Specialised translation includes technical and scientific translation as research fields in their own right, on account of method, text type, purpose of translating and degree of specialisation. Being a borderline case between technical and scientific translation, medical translation requires a multidisciplinary approach. Admittedly, the paper focuses on shedding light on the complexity of medical translation, the medical translator facing as main challenges a vast range of texts and formats (even within the same sub-field of medicine), non-standardised terminology (continuing to evolve as aligned to new scientific discoveries), a lack of relevant resources (most importantly, multilingual medical databases) and the different expectations of the intended users of translation.
{"title":"DIAGNOSING MEDICAL TRANSLATION AND FRAMING CURRENT CHALLENGES","authors":"M. Rusu, Titela Vîlceanu","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Specialised translation includes technical and scientific translation as research fields in their own right, on account of method, text type, purpose of translating and degree of specialisation. Being a borderline case between technical and scientific translation, medical translation requires a multidisciplinary approach. Admittedly, the paper focuses on shedding light on the complexity of medical translation, the medical translator facing as main challenges a vast range of texts and formats (even within the same sub-field of medicine), non-standardised terminology (continuing to evolve as aligned to new scientific discoveries), a lack of relevant resources (most importantly, multilingual medical databases) and the different expectations of the intended users of translation.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123991588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although social media was used in the 2008 presidential campaign, it became increasingly important in the 2016 election. Presidents have had to adopt and adapt to new technology in the past as well, and this has had a long-term effect on political discourse. Politicians now have new tools for communicating with the public, thanks to the internet and social media. An important goal of this paper is to examine how political speech has evolved over time, particularly in light of social media's role in political campaigning, and how Donald Trump used social media as a means of political communications. A discourse-historical approach of critical discourse analysis (CDA), has been applied in this study to carry out the analysis that would determine Trump's speech techniques. The results of this study demonstrate how President Trump's used language to influence his audience. Overall, this research paper will focus on Trump’s discourse strategies and how he employed them to create positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation.
{"title":"CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF DONALD TRUMP’S POLITICAL SPEECH VIA TWITTER","authors":"Shaalan Najem Abdullah Shammari","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/03.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/03.04","url":null,"abstract":"Although social media was used in the 2008 presidential campaign, it became increasingly important in the 2016 election. Presidents have had to adopt and adapt to new technology in the past as well, and this has had a long-term effect on political discourse. Politicians now have new tools for communicating with the public, thanks to the internet and social media. An important goal of this paper is to examine how political speech has evolved over time, particularly in light of social media's role in political campaigning, and how Donald Trump used social media as a means of political communications. A discourse-historical approach of critical discourse analysis (CDA), has been applied in this study to carry out the analysis that would determine Trump's speech techniques. The results of this study demonstrate how President Trump's used language to influence his audience. Overall, this research paper will focus on Trump’s discourse strategies and how he employed them to create positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"726 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123000239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current paper takes a comparative look at a selection of Japanese proverbs and their translation into English to their Romanian equivalents. The English translation belongs to David Galeff, the author of the book ‘Japanese Proverbs. Wit and Wisdom’ from which stems the selection of proverbs which are the object of the current analysis. The Romanian translation applies two methods. It tries to find an equivalent in Romanian, both in terms of wit i.e. wording or sense and in terms of wisdom i.e. meaning or reference. As such the two perspectives of analysis are semantic and pragmatic. The aim is firstly to find an equivalent in meaning and reference to a relevant wisdom inspired by reality and life. If such an equivalent is not found, alternative translations are attempted using other translation procedures, such as modulation or even adaptation. The theoretical framework used is the one Vinay and Dalbernet outlined in their ‘Comparative Stylistics of French and English: A Methodology for Translation’. This is a translational attempt to look towards the East and towards the West and see how different and how similar they are in the way they understand life and express that understanding. The aim of the analysis is to see to what extent it can identify corresponding ways of wording or equivalent forms of expression in Romanian for the wit and the wisdom incapsulated in the Japanese proverbs, via the English language
{"title":"JAPANESE PROVERBS BETWEEN EQUIVALENCE AND COMPARATIVE TRANSLATION FROM JAPANESE AND ENGLISH INTO ROMANIAN. AN ANALYSIS FROM THE SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC POINT OF VIEW","authors":"O. Avornicesei","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/04.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/04.03","url":null,"abstract":"The current paper takes a comparative look at a selection of Japanese proverbs and their translation into English to their Romanian equivalents. The English translation belongs to David Galeff, the author of the book ‘Japanese Proverbs. Wit and Wisdom’ from which stems the selection of proverbs which are the object of the current analysis. The Romanian translation applies two methods. It tries to find an equivalent in Romanian, both in terms of wit i.e. wording or sense and in terms of wisdom i.e. meaning or reference. As such the two perspectives of analysis are semantic and pragmatic. The aim is firstly to find an equivalent in meaning and reference to a relevant wisdom inspired by reality and life. If such an equivalent is not found, alternative translations are attempted using other translation procedures, such as modulation or even adaptation. The theoretical framework used is the one Vinay and Dalbernet outlined in their ‘Comparative Stylistics of French and English: A Methodology for Translation’. This is a translational attempt to look towards the East and towards the West and see how different and how similar they are in the way they understand life and express that understanding. The aim of the analysis is to see to what extent it can identify corresponding ways of wording or equivalent forms of expression in Romanian for the wit and the wisdom incapsulated in the Japanese proverbs, via the English language","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134108302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the last decades of the 21st century, we have witnessed a substantial increasing of the phenomenon of globalisation which transcends geographical boundaries and dramatically affects technology and socio-economical development, and modern translation as well. Despite the fact English has become a world trade lingua franca, the changes made by the advent of globalisation may produce specific cultural linguistic, technological and political outcomes for the field of translation and translators. This paper proposes an attempt to grasp the relevance of globalisation and its fundamental and introspective role in the process of modern translation.
{"title":"OUTCOMES OF GLOBALISATION IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSLATION","authors":"Isabella-Alice MATIEȘ-VERBUNCU (STOIAN)","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/01.04","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decades of the 21st century, we have witnessed a substantial increasing of the phenomenon of globalisation which transcends geographical boundaries and dramatically affects technology and socio-economical development, and modern translation as well. Despite the fact English has become a world trade lingua franca, the changes made by the advent of globalisation may produce specific cultural linguistic, technological and political outcomes for the field of translation and translators. This paper proposes an attempt to grasp the relevance of globalisation and its fundamental and introspective role in the process of modern translation.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128198832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harry Potter is a blockbuster. Reading the books from the series, one can find challenges and problems every adolescent confronts with. Harry faces real-world challenges, such as: racism, status in society, corruption. Reading about Harry Potter’s experiences, the choices he faces and the dilemmas he has empowers the reader (the learner) to find a way through his/her own choices and dilemmas. Education through active citizenship means empowering the learners to take part actively in society and to think critically about certain issues in society. Harry Potter books are a good resource for educators in attaining active citizenship skills.
{"title":"MAGIC AND SOCIETY: HARRY POTTER’S EFFECT ON READING THROUGH THE EMPOWERMENT OF LEARNERS AND OF EDUCATORS","authors":"Oana GĂRI NEGUȚ","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/03.02","url":null,"abstract":"Harry Potter is a blockbuster. Reading the books from the series, one can find challenges and problems every adolescent confronts with. Harry faces real-world challenges, such as: racism, status in society, corruption. Reading about Harry Potter’s experiences, the choices he faces and the dilemmas he has empowers the reader (the learner) to find a way through his/her own choices and dilemmas. Education through active citizenship means empowering the learners to take part actively in society and to think critically about certain issues in society. Harry Potter books are a good resource for educators in attaining active citizenship skills.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120928726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Language of perception is common to all humans within a similar cultural background. Its conceptualization, from a semantic standpoint, is however language specific. With this view in mind, this study aims at investigating, from a cognitive linguistic perspective and from a Descriptive Translation standpoint, the transfer in meaning of conceptual properties assigned to the visual metaphor of ‘light’, in a small scale, English (source language) - Romanian (target language) investigation, seeking to provide a better understanding regarding the nuances implied in the crosslinguistic equivalence of such metaphors, its secondary aim being that of validating these preliminary results through a cross linguistic investigation of similar matters on larger corpora.
{"title":"CROSS LINGUSTIC EQUIVALENCE THE PARTICULAR CASE OF THE METAPHOR OF LIGHT","authors":"M. Damian","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Language of perception is common to all humans within a similar cultural background. Its conceptualization, from a semantic standpoint, is however language specific. With this view in mind, this study aims at investigating, from a cognitive linguistic perspective and from a Descriptive Translation standpoint, the transfer in meaning of conceptual properties assigned to the visual metaphor of ‘light’, in a small scale, English (source language) - Romanian (target language) investigation, seeking to provide a better understanding regarding the nuances implied in the crosslinguistic equivalence of such metaphors, its secondary aim being that of validating these preliminary results through a cross linguistic investigation of similar matters on larger corpora.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126723345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acknowledging the pervasive need for employees endowed with higer order (research) skills, this article presents the results of a large-scale case study undetaken by the authors to examine the ways in which Applied Modern Language students deepen their knowledge of both chosen languages and specialised fields by engaging in student research. The focus of our quantitative and qualitative corpus analysis is on Applied Modern Language students from the Faculty of International Business and Economics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies – ASE, Romania, and we shed light on research they conducted for the Annual Student Conferences between 2014-2021 and their Bachelor’s theses between 2016-2021 (languages of submission, research topics etc.). Moreover, the article presents the results obtained when investigating the possible correlations between student research and their continuing education and professional paths.
{"title":"ENCOURAGING STUDENT RESEARCH. A VIEW FROM A BACHELOR’S PROGRAMME IN APPLIED MODERN LANGUAGES IN ROMANIA","authors":"Viorelavalentina Dima, Florina Mohanu","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Acknowledging the pervasive need for employees endowed with higer order (research) skills, this article presents the results of a large-scale case study undetaken by the authors to examine the ways in which Applied Modern Language students deepen their knowledge of both chosen languages and specialised fields by engaging in student research. The focus of our quantitative and qualitative corpus analysis is on Applied Modern Language students from the Faculty of International Business and Economics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies – ASE, Romania, and we shed light on research they conducted for the Annual Student Conferences between 2014-2021 and their Bachelor’s theses between 2016-2021 (languages of submission, research topics etc.). Moreover, the article presents the results obtained when investigating the possible correlations between student research and their continuing education and professional paths.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124140156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The author of this paper operates with the Saussurian distinction langue vs. parole, i.e. the system of language vs. actual communication, in order to argue that an effective class of Romanian as a foreign language (RFL) depends on the ratio of the two fundamental elements of the interaction teacherstudent(s): the rigorous presentation of the language system, of the rules and exceptions that govern it, on the one hand, and, on the other, the ability to maintain a climate of mutual trust, to encourage students’ spontaneous reactions in the target language, RFL.
{"title":"POIETICA PREDĂRII-ASIMILĂRII LIMBII ROMÂNE CA LIMBĂ STRĂINĂ THE POIETICS OF TECHING-LEARNING ROMANIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE","authors":"Mihai Șerban","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/01.07","url":null,"abstract":"The author of this paper operates with the Saussurian distinction langue vs. parole, i.e. the system of language vs. actual communication, in order to argue that an effective class of Romanian as a foreign language (RFL) depends on the ratio of the two fundamental elements of the interaction teacherstudent(s): the rigorous presentation of the language system, of the rules and exceptions that govern it, on the one hand, and, on the other, the ability to maintain a climate of mutual trust, to encourage students’ spontaneous reactions in the target language, RFL.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131303551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper investigates the use of person deixis in the institutional discourse of the World Health Organization (WHO) in order to establish the collective reference function of first person plural pronominals and the individual reference function of first person singular pronominals and second person plural pronominals. The data, selected from media briefings on Convid-19, show that both the individual function, as well as the collective function of deictic pronominals are valuable in the institutional discourse and that deictic pronominals express identity and solidarity.
{"title":"IDENTITY AND SOLIDARITY IN THE INSTITUTIONAL DISCOURSE","authors":"Oana-Maria PUIU (NIŢĂ)","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/01.03","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the use of person deixis in the institutional discourse of the World Health Organization (WHO) in order to establish the collective reference function of first person plural pronominals and the individual reference function of first person singular pronominals and second person plural pronominals. The data, selected from media briefings on Convid-19, show that both the individual function, as well as the collective function of deictic pronominals are valuable in the institutional discourse and that deictic pronominals express identity and solidarity.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116259686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Culturemes are the markers of the source culture, which can reach the reader in the target language only through the ability of the translator, who must, in fact, be a great connoisseur of the most hidden cultural details. For the transposition of a foreign culture into a new culture, for a proper communication between them, a loan is needed, retrieval and processing of information so that it is accepted. The motivation behind this study is to provide an overview of how to approach culturemes in the translation of works of contemporary Chinese literature in Romanian, works characterized by great linguistic and extra-linguistic generosity. In order to achieve this goal, we followed the stages of identifying the culturemes from thirty-one Chinese contemporary novels translated in Romanian; followed by creating a corpus based on fourteen categories and five equivalence methods to ensure the cultural equivalence, coherence and homogeneity of Chinese works recreated for the Romanian reader. Finally, we performed an in-depth study of a selection of culturemes from each category, with the aim of showing their distribution in the Romanian translation of Chinese fiction. The study intends to provoke but also to help raise the awareness that translations are not only transpositions (by this we mean moving from one linguistic register to another without operating the text as part of a cultural whole, approaching it externally to all of its sources of influence from the culture in which it has been created) of a work in another language, but they have the primary role of enriching knowledge about one's culture, civilization, literature – i.e. China’s cultural heritage for the present study. Culturally-aware literary translations are the most effective and most stable manner of intercultural exchange, of international prosperity of a culture, of understanding and acknowledging the cultural specifics of one nation. The intertextual references – the culturemes – studied, are part, as will be presented, of all cultural spheres, from those denoting the daily life of the Chinese, the food and basic needs, to those denoting holidays, toponymy, units of measurement, history, but also those that are politically motivated, while also spiritual, subtle, erudite, which only close study, extensive knowledge and diligent work can drive the translator to find and transfer them to the target reader.
{"title":"AN IN-DEPTH STUDY OF CHINESE CULTUREMES – CARRIERS OF THE MOST SUBTLE CULTURAL ALLUSIONS – EXCERPTED FROM CHINESE CONTEMPORARY NOVELS IN ROMANIAN TRANSLATION","authors":"Iulia Elena Cîndea Gîță","doi":"10.24818/sic/2021/04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/04.01","url":null,"abstract":"Culturemes are the markers of the source culture, which can reach the reader in the target language only through the ability of the translator, who must, in fact, be a great connoisseur of the most hidden cultural details. For the transposition of a foreign culture into a new culture, for a proper communication between them, a loan is needed, retrieval and processing of information so that it is accepted. The motivation behind this study is to provide an overview of how to approach culturemes in the translation of works of contemporary Chinese literature in Romanian, works characterized by great linguistic and extra-linguistic generosity. In order to achieve this goal, we followed the stages of identifying the culturemes from thirty-one Chinese contemporary novels translated in Romanian; followed by creating a corpus based on fourteen categories and five equivalence methods to ensure the cultural equivalence, coherence and homogeneity of Chinese works recreated for the Romanian reader. Finally, we performed an in-depth study of a selection of culturemes from each category, with the aim of showing their distribution in the Romanian translation of Chinese fiction. The study intends to provoke but also to help raise the awareness that translations are not only transpositions (by this we mean moving from one linguistic register to another without operating the text as part of a cultural whole, approaching it externally to all of its sources of influence from the culture in which it has been created) of a work in another language, but they have the primary role of enriching knowledge about one's culture, civilization, literature – i.e. China’s cultural heritage for the present study. Culturally-aware literary translations are the most effective and most stable manner of intercultural exchange, of international prosperity of a culture, of understanding and acknowledging the cultural specifics of one nation. The intertextual references – the culturemes – studied, are part, as will be presented, of all cultural spheres, from those denoting the daily life of the Chinese, the food and basic needs, to those denoting holidays, toponymy, units of measurement, history, but also those that are politically motivated, while also spiritual, subtle, erudite, which only close study, extensive knowledge and diligent work can drive the translator to find and transfer them to the target reader.","PeriodicalId":376452,"journal":{"name":"The International Conference ”Synergies in Communication”","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132424498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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