3] in sheep, and 3.0 %, 95 % CI: [0.0–31.9] in goats. According to the geographical region-based subgroup meta-analysis, the Amhara region exhibited the highest prevalence among domestic ruminants at 18.6 %, 95 % CI: [15.4–21.7], followed by the Oromia region at 12.8 %, 95 % CI: [4.8–20.9]. This systematic review and meta-analysis highlight that schistosomiasis remains a persistent threat to domestic ruminants in Ethiopia. Thus, veterinary and public health professionals, research institutions, livestock owners, and policymakers are encouraged to collaborate in designing and implementing effective prevention and control strategies for schistosomiasis.

血吸虫病是动物和公共卫生的一个重大关切，特别是在获得清洁水和卫生保健服务有限的低收入和农村地区。关于埃塞俄比亚反刍动物血吸虫病全国综合流行率和风险因素的证据有限，这突出表明需要进一步研究，以便为有效的控制战略提供信息。该系统评价和荟萃分析是根据PRISMA指南进行的。对五个学术数据库（PubMed， b谷歌Scholar， ScienceDirect， Scopus和Web of Science）进行了广泛的审查，所有搜索都在2025年5月10日至2025年6月1日之间完成。评估异质性，并采用随机效应模型确定反刍动物中血吸虫病的总流行率。通过亚组分析、meta回归和敏感性分析分析变异的来源。采用漏斗图、Begg检验和Egger检验评估发表偏倚。该荟萃分析共纳入33项研究，显示反刍动物中血吸虫病的总患病率为14.4%,95% CI:[11.2-17.6]。分析表明研究之间存在很大程度的异质性，I²= 98.2%，Q=1764.5, p < 0.001。在异质性分析变量中，家养反刍动物的种类和地理区域是显著的危险因素。亚群分析显示，不同物种的血吸虫病患病率不同：牛15.9%,95% CI:[12.5-19.3]，绵羊8.4%,95% CI:[0.0-20.3]，山羊3.0%,95% CI:[0.0-31.9]。基于地理区域的亚群荟萃分析显示，阿姆哈拉地区家养反刍动物患病率最高，为18.6%,95% CI:[15.4 ~ 21.7]；其次是奥罗米亚地区，为12.8%,95% CI:[4.8 ~ 20.9]。本系统综述和荟萃分析强调，血吸虫病仍然是埃塞俄比亚国内反刍动物的持续威胁。因此，鼓励兽医和公共卫生专业人员、研究机构、牲畜所有者和政策制定者在设计和实施有效的血吸虫病预防和控制战略方面进行合作。

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引用次数: 0

Therapeutic applications of IgY in common canine and feline viral diseases IgY在常见犬、猫病毒性疾病中的治疗应用

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100534

Kamyar Madani , Nima Neyestani , Jalil Mehrzad , Darioush Shirani , Niloofar Zarifian

Background

Immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) is the major antibody in birds whose immunotherapeutic potential has been investigated in canine and feline viral diseases. Management currently focuses on supportive care (often insufficient) or prevention using vaccines (slow to develop). IgY is developed against a wide range of antigens, and commercial formulations also exist. Several therapeutic trials and case reports examine IgY as main or adjunctive treatment in feline and canine viral diseases.

Objectives

To map and summarize the available evidence on IgY-based immunotherapy for viral infections of dogs and cats and assess its reported benefits and shortcomings in a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Eligibility criteria

Original English-language studies, focusing on the application of IgY in treating canine and feline viral diseases.

Sources of evidence

Six databases (Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate) were searched in October 2024 using combinations of keywords related to IgY, small animals and therapy.

Charting methods

Data on study design, treatment protocol/dosage/outcome and OCEBM level of evidence score were extracted.

Results

In total, 14 studies met inclusion criteria, including 7 clinical trials, 3 case series and 4 case reports; ten investigated CPV-2, while four examined feline viruses (FIV/FeLV/FIP). Most were small non-randomized clinical trials. IgY was administered orally, intravenously, and intranasally. Higher doses generally produced stronger effects. Feline studies used non-specific IgY with limited therapeutical benefit.

Conclusions

IgY-based immunotherapy appeared safe, accelerated recovery and reduced mortality in most studies, but current evidence in feline viral infections is limited and non-specific. Further pathogen-specific trials are required.

背景免疫球蛋白蛋黄（IgY）是鸟类的主要抗体，其在犬和猫病毒性疾病中的免疫治疗潜力已被研究。目前的管理侧重于支持性护理（往往不足）或使用疫苗进行预防（发展缓慢）。IgY是针对多种抗原开发的，也存在商业配方。一些治疗试验和病例报告检验了IgY作为猫和犬病毒性疾病的主要或辅助治疗方法。目的：在遵循PRISMA-ScR指南的范围审查中，绘制和总结基于ige的免疫疗法治疗狗和猫病毒感染的现有证据，并评估其报告的益处和不足。入选标准原创英文研究，重点关注IgY在治疗犬、猫病毒性疾病中的应用。我们于2024年10月使用IgY、小动物和治疗相关的关键词组合检索了证据来源数据库（Web of Science、Scopus、ScienceDirect、b谷歌Scholar、PubMed、ResearchGate）。图表方法提取研究设计、治疗方案/剂量/结局和OCEBM证据评分水平的数据。结果14项研究符合纳入标准，其中临床试验7项，病例系列3例，病例报告4例；10个研究CPV-2, 4个研究猫病毒（FIV/FeLV/FIP）。大多数是小型非随机临床试验。IgY通过口服、静脉注射和鼻内给药。高剂量通常产生更强的效果。猫科动物研究使用非特异性IgY，治疗效果有限。结论基于sigg的免疫治疗在大多数研究中表现出安全、加速恢复和降低死亡率，但目前对猫病毒感染的证据有限且非特异性。需要进一步的病原体特异性试验。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of Securidaca longipedunculata (violet tree) effect on semen quality and blood sex hormone levels in indigenous goats 紫罗兰树对地方山羊精液质量和血液性激素水平影响的评价

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100531

Kamogelo Shai , Sogolo L. Lebelo , Freddy Manyeula , Monnye Mabelebele , Amenda N. Sebola

Semen quality, sperm characteristics and profiling of reproductive hormones of indigenous goat bucks (IGB) are of paramount importance for both the sustainable management of livestock populations and the economic well-being of farming communities. The current study assessed the impact of S.longipedunculata leaf extract (SLLE) on semen quality, sperm characteristics, and reproductive hormones in IGB. Sixteen pubertal bucks (12–18 months) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups receiving SLLE at 0, 50, 100, and 125 mg/kg body weight. Results showed that SLLE at 50 and 100 mg/kg improved spermatogenesis, increasing sperm concentration and semen volume. However, higher doses (125 mg/kg) reduced live sperm cell percentages. SLLE significantly influenced sperm motility and velocity but had no significant effect on oestrogen and testosterone levels. These findings suggest SLLE may enhance IGB reproductive performance.

本地公山羊（IGB）的精液质量、精子特征和生殖激素分析对牲畜种群的可持续管理和农业社区的经济福祉至关重要。本研究评估了长柄藤叶提取物（SLLE）对IGB患者精液质量、精子特征和生殖激素的影响。16只青春期雄鹿（12-18月龄）随机分为4组，分别给予0、50、100和125 mg/kg体重的SLLE治疗。结果表明，50和100 mg/kg的SLLE可促进精子发生，提高精子浓度和精液体积。然而，较高剂量（125 mg/kg）会降低活精子细胞百分比。SLLE显著影响精子活力和速度，但对雌激素和睾酮水平无显著影响。这些发现表明，SLLE可能会提高IGB的生殖性能。

引用次数: 0

Differentiating infected from vaccinated animals: Validation and application of NH-AGID assay in heifers immunized with Brucella abortus strain A19-∆VirB12 区分感染动物与接种动物：NH-AGID测定在接种流产布鲁氏菌A19-∆VirB12的母牛中的验证和应用

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100530

Feng Ye , Xiao-jing Ma , Li-ya Liu , Wen-xi Gu , Wen-liang Yan , Xu Zhang , Jia-rui Zhang , Xin-ping Yi

Differentiating infected from vaccinated animals is crucial for clinical diagnosis in brucellosis control. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of native hapten agar gel immuno-diffusion(NH-AGID) in differential identification of infected heifers from vaccined with strain A19-∆VirB12 and identifying shedding animals at the serologic level. 30 heifers were vaccined with A19-∆VirB12, and corresponding serum and vaginal swab samples were collected at predetermined intervals. Serological assessments were conducted using the Rose-bengal test, serum agglutination test, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and NH-AGID. Brucella-positive sera were further distinguished using differential identification ELISA and NH-AGID. Vaginal swab DNA was tested using AMOS-PCR and dual real-time fluorescence PCR. Results showed that NH-AGID demonstrated a high specificity and positive predictive values (PPV) for diagnosis of brucellosis. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy of NH-AGID for infected and shedding animals was more than 90 %. Heifers vaccinated with A19-∆VirB12 were serologically confirmed as infected by NH-AGID and also tested positive by PCR. The application of NH-AGID effectively identified infected and shedding animals from vaccination with A19-∆VirB12, thereby supporting the brucellosis decontamination efforts.

区分受感染动物和接种疫苗的动物对布鲁氏菌病控制的临床诊断至关重要。本研究的目的是评估天然半抗原琼脂凝胶免疫扩散（NH-AGID）在区分接种A19-∆VirB12的感染小牛和在血清学水平上鉴定脱落动物的性能。30头母牛接种A19-∆VirB12疫苗，每隔一段时间采集相应的血清和阴道拭子样本。采用Rose-bengal试验、血清凝集试验、竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验和NH-AGID进行血清学评估。采用ELISA和NH-AGID鉴别布鲁氏菌阳性血清。采用AMOS-PCR和双实时荧光PCR检测阴道拭子DNA。结果表明，NH-AGID对布鲁氏菌病诊断具有较高的特异性和阳性预测值（PPV）。此外，NH-AGID对感染和脱落动物的诊断准确率超过90%。接种A19-∆VirB12的小母牛血清学证实感染了NH-AGID， PCR检测也呈阳性。NH-AGID的应用有效地识别了接种了A19-∆VirB12的感染和脱落动物，从而支持了布鲁氏菌病的净化工作。

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引用次数: 0

First molecular detection of Francisella tularensis and investigation of Coxiella burnetii in horse sera in Iran 伊朗马血清中土拉弗朗西斯菌的首次分子检测和伯纳氏柯谢氏菌的调查

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100529

Mehdi Narouei, Heidar Rahimi, Khatereh Kafshdouzan

Infections caused by Francisella tularensis and Coxiella burnetii, as zoonotic diseases, pose a serious threat to the health of humans and animals. To date, there is limited information regarding these diseases in horses. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of F. tularensis and C. burnetii in the serum of racehorses in Iran (Golestan province). 350 blood samples were collected from racehorses in four regions of Golestan province, and demographic data (sex, age, and sampling location) were recorded. The collected serum samples were examined by PCR to identify the genomes of F. tularensis and C. burnetii. The results showed that 3.4 % (P < 0.05, 95 % CI: 1.97 % – 5.9 %) of the serum samples were positive for F. tularensis genome, while no positive cases for C. burnetii genome were detected. Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between horse age and F. tularensis infection, with the highest prevalence (3.93 %) detected in animals younger than five years (P < 0.05, 95 % CI: 2.21 % – 6.9 %). Moreover, the study revealed a significant difference in F. tularensis prevalence between sexes, with infection rates of 5.84 % in stallions and 1.88 % in mares. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the regions studied and the prevalence of F. tularensis. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of tularemia prevalence in horses in Iran. This study indicates that horses can be considered a potential weak reservoir for F. tularensis.

土拉弗朗西斯菌和伯纳克希菌感染作为人畜共患疾病，对人类和动物的健康构成严重威胁。迄今为止，关于马中这些疾病的信息有限。本研究旨在评估伊朗（戈列斯坦省）赛马血清中土拉菌和伯氏胞杆菌的流行情况。从戈列斯坦省的四个地区收集了350份赛马血液样本，并记录了人口统计数据（性别、年龄和采样地点）。收集的血清样本采用PCR检测土拉菌和伯纳蒂胞杆菌的基因组。结果显示，3.4% （P < 0.05, 95% CI: 1.97% ~ 5.9%）的血清标本土拉菌基因组阳性，未检出伯纳蒂胞杆菌基因组阳性。此外，马的年龄与土拉菌感染之间存在显著关系，5岁以下马的感染率最高（3.93%）（P < 0.05, 95% CI: 2.21% - 6.9%）。此外，该研究还揭示了土拉菌的感染率在两性之间存在显著差异，种马的感染率为5.84%，母马的感染率为1.88%。统计分析显示，研究地区和土拉菌病患病率之间无显著差异。据我们所知，这是伊朗首次报告马中流行土拉菌病。这项研究表明，马可以被认为是土拉菌的潜在弱宿主。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of maternal-offspring selenium transfer in ewes and newborn lambs via serum, whole blood, and wool matrices 通过血清、全血和羊毛基质评估母儿硒在母羊和新生羔羊中的转移

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100527

Mehmet Çalışkan

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient required by almost all organisms. Disorders associated with Se deficiency can occur in various animal species, but they are more common in ruminants, especially small ruminants. This study had two main objectives: first, to investigate whether there is a correlation between whole blood, serum, and wool Se levels in sheep and lambs individually; and second, to examine the relationship between Se levels in these matrices between ewes and their newborn lambs. Wool samples were collected from the sulcus jugularis region using a razor blade, and blood samples were obtained via jugular venipuncture from 18 ewes and their 18 colostrum-fed lambs aged 12 to 72 h. Significant correlations were found between serum and whole blood Se levels within both ewes (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) and lambs (r = 0.69, p < 0.01), indicating internal consistency within each group. Se concentrations in whole blood, serum, and wool samples were similar between ewes and lambs, with no statistically significant differences observed in any matrix (p > 0.05). While Se concentrations in whole blood showed a significant correlation between ewes and lambs (r = 0.65, p < 0.01), no such correlation was observed in serum or wool samples. These findings suggest that both whole blood and serum are suitable for assessing individual Se status in sheep and lambs, whereas whole blood may serve as a more reliable matrix for evaluating maternal-offspring Se transfer.

硒（Se）是几乎所有生物都需要的一种必需微量营养素。与硒缺乏相关的疾病可发生在各种动物中，但在反刍动物中更为常见，尤其是小反刍动物。本研究有两个主要目的：第一，调查绵羊和羔羊个体的全血、血清和羊毛硒水平之间是否存在相关性；第二，检查母羊和新生羔羊之间这些基质中硒水平的关系。18只母羊及其18只12 ~ 72 h初乳喂养的羔羊的血清和全血硒水平（r = 0.72, p < 0.01）与羔羊（r = 0.69, p < 0.01）呈显著相关，说明各组内部具有一致性。全血、血清和羊毛样品中的硒浓度在母羊和羔羊之间相似，在任何基质中均无统计学差异（p > 0.05）。全血硒浓度在母羊和羔羊之间呈极显著相关（r = 0.65, p < 0.01），而在血清和羊毛样品中没有发现这种相关性。这些发现表明，全血和血清都适用于评估绵羊和羔羊个体硒状况，而全血可能作为评估母代硒转移的更可靠的基质。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles in drinking water on broiler chicken growth, antioxidant, and immunity responses 饮用水中氧化锌纳米粒子和硒纳米粒子对肉鸡生长、抗氧化和免疫反应的协同效应

IF 1.9 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Veterinary and Animal Science

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2025.100528

Hardi Ahmed Karim AL-JAF , Saman Abdulmajid Rashid

The poultry sector faces several nutritional and health challenges, including deficiencies in essential micronutrients such as zinc and selenium, which, although required in low levels, are important for growth and immune function. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool to enhance nutrient bioavailability and efficacy. While individual benefits of Zn and Se nanoparticles (NPs) have been demonstrated, research on their combined effects in broilers is limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of combined zinc oxide (ZnO) and Se NPs in drinking water on the performance, gut morphology, antioxidant capacity, and humoral immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 252 one-day-old chicks were randomly assigned for 35 days to six treatment groups, each consisting of six replicates with seven birds per experimental cage. The treatments included a negative control (T1) without Zn and Se supplementation, a positive control (T2) with inorganic Zn and Se supplementation, and four treatments (T3, T4, T5, and T6) receiving combined ZnO and Se NPs at doses of 35 and 0.15, 70 and 0.3, 35 and 0.3, and 70 and 0.15 mg/L, respectively. Birds receiving combinations of ZnO and Se NPs demonstrated significant improvements in body weight, feed efficiency, and feed intake. Enhanced villus height in the small intestine, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced malondialdehyde levels were also observed. Antibody titres against Newcastle disease virus were significantly elevated. In conclusion, combined ZnO and Se NPs can enhance growth, physiological status, and immune function in broiler chickens.

家禽业面临着若干营养和健康挑战，包括锌和硒等基本微量营养素缺乏，这些微量营养素虽然需求量低，但对生长和免疫功能很重要。纳米技术已成为提高营养物质生物利用度和功效的一种有前途的工具。虽然锌和硒纳米颗粒（NPs）的单独益处已得到证实，但对其在肉鸡中的综合效应的研究有限。本研究旨在研究饮用水中氧化锌和硒复合NPs对肉鸡生产性能、肠道形态、抗氧化能力和体液免疫的影响。选取1日龄雏鸡252只，随机分为6个处理组，每组6个重复，每个试验笼7只，试验期35 d。阴性对照（T1）不添加Zn和Se，阳性对照（T2）添加无机Zn和Se， 4个处理（T3、T4、T5和T6）分别饲喂剂量为35和0.15、70和0.3、35和0.3、70和0.15 mg/L的ZnO和Se复合NPs。饲粮中添加氧化锌和硒NPs显著改善了禽类的体重、饲料效率和采食量。小肠绒毛高度增加，抗氧化酶活性增加，丙二醛水平降低。抗新城疫病毒抗体滴度显著升高。综上所述，氧化锌和硒复合NPs可以促进肉仔鸡的生长、生理状态和免疫功能。

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