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Optimal Design of Kinematics Parallel Manipulator Considering Workspace and Control Effort 考虑工作空间和控制力的运动学并联机器人优化设计
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.4.234-240
Diego A. Nunez, Mauricio Mauledoux, Oscar Aviles, Juan Guacheta, Sebastian Gonzalez
Several studies have reported the design of kinematics parallel mechanisms based on behavioral features; however, the design of this kind of system with six degrees of freedom considering parallelly volumetric behavior together with control effort remains to be accomplished. This work addresses the design of one type of these mechanisms based on two aspects: workspace and control effort. All aspects are considering and optimizing simultaneously through a multiobjective optimization technique based on a bio-inspired algorithm named Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Differential Evolution Algorithm, which brings about a Pareto front. The workspace is determined using the inverse kinematics constrained boundaries analysis and a mono-objective optimization method. On the other hand, control effort is resolved by calculating the Euclidian norm of each torque signal of the system, which is controlled by a hybrid technique consisting of sliding modes and differential flatness. Finally, relations between the two studied aspects are depicted and analyzed.
一些研究报道了基于行为特征的运动学并联机构的设计;然而,考虑并联体积行为和控制努力的六自由度系统的设计仍有待完成。这项工作解决了基于两个方面的这些机制的一种类型的设计:工作空间和控制工作。通过一种基于生物启发算法的多目标优化技术,即精英非支配排序差分进化算法,同时考虑和优化各个方面,从而得到一个帕累托前沿。利用逆运动学约束边界分析和单目标优化方法确定工作空间。另一方面,通过计算系统各转矩信号的欧几里德范数来解决控制工作量,并采用由滑模和微分平面度组成的混合控制技术进行控制。最后,对两个研究方面的关系进行了描述和分析。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of Multilayer Processing of Semi-finished Leather Products 皮革半成品多层加工的效果
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.4.248-254
A. Amanov, G. Bahadirov, Gerasim N. Tsoy, Ayder Nabiev
An experimental study was carried out to substantiate the simultaneous removal of excess moisture from two layers of wet leather semi-finished products. For the experiment, a multilayer package was compiled, consisting of two layers of wet leather semi-finished products and two layers of permeable cloth, laid between them. The selection of samples of semi-finished leather products for the experiment were selected from chromeplated bovine hide of medium weight, double. The excess moisture content from the wet leather semi-finished products was squeezed out by means of a vertical chain transmission on the base plate under pressure between the rotating shafts. The working shafts are covered with a permeable cloth. The experiment used the second-order Doptimal planning method. On the basis of the obtained experimental results, mathematical equations were obtained expressing the amount of moisture removed from the first and second layers of leather semi-finished products, depending on different feed rates and clamping forces of the working shafts. The main parameters of the technological process of two-layer processing of wet leather semi-finished products with their vertical feeding on the base plate between the shafts are experimentally substantiated. The parameters of the feed rate, the pressing force of the working shafts and the values of the residual moisture of the processed wet leather semi-finished products have been determined. In the future, the results obtained will serve to determine the maximum (permissible) number of layers of wet capillary-porous materials during their simultaneous processing, taking into account the provision of the necessary residual moisture in each of them.
对两层湿皮革半成品同时脱除多余水分进行了实验研究。在实验中,我们编制了一个多层包,由两层湿皮革半成品和两层透水布组成,它们之间铺设。实验用皮革半成品样品选用中重双层镀铬牛皮。在转轴之间的压力作用下,通过基板上的垂直链传动将湿皮革半成品中的多余水分挤出。工作轴上覆盖着一层透水布。实验采用二阶最优规划方法。在得到的实验结果的基础上,根据不同的进给速度和工作轴夹紧力,得到了第一层和第二层皮革半成品去湿量的数学方程。对湿皮革半成品在轴间基板上垂直进料的两层加工工艺的主要参数进行了实验验证。测定了湿皮革半成品的进料速度、工作轴的压紧力和残余水分等参数。在未来,所获得的结果将用于确定湿毛细管-多孔材料在其同时处理过程中的最大(允许)层数,同时考虑到每层材料中必要的残余水分的提供。
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引用次数: 5
Fatigue Testing of the Small Wind Turbine Blade 小型风力发电机叶片疲劳试验
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.4.269-274
K. Zawadzki, Anna Baszczyńska, Angela Fliszewska, Szymon Molenda, J. Bobrowski, M. Sikorski
Blades are the elements of a wind turbine which are the most vulnerable to destruction. Facing the unstable wind (one that changes its speed and direction), they are subjected to cyclic and fluctuating loads. This problem is particularly pronounced in case of small wind turbine (SWT) blades or blades for wind tunnel tests in scale, which are oftentimes made of anisotropic materials or manufactured in a way leading to anisotropy, like 3D-printing. SWT blades have to be designed in a way which will allow them to operate for a long time without any fracture. Hence, the fatigue strength is a key parameter, which determines their operation time and should be tested before putting a wind turbine into operation. The aim of this paper is to describe the methodology of fatigue tests of the small wind turbine blades. Next, the construction of the fatigue test stand and results of the experiment will be examined.
叶片是风力涡轮机中最容易损坏的部件。面对不稳定的风(改变其速度和方向的风),它们受到循环和波动的载荷。在小型风力涡轮机(SWT)叶片或用于风洞测试的叶片的情况下,这个问题尤其明显,这些叶片通常由各向异性材料制成,或者以导致各向异性的方式制造,如3d打印。SWT叶片的设计必须使其能够长时间工作而不会发生任何断裂。因此,疲劳强度是决定风力机运行时间的关键参数,应在风力机投入运行前进行测试。本文的目的是描述小型风力发电机叶片疲劳试验方法。接下来,对疲劳试验台的搭建和试验结果进行检验。
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引用次数: 1
A Study of Converting a Conventional Vehicle into an Electric Vehicle 传统汽车转换为电动汽车的研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.8.569-574
Pham Quoc Thai, V. Tai, Huynh Duc Tri, Vo Trong Nam
— Electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles are practical solutions to solve increasing global energy demand and environmental problems. The paper describes the design of an electric bus based on a conventional bus. According to the vehicle performance index, the parameters of the designed electric vehicle were calculated and configurated. The AVL CRUISE flatform was used to simulate and analyze the vehicle performance based on the New European Driving Cycle and Japan mode 1 Urban cycle. The simulation results reveal that the designed vehicle has good dynamic performance and economic performance.
-电动汽车和混合动力汽车是解决日益增长的全球能源需求和环境问题的实际解决方案。本文在传统客车的基础上设计了一种电动客车。根据整车性能指标,对所设计的电动汽车进行了参数计算和配置。采用AVL CRUISE平台,对基于新欧洲驾驶工况和日本模式1城市工况的整车性能进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,所设计的车辆具有良好的动力性和经济性。
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引用次数: 2
LabVIEW Implementation of Tuning PID Controller Using Advanced Control Optimization Techniques for Micro-robotics System 基于先进控制优化技术的微机器人系统PID控制器整定LabVIEW实现
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.9.653-661
E. S. Ghith, F. A. Tolba
—Microparticles have the potentials to be used for many medical purposes in-side the human body such as drug delivery and other operations. This paper attempts to provide a thorough comparison between eight meta-heuristic search algorithms: Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA), Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA), Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA), Multi-Verse Optimizer (MVO) Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), Sine-Cosine Algorithm (SCA), and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). These approaches were used to calculate the PID controller optimal indicators with the application of different functions, including Integral Absolute Error (IAE), Integral of Time Multiplied by Square Error (ITSE), Integral Square Time multiplied square Error (ISTES), Integral Square Error (ISE), Integral of Square Time multiplied by square Error ( (ISTSE), and Integral of Time multiplied by Absolute Error (ITAE). Every method of controlling was presented in a MATLAB Simulink numerical model, and LABVIEW software was used to run the experimental tests. . It is observed that the GWO technique achieves the highest values of settling error for both simulation and experimental results among other control approaches, while the SSA approach reduces the settling error by 50% compared to former experiments. The results indicate that SSA is the best method among all approaches and that ISTES is the best choice of PID for optimizing the controlling parameters.
微粒有潜力用于人体内部的许多医疗用途,如药物输送和其他手术。本文试图对麻雀搜索算法(SSA)、花授粉算法(FPA)、泥霉菌算法(SMA)、海洋捕食者算法(MPA)、多宇宙优化器(MVO)、灰狼优化算法(GWO)、正弦余弦算法(SCA)和鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)等8种元启发式搜索算法进行全面比较。利用这些方法计算了不同函数下PID控制器的最优指标,包括积分绝对误差(IAE)、积分时间乘平方误差(ITSE)、积分时间乘平方误差(ISTES)、积分平方误差(ISE)、积分时间乘平方误差(ISTSE)和积分时间乘绝对误差(ITAE)。在MATLAB Simulink中给出了各种控制方法的数值模型,并利用LABVIEW软件进行了实验测试。结果表明,GWO控制方法在模拟和实验结果中沉降误差最高,而SSA控制方法的沉降误差比以往的控制方法降低了50%。结果表明,SSA是所有方法中最优的方法,ISTES是PID优化控制参数的最佳选择。
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引用次数: 2
Genetic Algorithms for Stable Robot Grasping 机器人稳定抓取的遗传算法
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.7.507-512
B. Hichri, Francesco Giovannini, Sławomir Kędziora
The goal of this paper is to propose an optimal positioning of robotic hand fingers, for a generic 3D object, to ensure stable grasping for an industrial pick and place process. The proposed strategy for optimal positioning based on genetic algorithms is presented. The grasping configuration is determined under several criteria that ensure the object stability. One criterion is based on Static Stability Margin (SSM) that takes into consideration the position of object center of mass in the polygon of support and a second criterion based on the Force Closure Grasping (FCG) taking into consideration the contact forces applied by the robotic hand fingertips. The optimal positioning algorithm results are presented to validate our proposal for a different kind of products.
本文的目标是针对一般的3D物体提出机械手手指的最佳定位,以确保工业拾取和放置过程中的稳定抓取。提出了基于遗传算法的最优定位策略。抓握结构是在保证物体稳定性的几个标准下确定的。一种准则是基于静态稳定裕度(SSM),考虑了物体质心在支撑多边形中的位置;另一种准则是基于力闭合抓握(FCG),考虑了机器人手指尖施加的接触力。针对不同类型的产品,给出了最优定位算法的结果。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis and Optimisation Strategy on Influence of Knot Vector to NURBS Curve 结矢量对NURBS曲线影响的分析与优化策略
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.7.549-555
Zheng Shuai
This study investigates the variation in the NURBS shape caused by knot vectors produced by various algorithms to minimise the influence of knot vectors on the NURBS interpolation. The differences in shape variations of NURBS curves computed by knot vectors generated by the Hartley–Judd, Riesenfeld and Rogers algorithms are compared and analysed; an error function is defined to analyse the mathematical features of the differences caused by the three calculations and a weighted average calculation method beyond the classical algorithm is proposed. Additionally, the study introduces a combinatorial algorithm for optimising the computing process and increasing computing efficiency. The experimental results show that the new method produces a more accurate NURBS curve than the classical method does, making it more suitable for CNC interpolation.
本研究调查了由各种算法产生的结向量引起的NURBS形状的变化,以尽量减少结向量对NURBS插补的影响。比较分析了Hartley-Judd、Riesenfeld和Rogers算法生成的结矢量计算的NURBS曲线形状变化的差异;定义了误差函数,分析了三种计算方法差异的数学特征,提出了一种超越经典算法的加权平均计算方法。此外,本文还引入了一种组合算法来优化计算过程,提高计算效率。实验结果表明,新方法得到的NURBS曲线比传统方法得到的NURBS曲线更精确,更适合数控插补。
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引用次数: 2
A Review on Wheeled Type In-Pipe Inspection Robot 轮式管道内检测机器人研究进展
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.10.745-754
R. Sugin Elankavi, D. Dinakaran, R. Chetty, M. M. Ramya, D. Samuel
—Research in In-Pipe Inspection Robots (IPIRs) has gained interest over recent years. Pipeline inspection robots bring reliability and repeatability to various pipeline inspection and maintenance processes. IPIRs are categorized based on their type of locomotion, and this study aims to analyze their advantages and limitations. Among all the IPIRs, the wheeled type IPIR has seen a tremendous change in its design, steering mechanism, and the way they use different wheels to pass through pipelines easily. This study compares and analyses an up-to-date review on wheeled type IPIRs in detail. This review helps the researchers to select the optimal wheeled type IPIR for inspection. The review concludes with the future research directions that the researchers need to focus on for the development of pipeline inspection robots. Developing an effective IPIR ensures human safety and improves the inspection process.
-管道内检测机器人(ipir)的研究近年来引起了人们的兴趣。管道检测机器人为各种管道检测和维护过程带来了可靠性和可重复性。ipir是根据其运动类型进行分类的,本研究旨在分析它们的优点和局限性。在所有IPIR中,轮式IPIR在设计、转向机构以及使用不同车轮轻松通过管道的方式上都发生了巨大的变化。本研究对轮式ipir的最新综述进行了详细的比较和分析。本综述有助于研究人员选择最佳的轮式IPIR进行检查。最后,对管道检测机器人未来的研究方向进行了展望。制定有效的IPIR确保人员安全并改进检查过程。
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引用次数: 1
Fabrication and Testing of Modified Magnetorheological Damper Fitted with External Permanent Magnet Assembly 外置永磁组件改进型磁流变阻尼器的制造与测试
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.4.215-226
Y. Khedkar, S. Bhat, H. Adarsha
Many vehicle systems and industrial equipment face the issue of vibrations. As such, vibration control devices like classical hydraulic dampers are utilized to minimize vibrations. In this context, magenetorheological fluid is introduced as a damper fluid to improve the damper's vibration reduction capability. This damper is known as the MR damper in which the magnetic field required to activate MR fluid is produced by using an electromagnet over the piston inside the damper cylinder. However, some severe problems are observed due to internal electromagnetic piston configuration in the conventional MR damper. Therefore, modification is suggested in the damper in the form of an external permanent magnet assembly's fitment.The proposed model consists of a damper cylinder filled with MR fluid and an external assembly of permanent magnets positioned near the cylinder. The conventional and modified MR dampers have been tested on a test rig by changing the MR fluid configuration, excitation frequency of exciter, and excitation current. The MR effect on velocity and damping force in conventional and modified dampers has been recorded and compared. The results convincingly indicate that the modified MR damper delivers good performance by generating sufficient damping capacity that can be utilized for necessary applications. Importantly, it resolves the problems associated with conventional MR dampers like electric current unavailability at field, clumping, hard cake formation, remanence phenomenon, and excessive heat formation.
许多车辆系统和工业设备都面临振动问题。因此,振动控制装置,如经典的液压阻尼器被用来最小化振动。在这种情况下,为了提高阻尼器的减振能力,引入了磁流变液作为阻尼液。这种阻尼器被称为磁流变阻尼器,其中激活磁流变流体所需的磁场是通过在阻尼器气缸内的活塞上使用电磁铁产生的。然而,由于传统磁流变阻尼器的内部电磁活塞配置,观察到一些严重的问题。因此,建议在阻尼器中以外部永磁组件安装的形式进行修改。所提出的模型包括一个充满磁流变液的阻尼器气缸和一个位于气缸附近的永磁体外部组件。通过改变磁流变液的结构、励磁器的励磁频率和励磁电流,对传统和改进的磁流变阻尼器进行了试验。记录并比较了传统减振器和改进减振器中磁流变对速度和阻尼力的影响。结果令人信服地表明,改进后的MR阻尼器通过产生足够的阻尼能力来提供良好的性能,可以用于必要的应用。重要的是,它解决了与传统MR阻尼器相关的问题,如现场电流不可用、结块、硬饼形成、剩余物现象和过热形成。
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引用次数: 0
Fractional Order Sliding Mode Control for Planar Flexible-Joint Robot 2-DOF Considering Parametric Uncertainty and External Disturbance 考虑参数不确定性和外部干扰的平面柔性关节机器人分数阶滑模控制
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijmerr.11.12.915-922
N. Hiền, Dang Danh Hoang, Tran Xuan Minh
—This paper presents modelling and control for planar flexible-joint 2-DOF, an underactuated system. Thus designing to obtain stability of actuated joints and underactuated is a challenge for a control system. In the conventional sliding mode control method, the sliding surface is normally expressed based on the integer-order differentiation of the state variables. In the study, fractional order sliding mode control (FOSMC) algorithm is given, and then the sliding surface is designed by the fractional-order calculus,i.e, using fractional-order differentiation of the state variables. Thus, the fractional dimension accelerating the change rate of angle deviation is contained in the control output, which means that the control output of the FOSMC is sensitive to the change rate of angle deviation and provides a prompt control output for the system. From which, FOSMC based on Lyapunov theory and fractional calculus is proposed for the robot to achieve the global stability of two joints. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are demonstrated by MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation that the robot model considers parametric uncertainty and external disturbance.
对欠驱动的平面柔性关节二自由度系统进行了建模和控制。因此,如何获得驱动关节和欠驱动关节的稳定性是控制系统面临的挑战。在传统的滑模控制方法中,滑动面通常是基于状态变量的整阶微分来表示的。首先给出了分数阶滑模控制算法,然后利用分数阶微积分设计了滑模控制的滑动面。E,使用状态变量的分数阶微分。因此,控制输出中包含了加速角偏差变化率的分数维,这意味着FOSMC的控制输出对角偏差变化率敏感,为系统提供了及时的控制输出。在此基础上,提出了基于Lyapunov理论和分数阶微积分的FOSMC,以实现机器人两个关节的全局稳定。通过MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真验证了该方法的有效性和可行性,该机器人模型考虑了参数不确定性和外部干扰。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research
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