The present study explores the usages of the Roman alphabet within the writing system of Japanese. Japanese is typically said to have three types of characters in its writing system: hiragana, katakana, and kanji. However, the Roman alphabet is also commonly used in Japanese for various purposes along with other types of characters in Japanese. The present study argues that with the recent surge in electronic communication, the writing practice of Japanese is transitioning from vertical writing to horizontal writing, and this transition allows more foreign words and expressions written in the Roman alphabet to be used within Japanese without being converted into katakana loanwords. The present study also discusses the influence of the ever-increasing international interaction to the usages of the Roman alphabet within Japanese.
{"title":"The Roman Alphabet Within the Japanese Writing System: Patterns of Usages and Their Significance","authors":"Hironori Nishi","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.2.51-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.2.51-72","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explores the usages of the Roman alphabet within the writing system of Japanese. Japanese is typically said to have three types of characters in its writing system: hiragana, katakana, and kanji. However, the Roman alphabet is also commonly used in Japanese for various purposes along with other types of characters in Japanese. The present study argues that with the recent surge in electronic communication, the writing practice of Japanese is transitioning from vertical writing to horizontal writing, and this transition allows more foreign words and expressions written in the Roman alphabet to be used within Japanese without being converted into katakana loanwords. The present study also discusses the influence of the ever-increasing international interaction to the usages of the Roman alphabet within Japanese.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42242839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the effects of Liushu-based instruction on the motivation and intended learning efforts. Beginners of Standard Chinese from Laos were assigned to the experiment group and the control group. The Liushu-based instruction in the experiment group was carried on for ten weeks. It was found that Liushu-based instruction has a positive effect on learners’ motivation, especially for Standard Chinese learners’ Ideal L2 Self and L2 learning experience. In addition, Ideal L2 Self showed a mediation effect between Liushu-based instruction and intended learning efforts. The article also provides several suggestions for the use of Liushu in Chinese character teaching.
{"title":"Liushu-based Instruction and Its Effects on the Motivation and Intended Learning Efforts: The Case of Laos Learners of Standard Chinese","authors":"Qi Guo, F. Chew","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.2.73-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.2.73-90","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effects of Liushu-based instruction on the motivation and intended learning efforts. Beginners of Standard Chinese from Laos were assigned to the experiment group and the control group. The Liushu-based instruction in the experiment group was carried on for ten weeks. It was found that Liushu-based instruction has a positive effect on learners’ motivation, especially for Standard Chinese learners’ Ideal L2 Self and L2 learning experience. In addition, Ideal L2 Self showed a mediation effect between Liushu-based instruction and intended learning efforts. The article also provides several suggestions for the use of Liushu in Chinese character teaching.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42434194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article aims to show a practical procedure that can be used in the visualization of language data. The paper freely follows our previous articles about the visualization of language data in language pedagogy. We demonstrate how to retrieve language data – in our case from corpora, how to edit data in a spreadsheet program, and then in the last step, how to visualize it on the example of Legal Chinese and partly Legal German. The Javascript library Vis.js via Pyvis is chosen for the visualization of the language data.
本文旨在展示一种可用于语言数据可视化的实用程序。本文自由地遵循了我们以前关于语言教学中语言数据可视化的文章。我们展示了如何检索语言数据——在我们的案例中，从语料库中检索，如何在电子表格程序中编辑数据，然后在最后一步中，如何在法律汉语和部分法律德语的例子中可视化数据。Javascript库Vis.js via Pyvis被选择用于语言数据的可视化。
{"title":"Examples of Corpus Data Visualization: Collocations in Chinese","authors":"Luboš Gajdoš, Elena Gajdošová","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.2.9-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.2.9-26","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The article aims to show a practical procedure that can be used in the visualization of language data. The paper freely follows our previous articles about the visualization of language data in language pedagogy. We demonstrate how to retrieve language data – in our case from corpora, how to edit data in a spreadsheet program, and then in the last step, how to visualize it on the example of Legal Chinese and partly Legal German. The Javascript library Vis.js via Pyvis is chosen for the visualization of the language data.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48840746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, three types of Japanese online tests, and self-assessment questionnaires comprised of 13 descriptor categories, including one category on Japanese orthoepic competence, were issued to 15 Japanese language learners attending language schools in Japan. As a result, we confirmed a more than moderate positive correlation between the orthoepic competence descriptors and test scores, both concerning the individual scores on the three tests and the aggregate total of those scores. Based on these test results, learners were categorized into different skill levels, such as novice, intermediate, and advanced. Learners who scored at the intermediate level with their grammar test or scored over 170 total points across all tests tended to evaluate themselves at a B-level or higher competency level.
{"title":"Correlations Between Proposed Orthoepic Competence Descriptors and Japanese Language Ability","authors":"Hideaki Ito","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.1.19-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.1.19-35","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, three types of Japanese online tests, and self-assessment questionnaires comprised of 13 descriptor categories, including one category on Japanese orthoepic competence, were issued to 15 Japanese language learners attending language schools in Japan. As a result, we confirmed a more than moderate positive correlation between the orthoepic competence descriptors and test scores, both concerning the individual scores on the three tests and the aggregate total of those scores. Based on these test results, learners were categorized into different skill levels, such as novice, intermediate, and advanced. Learners who scored at the intermediate level with their grammar test or scored over 170 total points across all tests tended to evaluate themselves at a B-level or higher competency level.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47837369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akeanon features a phoneme unique relative to many Philippine-type languages, which is a reflex of the proto-Bisayan *l and *-d-. This was initially described as a voiced velar fricative [ɣ], and later repositioned as both a consonant of an onset and a semivowel of a coda. Half a century later it was reaffirmed as mainly a semivowel. Based on these descriptions of Akeanon, more questions arise as per the true nature of the phoneme in focus. This paper hence provides both a review and reevaluation of Akeanon phonology based on synchronic distribution, dialectology, historical accounts, and acoustic analysis. Results point to the phoneme as a velar approximant [ɰ]. Further recommendations on both descriptive and applied contexts are provided.
{"title":"A Synchronic and Historical Look at Aklanon Phonology","authors":"Philip Rentillo, Ruchie Mark D. Pototanon","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.1.91-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.1.91-127","url":null,"abstract":"Akeanon features a phoneme unique relative to many Philippine-type languages, which is a reflex of the proto-Bisayan *l and *-d-. This was initially described as a voiced velar fricative [ɣ], and later repositioned as both a consonant of an onset and a semivowel of a coda. Half a century later it was reaffirmed as mainly a semivowel. Based on these descriptions of Akeanon, more questions arise as per the true nature of the phoneme in focus. This paper hence provides both a review and reevaluation of Akeanon phonology based on synchronic distribution, dialectology, historical accounts, and acoustic analysis. Results point to the phoneme as a velar approximant [ɰ]. Further recommendations on both descriptive and applied contexts are provided.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41387808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-30DOI: 10.4312/ala.12.1.131-146
Byoung Yoong Kang
Roman Native Speaker, čigar avtor je Chang-rae Lee, pripadnik korejske manjšine v ZDA, je bil v korejščino preveden in objavljen dvakrat, prvič leta 1995 in zatem leta 2003. Glavna tema omenjenega romana je iskanje identitete (Američana korejskega rodu), ključ za razumevanje dela pa jezik. Glede na to, kako razumemo identiteto poldruge generacije korejskih priseljencev, ki ji pripadata glavni junak romana, Henry, in pisatelj sam, se lahko interpretacija, ovrednotenje in celo prevod dela precej razlikujejo. Članek proučuje vlogo jezika v omenjenem romanu in analizira novejši prevod v korejščino. Izpostavljene so težave, ki se pojavijo pri prevajanju Leejevih literarnih del, in vloga, ki jo pri razumevanju dela igra prevod. Poleg tega članek obravnava tudi pomen korejskosti, ki ga vsebuje korejska literatura, in ga poskuša ponovno pojasniti.
{"title":"Vloga prevajanja pri razumevanju literature korejske manjšine v ZDA:","authors":"Byoung Yoong Kang","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.1.131-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.1.131-146","url":null,"abstract":"Roman Native Speaker, čigar avtor je Chang-rae Lee, pripadnik korejske manjšine v ZDA, je bil v korejščino preveden in objavljen dvakrat, prvič leta 1995 in zatem leta 2003. Glavna tema omenjenega romana je iskanje identitete (Američana korejskega rodu), ključ za razumevanje dela pa jezik. Glede na to, kako razumemo identiteto poldruge generacije korejskih priseljencev, ki ji pripadata glavni junak romana, Henry, in pisatelj sam, se lahko interpretacija, ovrednotenje in celo prevod dela precej razlikujejo. Članek proučuje vlogo jezika v omenjenem romanu in analizira novejši prevod v korejščino. Izpostavljene so težave, ki se pojavijo pri prevajanju Leejevih literarnih del, in vloga, ki jo pri razumevanju dela igra prevod. Poleg tega članek obravnava tudi pomen korejskosti, ki ga vsebuje korejska literatura, in ga poskuša ponovno pojasniti.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43866283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated phonological adaptation of non-loan words in Japanese and their preference for either deletion or epenthesis. Earlier studies argue that non-loan Japanese words prefer deletion while loanwords prefer epenthesis. Studies further show that the input medium affects the adaptation; text-input leads to epenthesis while sound-input to deletion. The present study experimented with text-input of non-loan nonce words and investigated how native Japanese speakers adapt their causative, passive, and potential forms. Results showed a strong preference for deletion in causative forms, a relatively weak preference for deletion in potential forms, and no significant preference in passive forms. The outcome indicates that deletion is not present by default, and further investigation is needed to define factors that influence the selection.
{"title":"Preference for Deletion vs. Epenthesis in Japanese Phonological Adaptations","authors":"Shinichi Shoji","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.1.9-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.1.9-18","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated phonological adaptation of non-loan words in Japanese and their preference for either deletion or epenthesis. Earlier studies argue that non-loan Japanese words prefer deletion while loanwords prefer epenthesis. Studies further show that the input medium affects the adaptation; text-input leads to epenthesis while sound-input to deletion. The present study experimented with text-input of non-loan nonce words and investigated how native Japanese speakers adapt their causative, passive, and potential forms. Results showed a strong preference for deletion in causative forms, a relatively weak preference for deletion in potential forms, and no significant preference in passive forms. The outcome indicates that deletion is not present by default, and further investigation is needed to define factors that influence the selection.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47176791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Qamar, Juhi Yasmeen, Md. Arfeen Zeeshan, S. Pathak
The COVID-19 pandemic came with a flux of new words, terminologies, and phrases, which led to the rapid coinage or neologisms in the world's different languages. These lexical innovations may take place within one language as well as with the combination of two different languages. Therefore, this paper scrutinizes coroneologisms and word-formation processes in Hindi-English code-mixed words. Such a phenomenon happened due to the acceptance of English by Indians besides their mother tongue which makes them bilingual. The data were gathered from newspapers, blogs, social media, TV news, etc. Next, the linguistic analysis of the data revealed different types of word classes in Hindi-English codemixed words such as compounding, affixation, blending, and reduplication. Out of these, compounding and borrowing were reported as the most productive types of coroneologisms in Hindi-English code-mixed words.
{"title":"Coroneologisms and Word Formation Processes in Hindi-English Codemixed Words","authors":"M. Qamar, Juhi Yasmeen, Md. Arfeen Zeeshan, S. Pathak","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.1.59-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.1.59-89","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The COVID-19 pandemic came with a flux of new words, terminologies, and phrases, which led to the rapid coinage or neologisms in the world's different languages. These lexical innovations may take place within one language as well as with the combination of two different languages. Therefore, this paper scrutinizes coroneologisms and word-formation processes in Hindi-English code-mixed words. Such a phenomenon happened due to the acceptance of English by Indians besides their mother tongue which makes them bilingual. The data were gathered from newspapers, blogs, social media, TV news, etc. Next, the linguistic analysis of the data revealed different types of word classes in Hindi-English codemixed words such as compounding, affixation, blending, and reduplication. Out of these, compounding and borrowing were reported as the most productive types of coroneologisms in Hindi-English code-mixed words.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41583666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Idiomatic expressions play an important role in communication. They are widely used in both spoken and written discourse and are often one of the indicators of native-like proficiency. This paper discusses Chinese idioms chengyu in foreign language education, presents some observations regarding the scope of idioms predicted for the advanced level of Chinese, and introduces conceptual gaps between L1 and L2 as possible reasons for learners’ mistaken usages. This study argues that equipping students with skills and knowledge needed for reaching contextually appropriate use of idioms should be the main goal in the teaching/learning process and provides a set of practical suggestions as to which aspects of teaching idioms should be considered thoroughly.
{"title":"Chinese Idioms: Stepping Into L2 Student’s Shoes","authors":"Mateja Petrovčič","doi":"10.4312/ala.12.1.37-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.1.37-58","url":null,"abstract":"Idiomatic expressions play an important role in communication. They are widely used in both spoken and written discourse and are often one of the indicators of native-like proficiency. This paper discusses Chinese idioms chengyu in foreign language education, presents some observations regarding the scope of idioms predicted for the advanced level of Chinese, and introduces conceptual gaps between L1 and L2 as possible reasons for learners’ mistaken usages. This study argues that equipping students with skills and knowledge needed for reaching contextually appropriate use of idioms should be the main goal in the teaching/learning process and provides a set of practical suggestions as to which aspects of teaching idioms should be considered thoroughly.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44491258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Addresses made by heads of government reflect their views and opinions. This article presents a quantitative content analysis of public addresses made by heads of government of the five countries, namely Japan, the USA, New Zealand, Germany, and Slovenia, which were done in response to the novel coronavirus (Covid-19). Word frequency analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to identify the content specifics of these addresses. The comparative analysis of speeches concerning the novel coronavirus enables us to determine how these addresses reflect the speakers’ perspectives and political orientation and what they attempted to convey to the public.
{"title":"A Comparative Corpus-Based Content Analysis of Head of Government Addresses in Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic: Japan and Western Countries","authors":"Nagisa Moritoki Škof","doi":"10.4312/ala.11.2.9-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.11.2.9-32","url":null,"abstract":"Addresses made by heads of government reflect their views and opinions. This article presents a quantitative content analysis of public addresses made by heads of government of the five countries, namely Japan, the USA, New Zealand, Germany, and Slovenia, which were done in response to the novel coronavirus (Covid-19). Word frequency analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to identify the content specifics of these addresses. The comparative analysis of speeches concerning the novel coronavirus enables us to determine how these addresses reflect the speakers’ perspectives and political orientation and what they attempted to convey to the public.","PeriodicalId":37373,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Asiatica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43037899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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