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The significance of John Amos Comenius’ great ideas for the development of pedagogical research 夸美纽斯伟大思想对教育学研究发展的意义
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.12
Jelena Osmanović Zajić, Jelena Ž. Maksimović, Gordana Petrović
This paper presents the pedagogical significance of John Amos Comenius and how his pedagogical ideas influenced the development of pedagogical research. By analyzing Comenius' ideas, we have shown their connection with the development of pedagogical research. Mankind still does not find more original ideas than his, but returns to his opus and finds more and more new knowledge in it, which builds on the existing educational theory and practice. The aim of this paper is to identify which of Comenius’ pedagogical ideas contributed to the development of pedagogical research and thus the Methodology of Pedagogy as a scientific discipline. Primarily, we want to place Comenius' philosophical and pedagogical views in the context of their importance for the development of pedagogical research. The tasks are formulated as follows: 1. Analysis of the pedagogical significance of John Amos Comenius, 2. Analysis of the historical development of pedagogical research in Serbia. 3. Pointing out the connection between the principles founded by John Amos Comenius and the development of pedagogical research. The meth-od of theoretical and historical analysis with the technique of content analysis of historical and pedagogical sources and documents was used. After presenting Comenius’ pedagogical ideas, the paper presents the development of pedagogical research in Serbia and the principles of Comenius in which we found the basis for the development of pedagogical research.
本文介绍了约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯的教学意义,以及他的教学思想对教育学研究发展的影响。通过分析夸美纽斯的思想,我们可以看到它们与教育学研究发展的联系。人类仍然没有找到比他更多的原创思想,而是回到他的作品中,在他的作品中发现了越来越多的新知识,这些知识是建立在现有的教育理论和实践之上的。本文的目的是确定哪些夸美纽斯的教学思想对教学研究的发展做出了贡献,从而促进了教育学方法论作为一门科学学科的发展。首先,我们想把夸美纽斯的哲学和教育学观点放在它们对教育学研究发展的重要性的背景下。具体任务如下:1。约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯的教学意义分析,2。塞尔维亚教育学研究的历史发展分析。指出约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯所创立的原则与教育学研究的发展之间的联系。采用理论分析和历史分析相结合的方法,结合历史和教学资料和文献的内容分析技术。在介绍了夸美纽斯的教学思想之后,本文介绍了塞尔维亚教学研究的发展和夸美纽斯的原则,我们在其中找到了教学研究发展的基础。
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引用次数: 0
"Nowy komeniusz" Jana Chrzciciela Mieroszewskiego. Jego związki z pansofią Komeńskiego
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.06
S. Sobieraj
The article analyses The New Comenius, a work by a little-known 19th-century Polish writer, Jan Mieroszewski. The title itself indicates a connection with the works by John Amos Comenius due to the appellativization of the scientist’s name. The author lists multiple affinities in the content, composition and form of the Polish "Comenius" with Orbis Pictus and other works by the outstanding Czech educator, and above all, with his idea of pansophism. He mentions the illustrative method of transferring knowledge and the encyclopaedic tendency to collect and systematize it. At the same time, he proves that Comenius' concepts influenced the development of the Polish prose of the seventeenth century, which assumed the silvic formula of a collection of varieties useful in the lives of educated people. Mieroszewski's book is a continuation of this trend of writing, which combined genealogically contradictory patterns of silva rerum and the encyclopaedia. Despite its literary nature, it retains the value of a textbook or lexicon, which was intended to convey wisdom in a universal dimension, relating to the spheres of self-knowledge, the world of universal and transcendent things, as Comenius had assumed. Undoubtedly, the analysed text confirms the viability of the scholar's concept in the Polish intellectual and literary culture of the nineteenth century.
本文分析了19世纪鲜为人知的波兰作家Jan Mieroszewski的作品《新夸美纽斯》。由于科学家名字的称呼,标题本身表明了与约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯的作品的联系。作者列举了波兰《夸美纽斯》与捷克杰出教育家奥比斯·皮克图斯等作品在内容、构图和形式上的多重相似性,尤其是与他的泛神论思想的相似性。他提到了传递知识的说明性方法,以及收集和系统化知识的百科全书式倾向。同时,他证明了夸美纽斯的概念影响了17世纪波兰散文的发展,波兰散文采用了一种西尔维茨公式,即对受过教育的人的生活有用的各种散文的集合。Mieroszewski的书是这种写作趋势的延续,它结合了silva rerum和百科全书的宗谱矛盾模式。尽管它具有文学性质,但它保留了教科书或词典的价值,其目的是传达普遍维度的智慧,与自我知识领域有关,正如夸美纽斯所设想的那样,是普遍和超越事物的世界。毫无疑问,分析的文本证实了学者概念在19世纪波兰知识和文学文化中的生存能力。
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引用次数: 0
Inspiracje Komeńskiego i o Komeńskim. Szkic o planie kształcenia językowego z wieku XVII i jego znaczeniu dla współczesności
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.08
Agnieszka Michalkiewicz-Gorol
This outline is an attempt to answer the questions concerning the scientific foundation and, above all, the inspiration of modern didactic and pedagogical concepts of John Amos Comenius by works of authors whose pedagogical and philosophical solutions appeared in the first half of the 17th century, especially the legacy of Sebastian Petrycy of Pilsen, in the context of foreign languages specifications and plans for teaching them. Educational, cultural and social contexts, as well as the media revolution of the 17th and 21st centuries, are the starting point for these considerations. Analysis of some excerpts from Sebastian Petrycy's Przydatki, comeniologists', contemporary educators’, scientists’ and a Nobel Prize winner's works are essential in an attempt to formulate answers to these questions. Establishing the extent of inspiration which appeared to be important to Comenius may prove to be significant in the context of studying the significance of this great pedagogue's ideas for the development of science and education.
本大纲试图回答有关科学基础的问题,最重要的是,约翰·阿莫斯·Comenius的现代教学和教学概念的灵感来自于17世纪上半叶出现的作者的教学和哲学解决方案,特别是皮尔森的塞巴斯蒂安·佩特里西的遗产,在外语规范和教学计划的背景下。教育、文化和社会背景,以及17世纪和21世纪的媒体革命,是这些考虑的起点。分析塞巴斯蒂安·佩特里西(Sebastian Petrycy)的《普兹达基》(Przydatki)、社会学家的、当代教育家的、科学家的以及一位诺贝尔奖得主的作品中的一些节选,对于试图找到这些问题的答案至关重要。在研究这位伟大的教育家的思想对科学和教育发展的重要性的背景下,确定对夸美纽斯来说似乎很重要的灵感的程度可能会被证明是重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Wiedza i światło u Jana Amosa Komeńskiego w "Labiryncie świata i raju serca" i w twórczości Fiodora Dostojewskiego – podobieństwa i różnice
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.11
Mateusz Wąsowski
In the works by John Amos Comenius (1592-1670), light often plays a key role in the interpretation of the text. This is related to the philosophy of the Baroque, according to which a person wanders through the metaphorical labyrinth of life and only later, passing through the darkness, can reach the truth. Light in Comenius' works is particularly important for cognition, to which John Amos Comenius devoted a large part of his work, both artistic and pedagogical. Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881) in his reflections on the nature of man and God also refers to the biblical interpretation according to which light is closely related to the presence of Christ. Man is faced with a choice between the light and the dark, he is lost in the choice, as if in a baroque world-maze and darkness.
在约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯(1592-1670)的作品中,光经常在文本解释中起着关键作用。这与巴洛克的哲学有关,根据这种哲学,一个人在隐喻的生活迷宫中徘徊,只有后来,穿过黑暗,才能到达真理。在夸美纽斯的作品中,光对认知尤为重要,约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯在他的艺术和教学工作中投入了很大一部分。陀思妥耶夫斯基(Fyodor Dostoyevsky, 1821-1881)在他对人与上帝的本性的反思中也提到了圣经的解释,根据圣经的解释,光与基督的存在密切相关。人面临着光明与黑暗的选择,他迷失在选择中,仿佛置身于一个巴洛克式的世界迷宫与黑暗之中。
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引用次数: 0
Manuskrypt Jana Amosa Komeńskiego "Dedicatio ad tria regna – czyli Specjalny apel do Europejczyków, przeznaczony przede wszystkim do królestw i państw północnych"
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.16
Lubomír Hampl
The translation from Latin and Czech into Polish of an entire important, but still little-known work (Latin Dedicatio ad tria regna – Czech Dedikace třem královstvím – English Dedication to the three Kingdoms) introduces us to a large extent to the subject matter of the “i m p r o v e m e n t o f human affairs”. The translation of this manuscript fills a large gap in Polish comeniology. In the work translated into Polish, we can see how John Amos Comenius persistently and decisively pursued the honorable goal he had set for himself – that is, the pansophic improvement of all human affairs. The Polish-speaking reader will finally be able to “fully” read this work in their native language, in which there are also important elements related not only to pedagogical and educational topics, but above all to socio-philosophical issues and theological-biblical comparative references, centered around the domain of interdisciplinary research. The so-called “Portrait sketch” is also presented, or what hopes Comenius linked to the three described countries, strictly speaking the kingdoms of the North, i.e. Poland, Sweden and Great Britain, during the period of significant changes in seventeenth-century Europe.
从拉丁语和捷克语翻译成波兰语的整个重要的,但仍然鲜为人知的工作(拉丁语奉献与tria regna捷克奉献třem královstvím英语奉献给三国),在很大程度上向我们介绍了主题的内容,“在人类的事务中,它是一个伟大的国家”。这份手稿的翻译填补了波兰语社会学界的一个巨大空白。在翻译成波兰语的作品中,我们可以看到约翰·阿摩司·夸美纽斯是如何坚持不懈地、果断地追求他为自己设定的光荣目标——即对所有人类事务的全智性改进。讲波兰语的读者最终将能够“完全”以他们的母语阅读这部作品,其中也有重要的元素,不仅与教学和教育主题有关,而且最重要的是与社会哲学问题和神学-圣经比较参考有关,以跨学科研究领域为中心。所谓的“肖像素描”也被提出,或者是希望夸美纽斯将其与所描述的三个国家联系起来,严格地说,这三个国家是17世纪欧洲发生重大变化时期的北方王国,即波兰、瑞典和英国。
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引用次数: 0
Między teorią a praktyką wychowania – czego dziś możemy nauczyć się z Orbis sensualium pictus Jana Amosa Komeńskiego
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.02
Adam Fijałkowski
The most important merits of Comenius in the history of education are his justification and the use of visualization in teaching, describing and justifying the class-lesson system with a breakdown into subjects of teaching, and he is credited with the work of the “improvement of human affairs” in the world in the spirit of “humanistic values”. A careful reading of Comenius’ textbooks, in particular his Orbis sensualium pictus (1658), shows that all these “merits” are the result of a simplified interpretation or even misinterpretation of his works, in particular – focusing only on the theoretical and visionary texts by Comenius and not taking into account his textbooks.
夸美纽斯在教育史上最重要的功绩是他在教学中对可视化的论证和运用,将课堂体系分解为教学学科,对课堂体系进行了描述和论证,他以“人文价值”的精神为世界“改善人类事务”做出了贡献。仔细阅读夸美纽斯的教科书,尤其是他的《情欲的图画》(Orbis sensualium pictus, 1658),就会发现,所有这些“优点”都是对他的作品进行简化甚至误读的结果,特别是只关注夸美纽斯的理论和幻想文本,而没有考虑到他的教科书。
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引用次数: 0
Значај великих идеја Jана Aмоса Kоменског за развој педагошких истраживања
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.13
Jelena Osmanović Zajić, Jelena Maksimović, Gordana Petrović
This paper presents the pedagogical significance of John Amos Comenius and how his pedagogical ideas influenced the development of pedagogical research. By analyzing Comenius' ideas, we have shown their connection with the development of pedagogical research. Mankind still does not find more original ideas than his, but returns to his opus and finds more and more new knowledge in it, which builds on the existing educational theory and practice. The aim of this paper is to identify which of Comenius’ pedagogical ideas contributed to the development of pedagogical research and thus the Methodology of Pedagogy as a scientific discipline. Primarily, we want to place Comenius' philosophical and pedagogical views in the context of their importance for the development of pedagogical research. The tasks are formulated as follows: 1. Analysis of the pedagogical significance of John Amos Comenius, 2. Analysis of the historical development of pedagogical research in Serbia. 3. Pointing out the connection between the principles founded by John Amos Comenius and the development of pedagogical research. The method of theoretical and historical analysis with the technique of content analysis of historical and pedagogical sources and documents was used. After presenting Comenius’ pedagogical ideas, the paper presents the development of pedagogical research in Serbia and the principles of Comenius in which we found the basis for the development of pedagogical research.
本文介绍了约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯的教学意义,以及他的教学思想对教育学研究发展的影响。通过分析夸美纽斯的思想,我们可以看到它们与教育学研究发展的联系。人类仍然没有找到比他更多的原创思想,而是回到他的作品中,在他的作品中发现了越来越多的新知识,这些知识是建立在现有的教育理论和实践之上的。本文的目的是确定哪些夸美纽斯的教学思想对教学研究的发展做出了贡献,从而促进了教育学方法论作为一门科学学科的发展。首先,我们想把夸美纽斯的哲学和教育学观点放在它们对教育学研究发展的重要性的背景下。具体任务如下:1。约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯的教学意义分析,2。塞尔维亚教育学研究的历史发展分析。指出约翰·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯所创立的原则与教育学研究的发展之间的联系。采用理论分析和历史分析相结合的方法,结合历史和教学资料和文献的内容分析技术。在介绍了夸美纽斯的教学思想之后,本文介绍了塞尔维亚教学研究的发展和夸美纽斯的原则,我们在其中找到了教学研究发展的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Amicus Plato, kilka uwag o Janie Amosie Komeńskim i jego czasach
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.14
Z. Nowak
The life and output of outstanding people, and John Amos Comenius was undoubtedly one of them, is often judged ahistorically and selectively, exposing what has stood the test of time, was a precursor to the future. It is forgotten, because it does not fit into the idealized picture, that like everyone, even the greatest were children of their times, they shared the opinions and superstitions of their contemporaries, and their successes and failures were determined by forces and processes far beyond their extraordinary possibilities. Comenius' achievements, the fact that he did not play such a role in the creation of pedagogy and universal school as he could, were burdened by the debilitating wars, the religious division of Europe caused by the speech of Martin Luther and the Scholar’s unequivocal standing on one side of the dispute, which for a long time practically closed the other, antagonistic side and most of the Continent to his pedagogical ideas.
杰出人物的生活和成就,约翰·阿摩司·夸美纽斯无疑是其中之一,往往被非历史地、有选择地评判,暴露出经受住时间考验的东西,是未来的先驱。人们忘记了,因为它不符合理想化的图景,就像每个人一样,即使是最伟大的人也是他们那个时代的孩子,他们也有同时代人的观点和迷信,他们的成功和失败是由远远超出他们非凡能力的力量和过程决定的。康美纽斯的成就,事实上,他没有发挥这样的作用,在教育学和普遍学校的创造,因为他可以发挥作用,是由削弱战争,欧洲的宗教分裂造成的马丁·路德的演讲和学者的明确立场,这在很长一段时间内实际上关闭了另一个,敌对的一方和大部分大陆对他的教育思想。
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引用次数: 0
Świat uczonych w dziele Jana Amosa Komeńskiego: "Labirynt świata i raj serca" i płynące z niego przesłanie do współczesnego świata nauki i edukacji 扬-阿莫斯-夸美纽斯作品中的学者世界:"世界的迷宫和心灵的乐园 "及其对当代科学和教育界的启示
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.10
M. Jastrzębski
This paper is part of the trend of reading the relevance of the works by John Amos Comenius for modern times. The author examines Labyrinth of the World and Paradise of the Heart, a unique literary work by the Czech scholar. The article aims to present the image of the world of scholars presented in the mentioned work and expose its message for the contemporary academic world. Although Comenius devoted many of his works to the project of transforming the world of academia, the examined work is rather an allegorical story criticising the condition of the scholars’ world than a project of its reform. In this article, the author chooses not to complement this critical vision with what can be learned from Comenius’ other works, and instead focuses only on the very picture of the world of scholars presented in the work under study. As a result, the author concludes that the most important message to the contemporary world of academia from Labyrinth of the World and Paradise of the Heart is a call for a moral-spiritual renewal.
本文是对约翰·阿摩司·夸美纽斯作品的现代相关性解读趋势的一部分。作者对这位捷克学者独特的文学作品《世界的迷宫》和《心灵的天堂》进行了分析。本文旨在呈现上述作品所呈现的学者世界形象,并揭示其对当代学术界的启示。尽管夸美纽斯把他的许多作品都投入到改变学术界的项目中,但他的研究工作与其说是一个改革计划,不如说是一个批评学者世界状况的寓言故事。在这篇文章中,作者选择不去补充这种批判性的观点,从夸美纽斯的其他作品中可以学到什么,而是只关注所研究的作品中所呈现的学者世界的图景。因此,作者认为,《世界的迷宫》和《心灵的天堂》对当代学术界最重要的启示是呼吁道德-精神的复兴。
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引用次数: 1
"Dedykacja trzem Królestwom" – opis i znaczenie siedemnastowiecznego pansoficznego manuskryptu Jana Amosa Komeńskiego dla rozwoju nauki
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.34739/szk.2021.08.07
Lubomír Hampl
The author presents to the Polish-speaking reader a little-known work by Jan Amos Comenius, titled Latin Dedicatio ad tria regna – Czech Dedikace třem královstvím – Polish Dedykacja trzem Królestwom – English Dedication to the Three Kingdoms. It acquaints us not only with its structure, composition and layout, but also with the main theses and assumed plans. It introduces us to a large extent to the subject matter of „repairing human things”. We see how Jan Amos Comenius persistently and with unprecedented persistence decidedly pursued the honorable goal that he set for himself – the panophilic repair of all human things. A picture of Comenius' hopes for these three European countries, ie Poland, Sweden and Great Britain, was also presented. We also learn how this manuscript in question was gradually modified by him over the course of the seventeenth century. An important fact is also that the described work is important for modern science, especially in historical, social, pedagogical, philological and theological disciplines.
作者向讲波兰语的读者介绍了扬·阿莫斯·科美纽斯的一部鲜为人知的作品,题为拉丁语《献给三国》(捷克语:Dedikace třem královstvím)、波兰语《献给三国》(波兰语:Dedykacja trzem Królestwom)。它不仅使我们了解了它的结构、组成和布局,而且使我们了解了它的主要论点和设想方案。它在很大程度上向我们介绍了“修理人的东西”的主题。我们看到,扬·阿莫斯·夸美纽斯是如何坚持不懈,以前所未有的毅力,坚定地追求他为自己设定的光荣目标——人类万物的全面修复。他还描绘了夸美纽斯对波兰、瑞典和英国这三个欧洲国家的希望。我们还了解到,在17世纪的过程中,他是如何逐渐修改这份手稿的。一个重要的事实是,所描述的工作对现代科学很重要,特别是在历史、社会、教育学、语言学和神学学科方面。
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引用次数: 0
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