Esports is a booming global industry and has been officially included in the lead-up to the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo. Given that esports is a cognitive based activity, and sleep is well known to be critical for optimal cognitive functioning, our research group recently proposed that sleep might be an important determinant of esports performance. The focus of the current review was to expand our limited understanding regarding the role of sleep in esports by exploring risk factors for sub-optimal sleep and developing an associated intervention framework. More specifically, we aimed to 1) examine how gaming culture and game genre might negatively influence sleep behaviour, 2) describe a conceptual model to explain how sub-optimal sleep occurs in esports, and 3) outline sleep intervention considerations that specifically meet the needs of esports athletes. We conclude that gaming culture and game genre could both impact the sleep behaviour of esports athletes, via cognitive and behavioural mechanisms. Furthermore, adapting Spielman’s three-factor model to esports may provide a useful and easy to understand conceptualisation for sub-optimal sleep in esports. Last-ly, sleep interventions for traditional athletes can be suitably modified for esports but must be comprehensive and extend from a theoretically grounded conceptual model. Sleep Med Res 2019
{"title":"Risk Factors and Sleep Intervention Considerations in Esports: A Review and Practical Guide","authors":"D. Bonnar, Sangha Lee, M. Gradisar, S. Suh","doi":"10.17241/smr.2019.00479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2019.00479","url":null,"abstract":"Esports is a booming global industry and has been officially included in the lead-up to the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo. Given that esports is a cognitive based activity, and sleep is well known to be critical for optimal cognitive functioning, our research group recently proposed that sleep might be an important determinant of esports performance. The focus of the current review was to expand our limited understanding regarding the role of sleep in esports by exploring risk factors for sub-optimal sleep and developing an associated intervention framework. More specifically, we aimed to 1) examine how gaming culture and game genre might negatively influence sleep behaviour, 2) describe a conceptual model to explain how sub-optimal sleep occurs in esports, and 3) outline sleep intervention considerations that specifically meet the needs of esports athletes. We conclude that gaming culture and game genre could both impact the sleep behaviour of esports athletes, via cognitive and behavioural mechanisms. Furthermore, adapting Spielman’s three-factor model to esports may provide a useful and easy to understand conceptualisation for sub-optimal sleep in esports. Last-ly, sleep interventions for traditional athletes can be suitably modified for esports but must be comprehensive and extend from a theoretically grounded conceptual model. Sleep Med Res 2019","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46351902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Dorokhov, A. Taranov, A. M. Narbut, D. Sakharov, S. Gruzdeva, O. Tkachenko, G. N. Arsen’ev, Ilya S. Blochin, Arcady A. Putilov
Background and ObjectiveaaHuman brain appears to be able to absorb, detect, and respond to low-level extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMF). Controlled laboratory studies on human sleep under exposure to such fields are scarce. Only sleep-disturbing effects on nighttime sleep were reported for frequencies of 50/60 Hz, while lower frequencies (i.e., below 20 Hz) have not been tested. These frequencies overlap with the frequency range of the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal, and sleep researchers utilized the specific frequency patterns (1–15 Hz) for subdivision of the sleep-wake state continuum into wake and sleep stages. In particular, the deepest sleep stage (N3) is characterized by slow-wave EEG activity (1–4 Hz) and serves as an electrophysiological indicator of sleep restorative function. We examined the effects of exposure to a low-level ELF EMF on sleep architecture in afternoon naps. MethodsaaTen polysomnographic sleep characteristics obtained during two naps of 23 healthy volunteers, either with or without exposure to a 1 Hz/0.004 μT electromagnetic field, were compared. ResultsaaThe effect of the 1 Hz/0.004 μT electromagnetic field exposure on amount of stage N3 was not significant despite the overlap of this intervention frequency with the frequency of slow waves. However, the total duration of sleep was significantly increased due to a significant increase of amount of stage N2. Thus, the exposure to an extremely slow (1 Hz) electromagnetic field did not reveal any sleep-disturbing effects. Instead, total duration of sleep increased due to increase of N2 amount. ConclusionsaaA sleep-promoting action of exposure to the low-level 1 Hz electromagnetic field cannot be excluded. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(2):97-102
{"title":"Effects of Exposure to a Weak Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Daytime Sleep Architecture and Length","authors":"V. Dorokhov, A. Taranov, A. M. Narbut, D. Sakharov, S. Gruzdeva, O. Tkachenko, G. N. Arsen’ev, Ilya S. Blochin, Arcady A. Putilov","doi":"10.17241/smr.2019.00486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2019.00486","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaHuman brain appears to be able to absorb, detect, and respond to low-level extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMF). Controlled laboratory studies on human sleep under exposure to such fields are scarce. Only sleep-disturbing effects on nighttime sleep were reported for frequencies of 50/60 Hz, while lower frequencies (i.e., below 20 Hz) have not been tested. These frequencies overlap with the frequency range of the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal, and sleep researchers utilized the specific frequency patterns (1–15 Hz) for subdivision of the sleep-wake state continuum into wake and sleep stages. In particular, the deepest sleep stage (N3) is characterized by slow-wave EEG activity (1–4 Hz) and serves as an electrophysiological indicator of sleep restorative function. We examined the effects of exposure to a low-level ELF EMF on sleep architecture in afternoon naps. MethodsaaTen polysomnographic sleep characteristics obtained during two naps of 23 healthy volunteers, either with or without exposure to a 1 Hz/0.004 μT electromagnetic field, were compared. ResultsaaThe effect of the 1 Hz/0.004 μT electromagnetic field exposure on amount of stage N3 was not significant despite the overlap of this intervention frequency with the frequency of slow waves. However, the total duration of sleep was significantly increased due to a significant increase of amount of stage N2. Thus, the exposure to an extremely slow (1 Hz) electromagnetic field did not reveal any sleep-disturbing effects. Instead, total duration of sleep increased due to increase of N2 amount. ConclusionsaaA sleep-promoting action of exposure to the low-level 1 Hz electromagnetic field cannot be excluded. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(2):97-102","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47494514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scientific investigations in the past few decades have supported the important role of sleep in various domains of health. Sleep apnea is a highly prevalent yet underdiagnosed sleep disorder representing a valid cardiovascular risk factor, particularly for hypertension. While several studies have demonstrated the benefits of sleep apnea treatment on subclinical cardiovascular measures, there is a paucity of studies proving reduction of cardiovascular events and mortality. Sufficient and high-quality sleep is also important in the maintenance of cardiovascular health. Future investigations should focus on improving identification of patients at greatest risk of adverse cardiovascular s sequalae of sleep apnea and testing the therapeutic benefit of sleep apnea treatment in this vulnerable group.
{"title":"Sleep Apnea and Heart.","authors":"Younghoon Kwon, Jeongok Logan, Snigdha Pusalavidyasagar, Takatoshi Kasai, Crystal Sj Cheong, Chi-Hang Lee","doi":"10.17241/smr.2019.00493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2019.00493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scientific investigations in the past few decades have supported the important role of sleep in various domains of health. Sleep apnea is a highly prevalent yet underdiagnosed sleep disorder representing a valid cardiovascular risk factor, particularly for hypertension. While several studies have demonstrated the benefits of sleep apnea treatment on subclinical cardiovascular measures, there is a paucity of studies proving reduction of cardiovascular events and mortality. Sufficient and high-quality sleep is also important in the maintenance of cardiovascular health. Future investigations should focus on improving identification of patients at greatest risk of adverse cardiovascular s sequalae of sleep apnea and testing the therapeutic benefit of sleep apnea treatment in this vulnerable group.</p>","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":"10 2","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7375706/pdf/nihms-1552708.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38184392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and ObjectiveaaThe purpose of this study, was to investigate the effects of low-frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) on chronic insomnia. Treatment options in patients with chronic insomnia are limited to medications, and cognitive behavioral therapy. MethodsaaFifty-four chronic insomniacs received TENS with low-frequency, applied on trapeziums muscles for at least 30 minutes to 1 hour before sleeping, more than 5 days weekly, for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and quantitative electroencephalography at waking state, were obtained pre and post treatment. ResultsaaPoor sleep quality and insomnia severity decreased significantly, and relative delta power in the occipital region, also decreased after TENS. Overall treatment response rate was 57.5%, and predictive factors of treatment response were daytime sleepiness, as well as depressive and anxious mood. Relative delta power in occipital region of responders significantly decreased over time, while that of non-responders did not change This seemed to be associated with insomnia symptom improvement, and resulting daytime alertness. ConclusionsaaLow-frequency electrical stimulation, was modestly effective in chronic insomnia patients. Our results provide an alternative option of insomnia treatment, for future study. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):17-24
{"title":"Modest Effects of Low-frequency Electrical Stimulation on Patients with Chronic Insomnia in an Open Trial","authors":"Y. Bang, H. Jeon, I. Yoon","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00346","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaThe purpose of this study, was to investigate the effects of low-frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) on chronic insomnia. Treatment options in patients with chronic insomnia are limited to medications, and cognitive behavioral therapy. MethodsaaFifty-four chronic insomniacs received TENS with low-frequency, applied on trapeziums muscles for at least 30 minutes to 1 hour before sleeping, more than 5 days weekly, for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and quantitative electroencephalography at waking state, were obtained pre and post treatment. ResultsaaPoor sleep quality and insomnia severity decreased significantly, and relative delta power in the occipital region, also decreased after TENS. Overall treatment response rate was 57.5%, and predictive factors of treatment response were daytime sleepiness, as well as depressive and anxious mood. Relative delta power in occipital region of responders significantly decreased over time, while that of non-responders did not change This seemed to be associated with insomnia symptom improvement, and resulting daytime alertness. ConclusionsaaLow-frequency electrical stimulation, was modestly effective in chronic insomnia patients. Our results provide an alternative option of insomnia treatment, for future study. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):17-24","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46309437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Stavrou, E. Karetsi, Z. Daniil, I. Gourgoulianis
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise in patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and without continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP) treatment, in polysomnography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters. 41 years old man with T2DM underwent full overnight polysomnography (PSG) and 48 hours after PSG performed maximal CPET. Patient re-checked after 24 and 28 weeks. After the 24 weeks follow-up the patient underwent 4 weeks aerobic exercise. The results showed changes between baseline and after 4 week exercise in parameters of polysomnography study, blood test and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The findings of our study suggest that exercise can reduced the apnea-hypopnea index, improve the sleep quality and reduced the hemoglobin A1-c levels in patients with OSAS and without CPAP treatment. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):54-57
{"title":"Four Weeks Exercise in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment: A Case Report","authors":"V. Stavrou, E. Karetsi, Z. Daniil, I. Gourgoulianis","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00374","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise in patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and without continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP) treatment, in polysomnography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters. 41 years old man with T2DM underwent full overnight polysomnography (PSG) and 48 hours after PSG performed maximal CPET. Patient re-checked after 24 and 28 weeks. After the 24 weeks follow-up the patient underwent 4 weeks aerobic exercise. The results showed changes between baseline and after 4 week exercise in parameters of polysomnography study, blood test and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The findings of our study suggest that exercise can reduced the apnea-hypopnea index, improve the sleep quality and reduced the hemoglobin A1-c levels in patients with OSAS and without CPAP treatment. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):54-57","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46992597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical and Polysomnographic Characteristics of Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome","authors":"James Yang, Moonsook Lee","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00360","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49614322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Saeseow, Paiboon Chattakul, Sittichai Khamsai, P. Limpawattana, J. Chindaprasirt, V. Chotmongkol, S. Silaruks, V. Senthong, K. Sawanyawisuth
Background and ObjectiveaaObesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS), is a condition with high morbidity and mortality. Body Mass Index (BMI) of more than 30 kg/m2 is used, to diagnose OHS. As BMI for obesity for Thais is 25 kg/m2, BMI more than 25 kg/m2 is used in our institution, to diagnose OHS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if BMI of 25 kg/m2 is appropriate criterion for OHS in Thai patients. MethodsaaThis study was a retrospective study conducted at Khon Kaen University. Inclusion criteria were adult patients diagnosed with OHS in 2016. Patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), were randomly selected as control subjects. The ratio of OHS:OSA, was 1:4. Clinical factors associated with OHS were examined, using multivariate logistic regression analysis. ResultsaaDuring the study period, there were 25 OHS and 108 OSA patients. The OHS group had a significantly higher average BMI (48.9 kg/m2 vs. 29.2 kg/m2), than the OSA group. The OHS group also had higher proportions of patients with pulmonary hypertension (50% vs. 2%), and heart failure (76% vs. 6.5%). There were two independent predictors for OHS, including BMI and serum bicarbonate levels. Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for each of these factors was 1.08 (1.01, 1.17) and 1.96 (1.15, 3.34), respectively. Body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 and serum bicarbonate more than 25 mEq/L, yielded 100% sensitivity for OHS. ConclusionsaaAppropriate diagnostic criteria for OHS for the Thai population, may be different from those for populations in Western countries. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):13-16
{"title":"Predictors for Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome in Thai Population","authors":"S. Saeseow, Paiboon Chattakul, Sittichai Khamsai, P. Limpawattana, J. Chindaprasirt, V. Chotmongkol, S. Silaruks, V. Senthong, K. Sawanyawisuth","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00318","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaObesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS), is a condition with high morbidity and mortality. Body Mass Index (BMI) of more than 30 kg/m2 is used, to diagnose OHS. As BMI for obesity for Thais is 25 kg/m2, BMI more than 25 kg/m2 is used in our institution, to diagnose OHS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if BMI of 25 kg/m2 is appropriate criterion for OHS in Thai patients. MethodsaaThis study was a retrospective study conducted at Khon Kaen University. Inclusion criteria were adult patients diagnosed with OHS in 2016. Patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), were randomly selected as control subjects. The ratio of OHS:OSA, was 1:4. Clinical factors associated with OHS were examined, using multivariate logistic regression analysis. ResultsaaDuring the study period, there were 25 OHS and 108 OSA patients. The OHS group had a significantly higher average BMI (48.9 kg/m2 vs. 29.2 kg/m2), than the OSA group. The OHS group also had higher proportions of patients with pulmonary hypertension (50% vs. 2%), and heart failure (76% vs. 6.5%). There were two independent predictors for OHS, including BMI and serum bicarbonate levels. Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for each of these factors was 1.08 (1.01, 1.17) and 1.96 (1.15, 3.34), respectively. Body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 and serum bicarbonate more than 25 mEq/L, yielded 100% sensitivity for OHS. ConclusionsaaAppropriate diagnostic criteria for OHS for the Thai population, may be different from those for populations in Western countries. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):13-16","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47432793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hayeon Kim, Ji-hye Oh, Sung Min Kim, Y. Um, H. Seo, Jong-Hyun Jeong, Seung-Chul Hong, Tae-Won Kim
Background and ObjectiveaaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of delaying school start time on sleep quality, emotions, and performance in Korean adolescents. MethodsaaData were collected in two months and 12 months after delaying school time, each using self-administered questionnaires for 238 students at a middle school in Gyeonggi province. Questionnaires consisted of demographic data and various sleep and emotion related scales, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Students were divided into two groups, of increased or decreased total sleep time (TST). ResultsaaIn both groups, sleep duration, global PSQI score, and sleep efficiency significantly improved in 12 months, compared to two months’ data. There was significant improvement in depression, stress, behavioral aggression, and verbal aggression in the increased TST group. The increased TST group showed advancement in subjective feeling of happiness, and number of times students are late for school, between baseline and 12 months. The decreased TST group showed significant differences between baseline and 12 months in seven categories of subjective life quality/ emotions in school, including subjective feeling of happiness, concentrating in classes, and anger. ConclusionsaaAfter school start time was delayed, many adolescent’s TST relatively decreased on school nights. However, students whose TST increased, showed reduction in depression, stress, and behavioral/verbal aggression. Students whose TST decreased also reported reduced negative affect, and significant improvement in subjective emotions and school performance. Delaying school start time may be beneficial, in improving mental health and quality of life of students. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):1-7
{"title":"Effect of Delaying School Start Time on Sleep Quality, Emotions, and Performance in Korean Adolescents","authors":"Hayeon Kim, Ji-hye Oh, Sung Min Kim, Y. Um, H. Seo, Jong-Hyun Jeong, Seung-Chul Hong, Tae-Won Kim","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00353","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of delaying school start time on sleep quality, emotions, and performance in Korean adolescents. MethodsaaData were collected in two months and 12 months after delaying school time, each using self-administered questionnaires for 238 students at a middle school in Gyeonggi province. Questionnaires consisted of demographic data and various sleep and emotion related scales, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Students were divided into two groups, of increased or decreased total sleep time (TST). ResultsaaIn both groups, sleep duration, global PSQI score, and sleep efficiency significantly improved in 12 months, compared to two months’ data. There was significant improvement in depression, stress, behavioral aggression, and verbal aggression in the increased TST group. The increased TST group showed advancement in subjective feeling of happiness, and number of times students are late for school, between baseline and 12 months. The decreased TST group showed significant differences between baseline and 12 months in seven categories of subjective life quality/ emotions in school, including subjective feeling of happiness, concentrating in classes, and anger. ConclusionsaaAfter school start time was delayed, many adolescent’s TST relatively decreased on school nights. However, students whose TST increased, showed reduction in depression, stress, and behavioral/verbal aggression. Students whose TST decreased also reported reduced negative affect, and significant improvement in subjective emotions and school performance. Delaying school start time may be beneficial, in improving mental health and quality of life of students. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):1-7","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48610974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joohee Lee, S. Youn, Changnam Kim, S. Yeo, Seockhoon Chung
Background and ObjectiveaaDepression and insomnia are highly prevalent and important distressing symptoms in breast cancer patients. And also, strategies to assist with cognitive emotions are important to help them cope with the stress of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep disturbance and these coping strategies on depressive symptoms in breast cancer patients. MethodsaaWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 119 breast cancer patients. Psychiatric assessments were done using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), state subcategory of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). ResultsaaSignificant differences in the ISI, C-DBS, FoP, and in the regulation strategies of CERQ, were observed between depressed (PHQ-9 ≥ 10, n = 60) and non-depressed patient groups (PHQ-9 < 10, n = 59, p < 0.05). The PHQ-9 score correlated with the ISI, C-DBS, and FoP scores. All maladaptive strategies except blaming others were positively, and most adaptive strategies other than a refocus on planning were negatively correlated with PHQ-9 score (p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that breast cancer patient depression was predicted by high ISI score, high FoP score, and lower acceptance and higher catastrophizing item scores. ConclusionsaaCancer patient depression is associated with insomnia and the cognitive emotion regulation strategies used during their care. Discussions with these patients regarding coping strategies and sleep better will help to improve depressive symptoms. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):36-42
背景与目的抑郁和失眠是乳腺癌患者普遍存在的重要困扰症状。此外，帮助认知情绪的策略对帮助他们应对疾病的压力也很重要。本研究旨在探讨睡眠障碍及其应对策略对乳腺癌患者抑郁症状的影响。方法回顾性分析119例乳腺癌患者的临床资料。采用患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)、失眠严重程度指数(ISI)、状态与特质焦虑量表(STAI-S)、癌症相关睡眠功能障碍信念(C-DBS)、进展恐惧(FoP)和认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ)进行精神病学评估。结果抑郁组(PHQ-9≥10,n = 60)与非抑郁组(PHQ-9 < 10, n = 59, p < 0.05)在ISI、C-DBS、FoP及CERQ调控策略上均存在显著差异。PHQ-9得分与ISI、C-DBS和FoP得分相关。除责备他人外，所有适应不良策略与PHQ-9得分呈正相关，除重新关注计划外，大多数适应不良策略与PHQ-9得分呈负相关(p < 0.01)。线性回归分析显示，高ISI评分、高FoP评分、低接受性和高灾难化项目评分对乳腺癌患者抑郁有预测作用。结论癌症患者抑郁与失眠及护理过程中的认知情绪调节策略有关。与这些患者讨论应对策略和改善睡眠将有助于改善抑郁症状。睡眠医学杂志，2019;10(1):36-42
{"title":"The Influence of Sleep Disturbance and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on Depressive Symptoms in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"Joohee Lee, S. Youn, Changnam Kim, S. Yeo, Seockhoon Chung","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00388","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaDepression and insomnia are highly prevalent and important distressing symptoms in breast cancer patients. And also, strategies to assist with cognitive emotions are important to help them cope with the stress of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep disturbance and these coping strategies on depressive symptoms in breast cancer patients. MethodsaaWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 119 breast cancer patients. Psychiatric assessments were done using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), state subcategory of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). ResultsaaSignificant differences in the ISI, C-DBS, FoP, and in the regulation strategies of CERQ, were observed between depressed (PHQ-9 ≥ 10, n = 60) and non-depressed patient groups (PHQ-9 < 10, n = 59, p < 0.05). The PHQ-9 score correlated with the ISI, C-DBS, and FoP scores. All maladaptive strategies except blaming others were positively, and most adaptive strategies other than a refocus on planning were negatively correlated with PHQ-9 score (p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that breast cancer patient depression was predicted by high ISI score, high FoP score, and lower acceptance and higher catastrophizing item scores. ConclusionsaaCancer patient depression is associated with insomnia and the cognitive emotion regulation strategies used during their care. Discussions with these patients regarding coping strategies and sleep better will help to improve depressive symptoms. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):36-42","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42602637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yeo, K. Yi, Changnam Kim, Joohee Lee, S. Youn, S. Suh, Seockhoon Chung
Background and ObjectiveaaDepression is one of the major causes of insomnia among cancer patients, and should be explored among cancer patients who are suffering from insomnia. The objective of this study was to explore whether dysfunctional beliefs about sleep among cancer patients were associated with insomnia independent of depression. MethodsaaMedical records of patients who visited Asan Medical Center sleep clinic for cancer were reviewed retrospectively from January to November of 2017. The data included the patient’s psychiatric symptoms and assessment of sleep disorders Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient’s Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS) and a clinical interview. ResultsaaResults indicated that ISI score was significantly correlated with PHQ-9, FoP, and CDBS scores, and C-DBS score was significantly correlated with ISI, PHQ-9, and FoP scores all, p < 0.01). The ISI and C-DBS scores were not significantly correlated with age and the STAI-State scale. Linear regression analysis revealed that C-DBS (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) and PHQ-9 scores (β = 0.30, p < 0.01) predicted ISI scores among all participants. Among participants who were not depressed (PHQ-9 score ≤ 9), C-DBS scores were the only predictor for ISI scores (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). ConclusionsaaDysfunctional beliefs about sleep in cancer patients were significantly associated with severity of insomnia, independent of depression. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):31-35
背景与目的抑郁症是癌症患者失眠的主要原因之一，应在癌症患者失眠中进行探讨。本研究的目的是探讨癌症患者对睡眠的不正常信念是否与独立于抑郁的失眠有关。方法回顾性分析2017年1 - 11月峨山医院睡眠门诊癌症患者的医疗记录。数据包括患者的精神症状和睡眠障碍评估:失眠严重指数(ISI)、患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)、状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)、进展恐惧(FoP)、癌症相关的睡眠功能失调信念(C-DBS)和临床访谈。结果ISI评分与PHQ-9、FoP、CDBS评分显著相关，C-DBS评分与ISI、PHQ-9、FoP评分均显著相关(p < 0.01)。ISI和C-DBS评分与年龄和STAI-State量表无显著相关。线性回归分析显示，C-DBS (β = 0.40, p < 0.001)和PHQ-9评分(β = 0.30, p < 0.01)预测了所有被试的ISI得分。在无抑郁(PHQ-9评分≤9)的受试者中，C-DBS评分是ISI评分的唯一预测因子(β = 0.46, p < 0.001)。结论癌症患者睡眠功能障碍与失眠严重程度相关，与抑郁无关。睡眠医学杂志，2019;10(1):31-35
{"title":"Cancer-Related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep May Influence Insomnia of Cancer Patients Regardless of Depressive Symptoms","authors":"S. Yeo, K. Yi, Changnam Kim, Joohee Lee, S. Youn, S. Suh, Seockhoon Chung","doi":"10.17241/SMR.2019.00402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/SMR.2019.00402","url":null,"abstract":"Background and ObjectiveaaDepression is one of the major causes of insomnia among cancer patients, and should be explored among cancer patients who are suffering from insomnia. The objective of this study was to explore whether dysfunctional beliefs about sleep among cancer patients were associated with insomnia independent of depression. MethodsaaMedical records of patients who visited Asan Medical Center sleep clinic for cancer were reviewed retrospectively from January to November of 2017. The data included the patient’s psychiatric symptoms and assessment of sleep disorders Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient’s Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Fear of Progression (FoP), and Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep (C-DBS) and a clinical interview. ResultsaaResults indicated that ISI score was significantly correlated with PHQ-9, FoP, and CDBS scores, and C-DBS score was significantly correlated with ISI, PHQ-9, and FoP scores all, p < 0.01). The ISI and C-DBS scores were not significantly correlated with age and the STAI-State scale. Linear regression analysis revealed that C-DBS (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) and PHQ-9 scores (β = 0.30, p < 0.01) predicted ISI scores among all participants. Among participants who were not depressed (PHQ-9 score ≤ 9), C-DBS scores were the only predictor for ISI scores (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). ConclusionsaaDysfunctional beliefs about sleep in cancer patients were significantly associated with severity of insomnia, independent of depression. Sleep Med Res 2019;10(1):31-35","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42729897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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