Joohee Lee, S. Youn, Changnam Kim, S. Yeo, Seockhoon Chung
Background and ObjectiveaaDepression and insomnia are highly prevalent and important distressing symptoms in breast cancer patients. And also, strategies to assist with cognitive emotions are important to help them cope with the stress of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep disturbance and these coping strategies on depressive symptoms in breast cancer patients. MethodsaaWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 119 breast cancer patients. Psychiatric assessments were done using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), state subcategory of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). ResultsaaSignificant differences in the ISI, C-DBS, FoP, and in the regulation strategies of CERQ, were observed between depressed (PHQ-9 ≥ 10, n = 60) and non-depressed patient groups (PHQ-9 < 10, n = 59, p < 0.05). The PHQ-9 score correlated with the ISI, C-DBS, and FoP scores. All maladaptive strategies except blaming others were positively, and most adaptive strategies other than a refocus on planning were negatively correlated with PHQ-9 score (p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that breast cancer patient depression was predicted by high ISI score, high FoP score, and lower acceptance and higher catastrophizing item scores. ConclusionsaaCancer patient depression is associated with insomnia and the cognitive emotion regulation strategies used during their care. Discussions with these patients regarding coping strategies and sleep better will help to improve depressive symptoms. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):36-42
背景与目的抑郁和失眠是乳腺癌患者普遍存在的重要困扰症状。此外，帮助认知情绪的策略对帮助他们应对疾病的压力也很重要。本研究旨在探讨睡眠障碍及其应对策略对乳腺癌患者抑郁症状的影响。方法回顾性分析119例乳腺癌患者的临床资料。采用患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)、失眠严重程度指数(ISI)、状态与特质焦虑量表(STAI-S)、癌症相关睡眠功能障碍信念(C-DBS)、进展恐惧(FoP)和认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ)进行精神病学评估。结果抑郁组(PHQ-9≥10,n = 60)与非抑郁组(PHQ-9 < 10, n = 59, p < 0.05)在ISI、C-DBS、FoP及CERQ调控策略上均存在显著差异。PHQ-9得分与ISI、C-DBS和FoP得分相关。除责备他人外，所有适应不良策略与PHQ-9得分呈正相关，除重新关注计划外，大多数适应不良策略与PHQ-9得分呈负相关(p < 0.01)。线性回归分析显示，高ISI评分、高FoP评分、低接受性和高灾难化项目评分对乳腺癌患者抑郁有预测作用。结论癌症患者抑郁与失眠及护理过程中的认知情绪调节策略有关。与这些患者讨论应对策略和改善睡眠将有助于改善抑郁症状。睡眠医学杂志，2019;10(1):36-42
{"title":"The Influence of Sleep Disturbance and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on Depressive Symptoms in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"Joohee Lee, S. Youn, Changnam Kim, S. Yeo, Seockhoon Chung","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00388","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaDepression and insomnia are highly prevalent and important distressing symptoms in breast cancer patients. And also, strategies to assist with cognitive emotions are important to help them cope with the stress of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep disturbance and these coping strategies on depressive symptoms in breast cancer patients. MethodsaaWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 119 breast cancer patients. Psychiatric assessments were done using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), state subcategory of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). ResultsaaSignificant differences in the ISI, C-DBS, FoP, and in the regulation strategies of CERQ, were observed between depressed (PHQ-9 ≥ 10, n = 60) and non-depressed patient groups (PHQ-9 < 10, n = 59, p < 0.05). The PHQ-9 score correlated with the ISI, C-DBS, and FoP scores. All maladaptive strategies except blaming others were positively, and most adaptive strategies other than a refocus on planning were negatively correlated with PHQ-9 score (p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that breast cancer patient depression was predicted by high ISI score, high FoP score, and lower acceptance and higher catastrophizing item scores. ConclusionsaaCancer patient depression is associated with insomnia and the cognitive emotion regulation strategies used during their care. Discussions with these patients regarding coping strategies and sleep better will help to improve depressive symptoms. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):36-42","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42602637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yeo, K. Yi, Changnam Kim, Joohee Lee, S. Youn, S. Suh, Seockhoon Chung
Background and ObjectiveaaDepression is one of the major causes of insomnia among cancer patients, and should be explored among cancer patients who are suffering from insomnia. The objective of this study was to explore whether dysfunctional beliefs about sleep among cancer patients were associated with insomnia independent of depression. MethodsaaMedical records of patients who visited Asan Medical Center sleep clinic for cancer were reviewed retrospectively from January to November of 2017. The data included the patient’s psychiatric symptoms and assessment of sleep disorders Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient’s Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS) and a clinical interview. ResultsaaResults indicated that ISI score was significantly correlated with PHQ-9, FoP, and CDBS scores, and C-DBS score was significantly correlated with ISI, PHQ-9, and FoP scores all, p < 0.01). The ISI and C-DBS scores were not significantly correlated with age and the STAI-State scale. Linear regression analysis revealed that C-DBS (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) and PHQ-9 scores (β = 0.30, p < 0.01) predicted ISI scores among all participants. Among participants who were not depressed (PHQ-9 score ≤ 9), C-DBS scores were the only predictor for ISI scores (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). ConclusionsaaDysfunctional beliefs about sleep in cancer patients were significantly associated with severity of insomnia, independent of depression. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):31-35
背景与目的抑郁症是癌症患者失眠的主要原因之一，应在癌症患者失眠中进行探讨。本研究的目的是探讨癌症患者对睡眠的不正常信念是否与独立于抑郁的失眠有关。方法回顾性分析2017年1 - 11月峨山医院睡眠门诊癌症患者的医疗记录。数据包括患者的精神症状和睡眠障碍评估:失眠严重指数(ISI)、患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)、状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)、进展恐惧(FoP)、癌症相关的睡眠功能失调信念(C-DBS)和临床访谈。结果ISI评分与PHQ-9、FoP、CDBS评分显著相关，C-DBS评分与ISI、PHQ-9、FoP评分均显著相关(p < 0.01)。ISI和C-DBS评分与年龄和STAI-State量表无显著相关。线性回归分析显示，C-DBS (β = 0.40, p < 0.001)和PHQ-9评分(β = 0.30, p < 0.01)预测了所有被试的ISI得分。在无抑郁(PHQ-9评分≤9)的受试者中，C-DBS评分是ISI评分的唯一预测因子(β = 0.46, p < 0.001)。结论癌症患者睡眠功能障碍与失眠严重程度相关，与抑郁无关。睡眠医学杂志，2019;10(1):31-35
{"title":"Cancer-Related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep May Influence Insomnia of Cancer Patients Regardless of Depressive Symptoms","authors":"S. Yeo, K. Yi, Changnam Kim, Joohee Lee, S. Youn, S. Suh, Seockhoon Chung","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00402","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaDepression is one of the major causes of insomnia among cancer patients, and should be explored among cancer patients who are suffering from insomnia. The objective of this study was to explore whether dysfunctional beliefs about sleep among cancer patients were associated with insomnia independent of depression. MethodsaaMedical records of patients who visited Asan Medical Center sleep clinic for cancer were reviewed retrospectively from January to November of 2017. The data included the patient’s psychiatric symptoms and assessment of sleep disorders Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient’s Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS) and a clinical interview. ResultsaaResults indicated that ISI score was significantly correlated with PHQ-9, FoP, and CDBS scores, and C-DBS score was significantly correlated with ISI, PHQ-9, and FoP scores all, p < 0.01). The ISI and C-DBS scores were not significantly correlated with age and the STAI-State scale. Linear regression analysis revealed that C-DBS (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) and PHQ-9 scores (β = 0.30, p < 0.01) predicted ISI scores among all participants. Among participants who were not depressed (PHQ-9 score ≤ 9), C-DBS scores were the only predictor for ISI scores (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). ConclusionsaaDysfunctional beliefs about sleep in cancer patients were significantly associated with severity of insomnia, independent of depression. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):31-35","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42729897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Byun, Jeong-Su Kim, Y. Shin, K. Hwang, Y. Jung, W. Shin
Background and ObjectiveaaWe used the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) to compare the psychosomatic symptom profiles between periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients. MethodsaaTwenty consecutive drug-naïve RLS patients, 20 ageand sex-matched patients with PLMD and healthy controls were enrolled. Questionnaires evaluating sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Insomnia Severity Index), depression (Beck Depression Inventory II), and psychosomatic symptoms (SCL-90-R) were administered. Polysomnography was performed in the patients with PLMD or RLS. ResultsaaThe mean age of the subjects was 57.5 ± 10.9 years, and half of the subjects were male. Compared with the patients with RLS, the patients with PLMD exhibited a reduced total sleep time (276.6 ± 41.3 vs. 322.4 ± 42.9, p = 0.04) and a decreased proportion of REM sleep (12.5 ± 6.6 vs. 17.8 ± 7.8, p = 0.009). The patients with RLS exhibited higher SCL-90-R T-scores on the somatization (post hoc p < 0.001), obsessive-compulsive (post hoc p < 0.001), interpersonal sensitivity (post hoc p = 0.003), anxiety (post hoc p = 0.005), and psychoticism (post hoc p = 0.004) domains than the controls. Compared to the controls, the patients with PLMD exhibited higher SCL-90-R scores only in hostility (post hoc p = 0.016). Somatization in the RLS patients was significantly worse than that in the PLMD patients (post hoc p = 0.003). ConclusionsaaThe results of our study demonstrate that psychosomatic distress is greater in RLS patients and lesser in PLMD patients. Somatization was a distinguishing symptom between RLS and PLMD. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):25-30
{"title":"Difference in Psychological Distress between Patients with Periodic Limb Movement Disorder and Restless Legs Syndrome","authors":"J. Byun, Jeong-Su Kim, Y. Shin, K. Hwang, Y. Jung, W. Shin","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00339","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaWe used the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) to compare the psychosomatic symptom profiles between periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients. MethodsaaTwenty consecutive drug-naïve RLS patients, 20 ageand sex-matched patients with PLMD and healthy controls were enrolled. Questionnaires evaluating sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Insomnia Severity Index), depression (Beck Depression Inventory II), and psychosomatic symptoms (SCL-90-R) were administered. Polysomnography was performed in the patients with PLMD or RLS. ResultsaaThe mean age of the subjects was 57.5 ± 10.9 years, and half of the subjects were male. Compared with the patients with RLS, the patients with PLMD exhibited a reduced total sleep time (276.6 ± 41.3 vs. 322.4 ± 42.9, p = 0.04) and a decreased proportion of REM sleep (12.5 ± 6.6 vs. 17.8 ± 7.8, p = 0.009). The patients with RLS exhibited higher SCL-90-R T-scores on the somatization (post hoc p < 0.001), obsessive-compulsive (post hoc p < 0.001), interpersonal sensitivity (post hoc p = 0.003), anxiety (post hoc p = 0.005), and psychoticism (post hoc p = 0.004) domains than the controls. Compared to the controls, the patients with PLMD exhibited higher SCL-90-R scores only in hostility (post hoc p = 0.016). Somatization in the RLS patients was significantly worse than that in the PLMD patients (post hoc p = 0.003). ConclusionsaaThe results of our study demonstrate that psychosomatic distress is greater in RLS patients and lesser in PLMD patients. Somatization was a distinguishing symptom between RLS and PLMD. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):25-30","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46256550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation between Tonsil Shadow Area on Skull Lateral View and Tonsil Volume after Tonsillectomy","authors":"Ho Chan Kim, J. Park, Yoo-Sam Chung","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42657657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Akram, Asha Akram, M. Gardani, A. Ypsilanti, K. McCarty, S. Allen, L. Lazuras
Research exploring the relationship between mental health difficulties and insomnia amongst students in the UK remains limited. This study further examined the extent of potential relationships between insomnia, anxiety and depression symptoms amongst university students in the UK. A sample of 487 students from four northern universities completed The Insomnia Severity Index, SLEEP-50, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales. Approximately one fifth of students experienced mild to severe levels of depressive symptoms, and two thirds reported anxious symptoms. One quarter of students indicated insomnia symptoms in the clinical range, however the prevalence of sleep-disorders other than insomnia remained low ( < 5%). Finally, symptoms of insomnia and apnoea were significantly related to depression, after controlling for co-morbid anxiety. The current outcomes highlight the high prevalence of depressive and insomnia symptoms amongst university students in the UK. Considering the relationship between insomnia and depression, student- focused mental health services should explore the possibility of treating insomnia to circumvent depression.
{"title":"The Relationship between Depression and Insomnia Symptoms Amongst a Sample of UK University Students","authors":"U. Akram, Asha Akram, M. Gardani, A. Ypsilanti, K. McCarty, S. Allen, L. Lazuras","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00332","url":null,"abstract":"Research exploring the relationship between mental health difficulties and insomnia amongst students in the UK remains limited. This study further examined the extent of potential relationships between insomnia, anxiety and depression symptoms amongst university students in the UK. A sample of 487 students from four northern universities completed The Insomnia Severity Index, SLEEP-50, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales. Approximately one fifth of students experienced mild to severe levels of depressive symptoms, and two thirds reported anxious symptoms. One quarter of students indicated insomnia symptoms in the clinical range, however the prevalence of sleep-disorders other than insomnia remained low ( < 5%). Finally, symptoms of insomnia and apnoea were significantly related to depression, after controlling for co-morbid anxiety. The current outcomes highlight the high prevalence of depressive and insomnia symptoms amongst university students in the UK. Considering the relationship between insomnia and depression, student- focused mental health services should explore the possibility of treating insomnia to circumvent depression.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45440530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and ObjectiveaaA nightmare is an unpleasant dream that awakes individuals and causes anxiety, fear and despair which lead to impulsive behaviors such as night eating. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of depression and anxiety on the relationship between nightmare and night eating syndrome (NES). Both depression and anxiety are strongly relevant to a nightmare, which could increase night eating behaviors. MethodsaaParticipants of the study were 171 female undergraduate students (mean age 21.70 ± 1.76 years). All completed the following questionnaires: Disturbing Dream and Nightmare Severity Index, Night Eating Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index. resultsaaResults showed there was a significant correlation among nightmare severity and night eating, depression, anxiety and insomnia (p < 0.05). After controlling for insomnia, anxiety continued to partially mediate the relationship between nightmare severity and NES (n = 171, B = 0.033, 95% CI = 0.001, 0.107). However, depression was not significant. ConclusionsaaIn conclusion, anxiety but not depression may be an important treatment target in treating females who have both nightmares and night eating. Sleep Med res 2018;9(2):104-109
背景和目的噩梦是一种令人不快的梦，它会唤醒个人，引起焦虑、恐惧和绝望，从而导致冲动行为，如夜间进食。本研究的目的是探讨抑郁和焦虑对噩梦与夜食综合征（NES）关系的中介作用。抑郁和焦虑都与噩梦密切相关，噩梦可能会增加夜间进食行为。方法研究对象为171名女大学生（平均年龄21.70±1.76岁）。所有人都完成了以下问卷调查：扰梦噩梦严重程度指数、夜间饮食问卷、医院焦虑抑郁量表和失眠严重程度指数。结果梦魇严重程度与夜食、抑郁、焦虑、失眠之间存在显著相关性（p<0.05）。控制失眠后，焦虑继续部分介导梦魇严重程度和NES之间的关系（n=171，B=0.033，95%CI=0.00010.107）。结论焦虑而非抑郁可能是治疗同时做噩梦和夜食的女性的重要治疗靶点。Sleep Med res 2018；9（2）：104-109
{"title":"The Mediating Effect of Anxiety in the Relationship between Nightmares and Night Eating Syndrome in Female Undergraduate Students","authors":"Jiyun Lee, S. Suh","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2018.00290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2018.00290","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaA nightmare is an unpleasant dream that awakes individuals and causes anxiety, fear and despair which lead to impulsive behaviors such as night eating. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of depression and anxiety on the relationship between nightmare and night eating syndrome (NES). Both depression and anxiety are strongly relevant to a nightmare, which could increase night eating behaviors. MethodsaaParticipants of the study were 171 female undergraduate students (mean age 21.70 ± 1.76 years). All completed the following questionnaires: Disturbing Dream and Nightmare Severity Index, Night Eating Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index. resultsaaResults showed there was a significant correlation among nightmare severity and night eating, depression, anxiety and insomnia (p < 0.05). After controlling for insomnia, anxiety continued to partially mediate the relationship between nightmare severity and NES (n = 171, B = 0.033, 95% CI = 0.001, 0.107). However, depression was not significant. ConclusionsaaIn conclusion, anxiety but not depression may be an important treatment target in treating females who have both nightmares and night eating. Sleep Med res 2018;9(2):104-109","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49282916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. H. Hwang, I. Kim, Hyesook Lee, D. Park, Chan-Soon Park
Background and ObjectiveaaObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is considered to be closely related to systemic inflammation. Resistin levels have been demonstrated to be a measure of systemic inflammation. For children, salivary resistin (SR) sampling is an easy and pain-free method for sample collection and is optimal for multiple sampling. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate correlations among SR levels, objective polysomnography (PSG) parameters, and subjective sleep symptoms. MethodsaaFifty-six children who attended our clinic over 1 year were enrolled prospectively; these children underwent clinical evaluation, questionnaire studies, and PSG. SR was measured at 2 points: at night before PSG and in the early morning after PSG. resultsaaThe subjects (n = 56) were divided into the control [n = 23, apnea hypopnea index (AHI) < 1] and OSAS (n = 33, AHI ≥ 1) groups. SR levels after PSG in the OSAS and control groups were similarly higher than that before PSG. There was no significant difference in SR levels between the two groups and among the control and OSAS subgroups. SR levels in the OSAS subgroups were not related to AHI, tonsil size, AN (adenoid-nasopharyngeal) ratio, questionnaire results, lowest oxygen saturation, and oxygen desaturation index (ODI). ConclusionsaaSR levels had no significant correlation with AHI, scores of the Korean version of modified pediatric Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the lowest oxygen saturation, and ODI; SR levels exhibited diurnal variations regardless of the presence of OSAS. However, there is no consensus regarding the relationship between resistin levels and OSAS. Further studies should be pursued in the future. Sleep Med res 2018;9(2):77-82
背景与目的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）被认为与全身炎症密切相关。抵抗素水平已被证明是衡量全身炎症的指标。对于儿童来说，唾液抵抗素（SR）采样是一种简单、无痛的样本采集方法，是多次采样的最佳方法。因此，我们旨在评估SR水平、客观多导睡眠图（PSG）参数和主观睡眠症状之间的相关性。方法前瞻性地纳入56名在我们诊所就诊超过1年的儿童；这些儿童接受了临床评估、问卷调查和PSG。SR在两个点进行测量：巴黎圣日尔曼足球俱乐部之前的晚上和巴黎圣日曼足球俱乐部之后的凌晨。结果56例受试者分为对照组（n=23，AHI＜1）和OSAS组（n=33，AHI≥1）。OSAS组和对照组PSG后的SR水平同样高于PSG前。两组之间以及对照组和OSAS亚组之间的SR水平没有显著差异。OSAS亚组的SR水平与AHI、扁桃体大小、AN（腺样体-鼻咽）比率、问卷结果、最低血氧饱和度和氧去饱和指数（ODI）无关。结论saaSR水平与AHI、韩国版改良儿童Epworth嗜睡量表评分、最低血氧饱和度和ODI无显著相关性；无论OSAS的存在与否，SR水平都表现出昼夜变化。然而，对于抵抗素水平与OSAS之间的关系还没有达成共识。今后应进行进一步的研究。Sleep Med res 2018；9（2）：77-82
{"title":"Correlation of Salivary Resistin Levels with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Pediatric Subjects","authors":"J. H. Hwang, I. Kim, Hyesook Lee, D. Park, Chan-Soon Park","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2018.00269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2018.00269","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is considered to be closely related to systemic inflammation. Resistin levels have been demonstrated to be a measure of systemic inflammation. For children, salivary resistin (SR) sampling is an easy and pain-free method for sample collection and is optimal for multiple sampling. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate correlations among SR levels, objective polysomnography (PSG) parameters, and subjective sleep symptoms. MethodsaaFifty-six children who attended our clinic over 1 year were enrolled prospectively; these children underwent clinical evaluation, questionnaire studies, and PSG. SR was measured at 2 points: at night before PSG and in the early morning after PSG. resultsaaThe subjects (n = 56) were divided into the control [n = 23, apnea hypopnea index (AHI) < 1] and OSAS (n = 33, AHI ≥ 1) groups. SR levels after PSG in the OSAS and control groups were similarly higher than that before PSG. There was no significant difference in SR levels between the two groups and among the control and OSAS subgroups. SR levels in the OSAS subgroups were not related to AHI, tonsil size, AN (adenoid-nasopharyngeal) ratio, questionnaire results, lowest oxygen saturation, and oxygen desaturation index (ODI). ConclusionsaaSR levels had no significant correlation with AHI, scores of the Korean version of modified pediatric Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the lowest oxygen saturation, and ODI; SR levels exhibited diurnal variations regardless of the presence of OSAS. However, there is no consensus regarding the relationship between resistin levels and OSAS. Further studies should be pursued in the future. Sleep Med res 2018;9(2):77-82","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46022338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tae Joon Kim, J. Jun, Keuntae Kim, Tae-won Yang, Byeong-su Park, Jung-Ah Lim, J. Byun, J. Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, K. Jung
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is associated with dopaminergic dysfunction, and iron deficiency, manifesting as low ferritin. However, ferritin levels do not correlate well with demographic data. Based on the hypothesis that very low ferritin can accurately reflect clinical information, we herein described characteristics and treatment efficacy of RLS patients with ferritin levels under 15 ng/mL. We retrospectively reviewed 196 patients and collected clinical data. Twenty-one patients had ferritin levels under 15 ng/mL and were compared with those having ferritin levels over 15 ng/mL. The patients with very low ferritin levels were predominantly female, had earlier onset of symptoms, and showed a superior response to iron therapy. In conclusion, RLS patients with ferritin levels under 15 ng/mL showed distinct demographic features and treatment efficacy. Further studies on more patients with long-term follow-up are warranted to support this observation. Sleep Med Res 2018;9(2):118-123
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Efficacy of Iron Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome Patients\u0000 with Very Low Ferritin Levels","authors":"Tae Joon Kim, J. Jun, Keuntae Kim, Tae-won Yang, Byeong-su Park, Jung-Ah Lim, J. Byun, J. Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, K. Jung","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2018.00171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2018.00171","url":null,"abstract":"Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is associated with dopaminergic dysfunction, and iron deficiency, manifesting as low ferritin. However, ferritin levels do not correlate well with demographic data. Based on the hypothesis that very low ferritin can accurately reflect clinical information, we herein described characteristics and treatment efficacy of RLS patients with ferritin levels under 15 ng/mL. We retrospectively reviewed 196 patients and collected clinical data. Twenty-one patients had ferritin levels under 15 ng/mL and were compared with those having ferritin levels over 15 ng/mL. The patients with very low ferritin levels were predominantly female, had earlier onset of symptoms, and showed a superior response to iron therapy. In conclusion, RLS patients with ferritin levels under 15 ng/mL showed distinct demographic features and treatment efficacy. Further studies on more patients with long-term follow-up are warranted to support this observation. Sleep Med Res 2018;9(2):118-123","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44033043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Choi, J. Song, Tae-Won Kim, Sung-Min Kim, I. Cho, Seung-Chul Hong
Sleep paralysis is considered as a dissociated state during which rapid eye movement sleep related muscle atonia appears while a subject is fully awake. We present a 22-year-old man and a 19-yearold man diagnosed with narcolepsy who previously visited our clinic with phenomenon of sleep paralysis. When a patient is brought to the clinic with sleep paralysis, various physiologic and medical conditions such as stress, trauma, hereditary factors, physical health, sleep disorders and other psychiatric disorders are taken into consideration. Prevalence of sleep paralysis in narcolepsy patients is known to be 20–50%. Therefore, it is necessary that clinicians should carefully examine the presence or absence of narcoleptic symptoms when dealing with patients with sleep paralysis and should conduct the multiple sleep latency tests confirm the diagnosis of narcolepsy if necessary. Sleep Med Res 2018;9(2):128-130
{"title":"Two Cases of Narcoleptic patients with sleep paralysis as a Chief Complaint","authors":"Y. Choi, J. Song, Tae-Won Kim, Sung-Min Kim, I. Cho, Seung-Chul Hong","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2018.00311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2018.00311","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep paralysis is considered as a dissociated state during which rapid eye movement sleep related muscle atonia appears while a subject is fully awake. We present a 22-year-old man and a 19-yearold man diagnosed with narcolepsy who previously visited our clinic with phenomenon of sleep paralysis. When a patient is brought to the clinic with sleep paralysis, various physiologic and medical conditions such as stress, trauma, hereditary factors, physical health, sleep disorders and other psychiatric disorders are taken into consideration. Prevalence of sleep paralysis in narcolepsy patients is known to be 20–50%. Therefore, it is necessary that clinicians should carefully examine the presence or absence of narcoleptic symptoms when dealing with patients with sleep paralysis and should conduct the multiple sleep latency tests confirm the diagnosis of narcolepsy if necessary. Sleep Med Res 2018;9(2):128-130","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48741062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lifestyle Modification in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"J. Kim, H. J. Lim","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2018.00255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2018.00255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42753715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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