Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-546-554
A. Dunets, S. Mamenov
Introduction. The Altai Mountains are a mountain system that is part of the sub latitudinal Altai-Sayan mountainous country. The mountains are the watershed between the basins of the Arctic Ocean and the drainleess region of Central Asia. This is the territory where the sources of the Irtysh and the Ob are located. Materials and research мethods. The article uses a regional approach to the study of a mountainous region. From the standpoint of the historical-geographical approach, the historical aspects of the formation of the transboundary essence of the Great Altai concept are revealed. Research results. The analysis of the origin of the understanding of the transboundary essence of Altai as a territory of cooperation is carried out. Expeditionary groups have been identified that have made a significant contribution to the understanding of the Great Altai. This made it possible to present the modern features of the economic, geographical and geopolitical position of the region. Discussion. A concept for the development of the region within the framework of the main areas of cooperation is proposed. The interests of Russia are indicated to promote the uniqueness of the territory and use its opportunities for tourism. Conclusion. The geographical position and natural resources make the Altai Mountains an important object in the development of cross-border cooperation. Since the 18th century scientists are actively exploring the territory for its effective use. The Great Altai has the prospect of becoming a trade and economic corridor between Russia, Mongolia and China. Resume. Since the beginning of the 2000s, forms of cross-border cooperation between the countries of the Greater Altai have appeared. The developed concept of the economic council within the framework of the ISS «Altai» will help to implement cooperation in various areas.
{"title":"Geographic identity of the concept of «Greater Altai» and promising areas of cross-border cooperation in the region","authors":"A. Dunets, S. Mamenov","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-546-554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-546-554","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The Altai Mountains are a mountain system that is part of the sub latitudinal Altai-Sayan mountainous country. The mountains are the watershed between the basins of the Arctic Ocean and the drainleess region of Central Asia. This is the territory where the sources of the Irtysh and the Ob are located. Materials and research мethods. The article uses a regional approach to the study of a mountainous region. From the standpoint of the historical-geographical approach, the historical aspects of the formation of the transboundary essence of the Great Altai concept are revealed. Research results. The analysis of the origin of the understanding of the transboundary essence of Altai as a territory of cooperation is carried out. Expeditionary groups have been identified that have made a significant contribution to the understanding of the Great Altai. This made it possible to present the modern features of the economic, geographical and geopolitical position of the region. Discussion. A concept for the development of the region within the framework of the main areas of cooperation is proposed. The interests of Russia are indicated to promote the uniqueness of the territory and use its opportunities for tourism. Conclusion. The geographical position and natural resources make the Altai Mountains an important object in the development of cross-border cooperation. Since the 18th century scientists are actively exploring the territory for its effective use. The Great Altai has the prospect of becoming a trade and economic corridor between Russia, Mongolia and China. Resume. Since the beginning of the 2000s, forms of cross-border cooperation between the countries of the Greater Altai have appeared. The developed concept of the economic council within the framework of the ISS «Altai» will help to implement cooperation in various areas.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44319274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-666-675
Alexander Badov, Оleg Badov, Larisa Dzakhova, Ju.B. Byazrova
Introduction. The dynamics of the vital movement of the population of the North Caucasus for 2005-2020 is investigated. Research methods and materials. Both traditional and the latest geographic research methods are used - comparative geographical, spatial analysis, statistical, GIS technologies, population surveys, etc. Research results. The conducted studies have shown that despite the apparent well-being, a tense demographic situation is developing in the North Caucasus. Favorable demographic results are obtained only at the expense of three subjects - Dagestan, Ingushetia and Chechnya. In other regions, narrowed and negative reproduction is observed. The natural increase is getting lower and lower. The small generation born in the 1990s reached the fertile age. COVID-19 restrictions and a crisis in the economy have led to an even greater decline in the birth rate and an increase in mortality. The conducted geodemographic classification of the regions of the North Caucasus showed that the most favorable situation is observed in Ingushetia, the situation is slightly worse in Chechnya and Dagestan, narrowed reproduction in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and the most tense situation is in North Ossetia and the Stavropol Territory. Conclusion. To improve the situation, a differentiated approach is needed to different regions in the demographic sphere, the creation of new workplaces. The outflow of the able-bodied population from the regions of the North Caucasus leads to a violation of the population age composition and, thereby, undermines the fertility of the population. This leads to a decrease in the birth rate and, accordingly, natural increase. Resume. The article presents the results of studies of the natural movement of the population of Russia and the North Caucasus Federal District. At the same time, the multi-scale method of research and geodemographic classification was taken as the basis. It has been established that relatively favorable results on the scale of Russia were achieved in the North Caucasus Federal District, and on the scale of the North Caucasian Federal District - in Ingushetia, Chechnya and Dagestan. It was determined that along with the traditional factors of mortality, the factor of infectious morbidity began to play a significant role. It is shown that at the same time, mortality in working age has increased. It was revealed that there is a significant territorial differentiation of the natural movement of the population both in Russia as a whole and in the North Caucasus Federal District. The results of the research can be useful in developing programs for further demographic development of the regions.
{"title":"Geodemographic classification of the North Caucasus Federal District Regions","authors":"Alexander Badov, Оleg Badov, Larisa Dzakhova, Ju.B. Byazrova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-666-675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-666-675","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The dynamics of the vital movement of the population of the North Caucasus for 2005-2020 is investigated. Research methods and materials. Both traditional and the latest geographic research methods are used - comparative geographical, spatial analysis, statistical, GIS technologies, population surveys, etc. Research results. The conducted studies have shown that despite the apparent well-being, a tense demographic situation is developing in the North Caucasus. Favorable demographic results are obtained only at the expense of three subjects - Dagestan, Ingushetia and Chechnya. In other regions, narrowed and negative reproduction is observed. The natural increase is getting lower and lower. The small generation born in the 1990s reached the fertile age. COVID-19 restrictions and a crisis in the economy have led to an even greater decline in the birth rate and an increase in mortality. The conducted geodemographic classification of the regions of the North Caucasus showed that the most favorable situation is observed in Ingushetia, the situation is slightly worse in Chechnya and Dagestan, narrowed reproduction in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia and the most tense situation is in North Ossetia and the Stavropol Territory. Conclusion. To improve the situation, a differentiated approach is needed to different regions in the demographic sphere, the creation of new workplaces. The outflow of the able-bodied population from the regions of the North Caucasus leads to a violation of the population age composition and, thereby, undermines the fertility of the population. This leads to a decrease in the birth rate and, accordingly, natural increase. Resume. The article presents the results of studies of the natural movement of the population of Russia and the North Caucasus Federal District. At the same time, the multi-scale method of research and geodemographic classification was taken as the basis. It has been established that relatively favorable results on the scale of Russia were achieved in the North Caucasus Federal District, and on the scale of the North Caucasian Federal District - in Ingushetia, Chechnya and Dagestan. It was determined that along with the traditional factors of mortality, the factor of infectious morbidity began to play a significant role. It is shown that at the same time, mortality in working age has increased. It was revealed that there is a significant territorial differentiation of the natural movement of the population both in Russia as a whole and in the North Caucasus Federal District. The results of the research can be useful in developing programs for further demographic development of the regions.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47881973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-685-694
Yurii A. Kuznetsov, D. Stadnik, Nino Stadnik, E. Shadyzheva
This article presents the results of optimizing the reliability and reliability of the time forecast’s development reserves of the coal mine long wall areas and the preparation time of the face longwall line. A scheme of the reproduction the long wall front process in the form of a decision tree model has been developed. The dependences of the optimal probability of the absence of coal mining losses and the optimal dynamic time reserve on the reliability of longwall and preparatory work and on the ratio of damage in case of shortage, as well as the costs of maintaining the cleaning front, are established. It is shown that when forming a mining development plan, the value of the optimal dynamic time reserve should be determined for each treatment face. It is determined that when providing dynamic redundancy of the process of reproduction of the longwall front, the possibilities of performing degassing and drainage of mineral reserves being prepared for extraction are more fully realized which positively affects the level of reliability and safety of longwall operations.
{"title":"Methodological bases for synthesis operation models for control of the reproduction process of the advancing faces of coal mines","authors":"Yurii A. Kuznetsov, D. Stadnik, Nino Stadnik, E. Shadyzheva","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-685-694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-685-694","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of optimizing the reliability and reliability of the time forecast’s development reserves of the coal mine long wall areas and the preparation time of the face longwall line. A scheme of the reproduction the long wall front process in the form of a decision tree model has been developed. The dependences of the optimal probability of the absence of coal mining losses and the optimal dynamic time reserve on the reliability of longwall and preparatory work and on the ratio of damage in case of shortage, as well as the costs of maintaining the cleaning front, are established. It is shown that when forming a mining development plan, the value of the optimal dynamic time reserve should be determined for each treatment face. It is determined that when providing dynamic redundancy of the process of reproduction of the longwall front, the possibilities of performing degassing and drainage of mineral reserves being prepared for extraction are more fully realized which positively affects the level of reliability and safety of longwall operations.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-702-710
Yuri Dmitrak, V. Atrushkevich, L. Adamova
Introduction. The physical properties of rocks, which determine the choice of the type of mill, as well as its operating parameters, are considered. The importance of studying the damping properties of the crushed material and their influence on the energy intensity of the grinding process is noted. Research methods and materials. The differential equation of motion of the crack wall, previously obtained by the authors of the article, is applied when it is exposed to a shock wave with amplitude σ and duration τ. The classical theory of damped oscillations of the system is used to determine the damping decrement of the shock pulse amplitude. A series of experimental studies was carried out on a laboratory sample of a drum mill to determine the magnitude of the shock pulse damping coefficient. Rocks from various deposits in Russia with strictly defined strength characteristics were used as the crushed material. Research results. Dependences of the amplitude of the shock pulse on time are constructed for the grinding of granite raw materials, carbonate rocks and soft rocks (gypsum) in a drum mill. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. When grinding strong and very hard rocks in a drum mill, a strong impact occurs (with a large amplitude and duration of the shock pulse) and with its weak damping when propagating in the rock. 2. When grinding carbonate rocks, doubling the angular velocity of rotation of the grinding chamber leads to an increase in the amplitude of the shock pulse by about 1.5 times. 3. The duration of shock wave propagation in both cases is approximately equal. 4. The frequency of grinding media collisions increases significantly. This indicates a sharp increase in the energy intensity of the grinding process. 5. When grinding soft rocks in a drum mill, almost half of the input energy is spent on overcoming the damping properties of the material, and small, frequent pulses, which consume half of all energy, are not able to grind the material to the desired size. Discussion. Based on the conducted studies, graphs of dependencies between the main parameters of the drum mill were constructed. The dependences of the duration of the shock pulse on the average diameter of the particles of the crushed material are constructed. The analysis of these dependences made it possible to conclude that the duration of the shock pulse is in a parabolic dependence on the value of the average particle diameter of the crushed material. The dependences of the damping coefficient on the damping decrement of the shock pulse amplitude are constructed. The analysis of these dependences allowed us to conclude that the shock pulse damping coefficient increases almost linearly with an increase in the damping decrement of the shock pulse amplitude. The dependences of the damping coefficient of the shock pulse on the average diameter of the particles of the crushed material are constructed. The analysis of these dependences allowed us to conclude that the shock
{"title":"Determination of damping coefficient of shock impulse for rocks grinding process","authors":"Yuri Dmitrak, V. Atrushkevich, L. Adamova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-702-710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-702-710","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The physical properties of rocks, which determine the choice of the type of mill, as well as its operating parameters, are considered. The importance of studying the damping properties of the crushed material and their influence on the energy intensity of the grinding process is noted. Research methods and materials. The differential equation of motion of the crack wall, previously obtained by the authors of the article, is applied when it is exposed to a shock wave with amplitude σ and duration τ. The classical theory of damped oscillations of the system is used to determine the damping decrement of the shock pulse amplitude. A series of experimental studies was carried out on a laboratory sample of a drum mill to determine the magnitude of the shock pulse damping coefficient. Rocks from various deposits in Russia with strictly defined strength characteristics were used as the crushed material. Research results. Dependences of the amplitude of the shock pulse on time are constructed for the grinding of granite raw materials, carbonate rocks and soft rocks (gypsum) in a drum mill. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. When grinding strong and very hard rocks in a drum mill, a strong impact occurs (with a large amplitude and duration of the shock pulse) and with its weak damping when propagating in the rock. 2. When grinding carbonate rocks, doubling the angular velocity of rotation of the grinding chamber leads to an increase in the amplitude of the shock pulse by about 1.5 times. 3. The duration of shock wave propagation in both cases is approximately equal. 4. The frequency of grinding media collisions increases significantly. This indicates a sharp increase in the energy intensity of the grinding process. 5. When grinding soft rocks in a drum mill, almost half of the input energy is spent on overcoming the damping properties of the material, and small, frequent pulses, which consume half of all energy, are not able to grind the material to the desired size. Discussion. Based on the conducted studies, graphs of dependencies between the main parameters of the drum mill were constructed. The dependences of the duration of the shock pulse on the average diameter of the particles of the crushed material are constructed. The analysis of these dependences made it possible to conclude that the duration of the shock pulse is in a parabolic dependence on the value of the average particle diameter of the crushed material. The dependences of the damping coefficient on the damping decrement of the shock pulse amplitude are constructed. The analysis of these dependences allowed us to conclude that the shock pulse damping coefficient increases almost linearly with an increase in the damping decrement of the shock pulse amplitude. The dependences of the damping coefficient of the shock pulse on the average diameter of the particles of the crushed material are constructed. The analysis of these dependences allowed us to conclude that the shock","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41742319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-529-545
R. Ismagilov, E. Chanturiya, D. Shekhirev
ntroduction. When developing a technology for the enrichment of mineral raw materials, reliable information about its material composition and a qualified technological interpretation of the data obtained is important which allows us to pre-evaluate the possibility of obtaining enrichment products of the required quality. The quality of raw materials to produce metallized pellets (DRI) and hot-briquetted iron (HBI) has high requirements for the content of iron, silica, and other impurities. For Mikhailovsky GOK named after A.V. Varicheva (MGOKa) the priority task is to develop a technology for the isolation of high-quality magnetite concentrates with a reduced content of impurities to produce DRI pellets. The purpose of the work. Using the example of the material of the over-latticed product of wet thin screening, we propose a methodological approach and develop an algorithm for preliminary evaluation of the possibility of obtaining magnetite concentrates of improved quality from iron ore concentrates of the MGOC and substantiate the maximum possible technological indicators of the process of enrichment. Research methodology. Fritch’s Analizette 22 laser analyzer, ECLIPSE LV100-POL polarizing microscope, SMZ-1500 optical stereomicroscope equipped with DS-5M-L1 digital micro-photographic system and MLA 650 (FEI Company) automated mineralogical analysis tool complex was used to study. The data array was processed using standard MLA software, as well as personal algorithms, in an Excel environment, taking into account expert knowledge on enrichment technology. Amines were used for the reverse flotation of the crushed super lattice product. The content of elements in the samples was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. Research results. A methodological approach to the predictive assessment of technological indicators of ore enrichment is proposed, which allows, based on the study of a statistically representative number of particles of the source material and expert technological knowledge, to calculate the mineral, elemental composition, the maximum possible quality and extraction of valuable components and impurities into the concentrate. On the example of the over-lattice product of fine screening of an ordinary concentrate of magnetic separation of nonoxidized ferruginous quartzites of the Mikhailovsky GOK named after A.V. Varichev developed an algorithm for predictive evaluation of technological indicators enrichment, which consists in processing information about the mass fraction of each particle among the statistically reliable number of counted particles, its equivalent diameter, the mass fraction of all minerals and elements included in the particle, as well as the fraction of the particle surface represented by each of the minerals and a number of other parameters using standard MLA software, as well as its own algorithms, in the Excel environment, taking into account expert knowledge on enrichment technology. Additional processing
{"title":"Prognostical assessment of technological indicators of ferruginous quartzites enrichment","authors":"R. Ismagilov, E. Chanturiya, D. Shekhirev","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-529-545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-529-545","url":null,"abstract":"ntroduction. When developing a technology for the enrichment of mineral raw materials, reliable information about its material composition and a qualified technological interpretation of the data obtained is important which allows us to pre-evaluate the possibility of obtaining enrichment products of the required quality. The quality of raw materials to produce metallized pellets (DRI) and hot-briquetted iron (HBI) has high requirements for the content of iron, silica, and other impurities. For Mikhailovsky GOK named after A.V. Varicheva (MGOKa) the priority task is to develop a technology for the isolation of high-quality magnetite concentrates with a reduced content of impurities to produce DRI pellets. The purpose of the work. Using the example of the material of the over-latticed product of wet thin screening, we propose a methodological approach and develop an algorithm for preliminary evaluation of the possibility of obtaining magnetite concentrates of improved quality from iron ore concentrates of the MGOC and substantiate the maximum possible technological indicators of the process of enrichment. Research methodology. Fritch’s Analizette 22 laser analyzer, ECLIPSE LV100-POL polarizing microscope, SMZ-1500 optical stereomicroscope equipped with DS-5M-L1 digital micro-photographic system and MLA 650 (FEI Company) automated mineralogical analysis tool complex was used to study. The data array was processed using standard MLA software, as well as personal algorithms, in an Excel environment, taking into account expert knowledge on enrichment technology. Amines were used for the reverse flotation of the crushed super lattice product. The content of elements in the samples was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. Research results. A methodological approach to the predictive assessment of technological indicators of ore enrichment is proposed, which allows, based on the study of a statistically representative number of particles of the source material and expert technological knowledge, to calculate the mineral, elemental composition, the maximum possible quality and extraction of valuable components and impurities into the concentrate. On the example of the over-lattice product of fine screening of an ordinary concentrate of magnetic separation of nonoxidized ferruginous quartzites of the Mikhailovsky GOK named after A.V. Varichev developed an algorithm for predictive evaluation of technological indicators enrichment, which consists in processing information about the mass fraction of each particle among the statistically reliable number of counted particles, its equivalent diameter, the mass fraction of all minerals and elements included in the particle, as well as the fraction of the particle surface represented by each of the minerals and a number of other parameters using standard MLA software, as well as its own algorithms, in the Excel environment, taking into account expert knowledge on enrichment technology. Additional processing ","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41492303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-623-631
V. Fedotenko, Stanislav Matva
Introduction. The solution of the level maintaining problem of blasting negative impact on the environment and protected objects within acceptable values while simultaneously increasing the volume and intensity of preparation of overburden by drilling and blasting lies in the field of improving methods and means, as well as optimizing the parameters of blasting, including by determining the optimal values of deceleration intervals during short-delayed blasting of overburden. Research methods and materials. To solve this problem, an algorithm was developed implemented in a software package that allows calculating the number of wells being blown up simultaneously; modeling and visually demonstrating the development of an explosion; calculating combinations of values of deceleration values of short-delayed blasting between rows of wells and between wells in a row; quantifying the quality of the found combination of values of deceleration values of short-delayed blasting and visually displaying how much the mass explosion proceeds uniformly in time, as well as the total duration of the explosion. Research results. The calculation of deceleration values combinations of short-delayed blasting between rows of wells and between wells in a row is performed depending on the number of rows of wells and the number of wells in a row for the selected number of wells exploding simultaneously. It is established that with an increase in the number of rows of wells, the number of points corresponding to a particular number of wells being blown up simultaneously (in the interval of 20 ms) decreases. At the same time, the sets of points corresponding to each next step of increasing the number of rows partially belong to the set of points corresponding to the previous step, and solutions for different values of the number of wells in a series with a constant number of rows are mutually exclusive. It is shown that with an increase in the values of the deceleration intervals, the quality of the solution increases in the case of a constant number of wells exploding simultaneously. Conclusion. The choice of optimal deceleration intervals during drilling and blasting operations is an effective way to control the seismic impact on protected objects. Increasing the deceleration to a value that ensures the formation of additional exposed surfaces is effective from the point of view of providing a complex effect as a result of an explosion, as a combination of the possibility of obtaining the required quality of rock crushing and reducing the seismic impact on protected objects. Resume. The developed algorithm, implemented in the software package, makes it possible to efficiently calculate the number of wells exploding simultaneously, find the optimal combination of values of deceleration values, quantify the quality of the found combination. For a more adequate assessment of the expected seismic impact, it is necessary to calculate the ratio of the duration of the period of
{"title":"Deceleration interval optimization during short-delayed blasting of overburden in the sections of Kuzbass","authors":"V. Fedotenko, Stanislav Matva","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-623-631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-623-631","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The solution of the level maintaining problem of blasting negative impact on the environment and protected objects within acceptable values while simultaneously increasing the volume and intensity of preparation of overburden by drilling and blasting lies in the field of improving methods and means, as well as optimizing the parameters of blasting, including by determining the optimal values of deceleration intervals during short-delayed blasting of overburden. Research methods and materials. To solve this problem, an algorithm was developed implemented in a software package that allows calculating the number of wells being blown up simultaneously; modeling and visually demonstrating the development of an explosion; calculating combinations of values of deceleration values of short-delayed blasting between rows of wells and between wells in a row; quantifying the quality of the found combination of values of deceleration values of short-delayed blasting and visually displaying how much the mass explosion proceeds uniformly in time, as well as the total duration of the explosion. Research results. The calculation of deceleration values combinations of short-delayed blasting between rows of wells and between wells in a row is performed depending on the number of rows of wells and the number of wells in a row for the selected number of wells exploding simultaneously. It is established that with an increase in the number of rows of wells, the number of points corresponding to a particular number of wells being blown up simultaneously (in the interval of 20 ms) decreases. At the same time, the sets of points corresponding to each next step of increasing the number of rows partially belong to the set of points corresponding to the previous step, and solutions for different values of the number of wells in a series with a constant number of rows are mutually exclusive. It is shown that with an increase in the values of the deceleration intervals, the quality of the solution increases in the case of a constant number of wells exploding simultaneously. Conclusion. The choice of optimal deceleration intervals during drilling and blasting operations is an effective way to control the seismic impact on protected objects. Increasing the deceleration to a value that ensures the formation of additional exposed surfaces is effective from the point of view of providing a complex effect as a result of an explosion, as a combination of the possibility of obtaining the required quality of rock crushing and reducing the seismic impact on protected objects. Resume. The developed algorithm, implemented in the software package, makes it possible to efficiently calculate the number of wells exploding simultaneously, find the optimal combination of values of deceleration values, quantify the quality of the found combination. For a more adequate assessment of the expected seismic impact, it is necessary to calculate the ratio of the duration of the period of ","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44424874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-521-528
E. Sanzheev, Nima Radnaev, T. Tsyrendorzhieva, S. Shirapova
The purpose of the study is to explore the current state of tourism development in natural protected areas Republic of Buryatia using the case of Dzherginsky Reserve and to identify favorable and negative factors influencing the development of tourism, to determine the main directions for the development of ecological tourism on its territory. Research methods. The main research method was the comparative geographical method. This method helped reveal the features of the development of tourism in Dzherginsky Reserve in comparison with Baikalsky and Barguzinsky Reserves. The statistical method using the dynamics of visitors in the reserves the Republic of Buryatia was determined. In article shown the number of visitors in Dzherginsky reserve is less than in other reserves. The main prerequisites analyzed for the development of tourism in the reserve and factors identified hindering its development. The cartographic method applied in the analysis of the economic-geographical and transport-geographical position of the reserve. On the method of analogies based, identified and substantiated promising directions for the development of ecological tourism in Dzherginsky Reserve. Research results. In the course of the work carried out, that the main factors revealed hindering the development of tourism in Dzherginsky Reserve are the transport inaccessibility of the territory, the lack of access roads with a hard surface, and the environmental and educational nature of the activity. The analysis showed that since 2008 observed the positive dynamics of the number of reserve visitors. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, there has been a decrease in the number of tourists, which is a temporary phenomenon. The reserve has developed five ecological tours designed for tourists with physical training. The reserve has an ethnotourist complex to accommodate tourists. Conclusions. The development of ecological tourism is a promising area of activity for Dzherginsky reserve, for which there are all prerequisites. However, in order for ecological tourism to be profitable, cooperation with government agencies, representatives of the tourist industry and the local population is necessary. In this regard, it is important to use the existing experience of Baikalsky reserve in training the local population and attracting tourists to serve. At the present stage, it is necessary to develop program documents in which it is necessary to provide for measures to mitigate adverse factors.
{"title":"Prospects of ecological tourism development in Northern Asia protected natural areas. The case of Dzherginsky Reserve (Republic of Buryatia)","authors":"E. Sanzheev, Nima Radnaev, T. Tsyrendorzhieva, S. Shirapova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-521-528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-521-528","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to explore the current state of tourism development in natural protected areas Republic of Buryatia using the case of Dzherginsky Reserve and to identify favorable and negative factors influencing the development of tourism, to determine the main directions for the development of ecological tourism on its territory. Research methods. The main research method was the comparative geographical method. This method helped reveal the features of the development of tourism in Dzherginsky Reserve in comparison with Baikalsky and Barguzinsky Reserves. The statistical method using the dynamics of visitors in the reserves the Republic of Buryatia was determined. In article shown the number of visitors in Dzherginsky reserve is less than in other reserves. The main prerequisites analyzed for the development of tourism in the reserve and factors identified hindering its development. The cartographic method applied in the analysis of the economic-geographical and transport-geographical position of the reserve. On the method of analogies based, identified and substantiated promising directions for the development of ecological tourism in Dzherginsky Reserve. Research results. In the course of the work carried out, that the main factors revealed hindering the development of tourism in Dzherginsky Reserve are the transport inaccessibility of the territory, the lack of access roads with a hard surface, and the environmental and educational nature of the activity. The analysis showed that since 2008 observed the positive dynamics of the number of reserve visitors. Due to the coronavirus pandemic, there has been a decrease in the number of tourists, which is a temporary phenomenon. The reserve has developed five ecological tours designed for tourists with physical training. The reserve has an ethnotourist complex to accommodate tourists. Conclusions. The development of ecological tourism is a promising area of activity for Dzherginsky reserve, for which there are all prerequisites. However, in order for ecological tourism to be profitable, cooperation with government agencies, representatives of the tourist industry and the local population is necessary. In this regard, it is important to use the existing experience of Baikalsky reserve in training the local population and attracting tourists to serve. At the present stage, it is necessary to develop program documents in which it is necessary to provide for measures to mitigate adverse factors.","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44889978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-615-622
S. Nikitenko, Sergey Kubrin, Y. Malakhov
Introduction. New technologies and high-capacity equipment provide the intensification of technological processes in drifting and working faces that leads to changes of dust and aerodynamic processes that as a rule are not able to emphasize modern methods of explosion safety control in coal mines. Thus the process of introducing new technologies faces a number of features that require the development of new approaches of solving the safe mining issues in practice. One of these issues is the significant amount of organic aerosol formation, that is not measured by modern methods of explosion safety control in coal mines, but its presence in a methane-air environment can significantly shift the ignition threshold and significantly increase the rate of pressure rise during an explosion. Research methods and materials. Authors method of determination level of dust formation with special devices consisting of two filters placed vertically and horizontally in special well-room and distributed in several mine workings profile perimeter contours is proposed. Research results. As a solution the authors proposed a method for the rapid determination of the level of deposited dust in the mine workings that allows to prevent its possible explosion. Also schemes of special devices placement for measuring the level of dust formation at the sides of the mine workings are given. Using the prototype of multifunctional mechanized walking support developed by the authors in combination with high-performance combines the risks arising from the introduction of technologies for high-speed spilling of underground mining and mining of difficult coal reserves are demonstrated. The assessment of mining-geological and technological risks of stopping the technological process during the introduction of new technologies was made, a method of assessment the components that impact the risk of explosion of a dust-methane-air mixture in mine workings was developed. Discussion. Based on the identified risks of stopping the technological process the authors recommend taking into account technological aspects that may lead to accidents or incidents related both to the design feature of new types of high-performance equipment and to the sequence and duration of the stages of the main technological processes of disintegration and transportation of the recaptured rock mass. Conclusion. Interval of performing events of making mine workings safe is determined for preventing risks of explosion of a dust-methane-air mixture during coal-face work with high-performance equipment based on author’s methods of measuring determination level of dust formation Resume. As a result it is concluded that the effective introduction of new technological processes is impossible without accurate and operational control of the dust formation level in mine workings that is especially important with constantly increasing pounding on drifting and working faces. However, the experience of practical testing the
{"title":"Safety ensuring in the implementation of new technologies for tunneling and production faces","authors":"S. Nikitenko, Sergey Kubrin, Y. Malakhov","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-615-622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-615-622","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. New technologies and high-capacity equipment provide the intensification of technological processes in drifting and working faces that leads to changes of dust and aerodynamic processes that as a rule are not able to emphasize modern methods of explosion safety control in coal mines. Thus the process of introducing new technologies faces a number of features that require the development of new approaches of solving the safe mining issues in practice. One of these issues is the significant amount of organic aerosol formation, that is not measured by modern methods of explosion safety control in coal mines, but its presence in a methane-air environment can significantly shift the ignition threshold and significantly increase the rate of pressure rise during an explosion. Research methods and materials. Authors method of determination level of dust formation with special devices consisting of two filters placed vertically and horizontally in special well-room and distributed in several mine workings profile perimeter contours is proposed. Research results. As a solution the authors proposed a method for the rapid determination of the level of deposited dust in the mine workings that allows to prevent its possible explosion. Also schemes of special devices placement for measuring the level of dust formation at the sides of the mine workings are given. Using the prototype of multifunctional mechanized walking support developed by the authors in combination with high-performance combines the risks arising from the introduction of technologies for high-speed spilling of underground mining and mining of difficult coal reserves are demonstrated. The assessment of mining-geological and technological risks of stopping the technological process during the introduction of new technologies was made, a method of assessment the components that impact the risk of explosion of a dust-methane-air mixture in mine workings was developed. Discussion. Based on the identified risks of stopping the technological process the authors recommend taking into account technological aspects that may lead to accidents or incidents related both to the design feature of new types of high-performance equipment and to the sequence and duration of the stages of the main technological processes of disintegration and transportation of the recaptured rock mass. Conclusion. Interval of performing events of making mine workings safe is determined for preventing risks of explosion of a dust-methane-air mixture during coal-face work with high-performance equipment based on author’s methods of measuring determination level of dust formation Resume. As a result it is concluded that the effective introduction of new technological processes is impossible without accurate and operational control of the dust formation level in mine workings that is especially important with constantly increasing pounding on drifting and working faces. However, the experience of practical testing the ","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45393254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-586-593
I. Osipova
Introduction. Sustainable development of the coal mine is inextricably linked to quality control of the coal produced. Three main factors influence coal quality: geological, technological and industrial. The process of these factors influencing is varied: mean values of field quality indicators are generally known from exploration data, and during coal mining quality values may change. Keeping the required production balance in terms of the quality of coal produced is an immediate task of the coal-mining enterprise in terms of the strategy of complex development of solid mineral deposits. It should be noted that in scientific works concerning the quality of mined mineral, the question of the reliability and consistency of incoming geological exploration and mining-technological information and its interpretation was not considered sufficiently thoroughly. Materials and methods of research. In order to solve the existing problem of changing the quality of coal extracted, a multi-level model structure is being created, including coal quality map models, models for presenting knowledge of the coal mining process, а first approximation model for monitoring the quality of coal mined and a probability-graphical model for clarifying existing new knowledge on the uncertainty and unreliability of data presented in the form of the Bayesian network. Research results. On the basis of the created graph representing the change in the quality of coal extracted, the production problem was solved in evaluating the definition and understanding of which indicators have influenced the change in the quality of coal extracted in the form of the Bayesian network and the Algebraic Bayesian network. They are an acyclic graph with the top «Influence of major mining and technological indicators on the quality of coal extracted», which in turn determines the next level of peaks «Numerical estimation (obtained from the previous stage of model construction), allowing to determine the allowable level of extracted coal» and «Quality of mining operations» a set of these representations is fundamental for the complex indicator of quality of extracted coal. In addition to these indicators, vertices are introduced about the existence of certain deviations. As a result, the post-test probability of estimating the influence of the change in the allowable level of coal and the quality of mining operations on the complex indicator of extracted coal is P (Hi | E) = 0.025. Discussion. We can conclude that the posterior probability P (Hi | E) = 0.025 is less than a priori P (Н1) = 0.057 because it includes two basic indicators of express testing and dynamic geometry. This makes it possible to speak about the influence of newly obtained information on the complex indicator of the extracted coal, which appears as the front of exploration and exploitation works to produce real-time mining geometric models of the deposit. These, in turn, serve as the basis for operational planning of coal pro
{"title":"Dynamic model construction method for coal quality control in complex-structural deposits","authors":"I. Osipova","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-586-593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-586-593","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Sustainable development of the coal mine is inextricably linked to quality control of the coal produced. Three main factors influence coal quality: geological, technological and industrial. The process of these factors influencing is varied: mean values of field quality indicators are generally known from exploration data, and during coal mining quality values may change. Keeping the required production balance in terms of the quality of coal produced is an immediate task of the coal-mining enterprise in terms of the strategy of complex development of solid mineral deposits. It should be noted that in scientific works concerning the quality of mined mineral, the question of the reliability and consistency of incoming geological exploration and mining-technological information and its interpretation was not considered sufficiently thoroughly. Materials and methods of research. In order to solve the existing problem of changing the quality of coal extracted, a multi-level model structure is being created, including coal quality map models, models for presenting knowledge of the coal mining process, а first approximation model for monitoring the quality of coal mined and a probability-graphical model for clarifying existing new knowledge on the uncertainty and unreliability of data presented in the form of the Bayesian network. Research results. On the basis of the created graph representing the change in the quality of coal extracted, the production problem was solved in evaluating the definition and understanding of which indicators have influenced the change in the quality of coal extracted in the form of the Bayesian network and the Algebraic Bayesian network. They are an acyclic graph with the top «Influence of major mining and technological indicators on the quality of coal extracted», which in turn determines the next level of peaks «Numerical estimation (obtained from the previous stage of model construction), allowing to determine the allowable level of extracted coal» and «Quality of mining operations» a set of these representations is fundamental for the complex indicator of quality of extracted coal. In addition to these indicators, vertices are introduced about the existence of certain deviations. As a result, the post-test probability of estimating the influence of the change in the allowable level of coal and the quality of mining operations on the complex indicator of extracted coal is P (Hi | E) = 0.025. Discussion. We can conclude that the posterior probability P (Hi | E) = 0.025 is less than a priori P (Н1) = 0.057 because it includes two basic indicators of express testing and dynamic geometry. This makes it possible to speak about the influence of newly obtained information on the complex indicator of the extracted coal, which appears as the front of exploration and exploitation works to produce real-time mining geometric models of the deposit. These, in turn, serve as the basis for operational planning of coal pro","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43729664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-632-643
Mikhail V. Shabanov, M. Marichev, T. Minkina, N. Abdimutalip
Introduction. The heterogeneity of soil cover of mountainous areas carries in itself the specific formation of technogeochemical anomalies in the areas of metallurgical combines, and the remoteness and inaccessibility of these areas requires detailed studies of the processes of pollutants in the soil and mechanisms of their behavior. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of aero-industrial emissions from the copper smelter on the formation of techno-geochemical anomalies of arsenic in soils and its spatial distribution. Methods and materials of the research. Studies were conducted in the area of the Karabash copper smelter (KMC), located in the southern Urals (Russia), Chelyabinsk region, one of the main pollutants of soils is arsenic, which is formed in the Soymanovskaya Valley and adjacent landscapes techno-geochemical soil anomalies. In the course of works 25 soil sections were laid at different distances and directions from KMC, taking into account the specific geo-morphological features of the territory. In the selected soil samples we determined the acidity of the salt extract, the content of organic matter, granulometric composition, gross content of arsenic and its exchangeable form. Determination of arsenic was carried out by atomic adsorption spectrometry (AA-6800 Shimadzu). To identify the dependence of arsenic concentration in the upper 0-15 cm of the soil thickness with the distance from the CMC was carried out to calculate the Pearson coefficient and the concentration coefficient (Kc). Research results and discussion. The study area was divided into 5 zones depending on the distance from CMC. Excess concentrations of gross arsenic relative to the background content varies from 64 times in the 2 km zone to 3 times at a distance of more than 10 km. Maximum concentrations were recorded in the upper 0-15 cm of the soil thickness in the 2 km zone. The exchangeable form of arsenic has a specific accumulation near the combine, with a distance of more than 10 km from the combine, there is a tendency to reduce the content of this form, to a complete absence. In the intraprofile distribution there is a pattern of accumulation in the upper 0-15 cm of the soil layer, with depth significantly decreasing. Conclusions. Patterns in the spatial distribution of arsenic in soils based on the distance from the emission of aeroindustrial emissions were revealed. Maps of the spatial distribution of gross arsenic and exchange forms in the soils of the study area. It was determined that an important role in the formation of techno-geochemical anomalies plays pH of the environment. During the calculation of Ks revealed local areas that form anomalous halos dispersion, which are confined mainly to places near the CMC and the direction of the prevailing winds. Two local areas were identified for which the Kc values are more than 50. Pearson criterion calculations confirm the dependence of the spatial distribution of arsenic in soils on the win
{"title":"The role of the mining and processing enterprise in the formation of techno-geochemical anomalies of arsenic in the soils of the Soymonovskaya Valley (Southern Urals)","authors":"Mikhail V. Shabanov, M. Marichev, T. Minkina, N. Abdimutalip","doi":"10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-632-643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-632-643","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The heterogeneity of soil cover of mountainous areas carries in itself the specific formation of technogeochemical anomalies in the areas of metallurgical combines, and the remoteness and inaccessibility of these areas requires detailed studies of the processes of pollutants in the soil and mechanisms of their behavior. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of aero-industrial emissions from the copper smelter on the formation of techno-geochemical anomalies of arsenic in soils and its spatial distribution. Methods and materials of the research. Studies were conducted in the area of the Karabash copper smelter (KMC), located in the southern Urals (Russia), Chelyabinsk region, one of the main pollutants of soils is arsenic, which is formed in the Soymanovskaya Valley and adjacent landscapes techno-geochemical soil anomalies. In the course of works 25 soil sections were laid at different distances and directions from KMC, taking into account the specific geo-morphological features of the territory. In the selected soil samples we determined the acidity of the salt extract, the content of organic matter, granulometric composition, gross content of arsenic and its exchangeable form. Determination of arsenic was carried out by atomic adsorption spectrometry (AA-6800 Shimadzu). To identify the dependence of arsenic concentration in the upper 0-15 cm of the soil thickness with the distance from the CMC was carried out to calculate the Pearson coefficient and the concentration coefficient (Kc). Research results and discussion. The study area was divided into 5 zones depending on the distance from CMC. Excess concentrations of gross arsenic relative to the background content varies from 64 times in the 2 km zone to 3 times at a distance of more than 10 km. Maximum concentrations were recorded in the upper 0-15 cm of the soil thickness in the 2 km zone. The exchangeable form of arsenic has a specific accumulation near the combine, with a distance of more than 10 km from the combine, there is a tendency to reduce the content of this form, to a complete absence. In the intraprofile distribution there is a pattern of accumulation in the upper 0-15 cm of the soil layer, with depth significantly decreasing. Conclusions. Patterns in the spatial distribution of arsenic in soils based on the distance from the emission of aeroindustrial emissions were revealed. Maps of the spatial distribution of gross arsenic and exchange forms in the soils of the study area. It was determined that an important role in the formation of techno-geochemical anomalies plays pH of the environment. During the calculation of Ks revealed local areas that form anomalous halos dispersion, which are confined mainly to places near the CMC and the direction of the prevailing winds. Two local areas were identified for which the Kc values are more than 50. Pearson criterion calculations confirm the dependence of the spatial distribution of arsenic in soils on the win","PeriodicalId":37608,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49067875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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