Background and Objective Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have varied and non-specific clinical presentations that can severely affect their sleep quality and functional outcomes. This study aimed to describe the symptoms of OSA, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, and sleep quality, and to identify clinical factors associated with poor functional outcomes in OSA patients residing in southeastern Mexico.Methods This is cross-sectional, descriptive study, based on adult patients referred for respiratory polygraphy due to suspected OSA. The functional outcomes sleep questionnaire, Epworth sleepiness scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, insomnia severity index, Beck depression inventory, and nasal obstruction symptom evaluation were administrated to all participants. Association, correlation, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for these instruments using the functional outcomes sleep questionnaire score < 89.5 points as the dependent variable.Results A total of 199 patients with apnea-hypopnea index > 5 h-1 were included. Most were highly symptomatic. Functional outcomes were not associated with the apnea-hypopnea index but were inversely associated with sleepiness, depression, sleep quality and insomnia, regardless of OSA severity. Excessive daytime sleepiness and depression were risk factors for poor functional outcomes (odds ratio [OR]: 7.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.5–16.2; p < 0.001 and OR: 4.5; 95% CI: 2–9.6; p < 0.001, respectively).Conclusions Depression and excessive daytime sleepiness are risk factors for impaired functional outcomes in Mexican patients with OSA.
{"title":"Functional Outcomes in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Residing in Southeastern Mexico","authors":"José Luis Che-Morales, J. Carrillo-Alduenda","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01473","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have varied and non-specific clinical presentations that can severely affect their sleep quality and functional outcomes. This study aimed to describe the symptoms of OSA, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, and sleep quality, and to identify clinical factors associated with poor functional outcomes in OSA patients residing in southeastern Mexico.Methods This is cross-sectional, descriptive study, based on adult patients referred for respiratory polygraphy due to suspected OSA. The functional outcomes sleep questionnaire, Epworth sleepiness scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, insomnia severity index, Beck depression inventory, and nasal obstruction symptom evaluation were administrated to all participants. Association, correlation, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for these instruments using the functional outcomes sleep questionnaire score < 89.5 points as the dependent variable.Results A total of 199 patients with apnea-hypopnea index > 5 h-1 were included. Most were highly symptomatic. Functional outcomes were not associated with the apnea-hypopnea index but were inversely associated with sleepiness, depression, sleep quality and insomnia, regardless of OSA severity. Excessive daytime sleepiness and depression were risk factors for poor functional outcomes (odds ratio [OR]: 7.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.5–16.2; p < 0.001 and OR: 4.5; 95% CI: 2–9.6; p < 0.001, respectively).Conclusions Depression and excessive daytime sleepiness are risk factors for impaired functional outcomes in Mexican patients with OSA.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48581034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Su Kim, Jae-Yoon Kang, Soo-Kyoung Park, Yong Min Kim
Background and Objective Among patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea, there is a group with surprisingly high adherence (≥ 90%) to automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) treatment. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of these patients.Methods Medical records of 4757 patients, who received APAP prescriptions between July 2018 and December 2019, were reviewed retrospectively. After the exclusion of patients not meeting the study criteria, a total of 103 patients were included in the study, and patients were divided into a very good adherence (VGA; adherence ≥ 90%) group and a poor adherence (PA; adherence < 70%) group, based on nine months of APAP adherence. Patient demographics, medical history, body mass index, and pretreatment polysomnography (PSG) results, as well as APAP therapy adherence-related variables (percentage of total days of APAP usage, and the mean time of APAP usage), the 90th percentile pressure (P90), residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the type of devices or company managers were compared between the two groups.Results Median age was significantly higher in the VGA group than in the PA group (p = 0.032). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) also differed significantly (p = 0.017) between the two groups. There were significant differences in the total sleep time (p = 0.003): 309.04 ± 64.96 min in the VGA group and 345.47 ± 53.06 min in the PA group. Patient sleep efficiency was observed and differed significantly (p = 0.003) 74.46 ± 13.73% in the VGA group and 82.09 ± 10.82% in the PA group. Other parameters, such as a pretreatment PSG and sleep-related questionnaires, did not show significant differences between the two groups. The device-related data at 1, 3, and 9 months were similar, and there were significant differences in the mean usage time (p < 0.001) and the number of days on which the device was used for more than 4 hours a day (p < 0.001) between the two groups. However, the two groups had no significant differences in mean pressure, residual AHI, and the P90.Conclusions The total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and BDI were the main determinants of adherence in patients in the VGA group. To find additional factors which affect adherence, further studies will be needed.
{"title":"Characteristics of Patients With More Than 90% Adherence to Automatic Positive Airway Pressure","authors":"Min Su Kim, Jae-Yoon Kang, Soo-Kyoung Park, Yong Min Kim","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01333","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective Among patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea, there is a group with surprisingly high adherence (≥ 90%) to automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) treatment. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of these patients.Methods Medical records of 4757 patients, who received APAP prescriptions between July 2018 and December 2019, were reviewed retrospectively. After the exclusion of patients not meeting the study criteria, a total of 103 patients were included in the study, and patients were divided into a very good adherence (VGA; adherence ≥ 90%) group and a poor adherence (PA; adherence < 70%) group, based on nine months of APAP adherence. Patient demographics, medical history, body mass index, and pretreatment polysomnography (PSG) results, as well as APAP therapy adherence-related variables (percentage of total days of APAP usage, and the mean time of APAP usage), the 90th percentile pressure (P90), residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the type of devices or company managers were compared between the two groups.Results Median age was significantly higher in the VGA group than in the PA group (p = 0.032). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) also differed significantly (p = 0.017) between the two groups. There were significant differences in the total sleep time (p = 0.003): 309.04 ± 64.96 min in the VGA group and 345.47 ± 53.06 min in the PA group. Patient sleep efficiency was observed and differed significantly (p = 0.003) 74.46 ± 13.73% in the VGA group and 82.09 ± 10.82% in the PA group. Other parameters, such as a pretreatment PSG and sleep-related questionnaires, did not show significant differences between the two groups. The device-related data at 1, 3, and 9 months were similar, and there were significant differences in the mean usage time (p < 0.001) and the number of days on which the device was used for more than 4 hours a day (p < 0.001) between the two groups. However, the two groups had no significant differences in mean pressure, residual AHI, and the P90.Conclusions The total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and BDI were the main determinants of adherence in patients in the VGA group. To find additional factors which affect adherence, further studies will be needed.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42689086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongin Lee, Issa Kamaleddine, Inn-Kyu Cho, Oli Ahmed, E. Cho
Background and Objective We tested the psychometric properties of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) scale among healthcare workers who experienced patients’ deaths.Methods From June 2nd to 10th, 2022, an anonymous, online survey was administered to medical doctors and nursing professionals who witnessed the deaths of patients they cared for during the last two years. Participants demographic characteristics and responses to the SAVE-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were collected.Results A total of 267 responses were collected in this survey. The two-factor model of the SAVE-9 fits well among healthcare workers who witnessed patients’ death (CFI = 1.000, GFI = 0.996, RMSEA = 0.000, RSMR = 0.040). The SAVE-9 scale showed good reliability of internal consistency and convergent validity with the GAD-7 (r = 0.429, p = 0.001), PHQ-9 score (r = 0.414, p = 0.001), and ISI (r = 0.368, p = 0.001).Conclusions We observed that the SAVE-9 and its two subscales were valid and reliable tools for measuring work-related stress and viral anxiety among healthcare workers who witnessed the death of their patients.
{"title":"Validation of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) Scale and Relationship With Insomnia or Depression Among Healthcare Workers Who Witnessed Patient’s Death in COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Dongin Lee, Issa Kamaleddine, Inn-Kyu Cho, Oli Ahmed, E. Cho","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01501","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective We tested the psychometric properties of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) scale among healthcare workers who experienced patients’ deaths.Methods From June 2nd to 10th, 2022, an anonymous, online survey was administered to medical doctors and nursing professionals who witnessed the deaths of patients they cared for during the last two years. Participants demographic characteristics and responses to the SAVE-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were collected.Results A total of 267 responses were collected in this survey. The two-factor model of the SAVE-9 fits well among healthcare workers who witnessed patients’ death (CFI = 1.000, GFI = 0.996, RMSEA = 0.000, RSMR = 0.040). The SAVE-9 scale showed good reliability of internal consistency and convergent validity with the GAD-7 (r = 0.429, p = 0.001), PHQ-9 score (r = 0.414, p = 0.001), and ISI (r = 0.368, p = 0.001).Conclusions We observed that the SAVE-9 and its two subscales were valid and reliable tools for measuring work-related stress and viral anxiety among healthcare workers who witnessed the death of their patients.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42091354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective Pupillary light reflex (PLR) abnormalities have been reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies have been conducted on the abnormality of PLR in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), which is a prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathy. We herein quantitatively analyzed the PLR of iRBD using an automated pupillometer, and compared the results with those of PD.Methods In this cross-sectional study, we prospectively enrolled 27 patients with polysomnography-confirmed iRBD, and 23 patients with PD. Pupillometry was performed three times in each eye, alternating left and right. We compared seven pupillometric parameters between the iRBD and PD patients.Results Maximum and minimum pupil diameters were significantly larger in PD patients than in iRBD patients. However, the other pupillometric parameters, such as mean constriction velocity, maximum constriction velocity, reflex amplitude, latency, and mean dilation velocity, did not differ between the two groups. Among iRBD patients, the pupillometric parameters were not correlated with any clinical characteristics related to autonomic dysfunction or neurodegeneration.Conclusions We found that the pupillary constriction and dilation in response to light of iRBD were not different from those of PD. These findings suggest that autonomic pupillary dysfunction already existed in the prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathy to a degree comparable to that in PD. Larger pupil diameters in PD than in iRBD may reflect the pharmacological effect of dopaminergic medications. Future studies are needed to elucidate the association between the PLR abnormalities and the risk of phenoconversion in iRBD.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Pupillometry in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"J. Sunwoo, Han-Joon Kim, K. Jung","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01487","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective Pupillary light reflex (PLR) abnormalities have been reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies have been conducted on the abnormality of PLR in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), which is a prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathy. We herein quantitatively analyzed the PLR of iRBD using an automated pupillometer, and compared the results with those of PD.Methods In this cross-sectional study, we prospectively enrolled 27 patients with polysomnography-confirmed iRBD, and 23 patients with PD. Pupillometry was performed three times in each eye, alternating left and right. We compared seven pupillometric parameters between the iRBD and PD patients.Results Maximum and minimum pupil diameters were significantly larger in PD patients than in iRBD patients. However, the other pupillometric parameters, such as mean constriction velocity, maximum constriction velocity, reflex amplitude, latency, and mean dilation velocity, did not differ between the two groups. Among iRBD patients, the pupillometric parameters were not correlated with any clinical characteristics related to autonomic dysfunction or neurodegeneration.Conclusions We found that the pupillary constriction and dilation in response to light of iRBD were not different from those of PD. These findings suggest that autonomic pupillary dysfunction already existed in the prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathy to a degree comparable to that in PD. Larger pupil diameters in PD than in iRBD may reflect the pharmacological effect of dopaminergic medications. Future studies are needed to elucidate the association between the PLR abnormalities and the risk of phenoconversion in iRBD.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46756288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Soleimannejad, Mahyar Mirzazadeh, Nima Radmanesh
Background and Objective The role of night sleep in learning and consolidating memory has been mentioned and researched in many studies. Different tools have been used to determine the effect of sleep. However, this kind of research in the Iranian population is limited. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the role of sleep in immediate and late learning of new words of second language in a number of English language learners.Methods Forty Persian males aged 18–35 years old participated in our study in two groups. The first group completed learning steps at 8–10 AM and repeated the test after 12 hours. The second group performed the initial stages of learning at 8–10 PM and repeated the test next morning. Everyone completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Persian version for evaluating their sleep habits during last month and the effect of their sleep habits on achieved task scores.Results Comparison of the number of recalled words (NRW) between the two groups showed a significant difference (p-value < 0.001) with better performance in night group. The NRW during the second stage was positively influenced by better subjective sleep quality, lower sleep latency, higher sleep efficiency, and more sleep duration significantly (p-value < 0.05). There was no significant relationship of NRW with sleep disorders, sleep medications, or daytime dysfunction.Conclusions Adequate night sleep could improve late learning of second language in our research subjects. Sleep quality, latency in falling asleep, and subjective sleep quality might play a role in this learning process.
{"title":"Positive Effects of Sleep on Memory Consolidation and Learning New English Words in Persian Language Speakers","authors":"Maryam Soleimannejad, Mahyar Mirzazadeh, Nima Radmanesh","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01375","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective The role of night sleep in learning and consolidating memory has been mentioned and researched in many studies. Different tools have been used to determine the effect of sleep. However, this kind of research in the Iranian population is limited. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the role of sleep in immediate and late learning of new words of second language in a number of English language learners.Methods Forty Persian males aged 18–35 years old participated in our study in two groups. The first group completed learning steps at 8–10 AM and repeated the test after 12 hours. The second group performed the initial stages of learning at 8–10 PM and repeated the test next morning. Everyone completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Persian version for evaluating their sleep habits during last month and the effect of their sleep habits on achieved task scores.Results Comparison of the number of recalled words (NRW) between the two groups showed a significant difference (p-value < 0.001) with better performance in night group. The NRW during the second stage was positively influenced by better subjective sleep quality, lower sleep latency, higher sleep efficiency, and more sleep duration significantly (p-value < 0.05). There was no significant relationship of NRW with sleep disorders, sleep medications, or daytime dysfunction.Conclusions Adequate night sleep could improve late learning of second language in our research subjects. Sleep quality, latency in falling asleep, and subjective sleep quality might play a role in this learning process.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44960348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over 2 years have passed since the COVID-19 outbreak, and perceptions of coronavirus and lifestyles have changed. The purpose of this study was to review how sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, commonly known as ‘COVID-somnia,’ are interpreted. In a systematic review of cross-sectional studies, the prevalence rate of COVID-somnia has been reported to be 35.7% for people with insomniac symptoms. However, the prevalence of insomnia symptoms did not significantly increase in longitudinal studies. It has also been reported that 50% of individuals with COVID-somnia improved after 5 months. Thus, COVID-insomnia is probably a mixed concept, consisting of conventional chronic insomnia and temporary insomnia. It is possible that most cases are illusory and only a few people actually are going to suffer from an insomnia disorder. For the chronic insomnia, cognitive behavioral therapy is effective. Temporary insomnia is likely to decrease with accurate knowledge of the coronavirus and effective infection control strategies. In the future, it is necessary not only to examine the prevalence of insomniacs during COVID-19, but also to examine the proportion of insomniacs with high anxiety about infection and its impact on daily functioning.
{"title":"Is COVID-Somnia Fact or Fiction?","authors":"I. Okajima","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01466","url":null,"abstract":"Over 2 years have passed since the COVID-19 outbreak, and perceptions of coronavirus and lifestyles have changed. The purpose of this study was to review how sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, commonly known as ‘COVID-somnia,’ are interpreted. In a systematic review of cross-sectional studies, the prevalence rate of COVID-somnia has been reported to be 35.7% for people with insomniac symptoms. However, the prevalence of insomnia symptoms did not significantly increase in longitudinal studies. It has also been reported that 50% of individuals with COVID-somnia improved after 5 months. Thus, COVID-insomnia is probably a mixed concept, consisting of conventional chronic insomnia and temporary insomnia. It is possible that most cases are illusory and only a few people actually are going to suffer from an insomnia disorder. For the chronic insomnia, cognitive behavioral therapy is effective. Temporary insomnia is likely to decrease with accurate knowledge of the coronavirus and effective infection control strategies. In the future, it is necessary not only to examine the prevalence of insomniacs during COVID-19, but also to examine the proportion of insomniacs with high anxiety about infection and its impact on daily functioning.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44994388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The link between sleep and cognition is well-established, but the link between subjective sleep and fluid intelligence is poorly understood. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between habitual subjective sleep continuity and fluid intelligence. In this study, a total of 56 healthy sleepers (Mage = 30.91 years; SDage = 12.93 years) completed two fluid intelligence (abstract reasoning and two-dimensional mental rotation) tasks after completing seven consecutive days of sleep diaries. Relationships between subjective sleep continuity (total sleep time [TST]; sleep efficiency [SE%]); wake after sleep onset (WASO) and sleep onset latency (SOL), and task accuracy and speed were assessed using Pearson correlations. Overall, there were no associations between subjective sleep continuity (TST, SE%, WASO, SOL) and either task accuracy or speed (adjusted p-values > 0.0125). Overall, habitual subjective sleep continuity and fluid intelligence may not be associated. These results should be replicated in larger samples.
{"title":"Habitual Subjective Sleep Continuity is Not Associated With Fluid Intelligence: An Exploratory Study","authors":"Emily L. Jensen, N. Santhi, G. Elder","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01522","url":null,"abstract":"The link between sleep and cognition is well-established, but the link between subjective sleep and fluid intelligence is poorly understood. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between habitual subjective sleep continuity and fluid intelligence. In this study, a total of 56 healthy sleepers (Mage = 30.91 years; SDage = 12.93 years) completed two fluid intelligence (abstract reasoning and two-dimensional mental rotation) tasks after completing seven consecutive days of sleep diaries. Relationships between subjective sleep continuity (total sleep time [TST]; sleep efficiency [SE%]); wake after sleep onset (WASO) and sleep onset latency (SOL), and task accuracy and speed were assessed using Pearson correlations. Overall, there were no associations between subjective sleep continuity (TST, SE%, WASO, SOL) and either task accuracy or speed (adjusted p-values > 0.0125). Overall, habitual subjective sleep continuity and fluid intelligence may not be associated. These results should be replicated in larger samples.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46515914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is characterized by a sudden loud noise or sense of explosion in the head at the wake-sleep transition or upon waking during the night. In many cases, its symptoms tend to disappear spontaneously without requiring treatment. Some studies have suggested an association between EHS and obstructive sleep apnea. Here I present an elderly man having an intermittent sense of lightning with a little sound in his head during sleep. Polysomnographic evaluation revealed hypopnea preceding his habitual symptom. EHS symptoms decreased by positional therapy with weight reduction. They nearly disappeared after auto-adjusting positive airway pressure therapy.
{"title":"Exploding Head Syndrome Associated With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"K. Ji","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01382","url":null,"abstract":"Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is characterized by a sudden loud noise or sense of explosion in the head at the wake-sleep transition or upon waking during the night. In many cases, its symptoms tend to disappear spontaneously without requiring treatment. Some studies have suggested an association between EHS and obstructive sleep apnea. Here I present an elderly man having an intermittent sense of lightning with a little sound in his head during sleep. Polysomnographic evaluation revealed hypopnea preceding his habitual symptom. EHS symptoms decreased by positional therapy with weight reduction. They nearly disappeared after auto-adjusting positive airway pressure therapy.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67445025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong-Shik Chun, Sung-Min Kim, Tae-Won Kim, Y. Um, Jong-Hyun Jeong, H. Seo, Seung-Chul Hong
Background and Objective Several studies have raised questions about determining the diagnosis of the narcolepsy using multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). In this study, we investigated the diagnostic change in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) using MSLT with long-term interval.Methods In this retrospective study, the demographic characteristics, polysomnography (PSG), and MSLT parameters were compared at the baseline between the NT1 and NT 2 patients. Then, MSLT re-tests were conducted with a mean follow-up of 8.48 years in patients with NT 1 and 7.05 years with NT 2.Results Seventy-four patients (58 with NT1 and 16 with NT2) were investigated in this study. At the baseline, demographic data showed a larger body mass index value, more sleep paralysis, and hypnogogic hallucination in NT 1 compared to NT 2. Also, at baseline MSLT, shorter mean sleep latency and higher number of sleep onset rapid eye movement periods (SOREMPs) were observed in the NT 1 than those of the NT 2. On follow-up MSLT, 6.9% (n = 4) patients with NT1 and 50% (n = 8) patients with NT2 did not satisfy the previous diagnosis. Furthermore, in all the groups who had the change in repeated-MSLT, the groups with less than 2 SOREMPs observed to be accompanied by negative MSL at follow-up.Conclusions The result of MSLT was observed not to be stable in the diagnosis of NT 2 at the study. Therefore, it is recommended to repeat MSLT at regular intervals and do a prospective multi-site survey for the accurate confirmation of a diagnosis of central hypersomnia.
{"title":"Different Course of Narcolepsy Diagnosed by Multiple Sleep Latency Test: A Single Center Experience","authors":"Hong-Shik Chun, Sung-Min Kim, Tae-Won Kim, Y. Um, Jong-Hyun Jeong, H. Seo, Seung-Chul Hong","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01529","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective Several studies have raised questions about determining the diagnosis of the narcolepsy using multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). In this study, we investigated the diagnostic change in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) using MSLT with long-term interval.Methods In this retrospective study, the demographic characteristics, polysomnography (PSG), and MSLT parameters were compared at the baseline between the NT1 and NT 2 patients. Then, MSLT re-tests were conducted with a mean follow-up of 8.48 years in patients with NT 1 and 7.05 years with NT 2.Results Seventy-four patients (58 with NT1 and 16 with NT2) were investigated in this study. At the baseline, demographic data showed a larger body mass index value, more sleep paralysis, and hypnogogic hallucination in NT 1 compared to NT 2. Also, at baseline MSLT, shorter mean sleep latency and higher number of sleep onset rapid eye movement periods (SOREMPs) were observed in the NT 1 than those of the NT 2. On follow-up MSLT, 6.9% (n = 4) patients with NT1 and 50% (n = 8) patients with NT2 did not satisfy the previous diagnosis. Furthermore, in all the groups who had the change in repeated-MSLT, the groups with less than 2 SOREMPs observed to be accompanied by negative MSL at follow-up.Conclusions The result of MSLT was observed not to be stable in the diagnosis of NT 2 at the study. Therefore, it is recommended to repeat MSLT at regular intervals and do a prospective multi-site survey for the accurate confirmation of a diagnosis of central hypersomnia.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41573686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young Bin Yun, W. Bae, Sangjun Kim, Young Gun Kim, Sang Hoo Park
Background and Objective To investigate the usefulness of ApneaLinkTM as a screening test for obstructive sleep apnea by analyzing the correlation between ApneaLinkTM and polysomnography (PSG).Methods From January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020, patients who visited the sleep clinic with snoring, sleep apnea, and excessive daytime sleepiness at the otolaryngology department of this hospital were subjected to both standard sleep PSG and ApneaLinkTM. Correlations of Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) in standard PSG with AHI and Risk Indicator (RI) in ApneaLinkTM were investigated. To determine the usefulness of ApneaLinkTM as a screening test for patients with moderate or severe sleep apnea, cut-off values of AHI and RI of ApneaLinkTM were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results The correlation coefficient between AHI in PSG and AHI or RI in ApneaLinkTM was both 0.647, showing a high positive correlation. The correlation coefficient between RDI in PSG and AHI or RI in ApneaLinkTM was both 0.637, showing a high positive correlation. When the cut-off value of AHI with the ApneaLinkTM test was 19.0, it showed a sensitivity of 76.29% and a specificity of 78.95%, which could be expected to produce more than 15 of RDI in PSG.Conclusions Through this study, it was found that ApneaLinkTM could be used as a screeningtest for obstructive sleep apnea.
{"title":"The Usefulness of ApneaLinkTM as a Screening Test for Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"Young Bin Yun, W. Bae, Sangjun Kim, Young Gun Kim, Sang Hoo Park","doi":"10.17241/smr.2022.01340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2022.01340","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective To investigate the usefulness of ApneaLinkTM as a screening test for obstructive sleep apnea by analyzing the correlation between ApneaLinkTM and polysomnography (PSG).Methods From January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020, patients who visited the sleep clinic with snoring, sleep apnea, and excessive daytime sleepiness at the otolaryngology department of this hospital were subjected to both standard sleep PSG and ApneaLinkTM. Correlations of Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) in standard PSG with AHI and Risk Indicator (RI) in ApneaLinkTM were investigated. To determine the usefulness of ApneaLinkTM as a screening test for patients with moderate or severe sleep apnea, cut-off values of AHI and RI of ApneaLinkTM were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results The correlation coefficient between AHI in PSG and AHI or RI in ApneaLinkTM was both 0.647, showing a high positive correlation. The correlation coefficient between RDI in PSG and AHI or RI in ApneaLinkTM was both 0.637, showing a high positive correlation. When the cut-off value of AHI with the ApneaLinkTM test was 19.0, it showed a sensitivity of 76.29% and a specificity of 78.95%, which could be expected to produce more than 15 of RDI in PSG.Conclusions Through this study, it was found that ApneaLinkTM could be used as a screeningtest for obstructive sleep apnea.","PeriodicalId":37318,"journal":{"name":"Sleep Medicine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49641765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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