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Agresiones en el noviazgo: Un estudio con adolescentes de Heredia (Costa Rica) 约会中的攻击性:对埃雷迪亚青少年的研究(哥斯达黎加)
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-3.7
A. Fernández-Fuertes, M. Orgaz-Baz, Mariana De Lima-Silva, M. Fallas-Vargas, José-Antonio García-Martínez
Most of human aggressive behavior occurs in the context of a romantic relationship. Adolescents are not an exception: research show a significant prevalence of dating violence, revealing the need for further study, especially in Latin America, given the lack of research on this topic. This study aims at strengthening knowledge about aggressive behavior in adolescent dating relationships in Costa Rica, taking into account different aggressive behaviors, not only physical or sexual abuse; differences by gender are also analyzed. Based on an ex post facto design, a standardized instrument was used to measure five types of aggressive behavior (i.e., verbal-emotional, physical, sexual, relational and threats) in a sample of 468 adolescents from Heredia (Costa Rica). Results show that most participants had committed or suffered aggressions in dating relationships, especially verbal-emotional or both verbal-emotional and sexual abuse, but the mean frequency of reported aggression was low; some significant intersex differences were also found. Results obtained indicate that adolescents have difficulties to deal with conflicts in their romantic relationship; thus this problem needs to be addressed holistically in order to increase the impact of prevention programs for youth.
大多数人类的攻击行为都发生在恋爱关系的背景下。青少年也不例外:研究表明约会暴力非常普遍,这表明需要进一步研究,特别是在拉丁美洲,因为缺乏对这一主题的研究。本研究旨在加强对哥斯达黎加青少年约会关系中攻击行为的认识,考虑到不同的攻击行为,而不仅仅是身体或性虐待;还分析了性别差异。在事后设计的基础上,采用一种标准化的工具来测量来自埃雷迪亚(哥斯达黎加)的468名青少年的五种攻击行为(即言语情感、身体、性、关系和威胁)。结果表明,大多数参与者在约会关系中犯过或遭受过攻击,尤其是言语情感虐待或言语情感和性虐待,但报告的攻击平均频率较低;还发现了一些显著的双性人差异。结果表明,青少年在处理恋爱冲突方面存在困难;因此,这个问题需要全面解决,以增加预防方案对青少年的影响。
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引用次数: 8
Locus de control y rendimiento académico en educación universitaria: Una revisión bibliográfica 大学教育中的控制点与学业成绩:文献综述
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-3.16
Carlos Alberto Mayora-Pernía, Nelly Fernández de Morgado
The purpose of this paper is to provide a bibliographic review about the relation between locus of control (LC) and academic achievement in higher education students. Online repositories were the main source of information. The most important findings show that, (a) the LC construct has evolved from being a dichotomist to a multidimensional variable; (b) there are very few recent international studies and none of them covers Latin-America; (c) interdisciplinary research is scarce and the absence of the qualitative approach is noticeable; and, (d) whether direct or indirectly, most studies show a relation between LC and academic achievement in higher education. These findings show the need to address this topic in Latin America. It is suggested to conduct interdisciplinary, longitudinal, qualitative, and quantitative studies under the supervision of institutions and teachers; the results would be used to design interventions to improve que quality of education.
本文的目的是对高等教育学生的学业成绩与控制源之间的关系进行文献综述。在线存储库是信息的主要来源。最重要的发现表明:(a) LC结构已经从一个二元结构演变为一个多维变量;(b)最近的国际研究很少,没有一项涉及拉丁美洲;(c)跨学科研究很少,明显缺乏定性方法;(d)无论是直接的还是间接的,大多数研究都表明了学习能力与高等教育中的学业成绩之间的关系。这些调查结果表明,有必要在拉丁美洲解决这一问题。建议在机构和教师的监督下进行跨学科、纵向、定性和定量的研究;研究结果将用于设计改善教育质量的干预措施。
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引用次数: 10
Cómo orientar la formación del personal docente nuevo hacia la adquisición de un paradigma sistémico 如何引导新教师的培训走向系统范式的习得
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-3.22
Luis Guillermo Barrantes-Montero
Recibido 14 de noviembre de 2014 • Corregido 5 de agosto de 2015 • Aceptado 14 de agosto de 2015 Mediante una distincion entre el paradigma disciplinario positivista, que segmenta el saber humano en disciplinas aisladas y el paradigma sistemico, que busca la integracion del conocimiento con el recurso a la inter y transdisciplinaridad, se senala la conveniencia y necesidad de preparar al personal docente nuevo en este ultimo. Se expone un ejemplo de como realizar la experiencia formativa segun el paradigma sistemico en un curso de Lectura avanzada en ingles, en una carrera de formacion de docentes.
2014年11月14日收到改进•2015年8月5日•止步于2015年8月14日通过该模式实证,纪律之间的分化人类知识的宝库偏远学科范式和sistemico,寻求知识integracion诉诸国际和transdisciplinaridad的新任教师和必要性准备在这个去年。本文提出了一种基于系统范式的形成经验在英语高级阅读课程中的应用。
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引用次数: 4
El desarrollo del juicio moral en Kohlberg como factor condicionante del rendimiento académico en ciencias sociales de un grupo de estudiantes de educación secundaria 科尔伯格道德判断的发展作为一群高中生社会科学学业成绩的决定因素
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-3.8
José Díaz-Serrano
This study aims at defining the relation between the students’ moral development level and their academic performance in the subject of Social Sciences-Geography, with the participation of twelve students enrolled in the third year of compulsory secondary education in school of Murcia, Spain. Kohlberg theorized the moral judgment development process in which people go through six stages, identifying in each one of them how we react when confronted with a moral dilemma; an instrument designed for this study, based on such theory, will allow us to know the stage of moral development of the participants. The results will reveal a tendency to a direct and positive relation, leading to the conclusion that it is interesting to examine the stage of moral judgment in the classroom. In addition, some educational and research recommendations are provided at the end of this paper.
本研究以西班牙穆尔西亚中学义务教育三年级的12名学生为研究对象,探讨学生道德发展水平与社会科学-地理学科成绩之间的关系。Kohlberg将道德判断的发展过程理论化,在这个过程中,人们会经历六个阶段,并在每个阶段确定我们在面临道德困境时的反应;基于这一理论,为本研究设计的工具将使我们能够了解参与者的道德发展阶段。结果将揭示一种直接和积极的关系的趋势,从而得出结论,即在课堂上检查道德判断的阶段是有趣的。此外,本文还提出了一些教育和研究建议。
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引用次数: 4
La metacognición: Una herramienta para promover un ambiente áulico inclusivo para estudiantes con discapacidad 元认知:为残疾学生促进包容性课堂环境的工具
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-3.10
Ana Patricia Vázquez-Chaves
This essay presents metacognition as a tool to promote a classroom environment inclusive for students with disabilities. It aims at promoting reflection on the methodology to address diversity within the classroom, considering the population with disabilities as one of the major groups to bear in mind. Within the conceptual approach, inclusive education is seen as the way to address diversity in the Costa Rican education system, where education is considered a fundamental human right. The Ministry of Public Education of Costa Rica is moving from a rehabilitative approach to an inclusive education approach. Metacognition is a way to raise awareness on the pedagogical mediation within the classroom environment. This paper includes results from a series of descriptive and qualitative studies conducted at Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, which demonstrate that many of the difficulties presented in the student population are due to methodological aspects and an inadequate delivery of the contents by the teachers. The methodology used helps us to understand the ways in which students perform the cognitive processes through metacognitive strategies. It is concluded that the teaching strategies proposed to meet the educational needs comprehensively is fundamental for achieving inclusive educational processes.
本文提出元认知作为一种工具来促进课堂环境对残疾学生的包容。它的目的是促进对课堂内处理多样性问题的方法的思考,考虑到残疾人口是要铭记在心的主要群体之一。在概念方法中,全纳教育被视为解决哥斯达黎加教育系统多样性的方法,教育被视为一项基本人权。哥斯达黎加公共教育部正在从康复方法转向包容性教育方法。元认知是提高课堂环境中教学中介意识的一种方式。本文包括在哥斯达黎加国立大学进行的一系列描述性和定性研究的结果,这些研究表明,学生群体中出现的许多困难是由于方法方面和教师提供的内容不足。所使用的方法论有助于我们理解学生通过元认知策略进行认知过程的方式。研究认为,全面满足教育需求的教学策略是实现全纳教育过程的基础。
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引用次数: 1
Los ambientes de aula que promueven el aprendizaje, desde la perspectiva de los niños y niñas escolares 从学生的角度来看,促进学习的教室环境
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-07-31 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-3.11
M. Pérez, M. E. Ramírez
Recibido 10 de febrero de 2015 • Corregido 14 de julio de 2015 • Aceptado 31 de julio de 2015El articulo que se presenta seguidamente se realizo con base en la investigacion3 relacionada con los ambientes escolares que propician el aprendizaje de los ninos y ninas. El objetivo planteado busco “determinar los factores fisicos y socioemocionales de los ambientes escolares que favorecen el aprendizaje”. Para tal efecto, la investigacion tuvo un enfoque mixto de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo de los diversos elementos fisicos y emocionales que inciden en el ambiente de aula y, por consiguiente, en el aprendizaje. Para efecto del presente articulo solo se hace referencia a los datos aportados por la poblacion infantil participante que correspondio a 307 ninos y ninas escolares de centros educativos publicos de seis provincias del pais, seleccionados intencionalmente, a traves de la coordinacion y negociacion con las autoridades de centros educativos que accedieron a participar. Los instrumentos empleados en la recopilacion de los datos fueron dos cuestionarios con preguntas cerradas y abiertas, un registro anecdotico y una guia con base en la cual se realizo la tecnica de observacion. El analisis de la informacion derivada de la tecnica y los instrumentos utilizados se elaboro complementando los datos cuantitativos con los cualitativos. Para la interpretacion de estos ultimos, se crearon categorias emergentes. Se espera que la informacion brindada por los ninos y ninas sea un insumo para que tanto las universidades como autoridades y docentes se sensibilicen ante la imperante necesidad de que los ambientes escolares sean esteticos, agradables, motivantes, comodos, limpios y promuevan la estabilidad emocional que todo ser humano requiere para que el proceso de aprendizaje sea exitoso.
收到2015年2月10日2015年7月14日改进••接受2015El 7月31日跟进了,随后我根据investigacion3与学校环境导致孩子和孩子的学习。目的寻找提出“确定因子fisicos和socioemocionales有利于学生学习环境”。在本研究中,我们分析了在课堂环境中学习的不同生理和情感因素,以及在课堂环境中学习的不同生理和情感因素。本跟进效果仅提到数据儿童人口的大部分参与者correspondio 307学校孩子和孩子教育机构publicos有意选择的六个国家,6个省,成败得失coordinacion negociacion与学校当局同意参加。仪器数据recopilacion两份调查表的问题封闭和开放,另有注册一个指南anecdotico和根据该技能,observacion。对所使用的技术和工具所产生的信息进行分析,以补充定量数据和定性数据。这样的,后期,创造了新兴categorias。预计提供的信息,孩子和孩子是一个输入为大学作为决策者和教师提高执政时,需要使学校环境esteticos愉快,让motivantes,舒适、清洁和促进稳定情绪,每个人需要学习过程是成功的。
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引用次数: 12
Movilidad de mujeres académicas en puestos de decisión: El caso de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica 女性学者在决策职位上的流动性:以哥斯达黎加国立大学为例
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-05-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-2.13
Doris Fernández-Carvajal, Paula Sequeira-Rovira
This article arises from a research work entitled “Institutional Diagnosis: Equity Relations between Men and Women at the National University: Second Phase,” performed in 2011 by the Institute of Women’s Studies. This study aims at “Analyzing, from a gender perspective, the social and labor conditions and positioning of those academic employees at the National University in order to determine the gender inequity gaps that restrict the full development of men and women.” This research was conducted by reviewing listings of people elected for decision-making positions from 1976 to mid-2009. This information was provided by the National University Elections Commission (TEUNA3, for its Spanish acronym). Interviews were made to women who, for the first time, held senior positions at this university and who are still working here. Among the main findings of this research is the gradual increase of women holding senior positions such as Rector, Dean and Director. Once the interviews had been transcribed, we proceeded to prepare the categories of analysis. When the university was first founded, most Dean’s positions were held by men. But throughout time –in the 2000s, equity regarding the number of men and women in this category was observed. In terms of management positions, faculties with a significant number of male academic employees   -such as Social Sciences, Earth and Ocean Sciences, and Natural Sciences, have little representation of women in these positions. This article finds that women positively evaluate their experience in senior positions since it has helped them grow and gain personal and professional confidence. They also highlighted a number of achievements and contributions made to their corresponding academic units.
本文源于妇女研究所2011年开展的一项名为“制度诊断:国立大学男女平等关系:第二阶段”的研究工作。本研究旨在“从性别角度分析国立大学学术人员的社会和劳动条件以及定位,以确定限制男女充分发展的性别不平等差距。”这项研究是通过回顾1976年至2009年中期当选决策职位的人员名单来进行的。这一资料由全国大学选举委员会(TEUNA3,其西班牙语首字母缩写)提供。采访对象是第一次在这所大学担任高级职位并仍在这里工作的女性。这项研究的主要发现之一是,担任校长、院长和主任等高级职位的女性逐渐增加。一旦采访记录下来,我们就着手准备分析的类别。当这所大学成立之初,院长职位大多由男性担任。但随着时间的推移,在21世纪初,这一类别中男性和女性的数量是平等的。在管理职位方面,拥有大量男性学术雇员的院系——如社会科学、地球与海洋科学和自然科学——在这些职位上几乎没有女性代表。这篇文章发现,女性积极评价自己在高级职位上的经历,因为它帮助她们成长,获得个人和职业信心。他们还着重介绍了各自学术单位的一些成就和贡献。
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引用次数: 3
Propuesta de un nuevo enfoque para reducir el abandono escolar en secundaria 提出了减少中学辍学率的新方法
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-05-01 DOI: 10.15359/ree.19-2.17
Mauricio Cristhian Portillo-Torres
From 2006 to 2014, the Ministry of Public Education of Costa Rica implemented four strategic actions to reduce high school dropout rates. The main purpose of these actions was to promote student participation and student identification with their school. Studies prepared by the Ministry of Education and the Comptroller of the Republic were revised to assess the impact of these actions. The result of these actions does not show an actual decrease in the number of students who leave high school. Therefore, a more holistic view is necessary to ensure the students’ stay. This review suggests using use the concept of student engagement and applying a three tier system-wide dropout preventive actions: universal, targeted and intensive.
2006年至2014年,哥斯达黎加公共教育部实施了四项战略行动,以降低高中辍学率。这些行动的主要目的是促进学生的参与和学生对学校的认同。修订了教育部和共和国主计长编写的研究报告,以评估这些行动的影响。这些行动的结果并没有显示出离开高中的学生人数实际减少。因此,更全面的观点是必要的,以确保学生的逗留。这篇综述建议使用学生参与的概念,并在全系统范围内采用三层预防辍学行动:普遍的、有针对性的和密集的。
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引用次数: 6
Necesidades de formación docente y desarrollo profesional en el área de la lectoescritura: Implicaciones del nuevo programa de español para I Ciclo de la Educación General Básica, en Costa Rica 阅读和写作领域的教师培训和专业发展需求:哥斯达黎加基础通识教育第一阶段新西班牙语课程的影响
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-05-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-2.8
Ana María Hernández-Segura, Luz Emilia Flores-Davis
This article considers the training and professional development of teachers in the literacy field, in order to analyze the implications of implementing the new Spanish program for Elementary Education in Costa Rica. For this purpose, the results obtained from questionnaires completed by current elementary teachers are shared, in order to get firsthand knowledge of their professional training and experience, as well as their training and pedagogical needs in the literacy field. Among the main findings of the research, it is considered as critical that the teachers’ own training and professional development regarding the initial processes of reading and writing allow them to fully comprehend the theoretical background of the Elementary Level Spanish Program; otherwise, there is a risk of misinterpretations and incorrect practices that might jeopardize the Program´s approach.
本文考虑识字领域教师的培训和专业发展,以分析哥斯达黎加实施新的西班牙语基础教育计划的影响。为此,分享现有小学教师完成的问卷调查结果,以获得他们的专业培训和经验的第一手资料,以及他们在识字领域的培训和教学需求。在研究的主要发现中,教师自身在阅读和写作的初始过程中的培训和专业发展被认为是至关重要的,这使他们能够充分理解初级西班牙语课程的理论背景;否则,就会有误解和不正确的做法的风险,这可能会危及项目的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Autoestima, adolescencia y pedagogía 自尊、青少年与教育学
IF 0.8 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15359/REE.19-1.13
Itzel Silva-Escorcia, Omar Mejía-Pérez
Self-esteem in teenagers is a very important matter first for teenagers, second for their educational process, and finally for education itself, as educated individuals are productive for society.  Self-esteem is the element that can significantly increase students’ academic motivation as well as a favorable emotional state to achieve adequate school performance and educational development, as an individual and as a collective subject aiming towards fulfillment.  It is very important that teachers know the self-reference elements that shape and nurture self-esteem in order to work with them as educational processes and thus fortify their holistic pedagogical task.
青少年的自尊是一个非常重要的问题,首先是青少年,其次是他们的教育过程,最后是教育本身,因为受过教育的人对社会是有生产力的。自尊是显著提高学生学习动机的因素,是学生作为个体和集体主体以实现为目标的良好学习表现和教育发展的良好情绪状态。教师了解塑造和培养自尊的自我参照元素是非常重要的,以便在教育过程中与他们一起工作,从而加强他们的整体教学任务。
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引用次数: 23
期刊
Revista Electronica Educare
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