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Methods for Monitoring and Diagnosing Space Communication and Orientation Subsystems 空间通信与定位子系统监测与诊断方法
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.290-295
O. Shishkin
Monitoring of the state and behavior of spacecraft subsystems based on telemetry data is designed to continuously perform the tasks of controlling, controlling and maintaining the technical characteristics of a spacecraft. Increasing requirements for the characteristics of monitoring methods inevitably leads to a revision of the control technologies used and the need to create a scientific and technical reserve in the form of approaches, methods and technologies for building promising competitive space technology, including: technologies for building integrated information support for solving the problems of monitoring spacecraft subsystems; applied object-oriented systems of artificial intelligence, neural networks and high-performance computing for control, diagnostics and decision support. Currently, the following issues of monitoring the fault tolerance and reliability of space systems are relevant: the development of concepts for flight control centers that control multi-satellite systems and imply high reliability, processing of extra-large amounts of information, autonomy of operation, transfer offunctions on board, reduced human participation in control; analysis of possible failures; substantiation of the use of the on-board system for diagnostics, monitoring and localization of failures and malfunctions, restoration of working capacity; ensuring the maximum achievable (close to absolute) safety, eliminating the catastrophic consequences of possible failures of individual elements and subsystems; development and improvement of the methodology for setting requirements, assessing and controlling the quality and reliability of spacecraft and their components; improvement of international standardization of commercial rocket and space technology; optimal integrated risk management of space activities. The work is devoted to the control and diagnostics of subsystems of communication and orientation of the spacecraft. An artificial neural network, pair and multiple correlation functions are used as a mathematical apparatus to support the operator's decision making. It is shown that the methods make it possible to detect malfunctions and failures of sensors in real time. Calculations based on data obtained from spacecraft sensors are presented.
基于遥测数据的航天器子系统状态和行为监测旨在连续执行控制、控制和维持航天器技术特性的任务。对监测方法特性的要求日益增加,必然导致对所使用的控制技术进行修订,并需要建立一种科学和技术储备,其形式是建立有前途的竞争性空间技术的途径、方法和技术,包括:建立解决监测航天器子系统问题的综合信息支助的技术;应用面向对象系统的人工智能,神经网络和高性能计算控制,诊断和决策支持。目前,与空间系统容错和可靠性监测相关的问题有:控制多卫星系统的飞行控制中心概念的发展,这意味着高可靠性、超大数量信息的处理、操作自主性、机载传递功能、减少人在控制中的参与;分析可能出现的故障;证实车载系统用于诊断、监测和定位故障和故障,以及恢复工作能力;确保可实现的最大(接近绝对)安全性,消除单个元件和子系统可能发生故障的灾难性后果;发展和改进制订要求、评估和控制航天器及其部件的质量和可靠性的方法;促进商业火箭和航天技术的国际标准化;空间活动的最佳综合风险管理。该工作致力于航天器通信和定位子系统的控制和诊断。利用人工神经网络、对和多重相关函数作为数学工具来支持操作者的决策。结果表明,该方法可以实时检测传感器的故障和失效。给出了基于航天器传感器数据的计算方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Methodology for Determining the Most Critical Nodes of the Information Network Infrastructures in Order to Ensure Cybersecurity 确定信息网络基础设施最关键节点以确保网络安全的方法
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.296-306
A. Kozlov, N. Noga
Based on the conducted research of the influence of various parameters on the values of information and cybersecurity risks in the functioning of enterprises and organizations that widely use elements of the digital economy and have a network structure, the need for timely identification of critical nodes in the network structures used has been established. The authors propose the methodology for determining the most critical nodes of network information infrastructures to ensure their operability and the necessary level of cybersecurity. The methodology bases on the combined use of fuzzy logic, regression analysis and ranking methods in the context of the dependence of information and cybersecurity risk on many different parameters. The authors propose to solve the problem of determining the most critical nodes of network information infrastructures in two stages. At the first stage, the methods of fuzzy logic and regression analysis determine the set of parameters that most affect the value of the cybersecurity risk for the considerate network nodes. At the second stage, we identify the most critical nodes by the method of ranking nodes according to the parameters determined at the first stage. The use of the proposed methodology makes it possible to identify the most critical nodes of the network infrastructure in a timely manner, to plan the set of measures to maintain it at the required level of operability, as well as minimize possible damage and consequences from the implementation of existing threats.
通过对广泛使用数字经济要素并具有网络结构的企业和组织在运行过程中各种参数对信息价值和网络安全风险影响的研究,确定了及时识别所使用的网络结构中的关键节点的必要性。作者提出了确定网络信息基础设施最关键节点的方法,以确保其可操作性和必要的网络安全水平。该方法在信息和网络安全风险依赖于许多不同参数的背景下,结合使用模糊逻辑、回归分析和排序方法。本文提出分两个阶段解决网络信息基础设施最关键节点的确定问题。在第一阶段,采用模糊逻辑和回归分析的方法,确定对考虑网络节点的网络安全风险值影响最大的参数集。在第二阶段,我们根据第一阶段确定的参数,采用节点排序的方法来识别最关键的节点。使用拟议的方法可以及时确定网络基础设施的最关键节点,规划一套措施,使其保持所需的可操作性水平,并尽量减少实施现有威胁可能造成的损害和后果。
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引用次数: 0
Digitalization of Production and Export of the Kazakhstan's Electric, Agricultural Machines, Taking into Account the Experience of Russia (Technological and Legal Problems) 哈萨克斯坦电力和农业机械生产和出口的数字化,考虑俄罗斯的经验(技术和法律问题)
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.316-325
M. Sarsembayev
Digital production and export means the introduction of digital technologies into the production process of transport and agricultural machinery of the Republic of Kazakhstan in cooperation with Russia with subsequent export deliveries. The relevance of this topic lies in the justification that digital technologies and law ensure the efficiency of these plants. This goal can be achieved in the future by solving the problems of implementing the industrial Internet of Things, Big Data, augmented reality, artificial intelligence systems, 3D-printing. In the order of forecasting, new Kazakh laws on the digitalization of mechanical engineering are proposed for development and adoption, taking into account the legislative and technological experience of Russia, as well as new international universal conventions on the procedure for solving global problems of digital technologies in the field of industry and mechanical engineering. This research was carried out with the financial support of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (IRN grant No. AP09261449).
数字化生产和出口是指与俄罗斯合作,将数字技术引入哈萨克斯坦共和国运输和农业机械的生产过程,随后进行出口交付。这个话题的相关性在于数字技术和法律确保这些工厂效率的合理性。通过解决实施工业物联网、大数据、增强现实、人工智能系统、3d打印等问题,未来可以实现这一目标。在预测的顺序上,考虑到俄罗斯的立法和技术经验,以及关于解决工业和机械工程领域数字技术全球问题的程序的新的国际普遍公约,提出了新的哈萨克斯坦机械工程数字化法律,以供制定和采用。这项研究是在哈萨克斯坦共和国科学和高等教育部科学委员会的资助下进行的(IRN拨款号:AP09261449)。
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引用次数: 0
Using Consulting and External Expertise in the Digital Transformation of Russian Corporations 在俄罗斯企业的数字化转型中使用咨询和外部专业知识
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29/326-332
D. Pashchenko
The paper considers the possibilities of developing management methods in the implementation of digital transformation programs for Russian corporations with a focus on industries through the use of specialized IT consulting. The article compares consulting teChnologies for various subjeCt areas and highlights the neCessary modifiCations to solve problems in the digitalization of industry. The promising approach of "technological tunnel" has the necessary modifications. To be successfully applied in an environment of rapid technological evolution, high uncertainty of external economic factors and various restrictions that have become significant since 2020. The proposed approach can be recommended for practical application in industrial enterprises during digital transformation.
本文考虑了通过使用专门的IT咨询,为俄罗斯企业制定实施数字化转型计划的管理方法的可能性。本文对不同学科领域的咨询技术进行了比较,并强调了解决工业数字化问题的必要改进。有前途的“技术隧道”方法有必要的修改。成功应用于技术快速发展、外部经济因素高度不确定性和各种限制的环境,这些因素自2020年以来变得显著。该方法可为工业企业数字化转型的实际应用提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Ensuring Information Security of OLAP-Containing Distributed Electronic Systems using Blockchain Technology 利用区块链技术确保包含olap的分布式电子系统的信息安全
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.250-256
G. Nabibayova
The article outlines the properties of blockchain technology, according to which the content of blockchain blocks is immutable and the use of a peer-to-peer (P2P) network implies decentralized management. It describes the essence and meaning of smart-contracts and smart-views derived from them, which are involved in the process of data analysis and decision making. The article considers the papers devoted to various approaches to the problem of integration of blockchain technology and data storage. To ensure all three key aspects of information security — the integrity, availability and confidentiality of information, which is important for both government and corporate structures, the article proposes to use a private blockchain, instead of a public one. A modification of the model of an electronic decision support system containing an OLAP block, which includes a private blockchain, is developed. It is shown that this DSS model can be used as an electronic demographic DSS, which is an infrastructure for solving state problems in this area, since many of the characteristics of this model correspond to the multisectoral nature of demography.
本文概述了区块链技术的特性,根据该特性,区块链块的内容是不可变的,点对点(P2P)网络的使用意味着分散的管理。描述了数据分析和决策过程中涉及的智能合约及其衍生的智能视图的本质和含义。本文考虑了致力于解决区块链技术和数据存储集成问题的各种方法的论文。为了确保信息安全的所有三个关键方面——信息的完整性、可用性和机密性,这对政府和企业结构都很重要,文章建议使用私有区块链,而不是公共区块链。开发了包含OLAP块的电子决策支持系统模型的修改,其中包括私有区块链。研究表明,由于该模型的许多特征与人口统计学的多部门性质相对应,因此该模型可以用作电子人口统计决策支持系统,这是解决该领域国家问题的基础设施。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a Tetrahedral Mesh Generator Based on Constrained Delaunay Triangulation 基于约束Delaunay三角剖分的四面体网格生成器的研制
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.257-266
Y. Dimitrienko, I. Bogdanov
The article describes the basic principles of operation of the finite element mesh generator SMCMGrid, which is an integral part of the SMCM software package designed to solve problems in the mechanics of composite materials and structures, which was developed at the Scientific-educational center on supercomputer modeling and software engineering of Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU SIMPLEX CENTER). The paper describes a software pipeline for constructing high-quality tetrahedral unstructured meshes for arbitrary shape B-rep models based on constrained Delaunay triangulation. We have presented the main algorithms for generating meshes on the edges and surfaces of the model, which make it possible to create the so-called simplicial complex, for which it is then possible to construct a constrained Delaunay triangulation and create the final tetrahedral mesh of the required quality. The mesh is generated in a Riemannian space with a given metric that takes into account the required characteristics of the mesh at each point of the geometric model. We gave examples of finite element meshes for various geometric models of engineering structure elements, including composite materials, and also demonstrated the adequacy of the results of solving the elasticity problem on a mesh built using the SMCMGrid generator. The results of the work led to the conclusion that the presented generator can be used to solve problems of engineering analysis and modeling.
本文介绍了有限元网格生成器SMCMGrid的基本工作原理。SMCMGrid是莫斯科国立鲍曼工业大学超级计算机建模和软件工程科学教育中心(BMSTU SIMPLEX center)开发的用于解决复合材料和结构力学问题的SMCM软件包的组成部分。本文描述了一种基于约束Delaunay三角剖分的高质量四面体非结构化网格的软件流水线。我们已经提出了在模型的边缘和表面上生成网格的主要算法,这使得创建所谓的简单复合体成为可能,然后可以构建约束德劳内三角剖分并创建所需质量的最终四面体网格。网格在黎曼空间中生成,具有给定的度量,该度量考虑了几何模型每个点的网格所需特征。我们给出了包括复合材料在内的各种工程结构单元几何模型的有限元网格实例,并证明了SMCMGrid生成器在网格上求解弹性问题的结果的充分性。工作结果表明,该生成器可用于解决工程分析和建模问题。
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引用次数: 0
nline Tutoring System "Kak Eto Rabotaet: Algoritmy" 在线辅导系统“Kak Eto Rabotaet:算法”
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.267-276
M. Denisov, O. Sychev, G. Terekhov
The article describes the features and architecture of intelligent online tutor "Kak eto rabotaet: Algoritmy", which is based on modelling subject-domain concepts on the comprehension level of Bloom's taxonomy. It is designed for learning basic algorithmic structures — sequences, selection statements, and loops — using the task of building an execution trace of the given algorithm. The tutor analyzes the student's solution step by step and displays explanatory messages for every error right after it happens; the error messages include the violated domain rules and their consequences in the specific situation. It can also hint the next correct step with textual explanation of why it is correct. It allows reliable learning of new concepts without control of each exercise from the human teachers which significantly increases the number of exercises learners can perform during a course. A control-flow diagram of the algorithm can be visualized; when the student makes an error, it is displayed with a red line on the diagram. The tutor is based on the formal model of subject domain implement using Apache Jena rules over RDF graph. Teachers can create learning problems using block-based interface and them, receiving links that can be sent to their students. Students can also use the tutor on their own to explore examples of interest to them.
本文描述了基于Bloom分类法理解层次上对学科领域概念建模的智能在线辅导“Kak eto协作算法”的特点和体系结构。它被设计用于学习基本的算法结构——序列、选择语句和循环——使用构建给定算法的执行跟踪的任务。导师一步一步地分析学生的解决方案,并在每个错误发生后立即显示解释性信息;错误消息包括违反的域规则及其在特定情况下的后果。它也可以暗示下一个正确的步骤,文本解释为什么它是正确的。它允许可靠地学习新概念,而无需控制人类教师的每个练习,这大大增加了学习者在课程中可以执行的练习数量。该算法的控制流程图可以可视化;当学生犯了一个错误,它显示在图表上的红线。该导师基于主题领域的形式化模型,使用Apache Jena规则在RDF图上实现。教师可以使用基于块的界面和它们创建学习问题,接收可以发送给学生的链接。学生也可以自己使用导师来探索他们感兴趣的例子。
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引用次数: 0
On the Problem of Efficient Management of Homogeneous Products Supply Chains to Various Customers 面向不同客户的同质产品供应链的高效管理问题研究
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.227-236
R. Valeev, M. V. Shadrina, V. V. Bautov, A. Valeeva
he article considers the Logistics_SAP task which combines a number of subtasks that arise when fulfilling orders for some homogeneous products to various customers: managing the supply and purchase of the necessary raw materials for the manufactured products; inventory management; search for the optimal route of delivering products to various customers, taking into account their best placement in motor vehicles (MV). It is proposed that the listed subtasks should be integrated as an eXternal system into some modules in SAP to ensure efficient supply chain management with the orders for the manufactured products. Mathematical models, algorithms of the considered tasks and a real world eXample are provided in the article.
本文考虑了Logistics_SAP任务,该任务结合了向不同客户履行一些同类产品订单时产生的许多子任务:管理制造产品所需原材料的供应和采购;库存管理;考虑到产品在机动车辆(MV)中的最佳位置,寻找将产品交付给不同客户的最佳路线。提出将所列出的子任务作为一个外部系统集成到SAP的一些模块中,以确保有效的供应链管理与成品订单。本文提供了数学模型、所考虑任务的算法和一个真实世界的示例。
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引用次数: 0
Phase Transitions in the Reduction of the Traveling Salesman Problem and the Two-Level Cooperative Assignment Problem 旅行商问题与两层合作分配问题约简中的相变
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.236-242
A. M. Sheveleva, S. A. Belyaev
The paper considers algorithms for reducing the NP-hard traveling salesman problem to a two-level cooperative assignment problem and vice versa. The accuracy of the information of both algorithms is demonstrated by an example. Using the known conditions of the phase transition in the traveling salesman problem, copies of the problem were created, on which a computational experiment was subsequently carried out. The experiment is aimed at demonstrating the conservation of the phase transition when reducing one problem to another.
本文研究了将NP-hard旅行商问题简化为两级合作分配问题的算法,反之亦然。通过算例验证了两种算法的信息准确性。利用旅行推销员问题中已知的相变条件,建立了该问题的副本,并在此基础上进行了计算实验。这个实验的目的是证明当把一个问题转化为另一个问题时,相变是守恒的。
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引用次数: 0
The Pareto Principle in the Functions Approximating Processing the Results of Psychological and Sociological Research 函数逼近处理中的帕累托原理:心理学和社会学研究的结果
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.17587/it.29.243-249
O. F. Dvornikova, I. M. Tatarnikova, S. V. Dvornikov
The possibilities of approximating functions in the processing of large data arrays of the results of psychological and sociological research are analyzed. An approach to the processing of areas limited by approximating functions is substantiated in accordance with the Pareto principle. Threshold values are obtained that ensure the division of areas in the ratio 1/4 for the most frequently used for approximating the results of studies of approximating functions. The conformity of the law of distribution of histograms of scientific achievements of scientists, approximating them with curves, according to Pearson's goodness-of-fit criterion is checked.
分析了近似函数在处理心理学和社会学研究结果的大数据数组中的可能性。根据帕累托原理,提出了一种处理由近似函数限制的区域的方法。对于近似函数研究结果中最常用的近似,得到了保证以1/4的比例划分区域的阈值。根据皮尔逊拟合优度准则,检验了用曲线逼近科学家科研成果直方图分布规律的符合性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Radioelektronika, Nanosistemy, Informacionnye Tehnologii
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