Pub Date : 2019-06-14DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201906123159
L. Monacis, P. Limone, F. Ceglie, G. Tanucci, M. Sinatra
{"title":"Exploring individual differences among teachers' ICT acceptance: A path model and role of experience","authors":"L. Monacis, P. Limone, F. Ceglie, G. Tanucci, M. Sinatra","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201906123159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201906123159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79384589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-14DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201906123157
Morten Njå
Researchers of serious games frequently investigate outcomes of play but overlook the underlying game-design components that drive those outcomes. In this paper, I aim to show how game design and context of play influence progression through GraphoGame, an early-literacy game. This is done by means of two intersecting studies. The first study shows how the game can be represented by a model that explicitly hypothesizes how the interaction between the player and the game drives progression. The second study explores user data generated by first graders (N = 137) who played the game over a period of 25 weeks as part of early literacy instruction. The juxtaposition of these two studies reveals factors that influence progression. I also highlight an underdeveloped area within the research field and point to the benefits that bridging game design and outcomes of play may hold for researchers, game developers, and educators.
{"title":"Players' progression through GraphoGame, an early literacy game: Influence of game design and context of play","authors":"Morten Njå","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201906123157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201906123157","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers of serious games frequently investigate outcomes of play but overlook the underlying game-design components that drive those outcomes. In this paper, I aim to show how game design and context of play influence progression through GraphoGame, an early-literacy game. This is done by means of two intersecting studies. The first study shows how the game can be represented by a model that explicitly hypothesizes how the interaction between the player and the game drives progression. The second study explores user data generated by first graders (N = 137) who played the game over a period of 25 weeks as part of early literacy instruction. The juxtaposition of these two studies reveals factors that influence progression. I also highlight an underdeveloped area within the research field and point to the benefits that bridging game design and outcomes of play may hold for researchers, game developers, and educators.","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"19 3-4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85677119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-14DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201906123156
Annukka Jänkälä, Asko Lehmuskallio, T. Takala
While studying Finnish users of the online dating app Tinder searching for longterm partnerships, we paid attention to the importance of photos in their social interactions. Based on our study, we argue that photos play an important role in online dating. Initially, photos are chosen and uploaded to influence future interactions, particularly regarding who will contact them via their profile. We term this particular future tense of photography forecasted photos. Second, photos enabled the creation of copresence between dates, especially via instant messaging services instantly after capture. Third, the classic notions of photos depicting the past became important when wanting to be reminded of previous meetings. Taken together, we argue that photos enhance intimacy building while dating on social media. This role should be accounted for by paying attention not only to photography’s relation to the past or the present, but also to a future tense of photography.
{"title":"Photo use while dating: From forecasted photos in Tinder to creating copresence using other media","authors":"Annukka Jänkälä, Asko Lehmuskallio, T. Takala","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201906123156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201906123156","url":null,"abstract":"While studying Finnish users of the online dating app Tinder searching for longterm partnerships, we paid attention to the importance of photos in their social interactions. Based on our study, we argue that photos play an important role in online dating. Initially, photos are chosen and uploaded to influence future interactions, particularly regarding who will contact them via their profile. We term this particular future tense of photography forecasted photos. Second, photos enabled the creation of copresence between dates, especially via instant messaging services instantly after capture. Third, the classic notions of photos depicting the past became important when wanting to be reminded of previous meetings. Taken together, we argue that photos enhance intimacy building while dating on social media. This role should be accounted for by paying attention not only to photography’s relation to the past or the present, but also to a future tense of photography.","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84304224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-14DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201906123158
Tina Kavčič, M. Levpušček, M. Zupančič, Mojca Poredoš, C. Bjornsen
We investigated the occurrence of selected types of problematic social media and mobile phone use in emerging adults, specifically social media and mobile phone overuse, phubbing, creeping, and catfishing. Contemporaneous relations with age, gender, and Big Five personality traits were examined. The participants comprised 459 Slovenian emerging adults, aged 18 to 29 years (68% female). The results suggest that problematic behaviors associated with social media and mobile phone use, with the exception of catfishing, are relatively common among young people. The examined behaviors were negatively related to age, and overuse of mobile phones, social media, and creeping were more prevalent in females than males. The Big Five personality traits, most notably high neuroticism and low conscientiousness, uniquely predicted problematic social media and mobile phone use, after accounting for age, gender, and time spent on social media. Mobile phone overuse and phubbing were also associated with high extraversion and low openness, while low agreeableness was related to creeping and catfishing.
{"title":"Personal correlates of problematic types of social media and mobile phone use in emerging adults","authors":"Tina Kavčič, M. Levpušček, M. Zupančič, Mojca Poredoš, C. Bjornsen","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201906123158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201906123158","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the occurrence of selected types of problematic social media and mobile phone use in emerging adults, specifically social media and mobile phone overuse, phubbing, creeping, and catfishing. Contemporaneous relations with age, gender, and Big Five personality traits were examined. The participants comprised 459 Slovenian emerging adults, aged 18 to 29 years (68% female). The results suggest that problematic behaviors associated with social media and mobile phone use, with the exception of catfishing, are relatively common among young people. The examined behaviors were negatively related to age, and overuse of mobile phones, social media, and creeping were more prevalent in females than males. The Big Five personality traits, most notably high neuroticism and low conscientiousness, uniquely predicted problematic social media and mobile phone use, after accounting for age, gender, and time spent on social media. Mobile phone overuse and phubbing were also associated with high extraversion and low openness, while low agreeableness was related to creeping and catfishing.","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88016747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201902201605
J. Jouhki
The authors of the current Human Technology issue approach the relationship between humans and their technologies from quite different angles. Two articles focus on chat technology. In the first, by Khushnood Naqshbandi and her associates (Simon Hoermann, David Milne, Dorian Peters, Benjamin Davies, Sophie Potter, & Rafael A. Calvo), the authors focused on codesigning a chat tool for a voluntary-sector organization based on the experiences and needs of the volunteer workers. Meanwhile, in the second, Marita Skuvje and her colleagues (Ida Maria Haugstveit, Asbjørn Følstad, & Petter Bae Brandtzaeg) explored the differences between communicating with a chatbot and a chat human, particularly when the chatbot’s behavior approaches that of human interaction. Naveen Kumar and Jyoti Kumar, in their paper, discussed the next industrial revolution—Industry 4.0—and proposed a framework based on multiple formulae that address the various aspects of both the human and machine components in measuring the efficiency of future smart factories. However, the article by Subadra Panchanadeswaran and her coauthors (Ardra Manasi Unnithan, Shubha Chacko, Michael Brazda, Natalie Brooks Wilson, & Santushi Kuruppu) presents a very different perspective of smartness, that of smart phones used by sex workers in India and how this technology has transformed both the work and the workers. Finally, Patrick Lehane’s paper on software design explores a theme that is, in some form or another, present in all articles in this issue: the intuitive use of technology. Technological progress is not simply about inventing applications that automate activities previously conducted by humans. People still play key roles in operating a plethora of technological applications—to tell technologies what to do, where to go, what to produce, who to contact, and so on. No matter how complicated the automated machine, the human always is at some end to use, service, or manage it. However, that human must be trained—or she or he must otherwise feel confident enough in the skills needed—to operate the device. Intuitive use
{"title":"Humans and their technologies play the infinite game","authors":"J. Jouhki","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201902201605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201902201605","url":null,"abstract":"The authors of the current Human Technology issue approach the relationship between humans and their technologies from quite different angles. Two articles focus on chat technology. In the first, by Khushnood Naqshbandi and her associates (Simon Hoermann, David Milne, Dorian Peters, Benjamin Davies, Sophie Potter, & Rafael A. Calvo), the authors focused on codesigning a chat tool for a voluntary-sector organization based on the experiences and needs of the volunteer workers. Meanwhile, in the second, Marita Skuvje and her colleagues (Ida Maria Haugstveit, Asbjørn Følstad, & Petter Bae Brandtzaeg) explored the differences between communicating with a chatbot and a chat human, particularly when the chatbot’s behavior approaches that of human interaction. Naveen Kumar and Jyoti Kumar, in their paper, discussed the next industrial revolution—Industry 4.0—and proposed a framework based on multiple formulae that address the various aspects of both the human and machine components in measuring the efficiency of future smart factories. However, the article by Subadra Panchanadeswaran and her coauthors (Ardra Manasi Unnithan, Shubha Chacko, Michael Brazda, Natalie Brooks Wilson, & Santushi Kuruppu) presents a very different perspective of smartness, that of smart phones used by sex workers in India and how this technology has transformed both the work and the workers. Finally, Patrick Lehane’s paper on software design explores a theme that is, in some form or another, present in all articles in this issue: the intuitive use of technology. Technological progress is not simply about inventing applications that automate activities previously conducted by humans. People still play key roles in operating a plethora of technological applications—to tell technologies what to do, where to go, what to produce, who to contact, and so on. No matter how complicated the automated machine, the human always is at some end to use, service, or manage it. However, that human must be trained—or she or he must otherwise feel confident enough in the skills needed—to operate the device. Intuitive use","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84892487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201902201609
S. Panchanadeswaran, Ardra Manasi Unnithan, Shubha Chacko, Michael Brazda, Natalie Brooks Wilson, S. Kuruppu
This research was funded in part by a Fulbright-Nehru Award for Academic and Professional Excellence given to the first author.
这项研究得到了富布赖特-尼赫鲁学术和专业卓越奖的部分资助，该奖授予了第一作者。
{"title":"Female sex workers' use of mobile phones in India: Lessons in effective engagement","authors":"S. Panchanadeswaran, Ardra Manasi Unnithan, Shubha Chacko, Michael Brazda, Natalie Brooks Wilson, S. Kuruppu","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201902201609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201902201609","url":null,"abstract":"This research was funded in part by a Fulbright-Nehru Award for Academic and Professional Excellence given to \u0000the first author.","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75650723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201902201610
Pat Lehane
This paper reviews intuitive software design and outlines the development of an instrument for analysts to evaluate the intuitiveness of software design. Current intuition research outlines three requirements for intuitive use: (a) existing experiential domain knowledge and skills, (b) an unexplainable perception that a novel situation is contextually familiar, and (c) successful application of users’ previously acquired experiential knowledge and skills. A case study illustrates how these requirements can be specified, implemented, and evaluated. Questions to evaluate the characteristics of intuitive design and use resulted in an intuitive use evaluation of 3.2 on a scale of 0–4, indicating a perception of intuitive use. Subsequent factor analysis exposed three factors describing intuitive use: (a) Familiar User Expectations, (b) Confident Interactions, and (c) Leverage of Prior Learning. These factors map one-on-one to the requirements for intuitive use: providing an early confirmation of the proposed structure for analysis of intuitive software design and use.
{"title":"Use without training: A case study of evidence-based software design for intuitive use","authors":"Pat Lehane","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201902201610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201902201610","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews intuitive software design and outlines the development of an instrument for analysts to evaluate the intuitiveness of software design. Current intuition research outlines three requirements for intuitive use: (a) existing experiential domain knowledge and skills, (b) an unexplainable perception that a novel situation is contextually familiar, and (c) successful application of users’ previously acquired experiential knowledge and skills. A case study illustrates how these requirements can be specified, implemented, and evaluated. Questions to evaluate the characteristics of intuitive design and use resulted in an intuitive use evaluation of 3.2 on a scale of 0–4, indicating a perception of intuitive use. Subsequent factor analysis exposed three factors describing intuitive use: (a) Familiar User Expectations, (b) Confident Interactions, and (c) Leverage of Prior Learning. These factors map one-on-one to the requirements for intuitive use: providing an early confirmation of the proposed structure for analysis of intuitive software design and use.","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91162128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201902201607
Marita Skjuve, Ida Maria Haugstveit, Asbjørn Følstad, P. Brandtzæg
: Advances in artificial intelligence strengthen chatbots’ ability to resemble human conversational agents. For some application areas, it may be tempting not to be transparent regarding a conversational agent’s nature as chatbot or human. However, the uncanny valley theory suggests that such lack in transparency may cause uneasy feelings in the user. In this study, we combined quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate this issue. First, we used a 2 x 2 experimental research design ( n = 28) to investigate effects of lack in transparency on the perceived pleasantness of the conversation in addition to perceived human likeness and affinity for the conversational agent. Second, we conducted an exploratory analysis of qualitative participant reports on these conversations. We did not find that a lack in transparency negatively affected user experience, but we identified three factors important to participants’ assessments. The findings are of theoretical and practical significance and motivate future research.
{"title":"Help! Is my chatbot falling into the uncanny valley? An empirical study of user experience in human-chatbot interaction","authors":"Marita Skjuve, Ida Maria Haugstveit, Asbjørn Følstad, P. Brandtzæg","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201902201607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201902201607","url":null,"abstract":": Advances in artificial intelligence strengthen chatbots’ ability to resemble human conversational agents. For some application areas, it may be tempting not to be transparent regarding a conversational agent’s nature as chatbot or human. However, the uncanny valley theory suggests that such lack in transparency may cause uneasy feelings in the user. In this study, we combined quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate this issue. First, we used a 2 x 2 experimental research design ( n = 28) to investigate effects of lack in transparency on the perceived pleasantness of the conversation in addition to perceived human likeness and affinity for the conversational agent. Second, we conducted an exploratory analysis of qualitative participant reports on these conversations. We did not find that a lack in transparency negatively affected user experience, but we identified three factors important to participants’ assessments. The findings are of theoretical and practical significance and motivate future research.","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81573147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.17011/HT/URN.201902201606
K. Naqshbandi, S. Hoermann, D. Milne, Dorian Peters, Ben Davies, Sophie Potter, R. Calvo
This paper presents an investigation into the experiences and perceptions of volunteers and community managers of an Australian voluntary-sector organization that supports young help-seeking people. The process focused specifically on the design of a chat tool, a rudimentary version of which was conceptualized and tested during a trial completed prior to this study. The process explored the motivations and experiences of these volunteers using a codesign approach, which led to the development of specific features of the chat tool that were tailored to the nature of their work and organization, as well as the sector-specific ethos. We employed several research methods, which included interviews, focus groups, and participatory design workshops. Thematic analyses were performed on the resultant qualitative data. The methods, motivational themes, and the ensuing design solutions that were implemented are discussed in detail with the aim of encouraging codesign of technology for voluntary-sector organizations.
{"title":"Codesigning technology for a voluntary-sector organization","authors":"K. Naqshbandi, S. Hoermann, D. Milne, Dorian Peters, Ben Davies, Sophie Potter, R. Calvo","doi":"10.17011/HT/URN.201902201606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17011/HT/URN.201902201606","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an investigation into the experiences and perceptions of volunteers and community managers of an Australian voluntary-sector organization that supports young help-seeking people. The process focused specifically on the design of a chat tool, a rudimentary version of which was conceptualized and tested during a trial completed prior to this study. The process explored the motivations and experiences of these volunteers using a codesign approach, which led to the development of specific features of the chat tool that were tailored to the nature of their work and organization, as well as the sector-specific ethos. We employed several research methods, which included interviews, focus groups, and participatory design workshops. Thematic analyses were performed on the resultant qualitative data. The methods, motivational themes, and the ensuing design solutions that were implemented are discussed in detail with the aim of encouraging codesign of technology for voluntary-sector organizations.","PeriodicalId":37614,"journal":{"name":"Human Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72976759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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