The article is devoted to the actual problem of the «play of meanings» in the symbolic direction in modern choreography, presented in the theaters’ stagingin Western Europe. The research goal is to identify the modern balletfeatures, which actively uses innovative methods. The study objectives are to collect and analyze the opinions of art experts and critics on the issues of modern ballet in Western European theater productions. The analysis period was chosen for the three years 2020-2022.The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and includes the methods of the general scientific group (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction), as well as a number of special methods: content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; sociological survey method; as well as the method of statistical analysis. The survey results were analyzed using the Neural Designer program (a tool for advanced statistical analytics) and translated into a graphical diagram format for clarity of perception.Answers in 60 questionnaires were evaluated by the average score for each analysis criterion, which made it possible to bring all the calculations to a 10-point scale. Based on the results of the study, the article author concluded the following: in modern productions, symbolism manifests itself as the dominance of «body language» over musical informativeness, over stage design. The action development takes place within the classical framework, but with the use of a postmodern concept regarding the dancechoreography.
{"title":"INNOVATIVE BALLETS IN THEATERS OF WESTERN EUROPE: STAGE ACTION AS A PLAY OF MEANINGS","authors":"Т. Portnova","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1145","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the actual problem of the «play of meanings» in the symbolic direction in modern choreography, presented in the theaters’ stagingin Western Europe. The research goal is to identify the modern balletfeatures, which actively uses innovative methods. The study objectives are to collect and analyze the opinions of art experts and critics on the issues of modern ballet in Western European theater productions. The analysis period was chosen for the three years 2020-2022.The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and includes the methods of the general scientific group (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction), as well as a number of special methods: content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; sociological survey method; as well as the method of statistical analysis. The survey results were analyzed using the Neural Designer program (a tool for advanced statistical analytics) and translated into a graphical diagram format for clarity of perception.Answers in 60 questionnaires were evaluated by the average score for each analysis criterion, which made it possible to bring all the calculations to a 10-point scale. Based on the results of the study, the article author concluded the following: in modern productions, symbolism manifests itself as the dominance of «body language» over musical informativeness, over stage design. The action development takes place within the classical framework, but with the use of a postmodern concept regarding the dancechoreography.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76751426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fwaz Hasan Ibrahim Shehada, Monther Ibrahim kareim, alkhawaldeh, Hanan Taha, Salameh
The goal of the current study is to determine whether using the Padlet application may have an effect on how biology students in the tenth grade develop their capacity for scientific thought. The researcher uses a quasi-experimental research design to accomplish the study's goals. 62 pupils in the tenth grade made up the study's participants; they were split into two groups: a control group (n = 31) and an experimental group (n = 31). While the latter is instructed utilizing the Padlet app, the former is instructed conventionally. Pre-post-tests of scientific thinking abilities were used to collect the data, and these tests underwent validity and reliability checks. The results showed that using Padlet to improve students' biology learning performance is helpful. Between the means of the two groups, there were statistically significant differences in favour of the experimental group, which performed better on the post-test. The outcomes also showed a statistically significant difference in favour of the experimental group for both the overall performance of skills and the score of each ability individually on the post-test of scientific thinking skills. The study came to various conclusions in light of the data, the most crucial of which is the requirement to keep using the Padlet app in instruction.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Using Padlet Application in Developing Scientific Thinking Skills of Tenth Grade Biology Students","authors":"Fwaz Hasan Ibrahim Shehada, Monther Ibrahim kareim, alkhawaldeh, Hanan Taha, Salameh","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1127","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the current study is to determine whether using the Padlet application may have an effect on how biology students in the tenth grade develop their capacity for scientific thought. The researcher uses a quasi-experimental research design to accomplish the study's goals. 62 pupils in the tenth grade made up the study's participants; they were split into two groups: a control group (n = 31) and an experimental group (n = 31). While the latter is instructed utilizing the Padlet app, the former is instructed conventionally. Pre-post-tests of scientific thinking abilities were used to collect the data, and these tests underwent validity and reliability checks. The results showed that using Padlet to improve students' biology learning performance is helpful. Between the means of the two groups, there were statistically significant differences in favour of the experimental group, which performed better on the post-test. The outcomes also showed a statistically significant difference in favour of the experimental group for both the overall performance of skills and the score of each ability individually on the post-test of scientific thinking skills. The study came to various conclusions in light of the data, the most crucial of which is the requirement to keep using the Padlet app in instruction.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74887150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to analyze the perceptions of the younger generation and their behavioral intentions to use telemedicine services. This type of research is an online survey using Microsoft Forms. The data analysis technique used an inductive, general qualitative approach. The respondents were 175 people. The survey was conducted between June and August 2021. The study obtained two results, namely, the first is the perception of the younger generation regarding telemedicine services. Second, it was found that the average respondent's behavioral intention was 4.10 out of 5, or the category agreed to use telemedicine services. Viewed from the seven measurement variables, the average response of respondents is 65%, or Telemedicine is categorized as well received. The younger generation has a good perception of telemedicine services, and the existence of behavioral intention indicates individual readiness to use telemedicine services not only during the pandemic but also after the passing of the COVID-19 pandemic. Telemedicine has become a new habit.
{"title":"Survey of Perception and Behavioral Intention of the Young Generation Regarding Telemedicine Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Suci Megawati, M. Amin, Y. Yusriadi","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1144","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the perceptions of the younger generation and their behavioral intentions to use telemedicine services. This type of research is an online survey using Microsoft Forms. The data analysis technique used an inductive, general qualitative approach. The respondents were 175 people. The survey was conducted between June and August 2021. The study obtained two results, namely, the first is the perception of the younger generation regarding telemedicine services. Second, it was found that the average respondent's behavioral intention was 4.10 out of 5, or the category agreed to use telemedicine services. Viewed from the seven measurement variables, the average response of respondents is 65%, or Telemedicine is categorized as well received. The younger generation has a good perception of telemedicine services, and the existence of behavioral intention indicates individual readiness to use telemedicine services not only during the pandemic but also after the passing of the COVID-19 pandemic. Telemedicine has become a new habit.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76236710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Timur Regency, Zulkarnain, R. Wulandari, Rakhmiati, Etik Puji, Handayani, Maryati, S. Isnaini, Yatmin, K. Murniati
The purpose of the study was to determine the competitive and comparative advantages and sustainability of cassava farming in East Lampung Regency. The population of cassava farmers is 1,100 farmers using the Slovin formula, so a sample of 92 farmers is obtained. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix) analysis. The results of the study were the PCR coefficient value of 0.3397 and the DRCR coefficient value of 0.1216. The coefficient value < 1 indicates that cassava farming in East Lampung Regency has a competitive advantage and a comparative advantage. The government needs to set a Regional Minimum Price (HMR) policy of Rp. 1,150/kg which aims to improve the welfare of farmers.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVENESS AND SUSTAINABILITY OF CASSAVA COMMODITY IN LAMPUNG TIMUR REGENCY","authors":"Timur Regency, Zulkarnain, R. Wulandari, Rakhmiati, Etik Puji, Handayani, Maryati, S. Isnaini, Yatmin, K. Murniati","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1226","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to determine the competitive and comparative advantages and sustainability of cassava farming in East Lampung Regency. The population of cassava farmers is 1,100 farmers using the Slovin formula, so a sample of 92 farmers is obtained. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix) analysis. The results of the study were the PCR coefficient value of 0.3397 and the DRCR coefficient value of 0.1216. The coefficient value < 1 indicates that cassava farming in East Lampung Regency has a competitive advantage and a comparative advantage. The government needs to set a Regional Minimum Price (HMR) policy of Rp. 1,150/kg which aims to improve the welfare of farmers.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84738692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas) is the Indonesia organization of zakat management (OPZ) needs to measure the effectiveness of their programs that have been implemented in alleviating zakat beneficiaries (mustahik) from poverty. In Indonesia, Cibest model is the most popular measurement tools that try to find material value and spiritual value in determine the effectiveness of Baznas’s zakat program. However, the Cibest method has shortcomings, namely in the measurement of spiritual value which only emphasizes on the religiosity aspect. This study proposes an improved measurement of spiritual value using the concept of Islamic spirituality and tries to implement it in Baznas of Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province of Indonesia. Measurements were taken on a sample of 60 mustahik who had experienced the economic empowerment program. The measurement results show that, the condition of mustahik after the program show improvement in material and spiritual values. However, the validation using the wilcoxon signed rank test reflected that only spiritual value that apply the concept of Islamic spirituality showed significant difference. A discussion of the phenomenon is presented on the last part of this study.
Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas)是印尼的天课管理组织(OPZ)，该组织需要衡量其项目在减轻天课受益人(mustahik)贫困方面的有效性。在印度尼西亚，Cibest模型是最流行的测量工具，它试图在确定Baznas的天课计划的有效性中找到物质价值和精神价值。然而，Cibest方法也有其不足之处，即在对精神价值的衡量上，只注重宗教性方面。本研究利用伊斯兰教灵性的概念，提出一种改进的灵性价值测量方法，并尝试在印尼东加里曼丹省Berau Regency的Baznas实施。研究人员对60名经历过经济赋权计划的穆斯塔希克人进行了测量。测量结果表明，该方案实施后，木犀的物质价值和精神价值均有所提高。然而，使用wilcoxon符号秩检验的验证表明，只有应用伊斯兰灵性概念的精神价值存在显著差异。对这一现象的讨论在本研究的最后一部分提出。
{"title":"MEASURING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ZAKAT DISTRIBUTION: A PROPOSAL TOWARDS CIBEST MODEL IMPROVEMENT","authors":"G. Widana, A. Hakim","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1192","url":null,"abstract":"The Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas) is the Indonesia organization of zakat management (OPZ) needs to measure the effectiveness of their programs that have been implemented in alleviating zakat beneficiaries (mustahik) from poverty. In Indonesia, Cibest model is the most popular measurement tools that try to find material value and spiritual value in determine the effectiveness of Baznas’s zakat program. However, the Cibest method has shortcomings, namely in the measurement of spiritual value which only emphasizes on the religiosity aspect. This study proposes an improved measurement of spiritual value using the concept of Islamic spirituality and tries to implement it in Baznas of Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province of Indonesia. Measurements were taken on a sample of 60 mustahik who had experienced the economic empowerment program. The measurement results show that, the condition of mustahik after the program show improvement in material and spiritual values. However, the validation using the wilcoxon signed rank test reflected that only spiritual value that apply the concept of Islamic spirituality showed significant difference. A discussion of the phenomenon is presented on the last part of this study.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83057932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sri Suartini, Harpa Sugiharti, Yeyet Solihat, A. Fauziyah
The COVID-19's rapid spread in Indonesia undoubtedly had a significant impact on the Indonesian economy. This research aims to formulate an MSMEs development strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Karawang Regency using a SWOT analysis. The method in this research used was descriptive and quantitative, while the data analyses were internal, external, and SWOT. This research found that MSMEs in Karawang Regency were in a very favorable situation. It has opportunities and internal strength to take advantage of existing opportunities. As a result, there are several obligations such as physical distance, work, study, prayer at home, and the prohibition of crowd-causing activities nearly harmed the economy.
{"title":"Formulating the MSMEs Development Strategy During the Covid-19 Pandemic Using Swot Analysis","authors":"Sri Suartini, Harpa Sugiharti, Yeyet Solihat, A. Fauziyah","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1132","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19's rapid spread in Indonesia undoubtedly had a significant impact on the Indonesian economy. This research aims to formulate an MSMEs development strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Karawang Regency using a SWOT analysis. The method in this research used was descriptive and quantitative, while the data analyses were internal, external, and SWOT. This research found that MSMEs in Karawang Regency were in a very favorable situation. It has opportunities and internal strength to take advantage of existing opportunities. As a result, there are several obligations such as physical distance, work, study, prayer at home, and the prohibition of crowd-causing activities nearly harmed the economy.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82853201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
School leadership is an important element in achieving educational goals. This study aims to explain the school leadership model about teacher competency development in Indonesia. The phenomenological approach is used in qualitative research to explore in-depth information regarding the experiences experienced and felt by participants. Determination of the subject using the purposive sampling technique. Fifteen participants consisted of teachers in the city of Palangkaraya, Indonesia. The data collection technique used in-depth interviews. The data collection instrument used an interview protocol that had been made beforehand. Data analyst using data collection procedures, coding, presentation of data, and interpretation of data. The research findings show that there are three main conclusions. First, the leadership model is influenced by teaching experience and education level. Second, the teacher competency development strategy is carried out by school leaders. Third, are the obstacles faced in the process of developing teacher competence. The results of this study, apart from being a simple guide, also need to be corrected for the limitations and shortcomings of the research through the results of further research.
{"title":"School Leadership Model and Teacher Competency Development in Indonesia","authors":"Dakir, Umiarso","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1128","url":null,"abstract":"School leadership is an important element in achieving educational goals. This study aims to explain the school leadership model about teacher competency development in Indonesia. The phenomenological approach is used in qualitative research to explore in-depth information regarding the experiences experienced and felt by participants. Determination of the subject using the purposive sampling technique. Fifteen participants consisted of teachers in the city of Palangkaraya, Indonesia. The data collection technique used in-depth interviews. The data collection instrument used an interview protocol that had been made beforehand. Data analyst using data collection procedures, coding, presentation of data, and interpretation of data. The research findings show that there are three main conclusions. First, the leadership model is influenced by teaching experience and education level. Second, the teacher competency development strategy is carried out by school leaders. Third, are the obstacles faced in the process of developing teacher competence. The results of this study, apart from being a simple guide, also need to be corrected for the limitations and shortcomings of the research through the results of further research.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89852390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – This study aims to find a financial distress prediction model that is suitable for Indonesian companies.Design/methodology/approach – The sample in this study amounted to 150 data. The research sample was grouped into financial distress and non-financial distress. Research data is sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Discriminant analysis is used to test data and generate financial distress prediction models for manufacturing companies in Indonesia.Findings – Results show that the financial ratios that contribute to the financial distress prediction model are the ratios of profitability, liquidity, and efficiency.Practical Implications – The resulting model can contribute and as a basis for the development of future studies on relevant, robust, and accurate corporate financial distress early warning systems that will help stakeholders to respond to potential bankruptcies accordingly and on timeOriginality – Research on new models to predict corporate bankruptcy in Indonesia which is a developing country is still rare. Most of the literature still uses the Altman Z-Score model.
{"title":"CHOOSING RATIO IN THE FINANCIAL DISTRESS PREDICTION MODEL","authors":"Nikke Yusnita Mahardini, Bandi","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1227","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This study aims to find a financial distress prediction model that is suitable for Indonesian companies.Design/methodology/approach – The sample in this study amounted to 150 data. The research sample was grouped into financial distress and non-financial distress. Research data is sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Discriminant analysis is used to test data and generate financial distress prediction models for manufacturing companies in Indonesia.Findings – Results show that the financial ratios that contribute to the financial distress prediction model are the ratios of profitability, liquidity, and efficiency.Practical Implications – The resulting model can contribute and as a basis for the development of future studies on relevant, robust, and accurate corporate financial distress early warning systems that will help stakeholders to respond to potential bankruptcies accordingly and on timeOriginality – Research on new models to predict corporate bankruptcy in Indonesia which is a developing country is still rare. Most of the literature still uses the Altman Z-Score model.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"319 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79705272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of the pandemic around the world has changed the existing order of life, including in Indonesia. The COVID-19 pandemic has also changed various important sectors in society, one of which is Islamic microfinance institutions. This study aims to identify the strategies adopted by Islamic microfinance institutions to strengthen their business during the pandemic. This study uses a qualitative research type with a phenomenological approach. The research participants were 15 people who directly experienced the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Determination of participants using purposive sampling. The data collection technique used a semi-structured interview guide instrument. The data analysis techniques include data organization, finding meaningful themes, analyzing data, and reporting systematically. The results of the study illustrate that the strategies adopted by Islamic microfinance institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic are (1) making online applications that are easy and accessible to customers; (2) socialization to members through whatapps group and customer contact numbers; (3) providing training to employees in the use of applications; (4) creation of social media to establish communication with customers; (5) making a policy on relaxation of installment payments in the field of customer financing; (6) the obstacles encountered. The limitations of the research on the number of respondents and the type of research selected can be redeveloped with further, broader, and more in-depth research.
{"title":"Business Strengthening Strategy in Sharia Microfinance Institutions During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia Through Digital Literacy","authors":"Husain Insawan","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1129","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of the pandemic around the world has changed the existing order of life, including in Indonesia. The COVID-19 pandemic has also changed various important sectors in society, one of which is Islamic microfinance institutions. This study aims to identify the strategies adopted by Islamic microfinance institutions to strengthen their business during the pandemic. This study uses a qualitative research type with a phenomenological approach. The research participants were 15 people who directly experienced the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Determination of participants using purposive sampling. The data collection technique used a semi-structured interview guide instrument. The data analysis techniques include data organization, finding meaningful themes, analyzing data, and reporting systematically. The results of the study illustrate that the strategies adopted by Islamic microfinance institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic are (1) making online applications that are easy and accessible to customers; (2) socialization to members through whatapps group and customer contact numbers; (3) providing training to employees in the use of applications; (4) creation of social media to establish communication with customers; (5) making a policy on relaxation of installment payments in the field of customer financing; (6) the obstacles encountered. The limitations of the research on the number of respondents and the type of research selected can be redeveloped with further, broader, and more in-depth research.","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87178054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peace is the basis of the government of Imam Ali (AS). This confirmed that the pledge of allegiance to the imam was voluntary and without coercion. Guidance with opponents and enemies has always taken precedence over fighting against them. Fighting was not the easy way, but rather the path of irreplaceable oppression. The Imam, may God bless him and grant him peace, did not start fighting with anyone, and he raised the principle (Do not fight them until they start against you, praise be to God, so argue, and leave them until they give you another argument against them). During his caliphate, Imam Ali (may God bless him and grant him peace) faced many challenges that he managed to overcome with steadfastness in Islamic principles. You find divine justice in its best form in the judgment of Imam Ali. It is also noted that Imam Ali (PBUH) worked hard so as not to shed a single drop of blood unjustly with his sword, and he believed that the survival of his ants alive was more beloved to him than what he owed to him in terms of controlling the whole world. Imam Ali (pbuh) adhered to all the foundations and provisions laid down by the Prophet of Mercy, the Messenger Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and obliged his army to do so, embodying a practical reality in the battles fought by Imam Ali (pbuh).
{"title":"PEACE AND WAR ACCORDING TO IMAM ALI (PBUH)","authors":"Allawi Sahib Hilal Al-Murshidi","doi":"10.59670/jns.v34i.1076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59670/jns.v34i.1076","url":null,"abstract":"Peace is the basis of the government of Imam Ali (AS). This confirmed that the pledge of allegiance to the imam was voluntary and without coercion. Guidance with opponents and enemies has always taken precedence over fighting against them. Fighting was not the easy way, but rather the path of irreplaceable oppression. The Imam, may God bless him and grant him peace, did not start fighting with anyone, and he raised the principle (Do not fight them until they start against you, praise be to God, so argue, and leave them until they give you another argument against them). During his caliphate, Imam Ali (may God bless him and grant him peace) faced many challenges that he managed to overcome with steadfastness in Islamic principles. You find divine justice in its best form in the judgment of Imam Ali. It is also noted that Imam Ali (PBUH) worked hard so as not to shed a single drop of blood unjustly with his sword, and he believed that the survival of his ants alive was more beloved to him than what he owed to him in terms of controlling the whole world. Imam Ali (pbuh) adhered to all the foundations and provisions laid down by the Prophet of Mercy, the Messenger Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and obliged his army to do so, embodying a practical reality in the battles fought by Imam Ali (pbuh).","PeriodicalId":37633,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Namibian Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88424530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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