Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-134-142
V. Matveeva, J. Bech, A. Danilov
The hydrochemical studies assessed the area affected by one of the largest mineral pro-cessing facilities of the Kola Peninsula (Russia), the Olcon Mining and Processing Plant. Based on the results of the laboratory analyzes, nitrate ion was found to be the major contaminant of the quarry waters. Discharge of untreated waste water leads to nitrogen pollution of the natural waters of the region and, as a consequence, disruption of the functioning of hydroecosystems. To address the environmental issue, the authors proposed an effective method for the biological treatment of nitrogencontaining mine drainage. The key point is the implementation of the Chlorella kessleri microalgae into the existing treatment system. The research describes in vitro studies of the purification process on model solutions and presents the major findings. Besides, a technological solution is proposed for the application of the treatment technique for the studied pit waters. The higher efficiency of waste water purification will not only prevent further pollution of natural waters but also raise the living standards of local communities by improving the environmental situation in the area. The outcomes of theoretical studies and laboratory experiments open up the prospect of using the biological treatment technique for nitrogen removal from wastewater in the polar mining regions.
{"title":"Prospects of nitrogen removal from mine drainage by micro-algae in northern environments","authors":"V. Matveeva, J. Bech, A. Danilov","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-134-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-134-142","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrochemical studies assessed the area affected by one of the largest mineral pro-cessing facilities of the Kola Peninsula (Russia), the Olcon Mining and Processing Plant. Based on the results of the laboratory analyzes, nitrate ion was found to be the major contaminant of the quarry waters. Discharge of untreated waste water leads to nitrogen pollution of the natural waters of the region and, as a consequence, disruption of the functioning of hydroecosystems. To address the environmental issue, the authors proposed an effective method for the biological treatment of nitrogencontaining mine drainage. The key point is the implementation of the Chlorella kessleri microalgae into the existing treatment system. The research describes in vitro studies of the purification process on model solutions and presents the major findings. Besides, a technological solution is proposed for the application of the treatment technique for the studied pit waters. The higher efficiency of waste water purification will not only prevent further pollution of natural waters but also raise the living standards of local communities by improving the environmental situation in the area. The outcomes of theoretical studies and laboratory experiments open up the prospect of using the biological treatment technique for nitrogen removal from wastewater in the polar mining regions.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43808004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-122-133
Z. Kyaw, Z. Htet, D. Shekhirev, B. Goryachev
Introduction. The quality of the enrichment process is affected by many factors, ranging from the characteristics of the raw materials supplied to the enrichment plant to the enrichment technology and the agents used. Strict process control is required at all stages from mining to concentrate extraction. Copper-zinc ores of Russian deposits are difficult for enrichment due to high mass fraction of pyrite in ore and fine irregular intergrowth of sulfide minerals between themselves and with rock minerals. The practice of enrichment of copper-zinc ores has established that it is impossible to obtain high-quality zinc and pyrite concentrates without adding sphalerite flotation modifier agents to various flotation operations. To improve the flotation activity of sphalerite, copper sulphate is used as an activation additive in the enrichment process chain. Purpose of work. To study the effect of sulfhydryl collectors on flotation of sulfide minerals, and development of innovative technologies of flotation of copper-zinc and polymetallic ores considering the acidity of the environment. Materials and methods. In the experimental part of the work, several methods of materials and agents preparing were used, a variety of equipment was used, as well as methods of analysis and processing of results. The material composition and grain size distribution of sphalerite was studied using the MLA System Quanta. X-ray phase analysis of sphalerite was carried out at the University of science and technology "MISIS" in Research Laboratory of ultra-hard materials on Rigaku Geigerflex device using monochromatized CuKα-radiation. Thermographic studies were carried out using a Q -1500D derivatograph. The following flotation agents were used in the work: collector - butyl potassium xanthate, foam agent MIBC, medium regulator - lime, modifiers - iron sulfate, sodium sulphide and mixture of iron sulfate and sodium sulphide. Flotation experiments were carried out on the laboratory flotation machine FL-189 G. Results. The kinetics of sphalerite flotation is characterized not by a single value of the flotation kinetics constant for all flotation mineral grains, but by a set of such values corresponding to quite certain fractions of sphalerite extracted in the foams product. It has been found that in the initial period of flotation the mineral grains with a high value of the flotation velocity constant are flotated, and in the final period of flotation the grains of the same mineral with a low value of the same flotation velocity constant are flotated. Discussion. The introduction of iron (II) sulphate into the mineral slurry leads to a redistribution of the flocculated mineral between medium and lightly flocculated fractions. This indicates that iron (II) sulphate acts as an activator for sphalerite flotation. At a low flow rate of this agent, the proportion of medium flotable fractions increases and the proportion of easily and hardly flotable fractions decreases. With increas
{"title":"The effect of ferrous sulfate, sodium sulfide and their mixtures on the flotation of sphalerite in the alkaline medium","authors":"Z. Kyaw, Z. Htet, D. Shekhirev, B. Goryachev","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-122-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-122-133","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The quality of the enrichment process is affected by many factors, ranging from the characteristics of the raw materials supplied to the enrichment plant to the enrichment technology and the agents used. Strict process control is required at all stages from mining to concentrate extraction. Copper-zinc ores of Russian deposits are difficult for enrichment due to high mass fraction of pyrite in ore and fine irregular intergrowth of sulfide minerals between themselves and with rock minerals. The practice of enrichment of copper-zinc ores has established that it is impossible to obtain high-quality zinc and pyrite concentrates without adding sphalerite flotation modifier agents to various flotation operations. To improve the flotation activity of sphalerite, copper sulphate is used as an activation additive in the enrichment process chain. Purpose of work. To study the effect of sulfhydryl collectors on flotation of sulfide minerals, and development of innovative technologies of flotation of copper-zinc and polymetallic ores considering the acidity of the environment. Materials and methods. In the experimental part of the work, several methods of materials and agents preparing were used, a variety of equipment was used, as well as methods of analysis and processing of results. The material composition and grain size distribution of sphalerite was studied using the MLA System Quanta. X-ray phase analysis of sphalerite was carried out at the University of science and technology \"MISIS\" in Research Laboratory of ultra-hard materials on Rigaku Geigerflex device using monochromatized CuKα-radiation. Thermographic studies were carried out using a Q -1500D derivatograph. The following flotation agents were used in the work: collector - butyl potassium xanthate, foam agent MIBC, medium regulator - lime, modifiers - iron sulfate, sodium sulphide and mixture of iron sulfate and sodium sulphide. Flotation experiments were carried out on the laboratory flotation machine FL-189 G. Results. The kinetics of sphalerite flotation is characterized not by a single value of the flotation kinetics constant for all flotation mineral grains, but by a set of such values corresponding to quite certain fractions of sphalerite extracted in the foams product. It has been found that in the initial period of flotation the mineral grains with a high value of the flotation velocity constant are flotated, and in the final period of flotation the grains of the same mineral with a low value of the same flotation velocity constant are flotated. Discussion. The introduction of iron (II) sulphate into the mineral slurry leads to a redistribution of the flocculated mineral between medium and lightly flocculated fractions. This indicates that iron (II) sulphate acts as an activator for sphalerite flotation. At a low flow rate of this agent, the proportion of medium flotable fractions increases and the proportion of easily and hardly flotable fractions decreases. With increas","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46658625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-160-173
N. Legacheva, I. Rotanova
Introduction. Ak Cholushpa Nature Park is a specially protected natural area located in the mountainous part of the Altai Republic. The park was established in 2011 on the initiative of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) on the territory of the Ulagan district, near the state borders of Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. The Nature Park borders on two sites of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Golden Mountains of Altai" – the Altai State Natural Biosphere Reserve and Lake Teletskoye. The space of the natural park has a wide range of objects of tourist interest. Sustainable eco-tourism is based here on natural and archaeological sites that create the image of the natural park, as well as its brand. The purpose of the study is to form an idea of the eco-tourist potential of the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park of the Altai Republic, in particular, based on the results of a sociological survey. The Nature park acts as a point of growth of sustainable ecotourism of the republic, and the tourist potential as a driving force of the economy. Methods and materials. In the course of the research, a systematic approach, a comprehensive geographical analysis, landscape, geo-ecological, recreational and geographical analysis were used. Field trips and hiking routes were conducted to describe the features of the components of the natural environment, landscape complexes, natural sites-attractions and cultural and historical sites to identify and assess the tourist and recreational potential. Radial field routes were carried out close to the tourist routes that are already functioning and are planned to be implemented in the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park. A sociological survey was conducted, in particular, a questionnaire, to identify the interest of recreants in the valley of the Chulyshman River – one of the main clusters of the natural park and the surrounding area. The target interpretation of the results was performed. The study used and prepared new cartographic materials using geoinformation technologies. Research. An idea of the ecological and tourist potential of the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park has been formed. The main objects of tourist interest of the natural park have been identified both on the basis of recreational-geographical and landscape studies, and according to the results of participants in a sociological survey (questionnaire). The results of the survey of vacationers showed the presence of interest in the natural and historical and cultural objects of the territory. Most of the objects of tourist interest in the region were assessed by respondents at the above-average level. Discussion. The conditions, opportunities and advantages of the development of ecological tourism in the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park are considered. The validity of the tasks of the nature park, consisting in the protection of natural and historical and cultural resources with attention to the ethnic identity of the population, as well as the possibility of generating income from the de
{"title":"The alpine natural park \"Ak Cholushpa\" as an ecotourist interest area","authors":"N. Legacheva, I. Rotanova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-160-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-160-173","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Ak Cholushpa Nature Park is a specially protected natural area located in the mountainous part of the Altai Republic. The park was established in 2011 on the initiative of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) on the territory of the Ulagan district, near the state borders of Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. The Nature Park borders on two sites of the UNESCO World Heritage Site \"Golden Mountains of Altai\" – the Altai State Natural Biosphere Reserve and Lake Teletskoye. The space of the natural park has a wide range of objects of tourist interest. Sustainable eco-tourism is based here on natural and archaeological sites that create the image of the natural park, as well as its brand. The purpose of the study is to form an idea of the eco-tourist potential of the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park of the Altai Republic, in particular, based on the results of a sociological survey. The Nature park acts as a point of growth of sustainable ecotourism of the republic, and the tourist potential as a driving force of the economy. Methods and materials. In the course of the research, a systematic approach, a comprehensive geographical analysis, landscape, geo-ecological, recreational and geographical analysis were used. Field trips and hiking routes were conducted to describe the features of the components of the natural environment, landscape complexes, natural sites-attractions and cultural and historical sites to identify and assess the tourist and recreational potential. Radial field routes were carried out close to the tourist routes that are already functioning and are planned to be implemented in the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park. A sociological survey was conducted, in particular, a questionnaire, to identify the interest of recreants in the valley of the Chulyshman River – one of the main clusters of the natural park and the surrounding area. The target interpretation of the results was performed. The study used and prepared new cartographic materials using geoinformation technologies. Research. An idea of the ecological and tourist potential of the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park has been formed. The main objects of tourist interest of the natural park have been identified both on the basis of recreational-geographical and landscape studies, and according to the results of participants in a sociological survey (questionnaire). The results of the survey of vacationers showed the presence of interest in the natural and historical and cultural objects of the territory. Most of the objects of tourist interest in the region were assessed by respondents at the above-average level. Discussion. The conditions, opportunities and advantages of the development of ecological tourism in the Ak Cholushpa Nature Park are considered. The validity of the tasks of the nature park, consisting in the protection of natural and historical and cultural resources with attention to the ethnic identity of the population, as well as the possibility of generating income from the de","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46062562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-207-216
A. Korobkov, M. Kulik, M. Maslakov
Introduction. In modern conditions (depletion of deposits, complication of development conditions, the application of sanctions on the import of equipment, etc.), a special role is played by increasing the resource of equipment used in the mining industry, including processing drilling impact-rotary tools. One of these methods is cryogenic processing of machining tools, as a result of which the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting tool increase several times. For the production of cryogenic substances such as nitrogen, oxygen, methane, etc. in the liquid state, a method is proposed based on the use of adsorption-cryogenic technology implemented through the use of heat exchangers, the development of calculation methods of which is the subject of this article. The purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for calculating heat exchangers used as cold sources for cryogenic surface treatment of mining equipment tools in order to harden it. Research methods. The analysis of the current state of development of technical and technological solutions in the field of development and construction of heat exchangers was carried out through the use of such informal methods as: expert, morphological and factographic. To optimize the modeling calculations of the a priori selected configuration of the heat exchange surface, the method of uniform (blind) search was used. Research results and discussion: 1. In the course of the conducted research, the results of the analysis of the current state of development of technical and technological solutions in the field of development and construction of heat exchangers were obtained. 2. A method for calculating twisted heat exchangers has been developed. 3. It is determined that the presented method of calculating heat exchangers used as cold sources for cryogenic surface treatment of mining equipment tools in order to harden them allows optimization of modeling calculations a priori of the selected configuration of the heat exchange surface. 4. It is established that: heat exchangers with finned pipes should be used when the ratio of the heat transfer coefficient of the flow inside the pipes to the corresponding coefficient in the inter–tube space is 3 ...5 times greater. 5. The use of finned pipes in heat exchangers makes it possible to increase the area of the outer surface of the pipes due to finning, thereby improving the thermal characteristics of heat exchangers, while reducing its weight and size characteristics. 6. It has been revealed that heat exchangers with dense winding are less efficient compared to devices with sparse winding, and heat exchangers with smooth pipes should be used in cases of proximity of the values of the heat transfer coefficient of flows in the tube and inter-tube space. Resume: 1. The analysis of the current state of development of technical and technological solutions in the field of development and construction of heat exchangers was carried out. 2. A method has been
{"title":"Calculation method for twisted heat exchangers used for heat treatment of mining equipment tools","authors":"A. Korobkov, M. Kulik, M. Maslakov","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-207-216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-207-216","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In modern conditions (depletion of deposits, complication of development conditions, the application of sanctions on the import of equipment, etc.), a special role is played by increasing the resource of equipment used in the mining industry, including processing drilling impact-rotary tools. One of these methods is cryogenic processing of machining tools, as a result of which the hardness and wear resistance of the cutting tool increase several times. For the production of cryogenic substances such as nitrogen, oxygen, methane, etc. in the liquid state, a method is proposed based on the use of adsorption-cryogenic technology implemented through the use of heat exchangers, the development of calculation methods of which is the subject of this article. The purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for calculating heat exchangers used as cold sources for cryogenic surface treatment of mining equipment tools in order to harden it. Research methods. The analysis of the current state of development of technical and technological solutions in the field of development and construction of heat exchangers was carried out through the use of such informal methods as: expert, morphological and factographic. To optimize the modeling calculations of the a priori selected configuration of the heat exchange surface, the method of uniform (blind) search was used. Research results and discussion: 1. In the course of the conducted research, the results of the analysis of the current state of development of technical and technological solutions in the field of development and construction of heat exchangers were obtained. 2. A method for calculating twisted heat exchangers has been developed. 3. It is determined that the presented method of calculating heat exchangers used as cold sources for cryogenic surface treatment of mining equipment tools in order to harden them allows optimization of modeling calculations a priori of the selected configuration of the heat exchange surface. 4. It is established that: heat exchangers with finned pipes should be used when the ratio of the heat transfer coefficient of the flow inside the pipes to the corresponding coefficient in the inter–tube space is 3 ...5 times greater. 5. The use of finned pipes in heat exchangers makes it possible to increase the area of the outer surface of the pipes due to finning, thereby improving the thermal characteristics of heat exchangers, while reducing its weight and size characteristics. 6. It has been revealed that heat exchangers with dense winding are less efficient compared to devices with sparse winding, and heat exchangers with smooth pipes should be used in cases of proximity of the values of the heat transfer coefficient of flows in the tube and inter-tube space. Resume: 1. The analysis of the current state of development of technical and technological solutions in the field of development and construction of heat exchangers was carried out. 2. A method has been ","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44127817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-59-66
G. Sarapulova
Introduction. Assessment of the ecological state of mountainous areas and, especially, large cities, in particular the city of Ulaanbaatar, the study of anthropogenic pressure on sensitive mountain landscapes is very relevant. This is important from the point of view of the contribution of the ecological structural component to the sustainable development of the mountainous area. However, the lack of data on the spatial distribution of the microelement composition of the soil of the urbanized mountainous landscape, especially heavy metals, does not allow a Complex estimationof the ecological state of the territory of the mountainous capital of Mongolia. The purpose of the research: ecological assessment of the soil cover of the metropolis of Ulaanbaatar using geochemical parameters and GIS technologies. Materials and methods of research. Field and physico-chemical methods of studying soils, as well as GIS technologies were used to obtain halo maps of the distribution of anthropogenic pollutants - heavy metals Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg and oil products. Research results. It was revealed that the key parameter of the state of the soil, the pH indicator, reaches 8-9 units, which means alkalization of the surface soil layer. An active ion-exchange complex has been formed, which leads to the accumulation of technogenic pollutants in the soil. The contents of metals Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg exceed their standard values based on MPC (MAC). With the use of GIS, halos of their distribution, as well as oil products in the territory of Ulaanbaatar, were obtained. Discussion. Sources of heavy metals are emissions from thermal power plants operating on lignite. Yurts also contribute to severe soil pollution, as they are heated by coal stoves. A large number of personal vehicles and a chaotically located network of gas stations supply metals and petroleum products to the soil. The formation of sparingly soluble fixed forms of metals as a result of alkalization led to their accumulation in the soil. Linear local fields of metal pollution have been identified, which clearly indicate the ecological trouble in the city and the need to take environmental protection measures. Conclusion. The parameters of the geochemical state of techno-genically altered mountain soils in the city of Ulaanbaatar revealed contamination with heavy metals and NPs. Local pollution modules with the accumulation of chemical toxicants have been formed. The halo maps of their distribution are obtained, the formation of a spatially linear type of pollution of the mountain landscape is shown. Offers. The possibility of zoning the territory according to the degree of environmental safety is shown. This should be taken into account in the social and economic aspects of the development of the metropolis, as well as to create a safe living environment for people, to optimize architectural development, to regulate the placement of a network of gas stations, highways and, especially, yurts.
{"title":"Assessment of Ulaаnbaаtar sustainable development on the basis of soils geochemical analysis","authors":"G. Sarapulova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-59-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-59-66","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Assessment of the ecological state of mountainous areas and, especially, large cities, in particular the city of Ulaanbaatar, the study of anthropogenic pressure on sensitive mountain landscapes is very relevant. This is important from the point of view of the contribution of the ecological structural component to the sustainable development of the mountainous area. However, the lack of data on the spatial distribution of the microelement composition of the soil of the urbanized mountainous landscape, especially heavy metals, does not allow a Complex estimationof the ecological state of the territory of the mountainous capital of Mongolia. The purpose of the research: ecological assessment of the soil cover of the metropolis of Ulaanbaatar using geochemical parameters and GIS technologies. Materials and methods of research. Field and physico-chemical methods of studying soils, as well as GIS technologies were used to obtain halo maps of the distribution of anthropogenic pollutants - heavy metals Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg and oil products. Research results. It was revealed that the key parameter of the state of the soil, the pH indicator, reaches 8-9 units, which means alkalization of the surface soil layer. An active ion-exchange complex has been formed, which leads to the accumulation of technogenic pollutants in the soil. The contents of metals Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg exceed their standard values based on MPC (MAC). With the use of GIS, halos of their distribution, as well as oil products in the territory of Ulaanbaatar, were obtained. Discussion. Sources of heavy metals are emissions from thermal power plants operating on lignite. Yurts also contribute to severe soil pollution, as they are heated by coal stoves. A large number of personal vehicles and a chaotically located network of gas stations supply metals and petroleum products to the soil. The formation of sparingly soluble fixed forms of metals as a result of alkalization led to their accumulation in the soil. Linear local fields of metal pollution have been identified, which clearly indicate the ecological trouble in the city and the need to take environmental protection measures. Conclusion. The parameters of the geochemical state of techno-genically altered mountain soils in the city of Ulaanbaatar revealed contamination with heavy metals and NPs. Local pollution modules with the accumulation of chemical toxicants have been formed. The halo maps of their distribution are obtained, the formation of a spatially linear type of pollution of the mountain landscape is shown. Offers. The possibility of zoning the territory according to the degree of environmental safety is shown. This should be taken into account in the social and economic aspects of the development of the metropolis, as well as to create a safe living environment for people, to optimize architectural development, to regulate the placement of a network of gas stations, highways and, especially, yurts.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41663315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-44-50
I. Alekseyev, Zarema M. Hasheva
The relevance of the work is explained by the need to increase the mineral raw materials extraction volume to meet the demands of industries. The purpose of the work. Formation of new relations in the field of extraction and processing of mineral resources, reducing the contradictions between technology, society and the environment. Materials and methods: systematization, generalization and analysis of theoretical studies using predictive methods. Results. A reference is given on the consumption of mineral resources and the formation of waste from the processing of raw materials. The features of the possession of minerals and the influence of this factor on the formation of world politics are characterized. The urgency of the problem of preserving the natural environment and rational use of subsurface reserves is substantiated. The growth rates of resource production up to 2025 are given. The main directions in the field of mineral resources development are formulated. The article describes an instrument for the implementation of state control over the protection of the subsoil, in which the preservation of the Earth’s surface and its restoration in case of violation by mining operations play a priority role. Recommended measures for rational and integrated use to prevent the loss of raw materials. A model of the economic efficiency of nature conservation according to the criterion improve environmental management. The expediency of cooperation between industrial enterprises in order to increase production efficiency through waste disposal is substantiated. It is shown that the future of mankind depends on the reasonable treatment of nature and the rational use of natural resources, and the efficiency of subsoil use is ensured by the solution of legal and economic problems. Resume. 1. The article substantiates the formation of new relations in the field of extraction and processing of mineral resources, reducing the contradictions among technology, society and the environment. 2. The results of the article can be in demand as an element of the methodology of educating a new attitude to nature which is a link in the system of overcoming antagonistic contradictions between technology and nature.
{"title":"Economic and legal issues of mineral deposits development","authors":"I. Alekseyev, Zarema M. Hasheva","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-44-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-44-50","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the work is explained by the need to increase the mineral raw materials extraction volume to meet the demands of industries. The purpose of the work. Formation of new relations in the field of extraction and processing of mineral resources, reducing the contradictions between technology, society and the environment. Materials and methods: systematization, generalization and analysis of theoretical studies using predictive methods. Results. A reference is given on the consumption of mineral resources and the formation of waste from the processing of raw materials. The features of the possession of minerals and the influence of this factor on the formation of world politics are characterized. The urgency of the problem of preserving the natural environment and rational use of subsurface reserves is substantiated. The growth rates of resource production up to 2025 are given. The main directions in the field of mineral resources development are formulated. The article describes an instrument for the implementation of state control over the protection of the subsoil, in which the preservation of the Earth’s surface and its restoration in case of violation by mining operations play a priority role. Recommended measures for rational and integrated use to prevent the loss of raw materials. A model of the economic efficiency of nature conservation according to the criterion improve environmental management. The expediency of cooperation between industrial enterprises in order to increase production efficiency through waste disposal is substantiated. It is shown that the future of mankind depends on the reasonable treatment of nature and the rational use of natural resources, and the efficiency of subsoil use is ensured by the solution of legal and economic problems. Resume. 1. The article substantiates the formation of new relations in the field of extraction and processing of mineral resources, reducing the contradictions among technology, society and the environment. 2. The results of the article can be in demand as an element of the methodology of educating a new attitude to nature which is a link in the system of overcoming antagonistic contradictions between technology and nature.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47762942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-114-121
M. Oborin
Introduction. T he sphere of ski tourism is one of the priorities of state policy, which is expressed in the following factors: comprehensive restructuring of the tourism sector; development of large infrastructure projects; introduction of a mandatory system of classification of tourist facilities by location; formation of new ski trails and beaches. The strategic direction of the development of the ski tourism sector within the framework of the development of internal and external travel is the growth of consolidation of all territories of the Russian Federation, based on the development of transport infrastructure, purposeful activity of the state, establishing the principles and amounts of fees for various services, transportation of passengers and cargo, export and import of goods, subsidizing interregional transportation. The purpose of the study is to determine the strategic priorities for the development of ski tourism in the world and Russia. Materials and methods of research. Theoretical foundations of the Russian school of strategizing, general logical research methods, system and situational approaches, modeling of economic processes. Research results and discussion. The study identified the main problems and ways to solve them within the framework of sustainable development of the mountainous territories of Russia. It is determined that with global transformation processes, the country has a wide range of opportunities for the development of tourist territories, while it is necessary to develop comprehensive programs for the development of the tourism industry, effective marketing solutions in the context of strengthening the interaction of the country's tourist facilities with international tourist markets. Conclusion. Comprehensive solutions to the key problems of mountain territories require the development of a unified system of classification and accessibility of tourist information, the creation of a modern regulatory framework for tourism development, the formation of large ski complexes and territories that operate all year round and are accessible to the average citizen, the development of environmental aspects in the tourism sector.
{"title":"Trends in the development of ski tourism in Karachay-Cherkessia","authors":"M. Oborin","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-114-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-114-121","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. T he sphere of ski tourism is one of the priorities of state policy, which is expressed in the following factors: comprehensive restructuring of the tourism sector; development of large infrastructure projects; introduction of a mandatory system of classification of tourist facilities by location; formation of new ski trails and beaches. The strategic direction of the development of the ski tourism sector within the framework of the development of internal and external travel is the growth of consolidation of all territories of the Russian Federation, based on the development of transport infrastructure, purposeful activity of the state, establishing the principles and amounts of fees for various services, transportation of passengers and cargo, export and import of goods, subsidizing interregional transportation. The purpose of the study is to determine the strategic priorities for the development of ski tourism in the world and Russia. Materials and methods of research. Theoretical foundations of the Russian school of strategizing, general logical research methods, system and situational approaches, modeling of economic processes. Research results and discussion. The study identified the main problems and ways to solve them within the framework of sustainable development of the mountainous territories of Russia. It is determined that with global transformation processes, the country has a wide range of opportunities for the development of tourist territories, while it is necessary to develop comprehensive programs for the development of the tourism industry, effective marketing solutions in the context of strengthening the interaction of the country's tourist facilities with international tourist markets. Conclusion. Comprehensive solutions to the key problems of mountain territories require the development of a unified system of classification and accessibility of tourist information, the creation of a modern regulatory framework for tourism development, the formation of large ski complexes and territories that operate all year round and are accessible to the average citizen, the development of environmental aspects in the tourism sector.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43511319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-676-684
K. Sanakulov, A. Vorobyov, Evgeny Kozyrev, Zhang Lianzi
Introduction. At present, in the instrumental study of the mineral forms of finding gold in geogenic and technogenic ores, more and more attention has been paid to free gold, with a size of several nanometers. Such gold has been found in almost all types of its geogenic ores: starting with deposits of primary sulfide ores and ending with various gold-bearing placers. A similar situation is observed with technogenic gold-bearing ores accumulated in numerous dumps and tailings. At the same time, with the increase in research on nanogold, not only its fundamental, but also practical importance grows, because. in theoretical and applied research, more and more of its actual physical and chemical properties and previously unknown phenomena and effects accompanying them are discovered and clarified. Research methods and materials. An important aspect is the instrumental study of the geometry of various forms of nanogold occurrence in natural (geogenic) and technogenic ores and minerals. The instrumental and analytical part of our research was based on the visualization of nanoparticles obtained from the Nanjing Research Institute of the Chemical Industry under Sinopec (PRC), carried out on a JEOL 2010F microscope. Research results. The studied gold nanoparticles were presented in the form: • spherical fullerene-like monoparticles; • fullerene-like gold cells, consisting of a different number (from 13 to 20 clusters) of gold nanoparticles; • self-organized «fractal» dendrites; • rather complex composites with the participation of nanogold; • various aggregates of nanoparticles, etc. The concentrations of gold nanoparticles vary significantly from one deposit to another and between individual ore facies (even within the same deposit). Discussion of the obtained results. It was found that nanogold can be contained in arsenopyrites in 2 main forms: a) as a structurally bound solid solution (Au + 1) located in the lattice of this mineral; b) in separate mineral inclusions of submicron size or nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles (5-10 nm in size) detected in arsenopyrite in concentrations up to 4% mass fraction are sufficiently representative to account for their amount in gold-bearing ores. A gold nanoparticle with a size of 3 nm usually has an average coordination number CN = 9.5, similar nanoparticles with a size of 1 nm have an average CN = 6, and nanoparticles with a size of 0.5–1 nm have an average CN = 3.6. Conclusion. To date, a nanoparticle catalyst has been developed in which gold clusters are attached to metal oxides that are semiconductors. At the same time, their number is very limited and includes only Fe2O3, TiO2, CeO2, and MgO compounds, which can be used not only in the form of nanoparticles, but also nanofilms. Such an innovative nanocatalyst ensures the efficient flow of a number of oxidative and other processes with hydrocarbons at normal temperatures, which is difficult to achieve by other methods. Findings. The article presents the result
{"title":"Physical and chemical properties of gold nanoparticles in ores and catalysts","authors":"K. Sanakulov, A. Vorobyov, Evgeny Kozyrev, Zhang Lianzi","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-676-684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-676-684","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. At present, in the instrumental study of the mineral forms of finding gold in geogenic and technogenic ores, more and more attention has been paid to free gold, with a size of several nanometers. Such gold has been found in almost all types of its geogenic ores: starting with deposits of primary sulfide ores and ending with various gold-bearing placers. A similar situation is observed with technogenic gold-bearing ores accumulated in numerous dumps and tailings. At the same time, with the increase in research on nanogold, not only its fundamental, but also practical importance grows, because. in theoretical and applied research, more and more of its actual physical and chemical properties and previously unknown phenomena and effects accompanying them are discovered and clarified. Research methods and materials. An important aspect is the instrumental study of the geometry of various forms of nanogold occurrence in natural (geogenic) and technogenic ores and minerals. The instrumental and analytical part of our research was based on the visualization of nanoparticles obtained from the Nanjing Research Institute of the Chemical Industry under Sinopec (PRC), carried out on a JEOL 2010F microscope. Research results. The studied gold nanoparticles were presented in the form: • spherical fullerene-like monoparticles; • fullerene-like gold cells, consisting of a different number (from 13 to 20 clusters) of gold nanoparticles; • self-organized «fractal» dendrites; • rather complex composites with the participation of nanogold; • various aggregates of nanoparticles, etc. The concentrations of gold nanoparticles vary significantly from one deposit to another and between individual ore facies (even within the same deposit). Discussion of the obtained results. It was found that nanogold can be contained in arsenopyrites in 2 main forms: a) as a structurally bound solid solution (Au + 1) located in the lattice of this mineral; b) in separate mineral inclusions of submicron size or nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles (5-10 nm in size) detected in arsenopyrite in concentrations up to 4% mass fraction are sufficiently representative to account for their amount in gold-bearing ores. A gold nanoparticle with a size of 3 nm usually has an average coordination number CN = 9.5, similar nanoparticles with a size of 1 nm have an average CN = 6, and nanoparticles with a size of 0.5–1 nm have an average CN = 3.6. Conclusion. To date, a nanoparticle catalyst has been developed in which gold clusters are attached to metal oxides that are semiconductors. At the same time, their number is very limited and includes only Fe2O3, TiO2, CeO2, and MgO compounds, which can be used not only in the form of nanoparticles, but also nanofilms. Such an innovative nanocatalyst ensures the efficient flow of a number of oxidative and other processes with hydrocarbons at normal temperatures, which is difficult to achieve by other methods. Findings. The article presents the result","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44172957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-603-614
P. Kaung, D.Ya. Solovykh, D. Nagorniy, D. Adigamov
Introduction. The relevance of the work is caused by the need to eliminate the arising automatic vibration processes of the pendent roller of the conveyor linear sections relative to roller pendant and minimization of vibration synchronization processes of a significant number of pendent rollers, leading to a conveyor stop. Previous studies have established that the most effective way to transport coarse material in underground mining is a belt conveyor. These studies have identified the disadvantages of conveyor transportation.The most common ones include the auto-vibration of the pendent roller of the conveyor linear sections relative to roller pendant. The manifestation of roller automatic vibrations increases the energy intensity of the process and reduces the performance of the belt conveyor. Objective. To set the angle of the conveyor belt inclination and the tension of the ropes of the load-bearing structure with the lowest amplitude vibrations of the pendent roller in order to reduce the energy intensity of the transportation process during the deposit development and increase the operational performance of the conveyor. Task. Modeling the possibility of manifestation and causes of occurrence, as well as the circumstances of long-term preservation of roller automatic vibrationson conveyors. Materials and methods of research. The object of the study is a conveyor belt with different angles of inclination (transportation).The authors conducted analysis and summary of previously performed own research; comparison with newly obtained experimental results; as well as a generalization of theoretical and experimental studies carried out by scientists in this field; synthesizing literature and patent data. Reliabilityis confirmed with application of actual state standards and approved research methodology. Boundary conditions are accepted: conveying of ordinary medium- and small- sizedmaterials is carried out; there is a constant unit load on the belt during transportation. Two types of connection are considered: the presence of an anchoring branch of roller with the ropes; absence of an anchoring branch that is the hinged connection of roller with the ropes. Research results. It has been established that when the belt moves with a load, the pendent roller deflects along the direction of the belt movement, regardless of the type of anchoring. The angle of the side roller inclination is calculated through the sliding velocity relative to the belt. The characteristics of sliding friction or change in sliding friction coefficient are modeled. The influence of the pendent roller mass on the process of automatic vibrationsat various angles of conveyor inclination has been evaluated. The reason for the occurrence of automatic vibrationsis established. Conclusion. Design changes that prevent side roller misalignment are recommended to reduce the likelihood of automatic vibrations.The side roller misalignment angle interval, beyond which stable conveyor
{"title":"Modelling of belt conveyor movement considering the inclination angle and tension of the ropes of the load bearing structure","authors":"P. Kaung, D.Ya. Solovykh, D. Nagorniy, D. Adigamov","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-603-614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-603-614","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The relevance of the work is caused by the need to eliminate the arising automatic vibration processes of the pendent roller of the conveyor linear sections relative to roller pendant and minimization of vibration synchronization processes of a significant number of pendent rollers, leading to a conveyor stop. Previous studies have established that the most effective way to transport coarse material in underground mining is a belt conveyor. These studies have identified the disadvantages of conveyor transportation.The most common ones include the auto-vibration of the pendent roller of the conveyor linear sections relative to roller pendant. The manifestation of roller automatic vibrations increases the energy intensity of the process and reduces the performance of the belt conveyor. Objective. To set the angle of the conveyor belt inclination and the tension of the ropes of the load-bearing structure with the lowest amplitude vibrations of the pendent roller in order to reduce the energy intensity of the transportation process during the deposit development and increase the operational performance of the conveyor. Task. Modeling the possibility of manifestation and causes of occurrence, as well as the circumstances of long-term preservation of roller automatic vibrationson conveyors. Materials and methods of research. The object of the study is a conveyor belt with different angles of inclination (transportation).The authors conducted analysis and summary of previously performed own research; comparison with newly obtained experimental results; as well as a generalization of theoretical and experimental studies carried out by scientists in this field; synthesizing literature and patent data. Reliabilityis confirmed with application of actual state standards and approved research methodology. Boundary conditions are accepted: conveying of ordinary medium- and small- sizedmaterials is carried out; there is a constant unit load on the belt during transportation. Two types of connection are considered: the presence of an anchoring branch of roller with the ropes; absence of an anchoring branch that is the hinged connection of roller with the ropes. Research results. It has been established that when the belt moves with a load, the pendent roller deflects along the direction of the belt movement, regardless of the type of anchoring. The angle of the side roller inclination is calculated through the sliding velocity relative to the belt. The characteristics of sliding friction or change in sliding friction coefficient are modeled. The influence of the pendent roller mass on the process of automatic vibrationsat various angles of conveyor inclination has been evaluated. The reason for the occurrence of automatic vibrationsis established. Conclusion. Design changes that prevent side roller misalignment are recommended to reduce the likelihood of automatic vibrations.The side roller misalignment angle interval, beyond which stable conveyor ","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48726671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-555-563
I. Kerimov, L. Bekmurzaeva
Introduction. For the first time, the problem of global warming was officially announced in 1976 by the World Meteorological Organization. The most complete picture of ongoing climate change, causes, consequences and response strategies can be obtained from the reports of the IPCC (intergovernmental group of experts). There are many works devoted to regional climate changes, including those in the North Caucasus. However, these works do not reflect the modern agro-climatic conditions of the mountainous landscapes of the North Caucasus which occupy 27% of the territory and are actively involved in agriculture. Aim - analysis of modern agro-climatic conditions of the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus in a changing climate. Materials and research methods. To assess agro-climatic conditions, traditional agro-climatic indicators were used, such as annual and average monthly air temperatures; sums of active temperatures exceeding 5 and 10°С; dates of stable transition of the average daily air temperature through 0, 5 and 10°C in spring and autumn; the duration of the period with an average daily temperature of 0, 5, 10 ° C, the average temperature of the coldest and warmest months of the calendar year, annual precipitation, hydrothermal coefficient. The processing of the material was carried out by methods of mathematical statistics using Excel spreadsheets. Processed data on temperature and precipitation in the period from 1961 to 2020 for six meteorological stations. Research results. For the period from 1961 to 2020, within the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus, there is an increase in annual air temperature compared to the previous period by an average of 0,5 °C. Against the background of an increase in annual temperature, such agro climatic indicators as the sum of active temperatures increased, exceeding 5o and 10oC by 6 and 13%, respectively. The stable transition of the average daily air temperature through 0, 5, 10°C has also undergone changes. In spring, on average, this happens 5, 1, 6 days earlier. Whereas in autumn, on the contrary, 3, 1, 5 days later. The duration of the period with an average daily temperature of 0, 5, 10 °C increased by an average of 10, 3, 13 days, respectively. Precipitation increased at all meteorological stations, with the exception of the Klukhorsky cross, by an average of 45 mm. The hydrothermal coefficient, which characterizes precipitation during the growing season, remained within the limits of natural fluctuation, except for the Klukhorsky cross, where it decreased due to a decrease in precipitation during the warm period. Discussion. The analysis of the agro-climatic conditions of the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus for 1961-2020. revealed trends in the growth of annual temperature and precipitation, however, the moisture supply of the active vegetation period, estimated using the HTC, remained unchanged. Our results correlate with the official data of Rosgydromet, published in the R
{"title":"Modern agro-climatic conditions of mountain landscapes in the North Caucasus","authors":"I. Kerimov, L. Bekmurzaeva","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-555-563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-555-563","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. For the first time, the problem of global warming was officially announced in 1976 by the World Meteorological Organization. The most complete picture of ongoing climate change, causes, consequences and response strategies can be obtained from the reports of the IPCC (intergovernmental group of experts). There are many works devoted to regional climate changes, including those in the North Caucasus. However, these works do not reflect the modern agro-climatic conditions of the mountainous landscapes of the North Caucasus which occupy 27% of the territory and are actively involved in agriculture. Aim - analysis of modern agro-climatic conditions of the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus in a changing climate. Materials and research methods. To assess agro-climatic conditions, traditional agro-climatic indicators were used, such as annual and average monthly air temperatures; sums of active temperatures exceeding 5 and 10°С; dates of stable transition of the average daily air temperature through 0, 5 and 10°C in spring and autumn; the duration of the period with an average daily temperature of 0, 5, 10 ° C, the average temperature of the coldest and warmest months of the calendar year, annual precipitation, hydrothermal coefficient. The processing of the material was carried out by methods of mathematical statistics using Excel spreadsheets. Processed data on temperature and precipitation in the period from 1961 to 2020 for six meteorological stations. Research results. For the period from 1961 to 2020, within the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus, there is an increase in annual air temperature compared to the previous period by an average of 0,5 °C. Against the background of an increase in annual temperature, such agro climatic indicators as the sum of active temperatures increased, exceeding 5o and 10oC by 6 and 13%, respectively. The stable transition of the average daily air temperature through 0, 5, 10°C has also undergone changes. In spring, on average, this happens 5, 1, 6 days earlier. Whereas in autumn, on the contrary, 3, 1, 5 days later. The duration of the period with an average daily temperature of 0, 5, 10 °C increased by an average of 10, 3, 13 days, respectively. Precipitation increased at all meteorological stations, with the exception of the Klukhorsky cross, by an average of 45 mm. The hydrothermal coefficient, which characterizes precipitation during the growing season, remained within the limits of natural fluctuation, except for the Klukhorsky cross, where it decreased due to a decrease in precipitation during the warm period. Discussion. The analysis of the agro-climatic conditions of the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus for 1961-2020. revealed trends in the growth of annual temperature and precipitation, however, the moisture supply of the active vegetation period, estimated using the HTC, remained unchanged. Our results correlate with the official data of Rosgydromet, published in the R","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42255170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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