Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe最新文献

{"title":"Sports and Physical education as servants of Politics:Physical culture in Hungary between the two world wars","authors":"Ákos Cserny","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2275920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2275920","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn most countries, sports and the physical education of youth receive special attention from those holding political power. The reason for this is, among other things, that the development of this area is decisive from the point of view of the physical and mental condition of individuals and, consequently, the future of a society. In the course of history, state activity on the subject can be observed from the development of the idea of the social state in the 20th century. In the case of Hungary, a similar trend can be observed, which, however, is significantly shaded by the fact that, as a result of historical processes, physical culture has been at the service of power – in different ways and to varying degrees – almost to this day. In this context, this study examines the period between the two world wars. The topic is particularly interesting nowadays, when the relationship between sports and politics is strong in Hungary, and when the ruling government likes to look back to the history of the period between the two world wars for examples.KEYWORDS: Sportsphysical educationLevente serviceleisure sportsHorthy regimeHungary Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. The official name of the paramilitary training organization in Hungary between the two world wars, whose main task was the patriotic education of youth.Additional informationNotes on contributorsÁkos CsernyÁkos Cserny is a habilitated doctor in law. The focus of his more than 25 years of higher education and research activities was on a number of areas of constitutional law, such as government operations and electoral law. Recently, he has been researching the social and legal connections between sports and physical education.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":" 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Italian cultural diplomacy in Estonia during the interwar period: from the <i>de jure</i> recognition to the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact (1921-1939)","authors":"Rosario Napolitano","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2275889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2275889","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article aims to trace the influence of Italian cultural diplomacy and its, impact in Estonia starting from the de jure recognition in 1921 to the signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact in 1939, the prelude to the Soviet invasion of the Baltic States of June 1940. The cultural relations between Italy and Estonia could be divided into two time periods: the first one, from 1921 to 1931, when Italy tried to establish the foundations of its cultural influence in Estonia; the second one, from 1932 to 1939. In the latter period, the growth of Italian diplomatic influence abroad corresponded to a more precise propaganda project, outlined not only by the Italian diplomatic mission in Tallinn, but also by three key episodes: the Volta Conference in Rome, the establishment of C.A.U.R (Comitati d’Azione per l’Universalità di Roma/Action Committees for the Universality of Rome) in 1932 and 1933 respectively, and the foundation of the Ministry of Popular Culture in 1937.KEYWORDS: Estonian independencefascist propagandaC.A.U.RBenito MussoliniKonstantin Päts AcknowledgmentsI am very thankful to Olavi Arens (Georgia Southern University), Andres Kasekamp (Toronto University), Eero Medijainen (University of Tartu), James Montgomery Baxenfield (Tallinn University), Justin Bancroft (Riga Business School) and Marcus Denton for their useful and helpful comments on the first version of this article.Disclosure statementsNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1. Rahvusarhiiv (hereafter ERA) (Tallinn): 957. 8. 70. 30.2. ERA 957.5.493.4.3. ERA. .957.8.70. 23b.4. Archivio storico del Ministero degli Affari Esteri (hereafter ASMAE) (Rome): fondo Direzione Generale per gli Affari commerciali (1919–1923), paese Estonia. Istituzione di un corso di lingua e cultura italiana presso l’Università di Dorpat5. ASMAE: fondo Direzione Generale per gli Affari commerciali (1919–1923), paese Estonia Viaggio in Italia di insegnanti e studentesse estoni6. ASMAE: fondo Direzione Generale per gli Affari commerciali (1919–1923), paese Estonia. Viaggio in Italia di comitive straniere7. ASMAE: Affari Politici 1931–1945, busta 1, paese Estonia. Estonia e Società delle Nazioni.8. ASMAE: Affari Politici 1931–1945, busta 1, paese Estonia. Partito fascista in Estonia9. Ibid.10. ASMAE: Affari Politici 1931–1945, busta 1, paese Estonia. Situazione interna dell’Estonia.11. Archivio Centrale dello Stato (hereafter ACS) (Rome). Fondo del Ministero della Cultura Popolare (Minculpop), paese Estonia, busta 65, Pensiero e azione degli ex combattenti.12. Ibid.13. ACS: Minculpop, busta 65, paese Estonia, Relazione sulla missione dell’On. Dott. Alessandro Pavolini per incarico del Presidente del C.A.U.R. in Lituania, Lettonia, Estonia e Finlandia (luglio-agosto 1934).14. ERA 1608/2/1727: 1.15. ACS: Minculpop, busta 65, paese Estonia, Viaggio del Cav. Uff. Dott. Ferruccio Guido Cabalzar, ispettore dei C.A.U.R.16. ACS: Minculpop, busta 65, paese Estonia, Le spécialiste en de ","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"322 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The changing world of labour in Hungary and Central and Eastern Europe before and after the 1989/90 transition","authors":"Tibor Valuch","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2271267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2271267","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines the social and economic changes experienced by the former class of workers in Hungary and Central and Eastern Europe following the 1989–1990 shift from socialism to democracy. After introducing what common traits characterized the region’s workers during the late period of state socialism, I will analyze in detail the post-communist transition, the processes of both de- and post-industrialization and the various impacts of globalization, including its subsequent realignment of social classes. Questions such as the transformed content of physical labour, the changes involved in identifying as a labourer and the work or survival strategies employed by certain groups of workers will also be briefly addressed.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Cyber as sovereignty space: state transformation in the periphery of Europe”","authors":"Islam Jusufi","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2270876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2270876","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe debates over cyberspace and digitalization and their impact over sovereignty have recently had lively discussions in the literature of international relations. This sovereignty debate in the periphery of Europe regarding cyberspace is emerging and it has become an area in which national authorities have sought to claim their share. The paper analyses cyberspace and digitalization and how they have affected the understanding of sovereignty over cyberspace and how they have transformed the state in a specific country case study in the periphery of Europe. It achieves this by focusing on Albania. Cyberspace and digitalization have emerged as priorities for domestic politics, in which Tirana has endeavoured to act by applying the norms emerging internationally and they have been sources for the new role of Albanian institutions domestically. Albanian actors appear to have been less responsive to cyberspace responsibilities, by considering that Albania is not a powerful and rich enough to be a target of cyber attacks. In conditions where it has been responsive, the focus has been more on issues that concern general digitalization politics.KEYWORDS: CyberspacedigitalisationsovereigntyAlbania Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsIslam JusufiIslam Jusufi holds the title of Associate Professor of Political Science and is the author of publications on security, sovereignty, and regime changes in modern Balkans.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From strategic partner to co-aggressor: Russia’s attempts to lure Belarus into the war in Ukraine","authors":"Robert Gabriel Țicălău","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2263221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2263221","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAlthough Belarus is one of Russia’s strategic partners after the outbreak of the war in Donbas relations between the two states were increasingly tense. Since 2014, Alexander Lukashenko has refused to recognize the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation and has tried to mediate the conflict by hosting peace talks in Minsk. Moreover, in 2018 and 2019, he refused Vladimir Putin’s proposals to deepen integration with Russia within the Union State. However, since the beginning of post-election protests and the imposition of harsh sanctions by the West, Alexander Lukashenko has tried to retain power and get closer to Russia. That is why he made a series of concessions to his Russian counterpart agreeing to adopt a new military doctrine of the Union State and to organize the military drills “Allied Resolve” on the territory of Belarus. This article examines how the Belarusian president reacted to Vladimir Putin’s attempts to lure him into the Russo-Ukrainian war throughout 2022. The paper shows that although initially, Alexander Lukashenko succumbed to Putin’s pressure to allow the Russian army to use Belarus to invade Ukraine, afterward he acted cautiously, avoiding at all costs the direct involvement of the Belarusian army in the war.KEYWORDS: Alexander LukashenkoBelarusVladimir PutinRussiaUkraine Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. In his speech to the National Assembly on January 28, 2022, Alexander Lukashenko claimed that he would allow the Belarusian army to participate in a conflict only in two cases: if faced with an attack on Belarusian independence and sovereignty, or if Russia was the target of aggression by the West.2. In a speech three days after the outbreak of war, Alexander Lukashenko denied the involvement of the Belarusian army in the conflict but said he would send it to Ukraine only at the express request of his counterpart Vladimir Putin.Additional informationFundingThe research leading to these results has received funding from the EEA Grants 2014-2021, under Project”Interdisciplinary Research on Russia’s Geopolitics in the Black Sea and the Arctic Ocean”, contract no. 35/2021.Notes on contributorsRobert Gabriel ȚicălăuRobert Gabriel Țicălău is currently working as a Research Assistant at the Romanian Center for Russian Studies at the University of Bucharest. He holds a BA in Security Studies and an MA in International Relations from the University of Bucharest. His research interests include the evolution of political regimes within the ex-Soviet space, the frozen conflicts in the Black Sea region, and Belarusian foreign policy.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"441 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On peoples, history, and sovereignty","authors":"Chris Hann","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2263216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2263216","url":null,"abstract":"The article opens with materials from the author’s research among east Slavs in Poland: a close-up portrayal of villagers classified as Ukrainians in the Polish People’s Republic, some of whom had no developed national consciousness; and an equally brief account of a postsocialist project in a nearby city, in which the boundaries between rival peoples were clearly drawn. Explanations for inconsistencies between individuals and enduring tensions between groups must be sought in the complicated history of this ethnic borderland. Collective identities and peoplehood are plastic. Outcomes are shaped by many factors: language and religion are fundamental, but account must also be taken of the contingencies of imperial politics, violence, industrialization, and the aspirations of intellectuals. The distinction between historical and non-historical peoples is found to be useful, but neither Ernest Gellner’s theory of nationalism nor conventional accounts of colonialism have much traction in this case. The implicit presentism of those who sacralize state boundaries at one point in time in the name of “sovereignty” has affinities with the functionalist presentism developed by Bronisław Malinowski in very different, non-European contexts. While that paradigm has few adherents nowadays, Malinowski’s posthumous critique of the state and “political sovereignty” is salutary for understanding the ongoing catastrophe in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136279491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Women’s Complaint: sociolegal mobilization against authoritarian backsliding following the 2020 abortion law in Poland","authors":"Agnieszka Kubal","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2258609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2258609","url":null,"abstract":"The decision of the Constitutional Tribunal in October 2020 has severely curtailed women’s reproductive rights in Poland. Mass protests ensued. This article focuses on the untold story of a productive rupture that channelled the protesters’ efforts into a mass legal mobilization against the tribunal’s judgement to the European Court of Human Rights. These applications, known as the “Women’s Complaint,” were filed by over one thousand Polish women. Triangulating between analysis of interviews with human rights lawyers and feminist activists, and the legal reasoning of the petition, this article’s original contribution traces the evolution of the Women’s Complaint from a reproductive rights dispute to a challenge to the government’s authoritarian backsliding to better understand the relationship between social conflicts and legal mobilization. Reproductive rights and democratic values are inextricable; threats to one reinforce threats to the other. The Women’s Complaint is about women standing up for their reproductive rights and – in effect – spearheading a much broader rights-based litigation against authoritarianism.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in sustainability approaches from the mission statements of museums – the case of CEE and other European contemporary art museums","authors":"Zsuzsanna Fehér, Katalin Ásványi","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2258610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2258610","url":null,"abstract":"Research on sustainability in museums typically focuses on one dimension of sustainability, with little research on a holistic understanding of sustainability. Research on how museums align with sustainability is not a new topic, but rare in the context of contemporary art museums. The paper aims to analyse how European contemporary art museums have incorporated sustainability into their mission statements. The study uses a qualitative discourse analysis method to examine the content of the missions of 50 European contemporary art museums. From a regional perspective, in general, an openness towards sustainability and a holistic approach is less visible in the mission, but more so in non-CEE countries. Environmental management, economic stability and innovative, proactive behaviour are also stronger in non-CEE countries. In terms of societal roles CEE museums are primarily concerned with educating society, while non-CEE museums are already playing the role of the agent of change in social transformation.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration anxieties in Eastern Europe. Material grounds for an anti-migrant turn in a global-historical perspective?","authors":"A. Melegh, Zoltán Csányi","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2274671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2274671","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Seeking to understand how socio-historical factors shaped global emigration trends in the new globalization cycle and how Eastern Europe’s integration into these processes might be linked to the rising nationalism and anti-migrant attitudes of this region, we created macro-models on a worldwide sample of 77 countries and examined the impact of the socio-economic change of the early 90’s on later emigration trends. The key research question refers to the macro-historical processes, which facilitated the spread and the rise of anti-migrant nationalism in Eastern Europe. Based on log-linear regression results, we found evidences, which support Bibó’s idea on how the historically evolving “misery” and insecurity of East European nations triggered migration anxieties in the opening-up phase of globalisation. Even though somewhat different developmental trajectories and structural pathways characterize the countries of this region – in terms of the cumulative impacts of opening up to global capital markets, the increasing incomes or re-ruralisation – an ex-socialist Eastern Europe at the fringe of an unequal and open market block seems to be a prime example of how the above pathways could have shaped public mentalities.","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"7 1","pages":"561 - 584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139343293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The political economy of family life among Romanian Roma: re-discovering politics in economy-related family-level decision-making processes (introduction to the theme section)","authors":"Péter Berta","doi":"10.1080/25739638.2023.2282253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25739638.2023.2282253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"52 1","pages":"483 - 496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139343347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}