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Grammar Errors by Slovenian Learners of Japanese: Corpus Analysis of Writings on Beginner and Intermediate Levels 斯洛文尼亚日语学习者的语法错误:初级和中级写作语料库分析
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-30 DOI: 10.4312/ala.10.1.87-104
Miha Pavlovič
This paper presents the construction of a corpus of writings by Slovene learners of Japanese as a foreign language at the beginner and intermediate levels and an analysis of the grammar errors contained within it, with the purpose of providing a simple and effective means of acquiring data on errors made by students of Japanese as a second language. Additionally, an error analysis of the grammar errors in the corpus and a comparison of the most common errors found on both levels, reveals the types of errors that carry over from the beginner to the intermediate level, negatively affecting the learning process. By compiling and analyzing a collection of 182 written texts written by Japanese learners, 492 cases of grammar misuse were observed on the beginner and 564 on the intermediate level. A comparative analysis of the most common types of grammar misuse on each level highlights the types of errors that seem to carry over from the beginner to the intermediate level. The findings can be useful to Japanese language learners as well as teachers. Furthermore, the learner’s corpus created in the process marks the first step towards the creation of a larger, annotated and publicly accessible learner corpus of writings by Slovenian learners of Japanese to be used for further research in the field of second language acquisition.
本文介绍了斯洛文尼亚初级和中级日语学习者写作语料库的构建,并对其中包含的语法错误进行了分析,目的是提供一种简单有效的方法来获取日语作为第二语言的学生所犯错误的数据。此外,对语料库中的语法错误进行了错误分析,并对两个层次中发现的最常见错误进行了比较,揭示了从初学者到中级水平的错误类型,对学习过程产生了负面影响。通过对182篇日语学习者的书面文本进行整理和分析,发现初学者有492例语法错误,中级学习者有564例语法错误。对每个级别最常见的语法错误类型的比较分析突出了似乎从初学者到中级水平的错误类型。这些发现对日语学习者和教师都很有用。此外,在此过程中创建的学习者语料库标志着朝着创建一个更大的、有注释的和可公开访问的斯洛文尼亚日语学习者写作的学习者语料库迈出了第一步,该语料库将用于第二语言习得领域的进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Orthoepic Competence Descriptors in Japanese Language Education: CEFR Levels B1 to C2 日语教育中的正字法能力描述符:CEFR水平B1至C2
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-30 DOI: 10.4312/ala.10.1.9-26
Hideaki Ito
The Council of Europe’s 2001 Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) has shown rapid global adoption, and now includes Japanese language education though it primarily aimed at alphabetically transcribed languages. It basically acknowledges that orthoepic competence relates to comprehension of characters yet does not indicate descriptors. Descriptors examining A1 and A2 levels, using altered techniques, have already been set. In this paper, I re-examine descriptors for levels B1 to C2, which have not yet been attempted, and combine them with the results for levels A1 and A2 to present descriptors for levels A1 to C2 in overall.
欧洲委员会2001年的《欧洲语言参考框架》(CEFR)在全球范围内得到了迅速采用,现在包括了日语教育,尽管它主要针对按字母顺序转录的语言。它基本上承认正传能力与对角色的理解有关,但并不表示描述符。已经设置了使用改变的技术检查A1和A2水平的描述符。在本文中,我重新检查了尚未尝试的B1至C2级别的描述符,并将它们与A1和A2级别的结果相结合,以呈现A1至C2级别总体的描述符。
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引用次数: 2
Contextual factors and language: an analysis of order placements from a Japanese crowdsourcing website 语境因素和语言:来自日本众包网站的订单投放分析
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-30 DOI: 10.4312/ala.10.1.35-47
Andrej Bekeš
Business documents, like other communications, are created in specific social context to achieve various specific social goals. This study examines relationship between the linguistic characteristics of order placements on Japanese dedicated crowdsourcing website and their context of situation, focusing on the power relations between the orderer and the subcontractor. As for the relationship between the orderer and the subcontractor, qualitative analysis of data shows that it is the orderer who is overwhelmingly powerful in this relationship. This imbalance seems to be reflected in the linguistic characteristics of order placements, such as choices made in the system of grammar, and in the quality of information in the sense of Grice’s maxims of conversation.
与其他通信一样,业务文档是在特定的社会上下文中创建的,以实现各种特定的社会目标。本研究考察了日本专业众包网站下单的语言特征与其情境之间的关系,重点关注订购者与分包商之间的权力关系。对于订货方与分包商之间的关系,数据的定性分析表明,在这种关系中,订货方具有压倒性的权力。这种不平衡似乎反映在顺序排列的语言特征上,比如在语法系统中做出的选择,以及格赖斯谈话格言意义上的信息质量。
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引用次数: 0
Foreword 前言
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-01-30 DOI: 10.4312/ala.10.1.5-6
ALA editorial board
Any scientific discipline undoubtedly encounters different challenges in their development over time. However, with the rise of modern technologies, such challenges expanded to new dimensions. In linguistics, corpus studies have already proven their advantages, and many researchers and other users enjoy the richness of different corpora, spreading enthusiasm and courage to treat linguistics interdisciplinarily. At the same time, minority languages and poorly studied languages are also gaining researchers' attention. Modern technologies further motivated different translation tools, which globalize the world with an enormous speed and seems to dicrease the relevance of language study and foreign language learning. However, the needs for interest in languages remain high. Though perhaps in a different form. This issue comprises the above ideas in five articles. Mayuri L. DILIP and Rayesh KUMAR coauthored the article “Clitic or Agreement Restriction in Santali: A Typological Analysis”, in which they investigated the syntactic configuration of pronominal number marking in Santali, the third most-spoken Austroasiatic language, from syntactic, morphological and prosodic perspective. The following article “Contextual factors and language: an analysis of order placements” was written by Andrej BEKEŠ. It tackles Japanese in a specific social context, namely written ordering requirements on a crowdsourcing website, and reports negative correlation between the level of added value of such requirements and the quality of linguistic expression, comparing it to the Grice’s maxims of conversation. ITO Hideaki's article “Orthoepic Competence Descriptors in Japanese Language Education: CEFR Levels B1 to C2” overviews the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and the JF Standard for Japanese-Language Education to discuss the benefits of their merging. In particular, the author re-examines CEFR descriptors for levels B1 to C2 in a non-alphabetically transcribed Japanese, which have not yet been attempted, and combine them with the results for levels A1 and A2 to present descriptors for levels A1 to C2 in overall. KIM Yu Young in his article “Development and Operation Results of Japanese Accent Perception Test Based On e-learning System” introduced the [AJ-phonetic Test] system, an online tool for practicing perception of Japanese word accent, presented its benefits through a longitudinal study on Korean learners of Japanese.     Finally, Miha PAVLOVIČ wrote an article entitled “Grammar Errors by Slovenian Learners of Japanese: Corpus Analysis of Writings on Beginner and Intermediate Levels”. In it he first presents how to construct such a corpus, and then presents his analysis of grammar errors that a collection of 182 written texts written by Japanese learners contained.   Editors and Editorial Board wish the regular and new readers of the ALA journal a pleasant read full of inspiration.   ALA editorial board
随着时间的推移,任何科学学科在发展过程中无疑都会遇到不同的挑战。然而,随着现代技术的兴起,这些挑战扩展到了新的层面。在语言学领域,语料库研究已经证明了它们的优势,许多研究人员和其他用户享受着不同语料库的丰富性,传播了跨学科对待语言学的热情和勇气。与此同时,少数民族语言和学习不足的语言也引起了研究者的关注。现代技术进一步推动了不同的翻译工具,这些工具以惊人的速度全球化,似乎降低了语言学习和外语学习的相关性。然而,对语言的兴趣需求仍然很高。尽管形式可能有所不同。本期共有五篇文章阐述了上述观点。Mayuri L.DILIP和Rayesh KUMAR合著了《Santali语中的君主制或协议限制:类型学分析》一文,从句法、形态和韵律的角度研究了澳大利亚第三大口语Santali语言中代词数字标记的句法结构。以下文章“语境因素和语言:订单安排的分析”由Andrej BEKEŠ撰写。它在特定的社会背景下处理日语,即众包网站上的书面订购要求,并报告了这些要求的附加值水平与语言表达质量之间的负相关性,将其与Grice的谈话准则进行了比较。伊藤秀明的文章“日语教育中的正统能力描述符:CEFR B1至C2级”概述了欧洲通用语言参考框架(CEFR)和JF日语教育标准,以讨论它们合并的好处。特别地,作者重新检查了尚未尝试的非字母顺序转录的日语中B1至C2级的CEFR描述符,并将它们与A1和A2级的结果相结合,以呈现A1至C2级总体描述符。KIM Yu Young在其文章《基于电子学习系统的日语重音感知测试的开发和操作结果》中介绍了[AJ语音测试]系统,这是一种练习日语单词重音感知的在线工具,并通过对韩国日语学习者的纵向研究展示了它的好处。最后,Miha PAVLOVIČ写了一篇题为“斯洛文尼亚日语学习者的语法错误:初级和中级写作的语料库分析”的文章。在这本书中,他首先介绍了如何构建这样一个语料库,然后对日本学习者写的182篇书面文本中的语法错误进行了分析。编辑和编委会祝愿《ALA》杂志的老读者和新读者阅读愉快,充满灵感。ALA编辑委员会
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引用次数: 0
Aspects of Aspect: Phasic and Episodic Dimensions of Verbs 方面的方面:动词的相位和情景维度
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-07-30 DOI: 10.4312/ALA.9.2.9-52
Rahman Veisi Hasar, Mohammad Ahmadnejad
The present study sets out to analyze aspectuality and coercion in Persian from a new perspective. With regard to the transcendental aspectual distinction between perfectivity, characterized by boundedness and heterogeneity, and imperfectivity, specified by uniformity and homogeneity (Langacker, 2008), it is argued that the heterogeneity of verbs may be assessed according to their phasic and episodic variables. In other words, in contrast to homogeneous verbs, which lack any kind of boundedness, heterogeneous verbs may occur either in a bounded phasic domain or in a bounded episodic domain. Concerning phasic-episodic features, this study presents a new model of lexical aspect that can differentiate five aspectual categories. The paper also scrutinizes the combinations of different verbs with different sentential operators in order to explain various kinds of type-shifting triggered by different operators. Thereby, two procedures of phasic coercion and episodic coercion are introduced which are responsible for modifying the phasic and episodic features of verbs in order to resolve the semantic conflicts between verbs and sentential operators. These procedures modify the phasic/episodic attributes of verbs according to the viewing frames evoked by interpretative operators.
本研究试图从一个新的视角来分析波斯语中的特殊性和胁迫性。关于以有界性和异质性为特征的完美性和以均匀性和同质性为特征的不完美性之间的先验方面的区别(Langacker, 2008),有人认为动词的异质性可以根据其阶段性和情景性变量来评估。换句话说,与同质动词相比,同质动词缺乏任何有界性,异质动词可能出现在有界的阶段域或有界的情景域。在阶段-情景特征方面,本研究提出了一个新的词汇方面模型,该模型可以区分五个方面类别。本文还考察了不同动词与不同句子操作符的组合,以解释不同操作符引发的各种类型转换。在此基础上,引入了相位强制转换和情景强制转换两个过程,对动词的相位特征和情景特征进行修饰,以解决动词与句子操作符之间的语义冲突。这些程序根据解释性操作符所唤起的观看框架来修改动词的阶段性/情景性属性。
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引用次数: 0
Soglasniki standardne kitajščine v okviru slovenskega glasovnega sistema 斯洛文尼亚语音系统中的标准汉语辅音
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-07-30 DOI: 10.4312/ALA.9.2.145-156
Mateja Petrovčič
Članek obravnava soglasnike standardne kitajščine z vidika govorca slovenskega jezika. Slovenščina ima 21 pomensko razločevalnih soglasnikov, kitajščina enega več. Ker se fonetične značilnosti soglasnikov med jezikoma razlikujejo, prispevek prouči možnosti, kako s slovenskimi glasovi predstaviti kitajske foneme, pri čemer upoštevamo tudi načelo gospodarnosti. V ta namen najprej podamo oris slovenskih in kitajskih soglasnikov, jih primerjamo s pomočjo mednarodne fonetične abecede, predlagamo ustreznice in predlagane rešitve strnemo v krajše navodilo, kako naj slovenski bralec izgovarja kitajske soglasnike.
本文从一个讲斯洛文尼亚语的人的角度来探讨标准汉语的辅音。斯洛文尼亚语有21个独特的辅音,汉语有一个。由于不同语言的辅音的语音特征不同,本文考虑到经济原则,探讨了用斯洛文尼亚音表示汉语音位的可能性。为此,我们首先介绍了斯洛文尼亚语和汉语辅音的概况,并将其与国际音标进行了比较,提出了合适的辅音,并在关于如何发音汉语辅音的简短说明中总结了所提出的解决方案。
{"title":"Soglasniki standardne kitajščine v okviru slovenskega glasovnega sistema","authors":"Mateja Petrovčič","doi":"10.4312/ALA.9.2.145-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ALA.9.2.145-156","url":null,"abstract":"Članek obravnava soglasnike standardne kitajščine z vidika govorca slovenskega jezika. Slovenščina ima 21 pomensko razločevalnih soglasnikov, kitajščina enega več. Ker se fonetične značilnosti soglasnikov med jezikoma razlikujejo, prispevek prouči možnosti, kako s slovenskimi glasovi predstaviti kitajske foneme, pri čemer upoštevamo tudi načelo gospodarnosti. V ta namen najprej podamo oris slovenskih in kitajskih soglasnikov, jih primerjamo s pomočjo mednarodne fonetične abecede, predlagamo ustreznice in predlagane rešitve strnemo v krajše navodilo, kako naj slovenski bralec izgovarja kitajske soglasnike.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45336426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conveying the self in a foreign language: Exploring JFL learners’ self-introduction 用外语表达自我:探讨英语学习者的自我介绍
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-07-30 DOI: 10.4312/ALA.9.2.87-101
Kiyomi Fujii, Naomi Yanagida
In this study, the authors researched how learners of Japanese as a foreign language introduce themselves and what they want to convey, as well as what kind of skills the speakers need to effectively communicate these points to the addressee. The self-introduction video data were collected from a project in which JFL learners interacted with EFL learners through Facebook. The survey data included learners' evaluations of their own self-introductions. Interviews were conducted with students in counterpart schools to evaluate the learners’ self-introductions. The authors analyzed the data and extrapolated the most useful skills for effective conveyance from the most successful self-introductions. The results showed discrepancies between learners’ self-evaluations and the opinions of the addressees. Non-verbal communication strategies were also shown to play an important role in successful conveyances. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of the project and report salient results obtained through the analysis of the data. We also share pedagogical implications of the results, and suggest alternative approaches to language pedagogy.
在这项研究中,作者研究了日语作为外语的学习者如何自我介绍,他们想要传达什么,以及说话者需要什么样的技巧才能有效地将这些要点传达给收件人。自我介绍视频数据收集自一个JFL学习者通过Facebook与英语学习者互动的项目。调查数据包括学习者对自己自我介绍的评价。本研究以对口学校的学生为访谈对象,评估学生的自我介绍。作者分析了数据,并从最成功的自我介绍中推断出最有用的有效传达技巧。结果显示学习者的自我评价与收件人的意见存在差异。非语言交际策略也被证明在成功的交流中起着重要作用。在本文中,我们对项目进行了简要概述,并报告了通过数据分析获得的显著结果。我们还分享了结果的教学意义,并提出了语言教学法的替代方法。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparative Study on Speculation Forms of Interrogative Sentences in Korean and Japanese 韩日疑问句推测形式比较研究
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-07-30 DOI: 10.4312/ALA.9.2.71-85
Chang-Hak Moon
This article reveals the interrogative aspect of speculation forms in Japanese and Korean, including the characteristics of -keyss-nya in Korean and darooka in Japanese. -keyss-nya and darooka by definition indicate meanings of both “speculation” and “interrogation”, and thus it is anticipated that the semantic characteristics of these forms will not differ significantly. However, one perceives many differences when examining the semantic characteristics of both. First, a characteristic of -keyss-nya is its with strong communicativity, whereas a characteristic of darooka is its with weak communicativity. Second, based on this characteristic of , -keyss-nya is not made into “question usage that does not solicit an answer” or “exclamation usage,” but it may be made into “strong rhetorical questions.” Meanwhile, based on the characteristic of with weak communicativity, darooka may be derived into “question usage that does not solicit an answer”, “exclamation usage”, and “weak rhetorical interrogative sentences.” As stated above, different semantic meanings of -keyss-nya and darooka result from semantic differences between -keyss- and daroo. The -keyss- meaning of “completion of judgement formation” is reflected in -keyss-nya’s characteristics of , and daroo’s meaning of the “judgement formation process” is reflected in darooka’s characteristics of .
本文揭示了日语和韩语中推测形式的疑问方面,包括韩语中-keys-nya和日语中darooka的特征-keyss-nya和darooka的定义表明了“推测”和“审问”的含义,因此预计这两种形式的语义特征不会有显著差异。然而,当考察两者的语义特征时,人们会发现许多差异。首先,-keyss-nya的一个特点是它具有较强的传播性,而darooka的一个特征是它具有较弱的传播性。其次,基于,-keyss-nya的这一特点,它没有被制成“不征求答案的问题用法”或“感叹号用法”,但它可能被制成“强烈的修辞问题”。同时,基于沟通能力弱的特点,darooka可能被衍生成“不征求回答的问题用法,和“弱反诘句”。如上所述,-keys-nya和darooka的不同语义是-keys-ny和daroo之间语义差异的结果。“完成判断形成”的-keyss-含义体现在-keyss-nya的特征中,而daroo对“判断形成过程”的含义体现在darooka的特征中。
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引用次数: 0
Foreword 前言
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-07-30 DOI: 10.4312/ala.9.2.5
E. Board
Valovi Nespeče morje,valovi zrejo vate.Šum zbudi srce.                       Marcel Loboda Waves Sleepless the waters,their waves laying eyes on you.Sounds inflame your heart.                      Marcel Loboda                     (translation Nina Golob)   In the days of summer season openings, we are pleased to announce a new ALA issue, the second this year. Warm congratulation goes to all the authors, and feelings of gratitude go to the editorial board and all the involved. We sincerely hope that the seven research articles inflame your critical thinking just like the sounds of sleepless summer waves may inflame your hearts. Editors and Editorial Board wish the regular and new readers of the ALA journal a pleasant read full of inspiration.                                   Editorial board  
Valovi Nespeče morje,Valovi zrejo vate。Šum zbudi srce。马塞尔·洛博达波浪不眠于水,它们的波浪凝视着你。声音会激怒你的心。Marcel Loboda(翻译Nina Golob)在夏季开幕的日子里,我们很高兴地宣布一个新的ALA问题,这是今年的第二期。向所有作者致以热烈的祝贺,向编委会和所有相关人员表示感谢。我们真诚地希望这七篇研究文章能激起你的批判性思维,就像不眠的夏日浪潮可能会激起你的心一样。编辑和编委会祝愿《ALA》杂志的老读者和新读者阅读愉快,充满灵感。编辑委员会
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引用次数: 0
Retrieving Linguistic Information from a Corpus on the Example of Negation in Chinese 从语料库中检索语言信息——以汉语否定句为例
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-07-30 DOI: 10.4312/ALA.9.2.103-115
Luboš Gajdoš
The paper deals with corpus analysis of negation in Chinese, namely the negatives bù 不 and méi/ méiyǒu没/没有. The adverbs BU and MEI are two of the most frequent negatives in Chinese. The aim of this study is to present statistical data together with linguistics analysis. The results provide empirical evidence of discrepancy between “authentic” language data versus linguistic prescription with practical implications for second-language acquisition. The findings inter alia suggest a new approach to verb categorisation.  
本文对汉语否定的语料库进行了分析,即否定词bú不 和梅伊没/没有. 副词BU和MEI是汉语中最常见的两个否定词。本研究的目的是提供统计数据和语言学分析。研究结果为“真实”语言数据与语言处方之间的差异提供了经验证据,对第二语言习得具有实际意义。这些发现尤其为动词分类提供了一种新的方法。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Acta Linguistica Asiatica
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