As part of its Paris Agreement commitment, Iran pledged to decrease 4 percent of its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from 2020 to 2030. About 29% of total emission in Iran belongs to electricity supply while energy consumption in other sectors (transport, household, and industry) have a lower share in CO2 emission. The main concern here is finding the optimal mix of power plants in the electricity supply system that should be deployed to meet Iran’s mentioned respective targets. So, we developed a non-linear mathematical programming model for Iran’s electricity system to address this concern. Results show that a 10-20% diffusion of renewable energy and converting gas turbine power plants to gas combined cycle technology with 5% annual rate can satisfy Iran’s emissions pledge under the Paris Climate Accord. Finally, this model has been run for years between 2017-2030. Four scenarios have also been prepared based on different Iranian Five-Year Development Plans.
{"title":"Optimal electricity supply system under Iranian framework limitations to meet its emission pledge under the Paris climate agreement","authors":"A. Godarzi, A. Maleki","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.5896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.5896","url":null,"abstract":"As part of its Paris Agreement commitment, Iran pledged to decrease 4 percent of its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from 2020 to 2030. About 29% of total emission in Iran belongs to electricity supply while energy consumption in other sectors (transport, household, and industry) have a lower share in CO2 emission. The main concern here is finding the optimal mix of power plants in the electricity supply system that should be deployed to meet Iran’s mentioned respective targets. So, we developed a non-linear mathematical programming model for Iran’s electricity system to address this concern. Results show that a 10-20% diffusion of renewable energy and converting gas turbine power plants to gas combined cycle technology with 5% annual rate can satisfy Iran’s emissions pledge under the Paris Climate Accord. Finally, this model has been run for years between 2017-2030. Four scenarios have also been prepared based on different Iranian Five-Year Development Plans.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42796629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increasingly, modern society is dependent on energy to thrive. Remarkable attention is being drawn to high energy-efficient conversion systems such as cogeneration. World energy sustainability depends on the rational use of energy, fulfilling the demands without compromising the future of energy supply. The market trends foresee the use of decentralized production and the increasing replacement of conventional systems by small-scale cogeneration units as solutions to meet the energy needs of the building sector. Analysing the influence of the variables that determine the economic viability of decentralized energy production systems has become more important given the scenario of energy dependence and high energy costs for the final consumer. A cost-benefit model was developed and presented to identify the potential of small commercial scale cogeneration systems in the Portuguese building sector, based on cost-benefit analysis methodology. Five case-scenarios were analysed based on commercial models, using different technologies such as internal combustion engines, gas turbines and Stirling engines. A positive value of CBA analysis was obtained for all the tested cases, however, the use of classic economic evaluation criteria such as the net present value, internal rate of return and payback period results led to different investment decisions. The model also highlights the influence of energy prices in the economic viability of these energy power plants. The inclusion of subsidized tariffs for efficient energy production is the most contributing aspect in the analysis of the economic viability of small-scale cogeneration systems in the Portuguese building sector. Only in that case, it would be possible for an investor to recover the capital costs of such technology, even if the technical and societal benefits are accounted for.
{"title":"Application of a cost-benefit model to evaluate the investment viability of the small-scale cogeneration systems in the Portuguese context","authors":"A. Ferreira, S. Teixeira, J. Teixeira, S. Nebra","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.5400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.5400","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, modern society is dependent on energy to thrive. Remarkable attention is being drawn to high energy-efficient conversion systems such as cogeneration. World energy sustainability depends on the rational use of energy, fulfilling the demands without compromising the future of energy supply. The market trends foresee the use of decentralized production and the increasing replacement of conventional systems by small-scale cogeneration units as solutions to meet the energy needs of the building sector. Analysing the influence of the variables that determine the economic viability of decentralized energy production systems has become more important given the scenario of energy dependence and high energy costs for the final consumer. A cost-benefit model was developed and presented to identify the potential of small commercial scale cogeneration systems in the Portuguese building sector, based on cost-benefit analysis methodology. Five case-scenarios were analysed based on commercial models, using different technologies such as internal combustion engines, gas turbines and Stirling engines. A positive value of CBA analysis was obtained for all the tested cases, however, the use of classic economic evaluation criteria such as the net present value, internal rate of return and payback period results led to different investment decisions. The model also highlights the influence of energy prices in the economic viability of these energy power plants. The inclusion of subsidized tariffs for efficient energy production is the most contributing aspect in the analysis of the economic viability of small-scale cogeneration systems in the Portuguese building sector. Only in that case, it would be possible for an investor to recover the capital costs of such technology, even if the technical and societal benefits are accounted for.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46245533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wind power has major benefits including providing for an increasing energy demand while tackling climate change problems. Detailed planning processes such as technical, social, environmental, various agents, and political concerns are essential for the development of wind energy projects. The objective of the present study is to develop a visualization that combines Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and implementation for Kayseri, Develi in Turkey as a case study. For the analyzes, CORINE CLC 2000 and other data sources were employed for data acquisition to unlock fragmented and hidden onshore data resources and to facilitate investment in sustainable coastal and inland activities. Several factors were determined in the wind power plant installations such as wind potential, roads, water sources, and these factors were analyzed based on their buffer zones. After detailed analyses, sites near the Havadan (7.87 MW) and Kulpak (9.22 MW) villages were found to be the most suitable locations for the installation of a potential onshore wind farm. The method suggested in this study can be used to analyze the suitability of any region at the regional level for onshore wind power plant and the results of the study can be used to develop based on public perception, renewable energy policies, energy political rules.
{"title":"Determination of the most appropriate site selection of wind power plants based Geographic Information System and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making approach in Develi, Turkey","authors":"M. Genç","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.6242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.6242","url":null,"abstract":"Wind power has major benefits including providing for an increasing energy demand while tackling climate change problems. Detailed planning processes such as technical, social, environmental, various agents, and political concerns are essential for the development of wind energy projects. The objective of the present study is to develop a visualization that combines Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and implementation for Kayseri, Develi in Turkey as a case study. For the analyzes, CORINE CLC 2000 and other data sources were employed for data acquisition to unlock fragmented and hidden onshore data resources and to facilitate investment in sustainable coastal and inland activities. Several factors were determined in the wind power plant installations such as wind potential, roads, water sources, and these factors were analyzed based on their buffer zones. After detailed analyses, sites near the Havadan (7.87 MW) and Kulpak (9.22 MW) villages were found to be the most suitable locations for the installation of a potential onshore wind farm. The method suggested in this study can be used to analyze the suitability of any region at the regional level for onshore wind power plant and the results of the study can be used to develop based on public perception, renewable energy policies, energy political rules.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43020532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy hub concept has been emerged as a suitable tool to analyze multi-carrier energy systems. Deregulation and increasing competition in the energy industry have provided a suitable platform for developing the energy systems composed of competing energy hubs. Planning of energy hubs considering the competition between the hubs has not been sufficiently addressed, yet. A model has been proposed in this study for planning of a multi-hub energy system considering the competition between the hubs. The hubs are interconnected via an electric transmission system. While the heat demand for each hub must be supplied by deploying associated technologies, the electricity demand can be fulfilled by investing in technologies or exchanging through the transmission system considering the market price and line loading limits. A linear model has been developed to determine the optimal capacity development of heat and electricity generation technologies for energy hubs in a multi-period planning horizon to meet the heat and electricity demand for the defined load zone. The problem has been formulated and solved using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions. Once solved, the optimal capacity development in the hubs is determined as well as the amount and price of electricity interchange between the hubs for the load zones of the planning horizon. The proposed model has been applied to 3-Hub and 5-Hub energy systems. The effect of renewable generation and storage system have also been evaluated. The result have been presented and discussed to evaluate the validity of the results as well as the capabilities of the proposed model. It was observed that, due to the competition between the hubs, the electricity generation capacity in a hub can reach 23% higher that the peak demand of the same hub. The electricity price between the hubs differs by 25% while the difference between the gas price of the hubs is about 5 percent. It has also been observed that inclusion of renewable generation or storage technologies can alter the electricity generation capacity by 63 percent in HUB2.
{"title":"Planning of multi-hub energy system by considering competition issue","authors":"B. Farshidian, A. Rajabi-Ghahnavieh, E. Haghi","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.6190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.6190","url":null,"abstract":"Energy hub concept has been emerged as a suitable tool to analyze multi-carrier energy systems. Deregulation and increasing competition in the energy industry have provided a suitable platform for developing the energy systems composed of competing energy hubs. Planning of energy hubs considering the competition between the hubs has not been sufficiently addressed, yet. A model has been proposed in this study for planning of a multi-hub energy system considering the competition between the hubs. The hubs are interconnected via an electric transmission system. While the heat demand for each hub must be supplied by deploying associated technologies, the electricity demand can be fulfilled by investing in technologies or exchanging through the transmission system considering the market price and line loading limits. A linear model has been developed to determine the optimal capacity development of heat and electricity generation technologies for energy hubs in a multi-period planning horizon to meet the heat and electricity demand for the defined load zone. The problem has been formulated and solved using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions. Once solved, the optimal capacity development in the hubs is determined as well as the amount and price of electricity interchange between the hubs for the load zones of the planning horizon. The proposed model has been applied to 3-Hub and 5-Hub energy systems. The effect of renewable generation and storage system have also been evaluated. The result have been presented and discussed to evaluate the validity of the results as well as the capabilities of the proposed model. It was observed that, due to the competition between the hubs, the electricity generation capacity in a hub can reach 23% higher that the peak demand of the same hub. The electricity price between the hubs differs by 25% while the difference between the gas price of the hubs is about 5 percent. It has also been observed that inclusion of renewable generation or storage technologies can alter the electricity generation capacity by 63 percent in HUB2.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49277970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photovoltaic (PV) experiences significant growth and has installed in many locations worldwide over the past decades. However, selecting the best alternative of PV system remains a problem in developing countries which often involves both interest and multiple objectives and from stakeholders. This research aims to select ideal PV model in an isolated island in the eastern part of Indonesia. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) will provide an ideal solution that uses a systematic process of decision making. This research proposes an alternative concept of MCDM by taking into account best-worst method and VIKOR method. In general, the main purpose of the both methods are to obtain weights and rank alternatives with the advantages of less information required and produce a more consistent result compared to AHP method. The result shows the best alternative for PV installation, which offers the highest power and potentially developed not only for daily access to electricity but also to support economic activities such as tourism and aquaculture.
{"title":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Photovoltaic Alternatives: A Case Study in Hot Climate Country","authors":"P. Miraj, M. Berawi","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.5897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.5897","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic (PV) experiences significant growth and has installed in many locations worldwide over the past decades. However, selecting the best alternative of PV system remains a problem in developing countries which often involves both interest and multiple objectives and from stakeholders. This research aims to select ideal PV model in an isolated island in the eastern part of Indonesia. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) will provide an ideal solution that uses a systematic process of decision making. This research proposes an alternative concept of MCDM by taking into account best-worst method and VIKOR method. In general, the main purpose of the both methods are to obtain weights and rank alternatives with the advantages of less information required and produce a more consistent result compared to AHP method. The result shows the best alternative for PV installation, which offers the highest power and potentially developed not only for daily access to electricity but also to support economic activities such as tourism and aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":"30 1","pages":"61-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47529138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selection of a location for a solar power plant is critical due to conflicting objectives7 in energy planning. The main objective of this study is to apply a methodology based on8 an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), in order to assess potential locations of solar power9 projects in Colombia. This study takes into consideration technical-economic, social, and10 environmental-risk criteria based on data from the National Survey on Living Conditions in11 Colombia (NSLCC) and The Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Stud-12 ies (IDEAM). Eight departments were chosen representing different regions of the country,13 with differing levels of irradiation as well as distinct social and cultural living conditions. The14 methodology presented here can be used as a design tool for energy policy by utilities com-15 panies, providers, investors and academic researchers in the selection of locations for solar16 power projects. The results show the selection of alternatives using the AHP methodology.
{"title":"Methodology to Assess the Implementation of Solar Power Projects in Rural Areas Using AHP: a Case Study of Colombia","authors":"Jhon Jairo Perez Gelves, G. Flórez","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.3592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.3592","url":null,"abstract":"Selection of a location for a solar power plant is critical due to conflicting objectives7 in energy planning. The main objective of this study is to apply a methodology based on8 an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), in order to assess potential locations of solar power9 projects in Colombia. This study takes into consideration technical-economic, social, and10 environmental-risk criteria based on data from the National Survey on Living Conditions in11 Colombia (NSLCC) and The Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Stud-12 ies (IDEAM). Eight departments were chosen representing different regions of the country,13 with differing levels of irradiation as well as distinct social and cultural living conditions. The14 methodology presented here can be used as a design tool for energy policy by utilities com-15 panies, providers, investors and academic researchers in the selection of locations for solar16 power projects. The results show the selection of alternatives using the AHP methodology.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":"42 11","pages":"69-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41263473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Luca, A. Zini, Gaetano Coletta, Marianna Oteri, L. Giuffrida, G. Graditi
A methodology focused on technology evaluation is proposed to give a footprint of the development potential of energy technologies in Italy. The approach focuses on the impact on climate, the potential in terms of R&D, the competitiveness of Italian companies and their diffusion on the territory. A reference Catalogue was realised in the framework of the ‘Technical Board on Decarbonisation of the Economy’, established by the Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers. 36 datasheets, containing quantitative and qualitative information on Technology Readiness Level (TRL), efficiency, environmental and economic impacts and policy aspects were filled by 70 experts for each technology. Some data were extracted from the Catalogue - TRL, CO2 emissions, developers, and centres of excellence - and further analysed with other information relating to the Italian production and innovation system collected from the National Enterprise Registry (ASIA). Companies and research centres are involved in development of technologies based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Energy Storage (ES) with different levels of TRL and high potential for mitigating effects on climate. However, their distribution shows a rather inhomogeneous presence at territorial level. This evaluation provided useful elements to elaborate policy measures to support the diffusion of energy technologies.
{"title":"A technology evaluation method for assessing the potential contribution of energy technologies to decarbonisation of the Italian production system","authors":"E. Luca, A. Zini, Gaetano Coletta, Marianna Oteri, L. Giuffrida, G. Graditi","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.4433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.4433","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology focused on technology evaluation is proposed to give a footprint of the development potential of energy technologies in Italy. The approach focuses on the impact on climate, the potential in terms of R&D, the competitiveness of Italian companies and their diffusion on the territory. A reference Catalogue was realised in the framework of the ‘Technical Board on Decarbonisation of the Economy’, established by the Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers. 36 datasheets, containing quantitative and qualitative information on Technology Readiness Level (TRL), efficiency, environmental and economic impacts and policy aspects were filled by 70 experts for each technology. Some data were extracted from the Catalogue - TRL, CO2 emissions, developers, and centres of excellence - and further analysed with other information relating to the Italian production and innovation system collected from the National Enterprise Registry (ASIA). Companies and research centres are involved in development of technologies based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Energy Storage (ES) with different levels of TRL and high potential for mitigating effects on climate. However, their distribution shows a rather inhomogeneous presence at territorial level. This evaluation provided useful elements to elaborate policy measures to support the diffusion of energy technologies.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"41-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49377783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kienberger, A. Traupmann, Christoph Sejkora, Lukas Kriechbaum, M. Greiml, Benjamin Böckl
Two main strategies should be implemented to decarbonise the energy sector: substituting fossil fuels with renewable energies, and increasing system efficiency. Both strategies pose challenges for today's energy systems and their operators, because renewable energy is mainly decentralized, not always predictable, and introduces a degree of volatility into grids. Multi-energy systems, which incorporate multiple energy sectors, allow flexibility options to be used across energy carriers and thus further increase system flexibility. In addition, these multi-energy systems can also improve the overall energy efficiency. They enable cascaded energy use and allow for seasonal storage between different energy carriers. A comprehensive system modelling framework should consider all profound interactions between relevant system control variables. The aim of this proposed paper is to show the correlation between major aspects of grid based MES and how they can be combined in a system modelling framework.
{"title":"Modelling, designing and operation of grid-based multi-energy systems","authors":"T. Kienberger, A. Traupmann, Christoph Sejkora, Lukas Kriechbaum, M. Greiml, Benjamin Böckl","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.3598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.3598","url":null,"abstract":"Two main strategies should be implemented to decarbonise the energy sector: substituting fossil fuels with renewable energies, and increasing system efficiency. Both strategies pose challenges for today's energy systems and their operators, because renewable energy is mainly decentralized, not always predictable, and introduces a degree of volatility into grids. Multi-energy systems, which incorporate multiple energy sectors, allow flexibility options to be used across energy carriers and thus further increase system flexibility. In addition, these multi-energy systems can also improve the overall energy efficiency. They enable cascaded energy use and allow for seasonal storage between different energy carriers. A comprehensive system modelling framework should consider all profound interactions between relevant system control variables. The aim of this proposed paper is to show the correlation between major aspects of grid based MES and how they can be combined in a system modelling framework.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"7-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49541850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a comprehensive model on the expansion of non-fossil technology to evaluate the impact of increasing their share in Iran’s electricity supply system. This analytical approach is based on system dynamics (SD), with an emphasis on the expansion of non-fossil fuels in the supply side of this model. Four emerging electricity generation technologies of solar photovoltaics, wind turbines, expansion turbines, and hydro power are considered in the model, and the effect of electricity price on increasing the motivation of the owners of non-fossil fuel power plants to guarantee their 20% share is examined. The Iranian government has set a target of a 20% share of non-fossil fuel electricity generation by 2030, whose main result is reducing GHG emissions to achieve the targets pledged under the Paris Climate Accord. Therefore, we developed four scenarios with different expansions of non-fossil technologies in Iran’s electricity system to investigate the goal, though various barriers exist that must be addressed through effective policies in order to facilitate the expansion of non-fossil fuel power plants in the electricity supply system. The findings demonstrate that electricity price must be determined based on the costs of non-fossil technologies, as well as based on fossil fuel prices which are low in the current energy supply system. In conclusion, the Paris Climate Accord criteria is achieved with a 20% growth of non-fossil fuels and increasing electricity price to 920 IRR/kWh in 2030.
{"title":"Policy Framework for Iran to Attain 20% Share of Non-Fossil Fuel Power Plants in Iran’s Electricity Supply System by 2030","authors":"A. Godarzi, A. Maleki","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.5692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.5692","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive model on the expansion of non-fossil technology to evaluate the impact of increasing their share in Iran’s electricity supply system. This analytical approach is based on system dynamics (SD), with an emphasis on the expansion of non-fossil fuels in the supply side of this model. Four emerging electricity generation technologies of solar photovoltaics, wind turbines, expansion turbines, and hydro power are considered in the model, and the effect of electricity price on increasing the motivation of the owners of non-fossil fuel power plants to guarantee their 20% share is examined. The Iranian government has set a target of a 20% share of non-fossil fuel electricity generation by 2030, whose main result is reducing GHG emissions to achieve the targets pledged under the Paris Climate Accord. Therefore, we developed four scenarios with different expansions of non-fossil technologies in Iran’s electricity system to investigate the goal, though various barriers exist that must be addressed through effective policies in order to facilitate the expansion of non-fossil fuel power plants in the electricity supply system. The findings demonstrate that electricity price must be determined based on the costs of non-fossil technologies, as well as based on fossil fuel prices which are low in the current energy supply system. In conclusion, the Paris Climate Accord criteria is achieved with a 20% growth of non-fossil fuels and increasing electricity price to 920 IRR/kWh in 2030.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"91-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47713447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula F. V. Ferreira, A. Lopes, G. Dranka, J. Cunha
Ensuring the supply of affordable energy, improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are some of the priorities of the governments of several countries. The pursuit of these energy goals has triggered interest in the exploration and usage of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), which can be particularly appropriate for island systems as is the case of Cape Verde. This work proposes a generation expansion planning model for Cape Verde considering a 20 years’ period. Different scenarios were analysed, each one representing a possible RES contribution for electricity production, reaching a 100% RES share. The results demonstrate that the increase of the RES in the system will lead to an increase of the total cost of energy. However, both CO2 emissions and external energy dependency of the country significantly decrease. The seasonality of the RES resources, and in particular of wind power is shown to be one of the most important challenges for the effective uptake of such a renewable power system. While the proposed model allowed already to present some useful scenarios, it becomes also evident the need to expand the analysis, and the paper concludes with directions for future research.
{"title":"Planning for a 100% renewable energy system for the Santiago Island, Cape Verde","authors":"Paula F. V. Ferreira, A. Lopes, G. Dranka, J. Cunha","doi":"10.5278/IJSEPM.3603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5278/IJSEPM.3603","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the supply of affordable energy, improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are some of the priorities of the governments of several countries. The pursuit of these energy goals has triggered interest in the exploration and usage of Renewable Energy Sources (RES), which can be particularly appropriate for island systems as is the case of Cape Verde. This work proposes a generation expansion planning model for Cape Verde considering a 20 years’ period. Different scenarios were analysed, each one representing a possible RES contribution for electricity production, reaching a 100% RES share. The results demonstrate that the increase of the RES in the system will lead to an increase of the total cost of energy. However, both CO2 emissions and external energy dependency of the country significantly decrease. The seasonality of the RES resources, and in particular of wind power is shown to be one of the most important challenges for the effective uptake of such a renewable power system. While the proposed model allowed already to present some useful scenarios, it becomes also evident the need to expand the analysis, and the paper concludes with directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":37803,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management","volume":"29 1","pages":"25-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49625072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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