首页 > 最新文献

Brazilian Journal of International Law最新文献

英文 中文
Model International Mobility Convention: An Inter-American System of human rights reflection on the non-criminalization principle 国际流动示范公约:美洲人权体系对非刑事定罪原则的反思
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8346
Lutiana Valadares Fernandes Barbosa, A. L. M. Moraes
{"title":"Model International Mobility Convention: An Inter-American System of human rights reflection on the non-criminalization principle","authors":"Lutiana Valadares Fernandes Barbosa, A. L. M. Moraes","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46581564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Legal response to protection of right to communicate & appropriate adults during process of arrest or detention 在逮捕或拘留过程中保护沟通权和适当成年人的法律回应
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8370
B. J. Almusawi
{"title":"Legal response to protection of right to communicate & appropriate adults during process of arrest or detention","authors":"B. J. Almusawi","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44807563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Jurisdição universal: caixa de pandora ou um caminho para a realização dos interesses da humanidade? 普遍管辖权:潘多拉的盒子还是实现人类利益的途径?
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8400
C. Loureiro
Um dos maiores desafios da comunidade internacional é a punição dos crimes que ofendem os interesses da humanidade, o que pode ser concretizado pelo exercício da jurisdição universal pelos Estados, independentemente de vínculo com a nacionalidade e com a territorialidade. A globalização ensejou a convivência em uma comunidade cosmopolizada e cosmopolita, o que fomentou a prática de crimes contra a humanidade. Assim, o objetivo geral do artigo é analisar o instituto jurídico da jurisdição universal e o objetivo específico é analisar o sistema jurídico que dá suporte à jurisdição universal, bem como sua relação jurídica. A legislação da Bélgica e da Espanha serão estudadas com a finalidade de responder ao problema central do trabalho: existe um sistema jurídico da jurisdição universal pelos Estados, independentemente de vínculo com a soberania estatal? Optou-se pelo método hipotético-dedutivo, com a técnica de documentação indireta e com o procedimento de análise da doutrina, da legislação e da jurisprudência, com a finalidade de demonstrar que a jurisdição universal difere da perspectiva da jurisdição tradicional. O tema é relevante e se justifica especialmente num momento em que a comunidade internacional vivencia a prática de crimes contra os interesses da humanidade em diversas partes do mundo.
国际社会面临的最大挑战之一是惩罚侵犯人类利益的罪行,这可以通过各国行使普遍管辖权来实现,而不考虑其国籍和领土。全球化导致在一个世界性和世界性的社会中共存,这促进了危害人类罪的实践。因此,本文的总体目标是分析普遍管辖权的法律制度,具体目标是分析支持普遍管辖权的法律制度及其法律关系。将对比利时和西班牙的立法进行研究,以回答本文的中心问题:是否存在一种独立于国家主权的普遍管辖权的法律制度?为了证明普遍管辖权不同于传统管辖权的观点,我们选择了假设-演绎的方法,采用了间接文件技术和学说、立法和判例法的分析程序。在国际社会正在世界各地犯下危害人类利益的罪行的时候,这一主题是重要和有道理的。
{"title":"Jurisdição universal: caixa de pandora ou um caminho para a realização dos interesses da humanidade?","authors":"C. Loureiro","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8400","url":null,"abstract":"Um dos maiores desafios da comunidade internacional é a punição dos crimes que ofendem os interesses da humanidade, o que pode ser concretizado pelo exercício da jurisdição universal pelos Estados, independentemente de vínculo com a nacionalidade e com a territorialidade. A globalização ensejou a convivência em uma comunidade cosmopolizada e cosmopolita, o que fomentou a prática de crimes contra a humanidade. Assim, o objetivo geral do artigo é analisar o instituto jurídico da jurisdição universal e o objetivo específico é analisar o sistema jurídico que dá suporte à jurisdição universal, bem como sua relação jurídica. A legislação da Bélgica e da Espanha serão estudadas com a finalidade de responder ao problema central do trabalho: existe um sistema jurídico da jurisdição universal pelos Estados, independentemente de vínculo com a soberania estatal? Optou-se pelo método hipotético-dedutivo, com a técnica de documentação indireta e com o procedimento de análise da doutrina, da legislação e da jurisprudência, com a finalidade de demonstrar que a jurisdição universal difere da perspectiva da jurisdição tradicional. O tema é relevante e se justifica especialmente num momento em que a comunidade internacional vivencia a prática de crimes contra os interesses da humanidade em diversas partes do mundo.","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44436667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transterritoriality as a theory to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations: the application of its principles in Vedanta and Nevsun cases 作为追究公司侵犯人权责任的理论的跨地域性:其原则在韦丹塔和涅夫逊案件中的应用
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8397
Ana Cláudia Ruy Cardia Atchabahian
This paper examines the basis for transterritoriality as a theory to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations and attempts to its application in two Business and Human Rights leading decisions: Vedanta Resources Plc and Konkola Copper Mines Plc v. Lungowe and Ors. [2019] UKSC 20 and Nevsun Resources Ltd. v. Araya, 2020 SCC 5. By the analysis of both judgements, issued by two Supreme Courts under the common law regime, the present work aims to prove that, in order to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations, national judges can apply private international law, public international law and international human rights law in an heterarchical and transversal manner to ensure a genuine dialogue between national jurisdictions and international courts under the application of the main principles and rules of international law. Qualitative and deductive methods used were based on interdisciplinary research and primary and secondary business and human rights sources were consulted to develop the proposed theory and case analysis.
本文探讨了跨地域性作为追究公司侵犯人权责任的理论的基础,并试图将其应用于两项商业和人权主导的裁决:韦丹塔资源公司和孔科拉铜矿公司诉伦戈韦和奥尔斯案。【2019】UKSC 20和Nevsun Resources有限公司诉Araya,2020 SCC 5。通过对两个最高法院在普通法制度下发布的两项判决的分析,本工作旨在证明,为了追究公司对侵犯人权行为的责任,国家法官可以适用国际私法,国际公法和国际人权法,确保国家司法机构和国际法院在适用国际法主要原则和规则的情况下进行真正的对话。所使用的定性和演绎方法基于跨学科研究,并咨询了中小企业和人权来源,以发展所提出的理论和案例分析。
{"title":"Transterritoriality as a theory to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations: the application of its principles in Vedanta and Nevsun cases","authors":"Ana Cláudia Ruy Cardia Atchabahian","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8397","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the basis for transterritoriality as a theory to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations and attempts to its application in two Business and Human Rights leading decisions: Vedanta Resources Plc and Konkola Copper Mines Plc v. Lungowe and Ors. [2019] UKSC 20 and Nevsun Resources Ltd. v. Araya, 2020 SCC 5. By the analysis of both judgements, issued by two Supreme Courts under the common law regime, the present work aims to prove that, in order to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations, national judges can apply private international law, public international law and international human rights law in an heterarchical and transversal manner to ensure a genuine dialogue between national jurisdictions and international courts under the application of the main principles and rules of international law. Qualitative and deductive methods used were based on interdisciplinary research and primary and secondary business and human rights sources were consulted to develop the proposed theory and case analysis.","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42621848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Is investment facilitation a substitute or supplement? A comparative analysis of China and Brazil practices 投资便利化是替代还是补充?中国与巴西实践的比较分析
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8518
D. Wei, Ning Hongling
Investment facilitation, which tackles ground-level obstacles to FDI and has no substantial challenges to regulatory space, is emerging as a new trend of global governance. Meanwhile, the content and method to implement investment facilitation are still evolving. Both as top FDI destinations and largest emerging countries in South America and Asia respectively, Brazil and China have adopted somewhat different approaches towards investment facilitation. Due to traditional resistance to BITs network, Brazilian developed a new model of investment treaty, i.e., Cooperation and Investment Facilitation Agreement (CIFA). CFIAs primarily focus on investment facilitation through institutional cooperation, but the scope and degree of investment protection are quite insufficient. China’s approaches towards investment regime are inclusive, i.e., it is a practitioner of investment facilitation as well as a proponent of IIAs with a balanced ISDS mechanism. On the one hand, while investment protection and liberalization system are essential part of good business environment, IIAs don’t necessarily lead to friendly regulatory environment to attract FDI inflows. In this regard, the policy of investment facilitation is complementary to existing international investment regime. It is suggest that China draws some experiences from Brazil in terms of institutional governance and establishing a similar and effective dispute prevention system. On the other hand, access to justice is still important to foreign investors, the policy of investment facilitation can’t act as a total substitute of traditional BITs worldwide. Considering the Brazilian investors’ increasing outbound investment and the growing needs of investment protection, it is suggested that China’s open and liberal policies are worth learning for Brazil.
投资便利化解决了外国直接投资的基层障碍,对监管空间没有实质性挑战,正成为全球治理的一种新趋势。与此同时,实施投资便利化的内容和方法仍在不断演变。巴西和中国分别是南美和亚洲最大的外国直接投资目的地和新兴国家,在投资便利化方面采取了不同的做法。由于对双边投资条约网络的传统抵制,巴西制定了一种新的投资条约模式,即《合作与投资便利化协定》。外资投资协定主要侧重于通过机构合作促进投资,但投资保护的范围和程度相当不足。中国对投资制度的态度是包容性的,即中国是投资便利化的实践者,也是具有平衡ISDS机制的国际投资协定的支持者。一方面,虽然投资保护和自由化制度是良好商业环境的重要组成部分,但国际投资协定不一定会带来友好的监管环境来吸引外国直接投资流入。在这方面,投资便利化政策是对现有国际投资制度的补充。建议中国在制度治理和建立类似有效的争端预防体系方面借鉴巴西的经验。另一方面,诉诸司法对外国投资者来说仍然很重要,投资便利化政策不能完全取代全球传统的双边投资条约。考虑到巴西投资者不断增加的对外投资和日益增长的投资保护需求,建议中国的开放和自由政策值得巴西学习。
{"title":"Is investment facilitation a substitute or supplement? A comparative analysis of China and Brazil practices","authors":"D. Wei, Ning Hongling","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8518","url":null,"abstract":"Investment facilitation, which tackles ground-level obstacles to FDI and has no substantial challenges to regulatory space, is emerging as a new trend of global governance. Meanwhile, the content and method to implement investment facilitation are still evolving. Both as top FDI destinations and largest emerging countries in South America and Asia respectively, Brazil and China have adopted somewhat different approaches towards investment facilitation. Due to traditional resistance to BITs network, Brazilian developed a new model of investment treaty, i.e., Cooperation and Investment Facilitation Agreement (CIFA). CFIAs primarily focus on investment facilitation through institutional cooperation, but the scope and degree of investment protection are quite insufficient. China’s approaches towards investment regime are inclusive, i.e., it is a practitioner of investment facilitation as well as a proponent of IIAs with a balanced ISDS mechanism. On the one hand, while investment protection and liberalization system are essential part of good business environment, IIAs don’t necessarily lead to friendly regulatory environment to attract FDI inflows. In this regard, the policy of investment facilitation is complementary to existing international investment regime. It is suggest that China draws some experiences from Brazil in terms of institutional governance and establishing a similar and effective dispute prevention system. On the other hand, access to justice is still important to foreign investors, the policy of investment facilitation can’t act as a total substitute of traditional BITs worldwide. Considering the Brazilian investors’ increasing outbound investment and the growing needs of investment protection, it is suggested that China’s open and liberal policies are worth learning for Brazil.","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48346147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A construção da participação social como mecanismo vinculatório de proteção das vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais 建立社会参与作为保护企业决策过程中侵犯人权受害者的约束性机制
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8145
Michelle Lucas Cardoso Balbino
A atuação das transnacionais em todo o mundo aumentaram as indagações acerca da responsabilização dessas para com os Estados anfitriões e as partes interessadas, principalmente quando considera-se os abusos causados aos direitos humanos das vítimas. O objetivo do trabalho está em estabelecer os mecanismos capazes de tornar a participação social vinculatória para a proteção das vítimas de violações de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais. Justifica-se por representar mecanismo extraterritorial capaz de conduzir a proteção de vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos na perspectiva das atuações empresariais. Metodologicamente trata-se de uma pesquisa normativa-jurídica, tipo exploratória, abordagem quanti-qualitativa, fontes primárias e secundárias. Para a coleta utilizou-se os métodos top-down e bottom-up, enquanto para a análise de dados aplicou-se Teoria da Análise de Conteúdo. Assim, a construção da participação social será possível se houver mecanismos que a definam como mecanismo vinculatório de proteção das vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais. Esta proposta está definida no processo de “esverdeamento” normativo dos Direitos Humanos possui uma função positiva na atuação da participação social ativa nos mecanismos de controle e, por considerar a participação social vinculatória como categoria de normas que garante a capacidade de influenciar das partes interessadas.
跨国公司在世界各地的活动增加了对东道国和利益攸关方责任的质疑,特别是在考虑到侵犯受害者人权的情况下。这项工作的目标是建立机制,使社会参与具有约束力,以保护商业决策过程中侵犯人权行为的受害者。它是合理的,因为它代表了一种域外机制,能够从商业行为的角度对侵犯人权的受害者进行保护。在方法论上,它是一种规范性和法律研究,探索性,定量和定性的方法,一手和二手资料。数据收集采用自顶向下和自底向上的方法,数据分析采用内容分析理论。因此,如果有机制将社会参与定义为在商业决策过程中保护人权侵犯受害者的约束性机制,社会参与的建设就有可能实现。这一建议是在人权规范的“绿化”过程中确定的,在社会积极参与控制机制方面具有积极作用,并考虑到具有约束力的社会参与是一种确保利益攸关方影响能力的标准。
{"title":"A construção da participação social como mecanismo vinculatório de proteção das vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais","authors":"Michelle Lucas Cardoso Balbino","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8145","url":null,"abstract":"A atuação das transnacionais em todo o mundo aumentaram as indagações acerca da responsabilização dessas para com os Estados anfitriões e as partes interessadas, principalmente quando considera-se os abusos causados aos direitos humanos das vítimas. O objetivo do trabalho está em estabelecer os mecanismos capazes de tornar a participação social vinculatória para a proteção das vítimas de violações de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais. Justifica-se por representar mecanismo extraterritorial capaz de conduzir a proteção de vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos na perspectiva das atuações empresariais. Metodologicamente trata-se de uma pesquisa normativa-jurídica, tipo exploratória, abordagem quanti-qualitativa, fontes primárias e secundárias. Para a coleta utilizou-se os métodos top-down e bottom-up, enquanto para a análise de dados aplicou-se Teoria da Análise de Conteúdo. Assim, a construção da participação social será possível se houver mecanismos que a definam como mecanismo vinculatório de proteção das vítimas de abusos de direitos humanos em processos decisórios empresariais. Esta proposta está definida no processo de “esverdeamento” normativo dos Direitos Humanos possui uma função positiva na atuação da participação social ativa nos mecanismos de controle e, por considerar a participação social vinculatória como categoria de normas que garante a capacidade de influenciar das partes interessadas.","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41657023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial 编辑
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8748
André De Carvalho Ramos, M. Roland
.
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"André De Carvalho Ramos, M. Roland","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8748","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47551906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Access to justice through business and human rights: the Chilean experience on transnational mining 通过商业和人权获得司法救助:智利在跨国采矿方面的经验
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8262
Daniel Jacomelli Hudler, Marcelo Benacchio
ABSTRACT: The multilevel economic relationship between community-State-company gives rise to contexts of conflict and ruptures in the local social fabric. The access of local communities to justice requires new ways of dealing with the transnational phenomenon to resolve disputes beyond traditional judicial procedures within nation-States. Our main hypothesis highlights Business and Human Rights as a possible transnational legal instrument of access to justice. The objective is to understand access to justice in the methodological perspective of Economics and Law and Business and Human Rights, identifying their autonomy in relation to the voluntarism of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the practical application of this in the context of transnational mining activity in post-1970 Chile. The hypothetical-deductive method is used with bibliographic research. Conclusion: i) despite the existence of sustainable business ethics, it only becomes relevant to the Law when a certain normative framework is conjectured, establishing legal and semi-legal procedures and integrating a complex of specific obligations and rights; ii) the process of progressive conversion of CSR to legal responsibility is envisaged through a new gateway represented by the intersection of Business and Human Rights; iii) The pioneering Chilean experience is a result of internal and external political pressures and serves as an example for Latin America in its successes and mistakes, especially the attempt to consolidate the UN theoretical framework through National Action Plan on Business and Human rights with the active participation of representatives from academia, local communities, NGOs, and companies, which serves as a starting point for further research.
摘要:社区-国有企业之间的多层次经济关系引发了当地社会结构的冲突和破裂。地方社区诉诸司法需要以新的方式处理跨国现象,以解决民族国家内传统司法程序之外的争端。我们的主要假设强调,商业与人权是诉诸司法的一项可能的跨国法律文书。目的是从经济学和法律以及工商和人权的方法论角度理解诉诸司法的途径,确定他们在企业社会责任自愿制方面的自主权,以及这一点在1970年后智利跨国采矿活动中的实际应用。假设演绎法用于书目研究。结论:一)尽管存在可持续的商业道德,但只有当推测出某种规范性框架,建立了合法和半合法的程序,并整合了复杂的具体义务和权利时,它才与法律相关;ii)企业社会责任逐步转变为法律责任的过程是通过一个以商业与人权交叉为代表的新门户来设想的;iii)智利的开拓性经验是内部和外部政治压力的结果,是拉丁美洲成功和错误的榜样,特别是在学术界、当地社区、非政府组织和公司代表的积极参与下,通过《国家工商与人权行动计划》巩固联合国理论框架的努力,这是进一步研究的起点。
{"title":"Access to justice through business and human rights: the Chilean experience on transnational mining","authors":"Daniel Jacomelli Hudler, Marcelo Benacchio","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8262","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The multilevel economic relationship between community-State-company gives rise to contexts of conflict and ruptures in the local social fabric. The access of local communities to justice requires new ways of dealing with the transnational phenomenon to resolve disputes beyond traditional judicial procedures within nation-States. Our main hypothesis highlights Business and Human Rights as a possible transnational legal instrument of access to justice. The objective is to understand access to justice in the methodological perspective of Economics and Law and Business and Human Rights, identifying their autonomy in relation to the voluntarism of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the practical application of this in the context of transnational mining activity in post-1970 Chile. The hypothetical-deductive method is used with bibliographic research. Conclusion: i) despite the existence of sustainable business ethics, it only becomes relevant to the Law when a certain normative framework is conjectured, establishing legal and semi-legal procedures and integrating a complex of specific obligations and rights; ii) the process of progressive conversion of CSR to legal responsibility is envisaged through a new gateway represented by the intersection of Business and Human Rights; iii) The pioneering Chilean experience is a result of internal and external political pressures and serves as an example for Latin America in its successes and mistakes, especially the attempt to consolidate the UN theoretical framework through National Action Plan on Business and Human rights with the active participation of representatives from academia, local communities, NGOs, and companies, which serves as a starting point for further research.","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41472331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Ampliando a proteção social aos migrantes à luz da diretiva de proteção temporária da União Europeia: lições da invasão da Ucrânia 根据欧盟临时保护指令扩大对移民的社会保护:入侵乌克兰的教训
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8510
Júlia Motte-Baumvol, Tarin Cristino Frota Mont'Alverne, Gabriel Braga Guimarães
A guerra na Ucrânia trouxe uma mudança sem precedentes na forma como a União Europeia aborda as questões relacionadas à migração. Após o início da invasão da Ucrânia pelas forças russas, o Conselho da União Europeia adotou uma Decisão de Execução que declara a existência de um afluxo maciço de pessoas deslocadas da Ucrânia, à luz do artigo 5.º da Diretiva 2001/55/CE do Conselho, implementando, assim, o seu mecanismo de proteção temporária pela primeira vez. Embora os dispositivos da Diretiva reflitam os princípios fundadores da União Europeia, as vulnerabilidades específicas dos migrantes internacionais exigem dispositivos sociais adequados para lhes proporcionar um padrão de vida adequado à sua saúde e bem-estar, enquanto durar a proteção fornecida pela Diretiva. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a natureza dos desafios decorrentes desta primeira implementação da Diretiva de Proteção Temporária e os seus impactos na eficácia da Diretiva e na abrangência da proteção social prevista às pessoas deslocadas. Alega-se, primeiramente, que a interpretação conjunta da Diretiva e da Decisão do Conselho limita significativamente o escopo pessoal da proteção, excluindo algumas categorias de migrantes. Posteriormente, o artigo examina o conteúdo da Diretiva e sugere que a interpretação ampla de seus dispositivos de proteção social revela novas dificuldades no que diz respeito ao financiamento dessa proteção e sua sustentabilidade.
乌克兰战争给欧盟处理移民相关问题的方式带来了前所未有的变化。在俄罗斯部队开始入侵乌克兰之后,欧洲联盟理事会通过了一项执行决定,根据第5条宣布大批流离失所者从乌克兰涌入。理事会指令2001/55/ ec,从而首次实施其临时保护机制。虽然该指令的规定反映了欧洲联盟的创始原则,但国际移徙者的具体脆弱性要求作出适当的社会规定,在该指令提供的保护期限内,为他们提供与其健康和福祉相称的生活水平。本文的目的是讨论第一次执行《临时保护指令》所产生的挑战的性质及其对该指令的有效性和为流离失所者提供的社会保护范围的影响。首先,有人认为,对该指示和理事会决定的联合解释大大限制了个人保护的范围,排除了某些类别的移徙者。随后,本文审查了该指令的内容,并建议对其社会保护条款的广泛解释揭示了在资助这种保护及其可持续性方面的新困难。
{"title":"Ampliando a proteção social aos migrantes à luz da diretiva de proteção temporária da União Europeia: lições da invasão da Ucrânia","authors":"Júlia Motte-Baumvol, Tarin Cristino Frota Mont'Alverne, Gabriel Braga Guimarães","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8510","url":null,"abstract":"A guerra na Ucrânia trouxe uma mudança sem precedentes na forma como a União Europeia aborda as questões relacionadas à migração. Após o início da invasão da Ucrânia pelas forças russas, o Conselho da União Europeia adotou uma Decisão de Execução que declara a existência de um afluxo maciço de pessoas deslocadas da Ucrânia, à luz do artigo 5.º da Diretiva 2001/55/CE do Conselho, implementando, assim, o seu mecanismo de proteção temporária pela primeira vez. Embora os dispositivos da Diretiva reflitam os princípios fundadores da União Europeia, as vulnerabilidades específicas dos migrantes internacionais exigem dispositivos sociais adequados para lhes proporcionar um padrão de vida adequado à sua saúde e bem-estar, enquanto durar a proteção fornecida pela Diretiva. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a natureza dos desafios decorrentes desta primeira implementação da Diretiva de Proteção Temporária e os seus impactos na eficácia da Diretiva e na abrangência da proteção social prevista às pessoas deslocadas. Alega-se, primeiramente, que a interpretação conjunta da Diretiva e da Decisão do Conselho limita significativamente o escopo pessoal da proteção, excluindo algumas categorias de migrantes. Posteriormente, o artigo examina o conteúdo da Diretiva e sugere que a interpretação ampla de seus dispositivos de proteção social revela novas dificuldades no que diz respeito ao financiamento dessa proteção e sua sustentabilidade.","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49010791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teaching and research of International Law in an expanded world: understanding from the Indian perspective 扩展世界中的国际法教学与研究:从印度人的角度理解
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8580
S. Sarker, Prakash Sharma
This paper examines the basis for transterritoriality as a theory to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations and attempts to its application in two Business and Human Rights leading decisions: Vedanta Resources Plc and Konkola Copper Mines Plc v. Lungowe and Ors. [2019] UKSC 20 and Nevsun Resources Ltd. v. Araya, 2020 SCC 5 . By the analysis of both jud-gements, issued by two Supreme Courts under the common law regime, the present work aims to prove that, in order to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations, national judges can apply private international law, public international law and international human rights law in an heterarchical and transversal manner to ensure a genuine dialogue between national jurisdictions and international courts under the application of the main principles and rules of international law. Qualitative and deductive methods used were based on interdisciplinary research and primary and secondary business and human rights sources were consulted to develop the proposed theory and case analysis.
本文探讨了跨地域性作为追究公司侵犯人权责任的理论的基础,并试图将其应用于两项商业和人权主导的裁决:韦丹塔资源公司和孔科拉铜矿公司诉伦戈韦和奥尔斯案。【2019】UKSC 20和Nevsun Resources有限公司诉Araya,2020 SCC 5。通过对两个最高法院在普通法制度下发布的两项裁决的分析,本工作旨在证明,为了追究公司对侵犯人权行为的责任,国家法官可以适用国际私法,国际公法和国际人权法,确保国家司法机构和国际法院在适用国际法主要原则和规则的情况下进行真正的对话。所使用的定性和演绎方法基于跨学科研究,并咨询了中小企业和人权来源,以发展所提出的理论和案例分析。
{"title":"Teaching and research of International Law in an expanded world: understanding from the Indian perspective","authors":"S. Sarker, Prakash Sharma","doi":"10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8580","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the basis for transterritoriality as a theory to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations and attempts to its application in two Business and Human Rights leading decisions: Vedanta Resources Plc and Konkola Copper Mines Plc v. Lungowe and Ors. [2019] UKSC 20 and Nevsun Resources Ltd. v. Araya, 2020 SCC 5 . By the analysis of both jud-gements, issued by two Supreme Courts under the common law regime, the present work aims to prove that, in order to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations, national judges can apply private international law, public international law and international human rights law in an heterarchical and transversal manner to ensure a genuine dialogue between national jurisdictions and international courts under the application of the main principles and rules of international law. Qualitative and deductive methods used were based on interdisciplinary research and primary and secondary business and human rights sources were consulted to develop the proposed theory and case analysis.","PeriodicalId":37377,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of International Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46098218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Brazilian Journal of International Law
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1