Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2018.1537101
F. Morton
ABSTRACT Archaeologists in southern Africa who wish to provide public access to visible sites face the challenge of widespread farm privatization and the associated displacement of African communities. Most of today’s six million Tswana speakers cannot access the private farms where many stonewall settlements built by their ancestors are located. Recent research in southern Botswana identified a site on communal land in close proximity to people who can identify it as part of their heritage. In 2017, preparations got underway to develop the large stonewall capital of Makolontwane as a cultural heritage tourism destination. Makolontwane was built by the Tswana-speaking (Ba)Ngwaketse in the eighteenth century as part of their raiding state. Efforts to preserve and restore Makolontwane are grounded in a desire to make such history accessible to all visitors, including Tswana speakers who have been routinely alienated from their own archaeological heritage.
{"title":"Reconnecting Tswana Archaeological Sites with their Descendants: The Challenge of Developing Southern Africa’s Cultural Heritage for Everyone","authors":"F. Morton","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2018.1537101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2018.1537101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Archaeologists in southern Africa who wish to provide public access to visible sites face the challenge of widespread farm privatization and the associated displacement of African communities. Most of today’s six million Tswana speakers cannot access the private farms where many stonewall settlements built by their ancestors are located. Recent research in southern Botswana identified a site on communal land in close proximity to people who can identify it as part of their heritage. In 2017, preparations got underway to develop the large stonewall capital of Makolontwane as a cultural heritage tourism destination. Makolontwane was built by the Tswana-speaking (Ba)Ngwaketse in the eighteenth century as part of their raiding state. Efforts to preserve and restore Makolontwane are grounded in a desire to make such history accessible to all visitors, including Tswana speakers who have been routinely alienated from their own archaeological heritage.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"226 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2018.1537101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48988432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2018.1626051
D. Landon
ABSTRACT This article focuses on four sites in Massachusetts: the eighteenth-century Isaac Royall House in Medford; the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth-century Boston-Higginbotham House on Nantucket; the early nineteenth-century Joy Street tenement house in Boston; and the early nineteenth-century African Meeting House in Boston. These are domestic contexts, with the exception of the African Meeting House, which also includes remains from community and catered events. The Royall House site was home to enslaved Africans and African Americans, but free blacks occupied the other three sites. Analysis of these sites suggests that in New England other factors besides African heritage influenced the types of meat and plants people consumed, including urban or rural locations, economic status of individuals, and home-raising of animals. Minor and idiosyncratic items in assemblages help identify features of African-American foodways in New England. Close contextual analysis of such items highlights their cultural importance and role in the region’s commensal politics.
{"title":"Turtle Feasts and the Commensal Politics of Food: Teasing Out the Flavors of African-American Foodways in New England","authors":"D. Landon","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2018.1626051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2018.1626051","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focuses on four sites in Massachusetts: the eighteenth-century Isaac Royall House in Medford; the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth-century Boston-Higginbotham House on Nantucket; the early nineteenth-century Joy Street tenement house in Boston; and the early nineteenth-century African Meeting House in Boston. These are domestic contexts, with the exception of the African Meeting House, which also includes remains from community and catered events. The Royall House site was home to enslaved Africans and African Americans, but free blacks occupied the other three sites. Analysis of these sites suggests that in New England other factors besides African heritage influenced the types of meat and plants people consumed, including urban or rural locations, economic status of individuals, and home-raising of animals. Minor and idiosyncratic items in assemblages help identify features of African-American foodways in New England. Close contextual analysis of such items highlights their cultural importance and role in the region’s commensal politics.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"243 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2018.1626051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45018114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2018.1527977
Rachel Ama Asaa Engmann
ABSTRACT The transatlantic slave trade and heritage lie at the center of Katrina Browne’s work as a filmmaker, writer and activist. Her film, Traces of the Trade: A Story from the Deep North (2008), which was received to critical acclaim, depicts the story of her family’s attempt to come to terms with their role in the history and legacies of the transatlantic slave trade and slavery. Since the film, she co-founded the Tracing Center on Histories and Legacies of Slavery, a non-profit organization, and has worked as a public speaker, facilitator and trainer at universities, colleges, schools, museums, historic sites, religious congregations, workplaces and professional conferences, nationally and internationally on “racial equity and healing.” In this interview, Katrina discusses the film, her work since then surrounding the history and legacies of the transatlantic slave trade and slavery, as well as the current controversies in relationship to their role in heritage.
{"title":"Owning Slavery: An Interview with Katrina Browne","authors":"Rachel Ama Asaa Engmann","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2018.1527977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2018.1527977","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The transatlantic slave trade and heritage lie at the center of Katrina Browne’s work as a filmmaker, writer and activist. Her film, Traces of the Trade: A Story from the Deep North (2008), which was received to critical acclaim, depicts the story of her family’s attempt to come to terms with their role in the history and legacies of the transatlantic slave trade and slavery. Since the film, she co-founded the Tracing Center on Histories and Legacies of Slavery, a non-profit organization, and has worked as a public speaker, facilitator and trainer at universities, colleges, schools, museums, historic sites, religious congregations, workplaces and professional conferences, nationally and internationally on “racial equity and healing.” In this interview, Katrina discusses the film, her work since then surrounding the history and legacies of the transatlantic slave trade and slavery, as well as the current controversies in relationship to their role in heritage.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"207 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2018.1527977","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43655172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2019.1628420
Helen C. Blouet
ABSTRACT In the nineteenth century, African Moravians used Moravian church cemeteries on Barbados, and their use of such spaces was mediated by their situations in contexts of race, class, and religion. Mortuary practices from slavery to freedom represented social constraints as well as social freedom for individuals and communities. The extent to which we can explore through burials the history and development of mortuary practices in Moravian cemeteries is complicated by each cemetery’s preservation and modification projects. Church cemeteries exist in varying degrees of stability, use, and disrepair. They may have been destroyed, as in the case of Bunker’s Hill, or they may have been differentially preserved and modified as reflected in the Sharon, Mt. Tabor, Calvary, and Clifton Hill cemeteries. Through church cemetery care and analysis, it is possible to enhance awareness of historical complexity in African Moravian life and death on Barbados.
{"title":"Moravian Cemeteries on Barbados: Sites of Historical, Social, and Political Change","authors":"Helen C. Blouet","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2019.1628420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2019.1628420","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the nineteenth century, African Moravians used Moravian church cemeteries on Barbados, and their use of such spaces was mediated by their situations in contexts of race, class, and religion. Mortuary practices from slavery to freedom represented social constraints as well as social freedom for individuals and communities. The extent to which we can explore through burials the history and development of mortuary practices in Moravian cemeteries is complicated by each cemetery’s preservation and modification projects. Church cemeteries exist in varying degrees of stability, use, and disrepair. They may have been destroyed, as in the case of Bunker’s Hill, or they may have been differentially preserved and modified as reflected in the Sharon, Mt. Tabor, Calvary, and Clifton Hill cemeteries. Through church cemetery care and analysis, it is possible to enhance awareness of historical complexity in African Moravian life and death on Barbados.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"265 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2019.1628420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48392238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-04DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2018.1578480
W. Apoh, J. Anquandah, Seyram Amenyo-Xa
ABSTRACT Involuntary servitude, trade, and exchange in humans occurred among communities in parts of what is today known as Ghana before the advent of European involvement. However, with Europeans’ involvement and subsequent colonialism, this practice rapidly evolved into the heinous transatlantic chattel slave trade. Scholars studying slavery know that the material vestiges and memories of this phenomenon persist in the present. Yet, how public audiences engage with slavery’s past is determined by more than the transmission of such academic expertise. Visitors arrive to slave-related heritage sites typically having already had significant exposure to histories of slavery through public discourse and their own schooling. Public tours at such sites also may not relay all types of relevant evidence equally. Historical evidence may be given more attention than archaeological evidence. A monument’s architecture may be given more attention than less obvious material residues. This article explores visitor experiences at Ghana’s Cape Coast Castle, with particular attention given to visitor perceptions of the monument and of the history of slavery. We analyze how these perceptions are affected by visitors’ exposure to information on archaeological residues identified in Cape Coast Castle’s dungeons and in broader historical contextualization of the site.
{"title":"Shit, Blood, Artifacts, and Tears: Interrogating Visitor Perceptions and Archaeological Residues at Ghana's Cape Coast Castle Slave Dungeon","authors":"W. Apoh, J. Anquandah, Seyram Amenyo-Xa","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2018.1578480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2018.1578480","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Involuntary servitude, trade, and exchange in humans occurred among communities in parts of what is today known as Ghana before the advent of European involvement. However, with Europeans’ involvement and subsequent colonialism, this practice rapidly evolved into the heinous transatlantic chattel slave trade. Scholars studying slavery know that the material vestiges and memories of this phenomenon persist in the present. Yet, how public audiences engage with slavery’s past is determined by more than the transmission of such academic expertise. Visitors arrive to slave-related heritage sites typically having already had significant exposure to histories of slavery through public discourse and their own schooling. Public tours at such sites also may not relay all types of relevant evidence equally. Historical evidence may be given more attention than archaeological evidence. A monument’s architecture may be given more attention than less obvious material residues. This article explores visitor experiences at Ghana’s Cape Coast Castle, with particular attention given to visitor perceptions of the monument and of the history of slavery. We analyze how these perceptions are affected by visitors’ exposure to information on archaeological residues identified in Cape Coast Castle’s dungeons and in broader historical contextualization of the site.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"105 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2018.1578480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47290629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-04DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2019.1589712
M. Kroot, Cameron D. Gokee
ABSTRACT The Bandafassi Regional Archaeological Project (BRAP) explores a multiethnic landscape in the upper Gambia River region heavily impacted by slavery. The project assesses discourses of different stakeholders to see what is silenced, acknowledged, centered, and decentered in historical narratives. This article compares if and how slavery is invoked by narrators discussing the Atlantic era history of our study area, a region that today includes the UNESCO World Heritage cultural landscape of Bassari Country. Narratives presented by local guides specializing in tours of specific, ethnic communities emphasize intercommunity or interethnic politics and militarism. Narratives used in applications for and recognition of World Heritage status focused on interethnic ecological complementarities. Archaeological evidence for changes in settlement patterns and defensive architecture highlight the local effects of Atlantic entanglements and slaving on the landscape. BRAP’s work complements other regional narratives by analyzing the politics of the historiography of Atlantic era West Africa.
{"title":"Histories and Material Manifestations of Slavery in the Upper Gambia River Region: Preliminary Results of the Bandafassi Regional Archaeological Project","authors":"M. Kroot, Cameron D. Gokee","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2019.1589712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589712","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Bandafassi Regional Archaeological Project (BRAP) explores a multiethnic landscape in the upper Gambia River region heavily impacted by slavery. The project assesses discourses of different stakeholders to see what is silenced, acknowledged, centered, and decentered in historical narratives. This article compares if and how slavery is invoked by narrators discussing the Atlantic era history of our study area, a region that today includes the UNESCO World Heritage cultural landscape of Bassari Country. Narratives presented by local guides specializing in tours of specific, ethnic communities emphasize intercommunity or interethnic politics and militarism. Narratives used in applications for and recognition of World Heritage status focused on interethnic ecological complementarities. Archaeological evidence for changes in settlement patterns and defensive architecture highlight the local effects of Atlantic entanglements and slaving on the landscape. BRAP’s work complements other regional narratives by analyzing the politics of the historiography of Atlantic era West Africa.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"104 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48655053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-04DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2019.1589713
L. Marshall
ABSTRACT This thematic collection of articles on landscapes of slavery in Africa examines how landscapes form and reform over time and explores a diversity of heritage and memory investments of displaced peoples. These studies expand and complicate ongoing discussions in archaeology and history about the ways in which the operations and impacts of slavery were inscribed into landscapes. Resident and displaced populations today confront challenges in how to interpret, memorialize, and commemorate those cultural landscapes.
{"title":"Introduction: Landscapes of Slavery in Africa","authors":"L. Marshall","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2019.1589713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589713","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This thematic collection of articles on landscapes of slavery in Africa examines how landscapes form and reform over time and explores a diversity of heritage and memory investments of displaced peoples. These studies expand and complicate ongoing discussions in archaeology and history about the ways in which the operations and impacts of slavery were inscribed into landscapes. Resident and displaced populations today confront challenges in how to interpret, memorialize, and commemorate those cultural landscapes.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"71 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589713","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41621519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-04DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2019.1589714
D. Rhodes
ABSTRACT East Africa has been part of an Indian Ocean trading network connecting it with the Arab world since at least the eighth century CE. This trade included the trafficking of humans. A number of sites associated with slave trading in East Africa are open to public display while some are also incorporated into local folklore. This article explores the historical interpretation of slavery presented at several sites in Zanzibar and mainland Tanzania. Analysis of these sites demonstrates that the public narratives accepted and presented about them are influenced by the region's colonial past and nineteenth-century European dominated cultural constructs.
{"title":"History, Materialization, and Presentation of Slavery in Tanzania","authors":"D. Rhodes","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2019.1589714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589714","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT East Africa has been part of an Indian Ocean trading network connecting it with the Arab world since at least the eighth century CE. This trade included the trafficking of humans. A number of sites associated with slave trading in East Africa are open to public display while some are also incorporated into local folklore. This article explores the historical interpretation of slavery presented at several sites in Zanzibar and mainland Tanzania. Analysis of these sites demonstrates that the public narratives accepted and presented about them are influenced by the region's colonial past and nineteenth-century European dominated cultural constructs.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"165 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41803327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-04DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2018.1578484
J. Haines
ABSTRACT The archaeology of Bras d’Eau National Park, Mauritius provides a case study of transformations in physical and social landscapes under the coercive labor regimes of slavery and indenture, and twentieth-century colonial and post-colonial environmental projects. This article considers the regional and domestic spatial practices in the Bras d’Eau site that, over the course of three centuries, transitioned from farm, to sugar plantation, to forestry crown lands, to national park. Archaeological analysis and archival documentation show that the material traces of each phase of occupation are layered in Bras d’Eau’s landscape like a palimpsest. The built infrastructure of the estate facilitated movement and access to broader island resources essential to later sugar production, but the organization of the estate was also embedded within emerging everyday Mauritian expressions of agency, health, and environment. Today, ancient roads, village ruins, and the forest together form a heritage of environmental and cultural preservation and loss.
{"title":"Landscape Transformation under Slavery, Indenture, and Imperial Projects in Bras d’Eau National Park, Mauritius","authors":"J. Haines","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2018.1578484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2018.1578484","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The archaeology of Bras d’Eau National Park, Mauritius provides a case study of transformations in physical and social landscapes under the coercive labor regimes of slavery and indenture, and twentieth-century colonial and post-colonial environmental projects. This article considers the regional and domestic spatial practices in the Bras d’Eau site that, over the course of three centuries, transitioned from farm, to sugar plantation, to forestry crown lands, to national park. Archaeological analysis and archival documentation show that the material traces of each phase of occupation are layered in Bras d’Eau’s landscape like a palimpsest. The built infrastructure of the estate facilitated movement and access to broader island resources essential to later sugar production, but the organization of the estate was also embedded within emerging everyday Mauritian expressions of agency, health, and environment. Today, ancient roads, village ruins, and the forest together form a heritage of environmental and cultural preservation and loss.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"131 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2018.1578484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48024497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-04DOI: 10.1080/21619441.2019.1589711
H. Kiriama
ABSTRACT Cultural landscapes impacted by slavery and its effects in eighteenth-century Kenya included coastal trading entrepôts, interior caravan trade routes, coastal plantation complexes, European mission stations, freed slave settlements, and runaway slave settlements. Landscapes represent the values, symbols, and meanings that societies have imbued upon them. A cultural landscape is not only a physical place, but also encompasses the memories associated with that space. Studies of such landscapes enable understanding of the histories of peoples, places, and events. This article works to understand how the people who lived in landscapes of slavery in Kenya perceived and interacted with those terrains. Former slaves and their descendants used tangible and intangible elements of landscapes to construct places of memory; these memories not only connect them to the landscapes they presently occupy but also to an imaginary, ancestral homeland that they have never seen.
{"title":"The Landscapes of Slavery in Kenya","authors":"H. Kiriama","doi":"10.1080/21619441.2019.1589711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589711","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cultural landscapes impacted by slavery and its effects in eighteenth-century Kenya included coastal trading entrepôts, interior caravan trade routes, coastal plantation complexes, European mission stations, freed slave settlements, and runaway slave settlements. Landscapes represent the values, symbols, and meanings that societies have imbued upon them. A cultural landscape is not only a physical place, but also encompasses the memories associated with that space. Studies of such landscapes enable understanding of the histories of peoples, places, and events. This article works to understand how the people who lived in landscapes of slavery in Kenya perceived and interacted with those terrains. Former slaves and their descendants used tangible and intangible elements of landscapes to construct places of memory; these memories not only connect them to the landscapes they presently occupy but also to an imaginary, ancestral homeland that they have never seen.","PeriodicalId":37778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage","volume":"7 1","pages":"192 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48473926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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