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Super-Resolution Neural Network Models Comparison Metod for Brain MRI Images Based on PSNR and SSIM Metrics 基于PSNR和SSIM指标的脑MRI超分辨率神经网络模型比较方法
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.360-364
V. Gridin, A. Kiselev, V. Solodovnikov
The diagnosis of many diseases is largely possible thanks to MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging). This technology allows to study internal organs of the patient: the brain, spine, bones, joints, vessels and etc. The resolution of the MRI image is limited due to various factors: movement of the patient during the scan, the continuous movement of internal organs. The higher the quality of the MRI image, the longer it takes to scan. For more accurate diagnostics it is possible to increase resolution of the yielded images. This is achieved by using SISR(Single Image Super Resolution) algorithms, which allow you to obtain images with increased resolution from a single input image. In this paper the idea of the image super-resolution algorithms is presented, various forms of the problem and solutions to it are provided. The advantages of the SISR algorithms are described. The relevance of this task in the field of medical MRI images is explained. Metrics for comparing image quality PSNR and SSIM are given and described. A dataset for testing is presented. The stage of data preparation is described: the principle of selecting images from a set of datasets, converting data into the required format, compressing images to obtain input data for selected neural network models. The PSNR, SSIM metrics of two neural network models mDCSRN and FAWDN are measured on equally prepared input data. The comparison results are presented in the form of images and averaged data for the entire sample is stored in the table.
许多疾病的诊断在很大程度上要归功于MRI(磁共振成像)。这项技术可以研究病人的内部器官:大脑、脊柱、骨骼、关节、血管等。由于各种因素,MRI图像的分辨率受到限制:扫描过程中患者的运动,内部器官的持续运动。核磁共振成像图像的质量越高,扫描时间就越长。为了更准确的诊断,可以提高所得图像的分辨率。这是通过使用SISR(单图像超分辨率)算法实现的,该算法允许您从单个输入图像中获得具有更高分辨率的图像。本文提出了图像超分辨率算法的思想,给出了问题的各种形式和解决方法。描述了SISR算法的优点。此任务在医学MRI图像领域的相关性被解释。给出并描述了比较图像质量PSNR和SSIM的指标。给出了一个测试数据集。描述了数据准备阶段:从一组数据集中选择图像的原理,将数据转换成所需的格式,压缩图像以获得所选神经网络模型的输入数据。在同等准备的输入数据上测量了mDCSRN和FAWDN两种神经网络模型的PSNR和SSIM指标。比较结果以图像的形式呈现,整个样本的平均数据存储在表格中。
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引用次数: 0
Information Analysis of Historically Significant Territories at Various Time Stages of their Development 历史上重要领土在不同发展阶段的信息分析
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.365-373
Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Morozov, V. Nemtinov, Yu. V. Protasova
The paper describes: a structural scheme for representing knowledge about a historically significant territory, providing a formalized informational description of a three-dimensional space model; procedural model for determining the values of the characteristics of a virtual space object; the procedure for creating a realistic virtual model of a historically significant territory, according to which conclusions should be drawn about the development of Its development; carried out Informational analysis of inaccurate data from various primary sources using fuzzy set theory. The technology of creating a virtual historical space using the developed information-logical model and software environments 3DVista Virtual Tour Pro, Twinmotion is described. As a result, a virtual tour has been obtained, which can be used for various purposes: remote consideration of issues related to objects of historical reconstruction; teaching schoolchildren, students; passing educational quests.
本文描述了一个表示历史上重要领土的知识的结构方案,提供了一个三维空间模型的形式化信息描述;确定虚拟空间对象特征值的程序模型;创建具有历史意义的领土的现实虚拟模型的程序,根据该模型应得出有关其发展的结论;利用模糊集理论对各种主要来源的不准确数据进行信息分析。介绍了利用开发的信息逻辑模型和3DVista virtual Tour Pro、Twinmotion软件环境创建虚拟历史空间的技术。因此,获得了虚拟之旅,可以用于各种目的:远程考虑与历史重建对象相关的问题;教小学生、学生;通过教育任务。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of Augmented Reality Technologies and Georeferencing Data for the Construction of Water Supply Systems 在供水系统建设中使用增强现实技术和地理参考数据
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.344-350
Y. Lvovich, A. P. X. A. P. Preobrazhensky, Y. Preobrazhensky, T. V. Avetisyan
The use of mobile devices, especially smartphones and mobile technology has increased significantly. Accordingly, various applications have been developed to meet the needs of mobile users, which include navigation. The integration of these applications with maps and various localization technologies such as augmented reality (AR) will improve the reliability of navigation systems for wayfinding under certain constraints. AR allows the user to experience an interactive environment by observing the real world augmented by digital objects. However, this technology cannot store and control data. A geospatial information system (GIS) provides storage, visualization, and analysis of geospatial data that can be used to address the challenges and shortcomings of AR. In addition, the capabilities offered by GIS can be useful for achieving sustainability goals in areas such as effective planning and resource allocation. Traditional GIS, especially two-dimensional maps, provide a weak intuitive experience for users, leading to difficulties in interpreting the map and reaching conclusions. Therefore, AR can be used as a bridge between 2D and 3D visualization. The involvement of GIS in human activities and the transition of AR use from traditional terrain outreach to industrial applications makes it worthwhile to integrate GIS with AR to benefit from the two technologies simultaneously. The simultaneous visualization of real and virtual geospatial information leads to an interactive approach. The paper analyzes the capabilities of augmented reality and geo-referenced data approaches for the construction of water systems, describes their weaknesses and strengths, notes the main characteristics of the logistic regression algorithm and considers the tasks performed by this algorithm. A comparative analysis of the algorithms is carried out.
移动设备,特别是智能手机和移动技术的使用显著增加。因此,开发了各种应用程序来满足移动用户的需求,其中包括导航。这些应用程序与地图和各种定位技术(如增强现实(AR))的集成将提高导航系统在某些限制条件下寻路的可靠性。AR允许用户通过观察由数字对象增强的现实世界来体验交互式环境。然而,这种技术不能存储和控制数据。地理空间信息系统(GIS)提供地理空间数据的存储、可视化和分析,可用于解决AR的挑战和缺点。此外,GIS提供的功能可用于实现诸如有效规划和资源分配等领域的可持续性目标。传统的GIS,特别是二维地图,为用户提供的直观体验较弱,导致在解释地图和得出结论方面存在困难。因此,AR可以作为2D和3D可视化之间的桥梁。地理信息系统在人类活动中的参与以及AR使用从传统的地形扩展到工业应用的转变使得将地理信息系统与AR结合起来同时从两种技术中受益是值得的。真实和虚拟地理空间信息的同时可视化导致了一种交互式方法。本文分析了增强现实和地理参考数据方法在水系统建设中的能力,描述了它们的优缺点,指出了逻辑回归算法的主要特点,并考虑了该算法所执行的任务。对算法进行了对比分析。
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引用次数: 0
Equalizer of Amplitude-Frequency Response of Acoustic Channels and its Adaptive Filter Based on Recursive Least Squares Algorithm with Diagonalized Correlation Matrix 基于对角化相关矩阵递推最小二乘算法的声道幅频响应均衡器及其自适应滤波
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.335-344
V. Djigan
The paper presents an equalizer of the amplitude-frequency response of the acoustic wave propagation channels in the rooms. The considered equalizer uses the so-called modified architecture based on the adaptive filter with the input signal filtering, which weights are calculated using the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm. The equalizer of the acoustic channels amplitude-frequency response usually requires the usage of the adaptive filters with the large number of weighs that means the large computational complexity of the adaptive filter. The adaptive filters based on the fast RLS algorithms are efficient in the terms of their complexity but often unstable if the number of adaptive filter weights is large. Therefore, the algorithms are poorly suited for usage in the amplitude-frequency response equalizers of the acoustic channels. Adaptive filters based on the RLS algorithm, which use the Matrix Inversion Lemma (MIL), are stable, but computationally complex. The equalizer presented in this paper uses a simplified adaptive filter based on the MIL RLS algorithm with a diagonalized correlation matrix of the filter input signal. In addition, in the filter, each of the square submatrices on the simplified correlation matrix diagonal is inverted using a computationally efficient version of the MIL that takes into account the symmetrical structure of the mentioned submatrices relatively their main diagonals. Computer simulation confirms the performance of the proposed equalizer and demonstrates its efficiency comparing to the unsimplified equalizer. The demo includes the graphs of the equalizer steady-state amplitude-frequency response, the acoustic channel amplitude-frequency responses before and after the equalization, and the power spectral density plots of the equalizer input signal and the signals passed through the equalizer and the acoustic medium. The equalizer can be used in the equipment for the high-quality voice and music reproduction in the conditions of the limited computing resources for the implementation of the equalizer.
本文提出了一种室内声波传播通道幅频响应均衡器。所考虑的均衡器使用了所谓的基于自适应滤波器和输入信号滤波的改进架构,其权重使用递归最小二乘(RLS)算法计算。声道幅频响应均衡器通常需要使用权重较大的自适应滤波器,这意味着自适应滤波器的计算复杂度较大。基于快速RLS算法的自适应滤波器在复杂度方面是有效的,但在自适应滤波器权重较大时往往不稳定。因此,这些算法不太适合用于声道的幅频响应均衡器。基于RLS算法的自适应滤波器使用矩阵反演引理(MIL),稳定,但计算量大。本文提出的均衡器采用了一种基于MIL - RLS算法的简化自适应滤波器,滤波器输入信号具有对角化的相关矩阵。此外,在滤波器中,简化相关矩阵对角线上的每个方子矩阵都使用MIL的计算效率版本进行反转,该版本考虑了所述子矩阵相对于其主要对角线的对称结构。计算机仿真验证了该均衡器的性能,并与未简化的均衡器进行了比较。演示包括均衡器稳态幅频响应图、均衡前后声通道幅频响应图、均衡器输入信号和经过均衡器及声介质的信号的功率谱密度图。该均衡器可用于在计算资源有限的条件下实现高质量的语音和音乐再现。
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引用次数: 0
Obtaining polymer composite materials based on zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized in a plasma discharge under the action of ultrasound 获得了在超声作用下等离子体放电合成的氧化锌纳米颗粒聚合物复合材料
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2023.15.161
N. Bulychev, Yuri G. Mikhailov
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and samples of films of polymer composite materials on their basis were obtained and studied. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in a plasma discharge under the action of ultrasonic cavitation. To create composites with a homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles, solution technology was used, and then melt compounding technology. Composite materials based on a copolymer of polyethylene and vinyl acetate and zinc oxide nanoparticles were obtained, and not sonicated and sonicated nanoparticles were used. The obtained samples of composite materials were studied by X-ray phase analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that there are differences between the samples: in the case of nanoparticles without ultrasonic treatment, the particles are more strongly aggregated inside the composite material and their average size is visually larger than in the case of a sample with nanoparticles subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
合成了氧化锌纳米颗粒,并在此基础上制备了聚合物复合材料薄膜样品。在超声空化作用下,在等离子体放电中合成了氧化锌纳米颗粒。为了制备纳米颗粒均匀分布的复合材料,首先采用溶液技术,然后采用熔融复合技术。制备了聚乙烯与醋酸乙烯共聚物和氧化锌纳米粒子的复合材料,并采用了非超声纳米粒子和超声纳米粒子。采用x射线相分析、x射线荧光分析和扫描电镜对复合材料样品进行了研究。结果表明,样品之间存在差异:未经超声处理的纳米颗粒在复合材料内部聚集更强烈,其平均尺寸视觉上大于经超声处理的纳米颗粒样品。
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引用次数: 0
Obtaining of titanium dioxide (rutile) particles on the surface of reduced graphene oxide in supercritical isopropanol 超临界异丙醇还原氧化石墨烯表面二氧化钛(金红石)颗粒的制备
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2023.15.153
Yu. A. Groshkova, S. V. Kraevskii, E. Buslaeva
Sequential synthesis of rutile modification titanium oxide particles on reduced graphene oxide in supercritical isopropanol is described. In this case, only graphene oxide was reduced to reduced graphene oxide. A one-stage method (one-pot) was also developed for the preparation of rutile particles on reduced graphene oxide, where supercritical isopropanol was the graphene oxide reducing agent and the reaction medium. The resulting composites were studied using X-ray phase analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force spectroscopy methods.
介绍了在超临界异丙醇条件下,还原氧化石墨烯上顺序合成金红石改性氧化钛颗粒。在这种情况下,只有氧化石墨烯被还原为还原氧化石墨烯。以超临界异丙醇为氧化石墨烯还原剂和反应介质,建立了在还原氧化石墨烯上制备金红石颗粒的一步法(一锅法)。利用x射线相分析、透射电子显微镜和原子力谱等方法对复合材料进行了研究。
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引用次数: 0
In Memory of Nikolay N. Zalogin 纪念尼古拉·n·扎洛金
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2023.15.201
V. I. Grachev
Information is presented about the deceased Nikolai Nikolayevich Zalogin, Ph.D., Leading Researcher in Laboratory of Physical Fundamentals of Nanocomposite Materials for Information Technology, Department of Physical Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics, Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, a well-known specialist in the field of generation of microwave noise oscillations, their application in electronic warfare, radar and processing of broadband signals based on dynamic chaos, Laureate of the USSR State Prize and two awards of the USSR Council of Ministers: basic biographical data, training at the Moscow Physical and Technical Institute, work in the Kotelnikov IRE (Moscow), PhD thesis defense, authorship of more than 120 scientific papers in scientific journals and one monograph, participation in Russian and international conferences and seminars, participation in field work and testing of developed systems.
介绍了已故的Nikolai Nikolayevich Zalogin博士,他是俄罗斯科学院科捷尔尼科夫无线电工程和电子学研究所纳米电子物理基础系信息技术纳米复合材料物理基础实验室首席研究员,是微波噪声振荡产生及其在电子战中的应用领域的知名专家。基于动态混沌的宽带信号雷达和处理,苏联国家奖获得者和苏联部长会议的两个奖项:基本履历资料,在莫斯科物理技术研究所接受培训,在科捷尔尼科夫研究所(莫斯科)工作,博士论文答辩,在科学期刊上发表120多篇科学论文和一本专著,参加俄罗斯和国际会议和研讨会,参与实地工作和开发系统的测试。
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引用次数: 0
Development of AUC diagrams for analysis of interhemispheric asymmetry of amplitude-frequency characteristics of EEG to detect delayed cerebral ischemia induced by non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage 非外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血致迟发性脑缺血的脑电图振幅频率特征的半球间不对称性的AUC图的建立
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2023.15.139
O. Sushkova, A. Morozov, I. Kershner, I. V. Okuneva, M. Sinkin
The article describes a new type of AUC diagrams intended for the analysis of interhemispheric asymmetry of amplitude-frequency characteristics of electroencephalograms (EEG) of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, as well as a new type of head maps named maps of interhemispheric asymmetry of EEG. AUC diagrams are a new statistical tool for identifying regularities in biomedical signals. The idea of AUC diagrams is to visually represent the dependence of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) when comparing data samples from the bounds of the range of given characteristic of this data, for example, frequency or amplitude, etc. The article demonstrates that this principle of data analysis allows us to identify some signs of postoperative complications that may occur in patients undergoing intensive care unit. It is known that the signs of such complications are changes in the amplitude and frequency of EEG oscillations in the neurophysiological frequency ranges delta, theta, alpha, and beta; however, amplitude changes can be caused by other reasons including the state of sleep and exposure to pharmacological drugs. Changes in the amplitude caused by postoperative complications can be revealed by analysis of the interhemispheric asymmetry of the patient's EEG. The developed type of AUC diagrams and interhemispheric EEG asymmetry maps help to automate such EEG analysis. The effectiveness of the developed statistical tools was demonstrated by the analysis of data in two patients with clinically confirmed delayed cerebral ischemia induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage.
本文介绍了一种用于分析蛛网膜下腔出血患者脑电图幅频特征半球间不对称的新型AUC图,以及一种新型脑电半球间不对称图。AUC图是识别生物医学信号规律的一种新的统计工具。AUC图的思想是在比较数据样本时,直观地表示ROC曲线下面积(AUC)的依赖关系,这些样本来自该数据的给定特征范围的边界,例如频率或幅度等。本文表明,这一数据分析原则使我们能够识别重症监护病房患者可能发生的术后并发症的一些迹象。众所周知,这些并发症的症状是脑电图在δ、θ、α和β神经生理频率范围内振幅和频率的变化;然而,振幅变化可能由其他原因引起,包括睡眠状态和接触药物。术后并发症引起的振幅变化可以通过分析患者脑电图的半球间不对称性来揭示。开发的AUC图和脑半球间不对称图有助于自动化这种脑电分析。通过对两例经临床证实的蛛网膜下腔出血所致迟发性脑缺血患者的数据分析,证明了所开发的统计工具的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Holographic processing of hydroacoustic information using linear antennas 利用线性天线全息处理水声信息
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2023.15.169
V. Kuz’kin, S. Pereselkov, Yuri V. Matvienko, V. I. Grachev, S. Tkachenko, N. P. Stadnaya
The formation of an interferogram and a hologram of a moving underwater noise source using linear antennas is considered. The relationship between the spectral density of the hologram and the aperture and the angular dependence of the received field is derived. Antenna gain has been estimated. The issue of the limiting signal-to-noise ratio at which the holographic processing remains operational is discussed. An analytical expression is obtained that establishes a relationship between the signal/noise ratios at the output and input of the antenna. Conditions are formulated under which the interferogram of the source is not distorted.
研究了利用线性天线形成水下运动噪声源的干涉图和全息图。导出了全息图的光谱密度与孔径的关系以及接收场的角度依赖性。对天线增益进行了估计。讨论了全息处理保持可操作的极限信噪比问题。得到了一个解析表达式,该表达式建立了天线输出端和输入端的信噪比之间的关系。给出了源干涉图不失真的条件。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling of thermoelectrical processes in a power MOSFET modules 功率MOSFET模块热电过程建模
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2023.15.117
V. Smirnov, A. M. Hodakov, A. A. Gavrikov
The paper represents thermal model of power MOSFET module based on a transistors mounted on copper-ceramic DBC (Direct Bond Copper) plate. The analysis of thermal processes in the module caused by pulse heating of particular transistors was performed by the finite elements method using COMSOL Multiphysics. The model performs estimation of the temperature field on the DBC plate and transistors overheat temperature. The modeling results was compared to the experiment – thermal impedance matrix measured by the modulation method using the heating power modulated by the harmonic law. Analysis of the data obtained allows to conclude that the calculated and experimental values of the dies overheating temperature are in good agreement with each other and confirms the correctness of the developed thermal power module model
本文给出了基于铜陶瓷DBC (Direct Bond Copper)板上晶体管的功率MOSFET模块的热模型。采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件,对特定晶体管的脉冲加热引起的模块热过程进行了有限元分析。该模型对DBC板的温度场和晶体管过热温度进行了估计。并将模拟结果与实验结果进行了对比——利用谐波调制的加热功率调制方法测得的热阻抗矩阵。对所得数据的分析表明,模具过热温度的计算值与实验值吻合较好,证实了所建立的热功率模块模型的正确性
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引用次数: 0
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Radioelektronika, Nanosistemy, Informacionnye Tehnologii
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