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“Catastrophically Romantic”: Radical Inversions of Gilbert and Gubar’s Monstrous Angel in Gillian Flynn’s Gone Girl “灾难性的浪漫”:吉莉安·弗林《消失的爱人》中吉尔伯特和古巴饰演的怪物天使的彻底颠倒
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0018
Ashley Christensen
Abstract In their landmark text The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteen Century Literary Imagination (1970), Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar pose a series of hypotheses concerning women-authored fiction in the nineteenth century, identifying two archetypical female figures in patriarchal literary contexts – the Angel in the House, and the Monstrous (Mad)Woman. Gilbert and Gubar echo a Woolf-ian call to action that women writers must destroy both the angel and the monster in their fiction, and many contemporary women authors have answered that call – examining and complicating Gilbert and Gubar’s original dichotomy to reflect contemporary concerns with female violence and feminism. Gillian Flynn’s Gone Girl (2012), and in particular the character of Amy Elliott Dunne, explores modern iterations of the Angel v. Monster dynamic in the guise of the “Cool Girl,” thus revising these stereotypes to fit them in a postmodern socio-historical context. The controversy that surrounds the text, as well as its incredible popularity, indicates that the narrative has struck a chord with readers and critics alike. Both Amy and Nick Dunne represent the Angel and the Monster in their marriage, embodying Flynn’s critical feminist commentary on white, upper-middle class, heterosexual psychopathy.
桑德拉·吉尔伯特和苏珊·古巴在其具有里程碑意义的著作《阁楼上的疯女人:女作家与十九世纪的文学想象》(1970)中,对十九世纪女性创作的小说提出了一系列假设,确定了男权文学语境中的两个典型女性形象——“家里的天使”和“疯狂的女人”。吉尔伯特和古巴呼应了伍尔夫的行动呼吁,即女性作家必须在小说中摧毁天使和怪物,许多当代女性作家也回应了这一呼吁——审视和复杂化吉尔伯特和古巴最初的二分法,以反映当代对女性暴力和女权主义的关注。吉莉安·弗林(Gillian Flynn)的《消失的爱人》(Gone Girl, 2012),尤其是艾米·艾略特·邓恩(Amy Elliott Dunne)这个角色,在“酷女孩”的伪装下,探索了天使对怪物动态的现代迭代,从而修正了这些刻板印象,使其符合后现代社会历史背景。围绕这本书的争议,以及它令人难以置信的受欢迎程度,表明这本书的叙述引起了读者和评论家的共鸣。艾米和尼克·邓恩在他们的婚姻中都代表了天使和怪物,体现了弗林对白人、中上层阶级和异性恋精神病的批判性女权主义评论。
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引用次数: 0
Becoming a Legend: Edna O’Brien and Her Life-Long Journey 成为传奇:埃德娜·奥布莱恩和她一生的旅程
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0020
Zuzanna Zarebska
Abstract The publication of Germaine Greer’s The Change: Women, Aging and the Menopause presents a manifesto for women’s emancipation and their imminent embarkment on the avenue of freedom towards the liberation from the male gaze. In a similar vein, Edna O’Brien, a pioneer of the literary treatment of female agency and sexuality in the Irish literary canon, moves past the age when women enjoy visibility. Age liberates O’Brien from her entrapment in the public persona and her anxious relationship with the public opinion. It has the power to enhance the possibility of women’s difference. Nowadays, the commitment to women’s cause, the inherent element of O’Brien’s narratives, continues to mark out the uncompromising discourse of transgression of the standard as well as her vigilant condemnation of violence against women. In time, O’Brien has become both a foremother author and a legend. She has embraced her unrepressed femininity and the personification of a female sage that Irish women writers have long lacked and may thus represent a role model for authors who wish to transgress the discriminatory standards and defend the female voice.
杰曼·格里尔的《变化:女性、衰老和更年期》的出版是女性解放的宣言,也是她们即将从男性的注视中解放出来的自由之路的宣言。同样,埃德娜·奥布莱恩(Edna O 'Brien)——爱尔兰文学经典中女性能动性和性取向文学研究的先驱——也走过了女性享有知名度的时代。年龄将奥布莱恩从公众形象的束缚以及她与公众舆论的焦虑关系中解放出来。它有能力增强女性与众不同的可能性。如今,对妇女事业的承诺,奥布莱恩叙事的内在元素,继续标志着对违反标准的不妥协的论述,以及她对暴力侵害妇女行为的警惕谴责。随着时间的推移,奥布莱恩成为了一位作家的先驱和传奇人物。她欣然接受了自己不受压抑的女性气质和爱尔兰女作家长期缺乏的女性圣人的化身,因此可能成为那些希望突破歧视标准、捍卫女性声音的作家的榜样。
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引用次数: 0
Transgression and Empowerment in Sarah Hall’s Short Fiction 莎拉·霍尔短篇小说中的越界与赋权
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0021
A. Fernandes
Abstract This essay delivers an analysis of the innovative short fiction of contemporary British writer Sarah Hall. It gives particular consideration to the first two collections of short stories published by the author, The Beautiful Indifference (2011) and Madame Zero (2017), as well as looking into the possibilities offered by her latest collection, Sudden Traveler (2019). Hall focuses attention on such varied contemporary preoccupations as identity, gender, violence and death. My goal is to discuss the way that identities are subverted or transgressed in her short stories and how the topic of identity representation intersects with other themes becoming a fundamental and empowering factor in the narrative structure. Hall’s short story collections present an interesting case study, not only because they display the writer’s quest for a unity of subject-matter, but also because they evince the strength and vitality of the short story as a genre.
本文分析了当代英国作家莎拉·霍尔的创新短篇小说。它特别考虑了作者出版的前两部短篇小言集《美丽的冷漠》(2011年)和《零夫人》(2017年),以及她的最新小言集《突然的旅行者》(2019年)提供的可能性。霍尔将注意力集中在身份、性别、暴力和死亡等各种当代关注的问题上。我的目标是讨论身份在她的短篇小说中被颠覆或违背的方式,以及身份表现的主题如何与其他主题交叉,成为叙事结构中的基本和授权因素。霍尔的短篇小说集提供了一个有趣的研究案例,不仅因为它们展示了作者对主题统一的追求,还因为它们表明了短篇小说作为一种体裁的力量和活力。
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引用次数: 0
You’re an Orphan When Science Fiction Raises You 科幻小说把你养大,你就是孤儿
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0017
Jenni G. Halpin
Abstract In Among Others, Jo Walton’s fairy story about a science-fiction fan, science fiction as a genre and archive serves as an adoptive parent for Morwenna Markova as much as the extended family who provide the more conventional parenting in the absence of the father who deserted her as an infant and the presence of the mother whose unacknowledged psychiatric condition prevented appropriate caregiving. Laden with allusions to science fictional texts of the nineteen-seventies and earlier, this epistolary novel defines and redefines both family and community, challenging the groups in which we live through the fairies who taught Mor about magic and the texts which offer speculations on alternative mores. This article argues that Mor’s approach to the magical world she inhabits is productively informed and futuristically oriented by her reading in science fiction. Among Others demonstrates a restorative power of agency in the formation of all social and familial groupings, engaging in what Donna J. Haraway has described as a transformation into a Chthulucene period which supports the continuation of kin-communities through a transformation of the outcast. In Among Others, the free play between fantasy and science fiction makes kin-formation an ordinary process thereby radically transforming the social possibilities for orphans and others.
在乔·沃尔顿关于一个科幻迷的童话故事《Among Others》中,科幻小说作为一种体裁和档案,充当了莫文娜·马科娃(Morwenna Markova)的养父母,在她的父亲在婴儿时期抛弃了她的情况下,在她的母亲(未被承认的精神疾病无法得到适当照顾)的存在下,这个大家庭提供了更传统的养育方式。这本书信体小说充满了对20世纪70年代及更早时期科幻小说文本的典故,它定义并重新定义了家庭和社区,通过教授更多魔法的仙女和提供替代习俗推测的文本,挑战了我们生活的群体。本文认为,莫尔对她所居住的魔法世界的态度是富有成效的,并以未来主义为导向的,因为她读的是科幻小说。在所有社会和家庭群体的形成过程中,都展示了代理的恢复性力量,参与了Donna J. Haraway所描述的向Chthulucene时期的转变,通过对被抛弃者的转变来支持亲属社区的延续。在《Among Others》中,奇幻小说和科幻小说之间的自由游戏使亲属形成成为一个普通的过程,从而从根本上改变了孤儿和其他人的社会可能性。
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引用次数: 0
“I Have This Kind of Grief for the Earth”: A.S. Byatt’s Ecopoetics in Ragnarök, “Thoughts on Myth” and “Sea Story” “我对地球有这样一种悲伤”:拜厄特在Ragnarök、《神话思考》与《海上故事》中的生态诗学
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0016
Alexandra Cheira
Abstract A.S. Byatt has expressed deep misgivings regarding the role which the human species has played in mis/shaping the natural world due to the wilful blindness which guides human behaviour in this respect. In fact, Byatt has focussed on the destruction of the planet caused by greedy and environmentally-unaware human beings in fictional texts such as Ragnarök: The End of the Gods (2011) or “Sea Story” (2013), as well as in critical pieces such as “Thoughts on Myth” (2011). Hence, I am particularly interested in investigating how Byatt’s texts have been shaped by environmental concerns, as expressed in both her fiction and her critical work. My reading of Byatt’s ecopoetics will therefore be set within the theoretical framework of ecocriticism. Finally, I will also examine Byatt’s argument that in a way her early fictional work was “a questioning quarrel” with her former Cambridge teacher F.R. Leavis’s, whose “vision and values” she nevertheless “inherit[s] and share[s]” (Passions of the Mind, 2) in light of Leavis’s discussion of “the organic community” as proto-ecocritical writing.
A.S. Byatt对人类在错误塑造自然世界中所扮演的角色表达了深深的疑虑,因为在这方面,人类的行为被故意的盲目所引导。事实上,拜亚特在《Ragnarök:众神的终结》(2011)或《海洋故事》(2013)等虚构文本中,以及《神话思考》(2011)等批判性作品中,都关注了贪婪和对环境一无所知的人类对地球造成的破坏。因此,我特别感兴趣的是调查拜亚特的文本是如何被环境问题所塑造的,正如她在小说和评论作品中所表达的那样。因此,我对拜厄特生态诗学的阅读将被置于生态批评的理论框架内。最后,我还将考察拜亚特的观点,即在某种程度上,她早期的小说作品是与她在剑桥的前老师f·r·里维斯的“一场质疑性的争吵”,但她“继承并分享了”里维斯的“视野和价值观”(《心灵的激情》,第2期),根据里维斯关于“有机共同体”作为原始生态批评写作的讨论。
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引用次数: 1
Olivia Chirobocea-Tudor. History and Fiction in American Postmodernist Novels: Kurt Vonnegut, Joseph Heller and Thomas Pynchon. Constanța: Ovidius University Press, 2019. Pp 262. ISBN: 978-606-060-000-8 奥利维亚Chirobocea-Tudor。库尔特·冯内古特,约瑟夫·海勒和托马斯·品钦。Constanța: Ovidius大学出版社,2019年。第262页。ISBN: 978-606-060-000-8
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0024
R. Rogoveanu
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引用次数: 0
Sea Imagery in Hala Alyan’s Salt Houses Hala Alyan盐屋中的海洋意象
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0015
Yousef Awad
Abstract This article examines how Palestinian American novelist Hala Alyan employs sea imagery in her debut novel Salt Houses (2017) to reflect her characters’ emotions and thoughts. In particular, this article shows that by examining a number of events in which characters are sitting by the sea or wading into the waters of the sea, the reader is given an insight into these characters’ inner feelings and beliefs and the way they perceive their identities and contextualise their experiences as they move from one city to another. As the novel relates the narratives of four generations of a Palestinian family, sometimes using flashbacks, sea imagery increasingly occupies central positions in these narratives which reveal Alia’s and her descendants’ endeavours to express their opinions through memories and experiences of displacement, exile and estrangement. Although the title of the novel rightly heralds the significance of houses, it is the sea that forcefully emerges as a pivotal component in the narratives that these characters relate in their quests for a homeland that lives in the older generation’s memories and the young people’s imaginations. As Alia’s granddaughter, Manar, visits Palestine in the final chapter of the novel and draws the family tree of the Yacoubs on Jaffa’s beach, including her unborn baby, memories and imaginations merge to assert the right of Palestinians to “belong” to their homeland.
摘要本文考察了巴勒斯坦裔美国小说家哈拉·阿利安在处女作《盐屋》(2017)中如何运用海洋意象来反映人物的情感和思想。尤其值得一提的是,这篇文章表明,通过研究一些人物坐在海边或涉水入海的事件,读者可以深入了解这些人物的内心感受和信仰,以及他们如何看待自己的身份,以及他们从一个城市到另一个城市时的经历。小说讲述了一个巴勒斯坦家庭四代人的故事,有时使用倒叙,海洋意象在这些叙事中越来越占据中心位置,揭示了阿丽亚和她的后代通过流离失所、流亡和疏远的记忆和经历来表达自己观点的努力。虽然小说的标题正确地预示了房屋的重要性,但在这些人物对故乡的追求中,大海作为一个关键的组成部分有力地出现在故事中,故乡生活在老一辈的记忆和年轻人的想象中。在小说的最后一章中,阿丽亚的孙女玛娜尔(Manar)访问了巴勒斯坦,并在雅法的海滩上画出了雅各布家族的家谱,包括她未出生的孩子,回忆和想象融合在一起,主张巴勒斯坦人“属于”自己的家园的权利。
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引用次数: 3
Review: Vanessa Guignery and Wojciech Drąg, eds. The Poetics of Fragmentation in Contemporary British and American Fiction, Wilmington, DE: Vernon Press, 2019. (£24.00 Hb.). Pp 235. ISBN 9780691159492 评论:Vanessa Guignery和Wojciech Drąg编辑。《当代英美小说中的碎片诗学》,威尔明顿,德文州:弗农出版社,2019年。(£24.00 Hb)。页235。ISBN 9780691159492
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0022
Corina Selejan
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引用次数: 0
Mystified Life: Joyce Carol Oates’ Adaptation of Wonderland 《迷惘的生活:乔伊斯·卡罗尔·奥茨改编的仙境》
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0019
R. Nagalakshmi, K. Tamilmani
Abstract It is apodictic that postmodernism gravitates towards fragmented narratives, apparently “real” diegesis and characters in a chaos-ridden frame. The postmodern novel is a “looking glass” that delineates the vertigo instigated by “reality,” which is an artifice that leads to amending interpretations. The paradox of “fictionalizing the reality” creates heterogeneous reverberations among individuals. There is no preconception, but moments of revelation and realization. The theories of language alleviate the transcription of the intense and inevitable relationship between the text and the reader. The theoretical underpinnings, formulated on the basis of the multiple interpretations emanated by readers, foreground the fact that texts are constituents of our linguistic community, and are diversified with individual and cultural experiences. In this way, the consideration of the text extends beyond its stature of being a mere “object.” Joyce Carol Oates’ Wonderland is a text which abounds in intertextual references in the postmodern context. Oates has taken up the issues of destiny and identity from Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, as the thematic source. The protagonist, Jesse, does not enter a world of fantasy; rather, she enters a world that is real, absurd and phantasmagorical. The article purports to analyse Wonderland as “hypertext” and accentuate how the fragments of discourses in it, based on Carroll’s work as the hypotext, have acquired a transpositional change of meaning.
毫无疑问,后现代主义倾向于碎片化的叙事,显然是“真实的”叙事和混乱的框架中的人物。后现代小说是一面“镜子”,描绘了由“现实”引发的眩晕,这是一种导致修正解释的技巧。“虚构现实”的悖论在个体之间产生了不同的反响。没有先入为主的观念,只有启示和领悟的时刻。语言理论缓解了文本与读者之间强烈而不可避免的关系的转录。基于读者产生的多重解读而形成的理论基础,突出了文本是我们语言共同体的组成部分这一事实,并随着个人和文化经历而多样化。通过这种方式,对文本的考虑超越了它仅仅是一个“对象”的地位。在后现代语境中,乔伊斯·卡罗尔·奥茨的《奇境》是一部充满互文参考的文本。奥茨将刘易斯·卡罗尔的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中的命运和身份问题作为主题来源。主人公杰西并没有进入一个幻想的世界;相反,她进入了一个真实、荒诞和虚幻的世界。本文旨在将《仙境》作为“超文本”进行分析,并强调其中的话语片段如何以卡罗尔的作品为文本,获得意义的换位变化。
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引用次数: 0
Welcome to the New Millennium 欢迎来到新千年
IF 0.2 0 LITERARY THEORY & CRITICISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2020-0013
A. Fernandes
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引用次数: 0
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American, British and Canadian Studies
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