Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-657-665
Arina Smirnova, A. Shevtsov, Shao-jie Chen
Introduction. The gradual depletion of hydrocarbon condensate fields is already forcing the industry to pay attention to those sources, which are included to the off-spec and difficult to recover categories. Therefore, the study of reservoir permeability, associated with the pore-fractured structure of coal, is the most important parameter in the unconventional gas resources development, which determines both economic efficiency and approaches to the development of such deposits. In this regard, the investigation on permeability distribution of coal seams over an area is critical to fairway selection and coal bed methane resource assessment. The research objective. The factors analysis that affect the permeability value change of the Tutuyasskaya area, situated in the southern part of the Kuznetsk Basin in Russian Federation. Materials and methods. Within the framework of the research, target coal seams were selected that have sufficient data for the permeability primary assessment. As a result of wells exploration drilling in the productive coal seams intervals, core sampling was carried out by removable core and gas sampler to investigate their methane content, as well as sampling for technological, sorption and petro graphic analysis. Results. The primary visual assessment allows to conclude that a high (for unconventional reservoir) permeability is predicted almost equally in all the investigated coal seams. For a more specific assessment of the predicted endogenous fracturing and permeability of the target coal seams, the results of petro graphic analysis were used. Therefore, high permeability values were almost equally expected in all the investigated coal seams because of the dominated vitrinite group minerals, a medium coal rank and a developed network of endogenous fractures. Dynamic well tests were used to quantify the filtration parameters of coal seams and permeability. The results obtained showed a different amount of coal seams permeability despite the same tendency to high permeability. Moreover, the permeability of coal seams in the southern part of the Tutuyasskaya area of Kuzbass does not depend on the depth of the seam, but on the main stresses acting in the rock mass, the influence of exogenous fracturing and the presence of a faults near the penetrated coal seam. The results of 1D geo-mechanical modeling allowed to conclude that higher permeability values of the investigated coal seams are associated with a minimal difference between geostatic and horizontal stresses with conditions of almost equilateral volumetric compression. Furthermore, lower permeability values can be explained by the influence of exogenous fracturing, which reduces filtration characteristics. Conclusions. The analysis of cores from investigated wells in the southern part of the Tutuyasskaya area of Kuzbass showed the tendency to high permeability of the coal seams as for unconventional reservoirs. Dynamic well tests of coal seams have shown that the pr
{"title":"Analysis of factors affecting the coal seams distribution permeability in the southern part of the Tutuyasskaya Area of the Kuznetsk Basin, Russia","authors":"Arina Smirnova, A. Shevtsov, Shao-jie Chen","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-657-665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-657-665","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The gradual depletion of hydrocarbon condensate fields is already forcing the industry to pay attention to those sources, which are included to the off-spec and difficult to recover categories. Therefore, the study of reservoir permeability, associated with the pore-fractured structure of coal, is the most important parameter in the unconventional gas resources development, which determines both economic efficiency and approaches to the development of such deposits. In this regard, the investigation on permeability distribution of coal seams over an area is critical to fairway selection and coal bed methane resource assessment. The research objective. The factors analysis that affect the permeability value change of the Tutuyasskaya area, situated in the southern part of the Kuznetsk Basin in Russian Federation. Materials and methods. Within the framework of the research, target coal seams were selected that have sufficient data for the permeability primary assessment. As a result of wells exploration drilling in the productive coal seams intervals, core sampling was carried out by removable core and gas sampler to investigate their methane content, as well as sampling for technological, sorption and petro graphic analysis. Results. The primary visual assessment allows to conclude that a high (for unconventional reservoir) permeability is predicted almost equally in all the investigated coal seams. For a more specific assessment of the predicted endogenous fracturing and permeability of the target coal seams, the results of petro graphic analysis were used. Therefore, high permeability values were almost equally expected in all the investigated coal seams because of the dominated vitrinite group minerals, a medium coal rank and a developed network of endogenous fractures. Dynamic well tests were used to quantify the filtration parameters of coal seams and permeability. The results obtained showed a different amount of coal seams permeability despite the same tendency to high permeability. Moreover, the permeability of coal seams in the southern part of the Tutuyasskaya area of Kuzbass does not depend on the depth of the seam, but on the main stresses acting in the rock mass, the influence of exogenous fracturing and the presence of a faults near the penetrated coal seam. The results of 1D geo-mechanical modeling allowed to conclude that higher permeability values of the investigated coal seams are associated with a minimal difference between geostatic and horizontal stresses with conditions of almost equilateral volumetric compression. Furthermore, lower permeability values can be explained by the influence of exogenous fracturing, which reduces filtration characteristics. Conclusions. The analysis of cores from investigated wells in the southern part of the Tutuyasskaya area of Kuzbass showed the tendency to high permeability of the coal seams as for unconventional reservoirs. Dynamic well tests of coal seams have shown that the pr","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42120010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-576-585
V. Fomenko, A. Sokolov, A. Lolaev, Indira Aimbetova
Introduction. Despite the significant contribution of scientists to the study of the existing technogenic impact of the Unal tailing dump on the environment, studies on it of such parameters as the stress-strain state of the tailing dump body, radon emanation have not been previously studied. Materials and research methods. The purpose of the studies described in the work was to study the presence and magnitude of radon emanations in the subsoil air of the surface of the Unal tailing dump for further assessment of the applicability of the method to take into account the stress-strain state of the body. As a result of field studies, the authors measured the equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of radon-222 (hereinafter EEVA) in the reference points selected according to the previously proposed algorithm for selecting reference points, which is based on the methodology for determining the stress-strain state of a body undergoing change. As a result of the studies, the values of radon emanation data were determined, the data obtained on EEDA were processed and systematized for subsequent analysis and evaluation using specialized software and algorithmic software. Research results. As a result of the analysis and evaluation of the obtained data on EEDA, after establishing the fact of the presence of radon emanations from the area, it can be concluded that it is necessary to conduct a second expedition in order to prove the hypothesis of the possible use of EEDA to assess and characterize the stress-strain state of the tailings body (in relation to the Unal tailings) and substantiate occurrence of serious consequences in case of a potential change in the state of the body of the tailing dump during seasonal flooding, seismic and technogenic impacts. In the course of this work on the analysis of the results of experimental studies in the scientific and educational center of the SFU branch in Gelendzhik and field studies, the following conclusions can be formulated. As a result of a number of research activities to assess the geo-ecological sustainability of tailings using seismic and satellite GPS equipment (including the justification of control well locations for monitoring radon emanations), the hypothesis was confirmed that the current values can be estimated from variations in changes in radon 222 emanations stress-strain state of the body of the tailing dump, which makes a significant contribution to the development of express methods for diagnosing the level of pollution of anomalous zones and assessing the risk for adjacent media using the latest geophysical, geochemical and geostatic methods. The proposed method for analyzing the stress-strain state of the tailing dump body and other parameters of its internal structure can also be used to monitor other alluvial and bulk man-made massifs formed as a result of the activities of mining and processing plants located in various regions of the Russian Federation.
{"title":"Some results of the work on the evaluation of radon emanations at Unal tailings","authors":"V. Fomenko, A. Sokolov, A. Lolaev, Indira Aimbetova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-576-585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-576-585","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Despite the significant contribution of scientists to the study of the existing technogenic impact of the Unal tailing dump on the environment, studies on it of such parameters as the stress-strain state of the tailing dump body, radon emanation have not been previously studied. Materials and research methods. The purpose of the studies described in the work was to study the presence and magnitude of radon emanations in the subsoil air of the surface of the Unal tailing dump for further assessment of the applicability of the method to take into account the stress-strain state of the body. As a result of field studies, the authors measured the equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of radon-222 (hereinafter EEVA) in the reference points selected according to the previously proposed algorithm for selecting reference points, which is based on the methodology for determining the stress-strain state of a body undergoing change. As a result of the studies, the values of radon emanation data were determined, the data obtained on EEDA were processed and systematized for subsequent analysis and evaluation using specialized software and algorithmic software. Research results. As a result of the analysis and evaluation of the obtained data on EEDA, after establishing the fact of the presence of radon emanations from the area, it can be concluded that it is necessary to conduct a second expedition in order to prove the hypothesis of the possible use of EEDA to assess and characterize the stress-strain state of the tailings body (in relation to the Unal tailings) and substantiate occurrence of serious consequences in case of a potential change in the state of the body of the tailing dump during seasonal flooding, seismic and technogenic impacts. In the course of this work on the analysis of the results of experimental studies in the scientific and educational center of the SFU branch in Gelendzhik and field studies, the following conclusions can be formulated. As a result of a number of research activities to assess the geo-ecological sustainability of tailings using seismic and satellite GPS equipment (including the justification of control well locations for monitoring radon emanations), the hypothesis was confirmed that the current values can be estimated from variations in changes in radon 222 emanations stress-strain state of the body of the tailing dump, which makes a significant contribution to the development of express methods for diagnosing the level of pollution of anomalous zones and assessing the risk for adjacent media using the latest geophysical, geochemical and geostatic methods. The proposed method for analyzing the stress-strain state of the tailing dump body and other parameters of its internal structure can also be used to monitor other alluvial and bulk man-made massifs formed as a result of the activities of mining and processing plants located in various regions of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42877188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-564-575
V. Zaalishvili, K. Korbesova, I. Arkhireeva, G. Ganapathy
Introduction. The air quality problems facing the world today become aggravated by rapid urban population growth, uncontrolled urban and industrial expansion and a phenomenal growth in the number and time of car use. In general, geoecological pollution of the territory is caused by stationary and mobile sources. The industry in the most of the regions today is experiencing degradation to one degree or another. At the same time, operating plants and factories, especially those associated with the processing of toxic heavy metals, are mostly equipped with filter systems that significantly reduce the territory pollution. On the other hand, in recent years, road transport has taken the first place in terms of urban areas pollution. Road traffic is the largest source of many air pollutants that are harmful to health, but emissions from internal combustion engines are not the only source of pollution. Car tyres and parts of brake systems are also a significant source of environmental pollution. Thus, the assessment of the level of environmental pollution by road transport seems to be a very urgent task. Research methods. Experimental research methods were used in the work. The authors introduced a new integral index of atmospheric air pollution Zatm. The assessment of the level of atmospheric air pollution was carried out using the Ecolab gas analyzer based on a specially developed measurement technique. The data of the existing foreign works on the assessment of environmental pollution by tyre wear products were also considered as the source material. The obtained data were extrapolated to the territory of Vladikavkaz city. Map compilation was carried out using geoinformation modeling methods. Research results. As part of the study of tyre wear for the territory of Vladikavkaz city, it was found that about 258 tons of tyre wear products are emitted into the city’s environment per year, which is 860 grams per head of population. On the basis of the obtained data on the actual content of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons С1-С10 and nitrogen and sulfur dioxides in the atmospheric air, a distribution map of the integral index of atmospheric air pollution Zatm in Vladikavkaz city was constructed. The map identified the sections of roads that are subjected to the greatest pollution Discussion. Traffic optimization models, in particular, “green corridors”, are currently being proposed as mitigation measures for pollutant emissions from road transport. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, which form the basis of the constructed maps of atmospheric air pollution in Vladikavkaz city, Recommendations for reducing the ecological load of road transport on the environment have been developed. Conclusion. Today, when most stationary sources (plants, factories, mining and processing centers, etc.) have practically stopped their activity or equipped with special treatment systems (filters, modern technologies), it is mobile pollution sources that emit the largest a
{"title":"Impact of mobile and stationary pollution sources on the geoecological state of urbanized territories in the mountain region","authors":"V. Zaalishvili, K. Korbesova, I. Arkhireeva, G. Ganapathy","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-564-575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-564-575","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The air quality problems facing the world today become aggravated by rapid urban population growth, uncontrolled urban and industrial expansion and a phenomenal growth in the number and time of car use. In general, geoecological pollution of the territory is caused by stationary and mobile sources. The industry in the most of the regions today is experiencing degradation to one degree or another. At the same time, operating plants and factories, especially those associated with the processing of toxic heavy metals, are mostly equipped with filter systems that significantly reduce the territory pollution. On the other hand, in recent years, road transport has taken the first place in terms of urban areas pollution. Road traffic is the largest source of many air pollutants that are harmful to health, but emissions from internal combustion engines are not the only source of pollution. Car tyres and parts of brake systems are also a significant source of environmental pollution. Thus, the assessment of the level of environmental pollution by road transport seems to be a very urgent task. Research methods. Experimental research methods were used in the work. The authors introduced a new integral index of atmospheric air pollution Zatm. The assessment of the level of atmospheric air pollution was carried out using the Ecolab gas analyzer based on a specially developed measurement technique. The data of the existing foreign works on the assessment of environmental pollution by tyre wear products were also considered as the source material. The obtained data were extrapolated to the territory of Vladikavkaz city. Map compilation was carried out using geoinformation modeling methods. Research results. As part of the study of tyre wear for the territory of Vladikavkaz city, it was found that about 258 tons of tyre wear products are emitted into the city’s environment per year, which is 860 grams per head of population. On the basis of the obtained data on the actual content of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons С1-С10 and nitrogen and sulfur dioxides in the atmospheric air, a distribution map of the integral index of atmospheric air pollution Zatm in Vladikavkaz city was constructed. The map identified the sections of roads that are subjected to the greatest pollution Discussion. Traffic optimization models, in particular, “green corridors”, are currently being proposed as mitigation measures for pollutant emissions from road transport. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, which form the basis of the constructed maps of atmospheric air pollution in Vladikavkaz city, Recommendations for reducing the ecological load of road transport on the environment have been developed. Conclusion. Today, when most stationary sources (plants, factories, mining and processing centers, etc.) have practically stopped their activity or equipped with special treatment systems (filters, modern technologies), it is mobile pollution sources that emit the largest a","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46432158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-594-602
V. Snezhko, D. Benin, N. Gavrilovskaya, A. Shishkin
The problem of land degradation is global throughout the world. Many studies have noted that land reclamation can adversely affect their quality. In Russia and a number of countries of the post-Soviet space, the quality of land is assessed by such an indicator as the ameliorative state. The purpose of the research was the spatio-temporal analysis of the ameliorative state of the lands of the Altai Territory in the forest-steppe, steppe and foothill zone. The object of study was chosen due to the diversity of its landscape and climate variability due to the influence of mountain systems. Such general scientific research methods as analysis and synthesis, as well as applied methods were used: multivariate data analysis (cluster and regression analysis), GIS technologies. The calculations were made in the STATISTICA package, the significance level in all calculations was taken equal to 0.05. Research results. The structure of agricultural lands on rain-fed and reclaimed lands in each agrochemical zone has been determined. In the structure of lands, the share of arable land on reclaimed lands is higher than on rainfed lands. This is due to a significant increase in productivity during land reclamation. The share of reclaimed lands with perennial plantations in the foothill zone is 12 times higher than that of rainfed lands. The deposit in the foothill zone is only on rainfed lands. Clustering of 25 districts was completed according to the state of reclaimed land at the beginning of 2015 and 2022. The regions of the region that have reduced or increased the ameliorative state of the lands have been identified. The rate of change in the land area corresponding to each ameliorative state is estimated. The oldest reclamation systems are located in the steppe zone of the Altai Territory, which affects the dynamics of changes in the quality of reclamated lands. The reclamation state of the lands in the foothill zone remained unchanged; statistically insignificant trends were revealed in the forest-steppe zone. In conclusion, the results of the calculations are summarized. For the period 2015-2022 the area of reclaimed land has not changed. The region is characterized by the predominance of lands of good and satisfactory ameliorative condition, regardless of the agrochemical zones. The changes revealed by the typification of areas according to the reclamation state of lands at the beginning and end of the period are mainly due to a decrease in the reclamation state of lands in the steppe zone with the transition from good to satisfactory.
{"title":"Spatio-temporal analysis of the ameliorative state of lands in the foothill, steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Altai Territory","authors":"V. Snezhko, D. Benin, N. Gavrilovskaya, A. Shishkin","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-594-602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-594-602","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of land degradation is global throughout the world. Many studies have noted that land reclamation can adversely affect their quality. In Russia and a number of countries of the post-Soviet space, the quality of land is assessed by such an indicator as the ameliorative state. The purpose of the research was the spatio-temporal analysis of the ameliorative state of the lands of the Altai Territory in the forest-steppe, steppe and foothill zone. The object of study was chosen due to the diversity of its landscape and climate variability due to the influence of mountain systems. Such general scientific research methods as analysis and synthesis, as well as applied methods were used: multivariate data analysis (cluster and regression analysis), GIS technologies. The calculations were made in the STATISTICA package, the significance level in all calculations was taken equal to 0.05. Research results. The structure of agricultural lands on rain-fed and reclaimed lands in each agrochemical zone has been determined. In the structure of lands, the share of arable land on reclaimed lands is higher than on rainfed lands. This is due to a significant increase in productivity during land reclamation. The share of reclaimed lands with perennial plantations in the foothill zone is 12 times higher than that of rainfed lands. The deposit in the foothill zone is only on rainfed lands. Clustering of 25 districts was completed according to the state of reclaimed land at the beginning of 2015 and 2022. The regions of the region that have reduced or increased the ameliorative state of the lands have been identified. The rate of change in the land area corresponding to each ameliorative state is estimated. The oldest reclamation systems are located in the steppe zone of the Altai Territory, which affects the dynamics of changes in the quality of reclamated lands. The reclamation state of the lands in the foothill zone remained unchanged; statistically insignificant trends were revealed in the forest-steppe zone. In conclusion, the results of the calculations are summarized. For the period 2015-2022 the area of reclaimed land has not changed. The region is characterized by the predominance of lands of good and satisfactory ameliorative condition, regardless of the agrochemical zones. The changes revealed by the typification of areas according to the reclamation state of lands at the beginning and end of the period are mainly due to a decrease in the reclamation state of lands in the steppe zone with the transition from good to satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48665823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-644-656
V. Tatarintsev, O. Merzlyakov, N. Ozeranskaya, Zh. K. Shakenova
Introduction. Modern agricultural land use should be resistant to external and internal factors, organized on the principles of resource optimization and digitalization of processes, using biologization tools to achieve the goal related to the quality of agricultural products. Achieving this goal is possible by regulating the production process in the agrolandscape, namely, by analyzing the leading agroecological factors (erosion and deflation processes, moisture and heat supply, salinization, flooding, etc.) and conditions. An innovative approach related to the analysis of the existing potential of the territory of agricultural land, factors limiting agricultural production, will determine the direction of land use, predict the potential and reduce the land intensity of agricultural production and raw materials at the level of the municipal district, where a set of measures for land management is being designed, thereby increasing their resilience. The purpose of the study. To assess the qualitative state of agricultural land in an agrarian territory (by municipal districts) in the arid steppe of the Altai Krai to increase its sustainability. Research methods. System analysis was the main scientific method used in the work. It made it possible to compare the interrelationships and mutual influences in the analysis of the structure of lands. Comparative geographic and ecological landscape methods were also used in the study and analysis of the characteristics of the territory using the cartographic method and GIS technologies. Methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine the stability of agricultural land. Research results. The modern assessment of the agrarian territory of the arid steppe (nine municipal districts) carried out in the work showed that erosion processes were not widespread on the agricultural lands of the territory. Judging by the data obtained, large areas of the arid steppe are subject to destruction by wind. More than 80 % of the area of agricultural land is deflationary areas. The area of deflationary and deflated land is 200 thousand hectares with a minimum value in the Suetsky district and a maximum in Rodinsky. The main area of deflationary soils is observed in arable land (76-96 %), followed by pastures and hayfields. Based on the assessment of the qualitative state of agricultural land in the arid steppe in terms of the ratio of the areas of eroded and deflated lands with various degrees of degradation (weak, medium, strong), as well as non-eroded and non-deflated areas, we made an integral assessment of the state, which allows us to judge the stability of a large agar area. In total, five classes or groups of lands were identified: very low, low, medium, high and very high, and a score from 1 to 5 was assigned. It follows from the materials that the anti-erosion resistance is much higher than the anti-deflation one. The erosion resistance of the arable land is the same in seven areas of the arid steppe (the
{"title":"Analysis of the agricultural land qualitative state for agricultural land use in the Altai Krai","authors":"V. Tatarintsev, O. Merzlyakov, N. Ozeranskaya, Zh. K. Shakenova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-644-656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-644-656","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Modern agricultural land use should be resistant to external and internal factors, organized on the principles of resource optimization and digitalization of processes, using biologization tools to achieve the goal related to the quality of agricultural products. Achieving this goal is possible by regulating the production process in the agrolandscape, namely, by analyzing the leading agroecological factors (erosion and deflation processes, moisture and heat supply, salinization, flooding, etc.) and conditions. An innovative approach related to the analysis of the existing potential of the territory of agricultural land, factors limiting agricultural production, will determine the direction of land use, predict the potential and reduce the land intensity of agricultural production and raw materials at the level of the municipal district, where a set of measures for land management is being designed, thereby increasing their resilience. The purpose of the study. To assess the qualitative state of agricultural land in an agrarian territory (by municipal districts) in the arid steppe of the Altai Krai to increase its sustainability. Research methods. System analysis was the main scientific method used in the work. It made it possible to compare the interrelationships and mutual influences in the analysis of the structure of lands. Comparative geographic and ecological landscape methods were also used in the study and analysis of the characteristics of the territory using the cartographic method and GIS technologies. Methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine the stability of agricultural land. Research results. The modern assessment of the agrarian territory of the arid steppe (nine municipal districts) carried out in the work showed that erosion processes were not widespread on the agricultural lands of the territory. Judging by the data obtained, large areas of the arid steppe are subject to destruction by wind. More than 80 % of the area of agricultural land is deflationary areas. The area of deflationary and deflated land is 200 thousand hectares with a minimum value in the Suetsky district and a maximum in Rodinsky. The main area of deflationary soils is observed in arable land (76-96 %), followed by pastures and hayfields. Based on the assessment of the qualitative state of agricultural land in the arid steppe in terms of the ratio of the areas of eroded and deflated lands with various degrees of degradation (weak, medium, strong), as well as non-eroded and non-deflated areas, we made an integral assessment of the state, which allows us to judge the stability of a large agar area. In total, five classes or groups of lands were identified: very low, low, medium, high and very high, and a score from 1 to 5 was assigned. It follows from the materials that the anti-erosion resistance is much higher than the anti-deflation one. The erosion resistance of the arable land is the same in seven areas of the arid steppe (the ","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47330533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-695-701
O. Usanova, V. Stolyarov, A. Ryazantseva
Introduction. Currently, nickel-titanium alloy has a noticeable spread in the mechanical engineering and mining industry. Modification of the properties of this alloy by ion-implantation is also being developed. Methods and materials of research. For research, experimental samples of Ti-Ni alloy in coarse-grained and finegrained structural state were specially manufactured before and after implantation with various ion beams with a dose of D = 2.3 × 1017 ion/cm2 with an energy of 40 keV. All samples were examined using: nanoindentation, microhardness measurements and X-ray diffraction analysis. Research results. The results of nanoindentation showed that the Ti-Ni alloy samples in the coarse-grained and finegrained state after ion-implantation had a higher hardness compared to the initial state. The increase in hardness in all samples is associated with the formation of a large number of radiation effects. The modulus of elasticity for the finegrained state practically does not change after ion bombardment. Discussion of research results. The microhardness study was carried out to determine the depth of the hardened layer after ion-implantation for samples in coarse-grained and fine-grained states. The greatest microhardness was detected at the sample surface in the nanostate (fine-grained) after irradiation with titanium ions. X-ray diffraction analysis of TiNi alloy samples in the nanostructured state before and after implantation with nickel and titanium ions with a dose of D = 2.3 × 1017 ion/cm2 at low-angle intensity peaks was carried out. It showed that ion-implantation leads either to a decrease in the amount of the monoclinic structure of the material, or to a significant decrease in it. Conclusion. Investigation of the process of ion-implantation of titanium-nickel alloy in coarse-grained and fine-grained state by titanium and nickel ions has shown that exposure leads to: - an increase in the hardness of the material by 20% and 6%, respectively; - a decrease and no change in the modulus of elasticity, respectively; - increase of microhardness by 100% and 40%, respectively; - not noticeable and noticeable change in the structure of the surface layer, respectively. Conclusions on the article. The obtained research results show that ion-implantation of titanium-nickel makes it possible to further increase the reliability of loaded mining equipment units, increase its service life and reduce the wear of critical parts. Suggestions for practical application and directions for future research. The results shown allow us to propose a method of ion implantation as a hardening treatment of particularly critical parts used, in particular, in the mining industry. In order to develop ion implantation as one of the strengthening technologies, it would be advisable to continue the study of various physico-chemical properties after exposure to ion implantation.
{"title":"Investigation of the properties of ion-implanted shape memory titanium alloy used in the construction of mining equipment","authors":"O. Usanova, V. Stolyarov, A. Ryazantseva","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-695-701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-695-701","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Currently, nickel-titanium alloy has a noticeable spread in the mechanical engineering and mining industry. Modification of the properties of this alloy by ion-implantation is also being developed. Methods and materials of research. For research, experimental samples of Ti-Ni alloy in coarse-grained and finegrained structural state were specially manufactured before and after implantation with various ion beams with a dose of D = 2.3 × 1017 ion/cm2 with an energy of 40 keV. All samples were examined using: nanoindentation, microhardness measurements and X-ray diffraction analysis. Research results. The results of nanoindentation showed that the Ti-Ni alloy samples in the coarse-grained and finegrained state after ion-implantation had a higher hardness compared to the initial state. The increase in hardness in all samples is associated with the formation of a large number of radiation effects. The modulus of elasticity for the finegrained state practically does not change after ion bombardment. Discussion of research results. The microhardness study was carried out to determine the depth of the hardened layer after ion-implantation for samples in coarse-grained and fine-grained states. The greatest microhardness was detected at the sample surface in the nanostate (fine-grained) after irradiation with titanium ions. X-ray diffraction analysis of TiNi alloy samples in the nanostructured state before and after implantation with nickel and titanium ions with a dose of D = 2.3 × 1017 ion/cm2 at low-angle intensity peaks was carried out. It showed that ion-implantation leads either to a decrease in the amount of the monoclinic structure of the material, or to a significant decrease in it. Conclusion. Investigation of the process of ion-implantation of titanium-nickel alloy in coarse-grained and fine-grained state by titanium and nickel ions has shown that exposure leads to: - an increase in the hardness of the material by 20% and 6%, respectively; - a decrease and no change in the modulus of elasticity, respectively; - increase of microhardness by 100% and 40%, respectively; - not noticeable and noticeable change in the structure of the surface layer, respectively. Conclusions on the article. The obtained research results show that ion-implantation of titanium-nickel makes it possible to further increase the reliability of loaded mining equipment units, increase its service life and reduce the wear of critical parts. Suggestions for practical application and directions for future research. The results shown allow us to propose a method of ion implantation as a hardening treatment of particularly critical parts used, in particular, in the mining industry. In order to develop ion implantation as one of the strengthening technologies, it would be advisable to continue the study of various physico-chemical properties after exposure to ion implantation.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41861319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-2-453-460
N. Abramkin, P. Mansurov, A. Kuzina
Introduction. The work presents a general and principal diagram of the control system, provides recommendations for the choice of a set of technical means of practical implementation of the system and justification of the application and parameters of various sensors, power supplies, controller, communications, signal converters and actuators, which use different methods and methods of processing signals of different nature, which ensures completeness and prevents distortion of signals and parameters that affect the quality of the automated system of phlegm The aim of the work is to develop and implement the technical support of an automated control system of phlegmatization explosions of dustmethane-air mixture in the mine atmosphere. Materials and methods of research. To achieve the goal of controlling phlegmatization of dust-methane-air mixture explosions in the mine atmosphere, the search and analysis of materials on this topic is carried out, an automated control system is developed and observation of its work in real conditions is made. Research results. The dependences of the upper and lower thresholds of explosiveness of dust-methane-air mixture, as well as the achievements in the study of the molecular structure of water and methane can assess the effectiveness of measures to prevent methane and dust explosions in coal mines and propose a patentable method of phlegmatization of methane explosions in coal mines. Discussion. At a choice of CTS the basic attention is given to reliability of functioning of measuring techniques, standardization of interfaces, software of controllers and processors, on the basis of which it is supposed to develop software and realization of algorithmic and mathematical maintenance of the automated control system and its debugging in industrial conditions. Conclusion. The studies have shown that the sequence of installation of nozzles along the length of the face, should not exceed 1/5-1/7 of the length of the mini-drops falling (if a weighted mini-drop falls for 6-8 seconds, at a speed of 2.5 m/s, it flies 15-20 m, and, therefore, nozzles should be set every 12-15 m). Resume. At successful approbation and positive results of the automated control system of phlegmatization of explosions of dust-methane-air mixture in a mine atmosphere it can be successfully included in the existing systems of gas protection, extending their functions and increasing the level of industrial safety of mines. Also, studies have shown that for the implementation of a phlegmatization control system of explosions of dust-methane-air mixture in a mine atmosphere to increase the accuracy it is necessary to increase humidity, which in turn leads to the need to choose the location of installation of nozzles. Suggestions. In real conditions the level of absolute moisture of 16 g/m3 is possible at a temperature not lower than 22 °C and relative humidity of not less than 90 %, therefore, the task of the automated control system of phlegmatiz
{"title":"Automated control system phlegmatization of explosions of dust-methane-air mixture in the mine atmosphere","authors":"N. Abramkin, P. Mansurov, A. Kuzina","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-2-453-460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-2-453-460","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The work presents a general and principal diagram of the control system, provides recommendations for the choice of a set of technical means of practical implementation of the system and justification of the application and parameters of various sensors, power supplies, controller, communications, signal converters and actuators, which use different methods and methods of processing signals of different nature, which ensures completeness and prevents distortion of signals and parameters that affect the quality of the automated system of phlegm The aim of the work is to develop and implement the technical support of an automated control system of phlegmatization explosions of dustmethane-air mixture in the mine atmosphere. Materials and methods of research. To achieve the goal of controlling phlegmatization of dust-methane-air mixture explosions in the mine atmosphere, the search and analysis of materials on this topic is carried out, an automated control system is developed and observation of its work in real conditions is made. Research results. The dependences of the upper and lower thresholds of explosiveness of dust-methane-air mixture, as well as the achievements in the study of the molecular structure of water and methane can assess the effectiveness of measures to prevent methane and dust explosions in coal mines and propose a patentable method of phlegmatization of methane explosions in coal mines. Discussion. At a choice of CTS the basic attention is given to reliability of functioning of measuring techniques, standardization of interfaces, software of controllers and processors, on the basis of which it is supposed to develop software and realization of algorithmic and mathematical maintenance of the automated control system and its debugging in industrial conditions. Conclusion. The studies have shown that the sequence of installation of nozzles along the length of the face, should not exceed 1/5-1/7 of the length of the mini-drops falling (if a weighted mini-drop falls for 6-8 seconds, at a speed of 2.5 m/s, it flies 15-20 m, and, therefore, nozzles should be set every 12-15 m). Resume. At successful approbation and positive results of the automated control system of phlegmatization of explosions of dust-methane-air mixture in a mine atmosphere it can be successfully included in the existing systems of gas protection, extending their functions and increasing the level of industrial safety of mines. Also, studies have shown that for the implementation of a phlegmatization control system of explosions of dust-methane-air mixture in a mine atmosphere to increase the accuracy it is necessary to increase humidity, which in turn leads to the need to choose the location of installation of nozzles. Suggestions. In real conditions the level of absolute moisture of 16 g/m3 is possible at a temperature not lower than 22 °C and relative humidity of not less than 90 %, therefore, the task of the automated control system of phlegmatiz","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45615268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-430-439
Liparit Badalyan, V. Kurdyukov, Alla M. Ovcharenko, S. Kucherenko
The study aims to solve the problem of information support for the efficient managerial decision-making system oriented to the development and maintenance of anthropogenic landscapes ecosystems. The primary research task is to formulate a benchmark adequate in terms of environmental quality assessment and management. The research method. The study proposes the estimation method of the maximum permissible load on the ecosystem based on the synthesis of environmental quality evaluation approaches, patterns of ecosystem functioning, and data on hydrocarbon fuel consumption in the territory. Determining the parameters of the studied object’s idealized model allows discovering the limit characteristics of its actual prototype, i.e., the human-transformed ecosystem. The analysis of the investigated landscape’s model optimal parameters makes it possible to establish the maximum values of assimilation potential and safe emission mass for the features of the territory. One of the elements of the proposed method is the calculation of supply air volume for the ecosystem based on the analysis of the gas exchanges process, taking into account the mechanisms of biogeochemical cycles and data on the carbon dioxide emission in the territory. The results of research. The representative subject for determining the indicators of anthropogenic landscapes sustainability to technogenic influences is the city of Nazran, the Ingush Republic. The available information on the dendrometric parameters of chosen monoculture (Fraxinus Excelsior) allowed determining the patterns in the dynamics of bio-productivity characteristics in correlation with the age of growing stock, considering its exposure to environmental impacts, which made it possible to evaluate the ecosystems’ assimilation potential. The study represents the results of the carbon dioxide emissions inventory for Nazran and the estimation of its masses absorbed by the monoculture during photosynthesis. It also theoretically determines the supply air mass and volume values needed for the toxicants’ atmosphere mass limits assessment. The obtained data laid out the basis for calculating the parameters of the territorial environmental sustainability, along with the relative aggressiveness indices for each of the studied pollutants. Conclusions. The proposed approach makes it possible to take into account the specifics of the ecosystem of the particular territory and the uncertainty of the motor transport emissions dispersion, eliminate the inconsistencies of elements of the management system, increase transparency and simplify the decision-making process, and reduce the restrictions of information support system, the ambiguity of managerial decisions’ consequences and the risks of opportunistic behavior, predict the situation in the territory considering various strategies for ensuring the environmental stability, and improve the system manageability as a whole.
{"title":"Method for determining the maximum allowable load on the ecosystems","authors":"Liparit Badalyan, V. Kurdyukov, Alla M. Ovcharenko, S. Kucherenko","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-430-439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-430-439","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to solve the problem of information support for the efficient managerial decision-making system oriented to the development and maintenance of anthropogenic landscapes ecosystems. The primary research task is to formulate a benchmark adequate in terms of environmental quality assessment and management. The research method. The study proposes the estimation method of the maximum permissible load on the ecosystem based on the synthesis of environmental quality evaluation approaches, patterns of ecosystem functioning, and data on hydrocarbon fuel consumption in the territory. Determining the parameters of the studied object’s idealized model allows discovering the limit characteristics of its actual prototype, i.e., the human-transformed ecosystem. The analysis of the investigated landscape’s model optimal parameters makes it possible to establish the maximum values of assimilation potential and safe emission mass for the features of the territory. One of the elements of the proposed method is the calculation of supply air volume for the ecosystem based on the analysis of the gas exchanges process, taking into account the mechanisms of biogeochemical cycles and data on the carbon dioxide emission in the territory. The results of research. The representative subject for determining the indicators of anthropogenic landscapes sustainability to technogenic influences is the city of Nazran, the Ingush Republic. The available information on the dendrometric parameters of chosen monoculture (Fraxinus Excelsior) allowed determining the patterns in the dynamics of bio-productivity characteristics in correlation with the age of growing stock, considering its exposure to environmental impacts, which made it possible to evaluate the ecosystems’ assimilation potential. The study represents the results of the carbon dioxide emissions inventory for Nazran and the estimation of its masses absorbed by the monoculture during photosynthesis. It also theoretically determines the supply air mass and volume values needed for the toxicants’ atmosphere mass limits assessment. The obtained data laid out the basis for calculating the parameters of the territorial environmental sustainability, along with the relative aggressiveness indices for each of the studied pollutants. Conclusions. The proposed approach makes it possible to take into account the specifics of the ecosystem of the particular territory and the uncertainty of the motor transport emissions dispersion, eliminate the inconsistencies of elements of the management system, increase transparency and simplify the decision-making process, and reduce the restrictions of information support system, the ambiguity of managerial decisions’ consequences and the risks of opportunistic behavior, predict the situation in the territory considering various strategies for ensuring the environmental stability, and improve the system manageability as a whole.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42065570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-501-511
A. Teplyakova, I. Zhukov, N. Martyushev
Purpose. The article is devoted to the search and analysis of well-known technical solutions of drilling machines equipped with a cam impact mechanism, according to the results of which fundamentally new scientific tasks are set related to the substantiation of the design parameters of the impact unit of the drilling machine, providing the possibility of automatic adaptation of drilling modes in changing mining and geological conditions. Research methods. To implement the impact of the tool on the rock, a cam mechanism is built into the design of the machine, which provides the generation of a given impact energy. Cam mechanisms are represented by a wide variety, among which the most suitable for equipping impact drilling machines is a cylindrical end cam mechanism in which the leading link – the cam performs a rotational movement, converted into a reciprocating motion of the output link – the pusher-striker. Rational cam profiling makes it possible to implement a certain law of pusher motion with a sufficient degree of accuracy, and, consequently, to solve the problem of choosing the optimal impact energy. Research results. Based on the results of the critical analysis of the structural schemes of the above machines and mechanisms, new research tasks are being set for science and practice, the implementation of which will allow obtaining new scientific knowledge in the field of the use of cam mechanisms in impact drilling machines. Conclusions. The use of impact cam mechanisms of a special structure and geometry makes it possible to realize the idea of creating a drilling machine capable of automatically adapting operating modes to operational mining and geological conditions.
{"title":"Application of drilling machines with impact cam mechanism in various mining and geological conditions","authors":"A. Teplyakova, I. Zhukov, N. Martyushev","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-501-511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-501-511","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article is devoted to the search and analysis of well-known technical solutions of drilling machines equipped with a cam impact mechanism, according to the results of which fundamentally new scientific tasks are set related to the substantiation of the design parameters of the impact unit of the drilling machine, providing the possibility of automatic adaptation of drilling modes in changing mining and geological conditions. Research methods. To implement the impact of the tool on the rock, a cam mechanism is built into the design of the machine, which provides the generation of a given impact energy. Cam mechanisms are represented by a wide variety, among which the most suitable for equipping impact drilling machines is a cylindrical end cam mechanism in which the leading link – the cam performs a rotational movement, converted into a reciprocating motion of the output link – the pusher-striker. Rational cam profiling makes it possible to implement a certain law of pusher motion with a sufficient degree of accuracy, and, consequently, to solve the problem of choosing the optimal impact energy. Research results. Based on the results of the critical analysis of the structural schemes of the above machines and mechanisms, new research tasks are being set for science and practice, the implementation of which will allow obtaining new scientific knowledge in the field of the use of cam mechanisms in impact drilling machines. Conclusions. The use of impact cam mechanisms of a special structure and geometry makes it possible to realize the idea of creating a drilling machine capable of automatically adapting operating modes to operational mining and geological conditions.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44909708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-410-421
V. Chanturia, V. Morozov, G. Dvoichenkova, E. Chanturia
Introduction. A promising way to solve the problem of reducing the losses of weakly and abnormally luminescent diamonds in the process of X-ray luminescent separation is to modify their spectral characteristics with special compositions of phosphors. The phosphor-containing compositions used include inorganic and organic phosphors that provide the necessary change in the kinetic characteristics of the diamond X-ray luminescence signal. The purpose of the work. Investigation of the mechanism of the process and selection of compositions of phosphorcontaining compositions that provide the required modification of spectral characteristics and increase the extraction of weakly and abnormally luminescent diamonds in the process of X-ray-luminescent separation. Methodology results. Studies of the mechanism of formation of the X-ray luminescence signal from diamond-phosphor complexes were carried out by determining the degree of coating of the surface of diamonds with phosphors by the visiometric method and the amplitude of the luminescence signal with varying concentrations of phosphor in the emulsion. The effectiveness of the selected compositions of the phosphor-containing composition was evaluated by determining and comparative analysis of the acquired spectral and kinetic characteristics of the diamond-phosphor complexes using the Polyus–M separator. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the selected formulations was determined by the results of a test on industrial X-ray luminescent separators. Research results. The mechanism of formation of the X-ray luminescence signal from a diamond with a phosphorcontaining composition fixed on its surface is determined. It is shown that the total signal is the sum of the diamond and phosphor signals attenuated by screening and scattering of luminescent radiation by 5-15% for the diamond signal and 20-40% for the phosphor signal. The use of inorganic phosphors based on zinc sulfide, or a mixture of phosphor based on zinc orthosilicate and anthracene in compositions is justified, providing an increase in the intensity of the X-ray luminescence signal of a weakly luminescent diamond by 2.5 times, and preserving the shape of the X-ray luminescence signal of natural diamonds. It is proposed to use catalytic cracking as a collector of a diesel fraction compound and heavy gas oil, which ensures effective fixation of the phosphor on the surface of diamonds. The composition of the composition (FL-530, anthracene, diesel fraction, THCC) is proposed, which provides the required modification of spectral characteristics and detection of low-luminous diamonds. Resume. The results of the tests carried out on diamonds of various sizes have established the possibility of increasing the extraction of diamonds by 5-15% due to the detection of diamond crystals with weak or abnormal luminescence. At the same time, the required selectivity of the process with respect to kimberlite minerals is maintained. Conclusions. The results o
{"title":"Increasing the recoverability of diamonds in the process of x-ray luminescent separation using phosphor-containing compositions","authors":"V. Chanturia, V. Morozov, G. Dvoichenkova, E. Chanturia","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-410-421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-410-421","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A promising way to solve the problem of reducing the losses of weakly and abnormally luminescent diamonds in the process of X-ray luminescent separation is to modify their spectral characteristics with special compositions of phosphors. The phosphor-containing compositions used include inorganic and organic phosphors that provide the necessary change in the kinetic characteristics of the diamond X-ray luminescence signal. The purpose of the work. Investigation of the mechanism of the process and selection of compositions of phosphorcontaining compositions that provide the required modification of spectral characteristics and increase the extraction of weakly and abnormally luminescent diamonds in the process of X-ray-luminescent separation. Methodology results. Studies of the mechanism of formation of the X-ray luminescence signal from diamond-phosphor complexes were carried out by determining the degree of coating of the surface of diamonds with phosphors by the visiometric method and the amplitude of the luminescence signal with varying concentrations of phosphor in the emulsion. The effectiveness of the selected compositions of the phosphor-containing composition was evaluated by determining and comparative analysis of the acquired spectral and kinetic characteristics of the diamond-phosphor complexes using the Polyus–M separator. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the selected formulations was determined by the results of a test on industrial X-ray luminescent separators. Research results. The mechanism of formation of the X-ray luminescence signal from a diamond with a phosphorcontaining composition fixed on its surface is determined. It is shown that the total signal is the sum of the diamond and phosphor signals attenuated by screening and scattering of luminescent radiation by 5-15% for the diamond signal and 20-40% for the phosphor signal. The use of inorganic phosphors based on zinc sulfide, or a mixture of phosphor based on zinc orthosilicate and anthracene in compositions is justified, providing an increase in the intensity of the X-ray luminescence signal of a weakly luminescent diamond by 2.5 times, and preserving the shape of the X-ray luminescence signal of natural diamonds. It is proposed to use catalytic cracking as a collector of a diesel fraction compound and heavy gas oil, which ensures effective fixation of the phosphor on the surface of diamonds. The composition of the composition (FL-530, anthracene, diesel fraction, THCC) is proposed, which provides the required modification of spectral characteristics and detection of low-luminous diamonds. Resume. The results of the tests carried out on diamonds of various sizes have established the possibility of increasing the extraction of diamonds by 5-15% due to the detection of diamond crystals with weak or abnormal luminescence. At the same time, the required selectivity of the process with respect to kimberlite minerals is maintained. Conclusions. The results o","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44236725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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