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Public Library Innovation Inside Out 公共图书馆从内到外的创新
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.967
Donghee Sinn, Sujin Kim, Sue Yeon Syn
ABSTRACT This poster presents public library innovations during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Many public libraries quickly adapted to the pandemic environment, changing and improving their operations and services to meet the new challenges and demands from their users. We collected two datasets to investigate these innovations: the first dataset comprised 751 tweets from the 12 largest public libraries in the U.S., and the second dataset included 72 articles from 3 major professional magazines. These datasets were analyzed to identify innovative services provided between 2020 and 2021. A rigorous content analysis involving multiple coders was conducted. The findings from both datasets highlight that public libraries quickly changed their service delivery modes and implemented diverse innovative services to bridge the digital divide, support health and technology literacy, and help with unemployment and career development. Libraries made efforts to reach out to their communities during lockdowns and also served as community education centers during difficult times, combating with misinformation and focusing on assisting marginalized populations. Additionally, the magazine articles introduced innovative services that pertained not only to user services but also to internal operations within public libraries.
这张海报展示了Covid - 19大流行期间公共图书馆的创新。许多公共图书馆迅速适应疫情环境,改变和改进其业务和服务,以满足用户的新挑战和新要求。我们收集了两个数据集来研究这些创新:第一个数据集包括来自美国12个最大的公共图书馆的751条推文,第二个数据集包括来自3个主要专业杂志的72篇文章。对这些数据集进行分析,以确定2020年至2021年间提供的创新服务。对多名编码员进行了严格的内容分析。这两个数据集的调查结果都强调,公共图书馆迅速改变了服务提供模式,实施了多种创新服务,以弥合数字鸿沟,支持健康和技术素养,并帮助解决失业和职业发展问题。在封锁期间,图书馆努力与社区接触,在困难时期,图书馆还作为社区教育中心,与错误信息作斗争,重点帮助边缘化人群。此外,杂志文章还介绍了创新服务,这些服务不仅适用于用户服务,也适用于公共图书馆的内部运作。
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引用次数: 0
Electronic Health Records and Cyber Hygiene: A Qualitative Study of the Awareness, Knowledge, and Experience of Physicians in Kuwait 电子健康记录和网络卫生:科威特医生的意识、知识和经验的定性研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.765
Reem Alkhaledi, Suliman Hawamdeh
ABSTRACT Threats against electronic medical and health records are on the rise. These threats include phishing attacks, malware and ransomware, encryption blind spots, cloud threats, and most important one is the internal threat caused by gaps in the level of awareness and knowledge of the employees and health practitioner of handling sensitive healthcare data. Cyber hygiene is a term used to describe both the technical and non‐technical threats. In the same way, personal hygiene practices are used to maintain one's own health and protect against diseases, cyber hygiene security practices are important in protecting and preserving sensitive electronic health information systems. In this paper, we report on the findings of a cyber hygiene study carried out in Kuwait with the objectives of assessing the level of awareness, knowledge and experience of physicians and healthcare professionals. The study identified seven different areas or barriers that impacted the cyber hygiene and the adoption of electronic health medical records in Kuwait. The seven areas include financial barriers, time, difficulty of using technology, lack of management support, negative attitude toward the use of electronic medical records, legal and ethical issues, as well as cultural barriers. Most of the physicians interviewed lacked the awareness and basic knowledge needed to practice cyber hygiene. Most physicians were not aware of regulation or standards pertaining to the use of electronic medical records.
针对电子医疗健康记录的威胁正在上升。这些威胁包括网络钓鱼攻击、恶意软件和勒索软件、加密盲点、云威胁,最重要的是内部威胁,这是由员工和医疗从业人员在处理敏感医疗数据方面的意识和知识水平存在差距造成的。网络卫生是一个用来描述技术和非技术威胁的术语。同样,个人卫生习惯用于维护自身健康和预防疾病,网络卫生安全实践对于保护和保存敏感的电子卫生信息系统也很重要。在本文中,我们报告了在科威特进行的一项网络卫生研究的结果,目的是评估医生和医疗保健专业人员的意识、知识和经验水平。该研究确定了影响科威特网络卫生和电子健康医疗记录采用的七个不同领域或障碍。这七个方面包括资金障碍、时间障碍、使用技术困难、缺乏管理支持、对使用电子病历的消极态度、法律和道德问题以及文化障碍。大多数受访医生缺乏实践网络卫生所需的意识和基本知识。大多数医生不知道有关使用电子医疗记录的规定或标准。
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引用次数: 0
Finding the Aha! Moment of Search: A Preliminary Examination of Insight Learning During Search 找到啊哈!搜索时刻:搜索过程中顿悟学习的初步考察
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.800
Xinyue Wang, Chang Liu
ABSTRACT Research in information behavior has examined search difficulties and how people learn during searches but has not fully examined how searchers solve the difficulties on their own and gain new knowledge during this process. This study introduced the concept of insight learning during search to provide a new perspective for the studies in Search as Learning (SAL) and to optimize searchers' experiences in a more efficient, innovative, and joyful way to combine search and learning. As a preliminary study, we conducted self‐reported interviews with 30 participants to collect cases of insight learning during the search process. Based on thematic analysis of the data, we summarized the benefits of insight learning during search, described the process of how aha! occurred after impasse, and identified the antecedent, key, and consequence of insight during the search process. We aimed to help generate more insights by providing three dimensions of key factors to think about. A preliminary understanding of the insights formed in this study could contribute to further discussion about learning during the search and could help design new search tools that support effective learning.
信息行为的研究考察了搜索困难和人们在搜索过程中如何学习,但并没有充分考察搜索者在搜索过程中如何自行解决困难并获得新知识。本研究在搜索过程中引入了洞察学习的概念,为搜索即学习(search as learning, SAL)的研究提供了一个新的视角,并以一种更高效、创新和快乐的方式将搜索和学习结合起来,优化搜索者的体验。作为一项初步研究,我们对30名参与者进行了自我报告访谈,以收集在搜索过程中顿悟学习的案例。在对数据进行专题分析的基础上,我们总结了搜索过程中洞察学习的好处,描述了如何啊哈!发生在僵局之后,并在搜索过程中确定洞察力的前提,关键和结果。我们的目标是通过提供三个维度的关键因素来帮助产生更多的见解。对本研究中形成的见解的初步理解有助于进一步讨论搜索过程中的学习,并有助于设计支持有效学习的新搜索工具。
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引用次数: 0
Refueling Mental Health: Digital Reading Predicts Psychological Resilience for Left‐behind Children in Rural China 为心理健康加油:数字阅读预测中国农村留守儿童的心理弹性
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.806
Liang Zhao, Zihan Zeng, Jiayi Liu, Yachen Zhang
ABSTRACT Beyond the easy and equal access to massive online contents, will digital reading bring more social welfare values for disadvantaged groups? Take left‐behind children (LBC) in rural China as example, whose mental health issue has widely aroused public concern. Lacking of sufficient parental supervision and educational resources leads to insufficient development of psychological resilience and makes them vulnerable to mental health problems. As psychological resilience is a critical protective factor for maintaining mental health, in this paper, we wonder whether digital reading could perform as an alternative way with easy accessibility and numerous resources to supplement LBC's resilience development. We conducted a field questionnaire study on LBC (N = 217) and investigated the predictive effect of digital reading on psychological resilience. After controlling sociodemographic variables and common resilience protective factors, hierarchical regression results demonstrated that digital reading predicted an additional 4.3% of the variation in resilience above the control variables, indicating digital reading a positive promoter of LBC's psychological resilience. Moreover, by systematically exploring the fine‐grained digital reading variables, we also found intrinsic motivation to read and recreational digital reading (e.g., reading comics and communicating online) to be the two most stronger predictors of psychological resilience.
除了方便、平等地获取海量在线内容之外,数字阅读是否能为弱势群体带来更多的社会福利价值?以中国农村留守儿童为例,他们的心理健康问题引起了社会的广泛关注。缺乏足够的父母监督和教育资源,导致心理弹性发展不足,容易出现心理健康问题。由于心理弹性是维持心理健康的重要保护因素,本文想知道数字阅读是否可以作为一种易于获取和资源丰富的替代方式来补充LBC的弹性发展。我们对LBC (N = 217)进行了实地问卷调查,探讨了数字阅读对心理弹性的预测作用。在控制了社会人口学变量和常见的心理弹性保护因素后,层次回归结果显示,数字阅读在控制变量的基础上预测了4.3%的心理弹性变异,表明数字阅读是LBC心理弹性的积极促进因素。此外,通过系统地探索细粒度数字阅读变量,我们还发现阅读的内在动机和娱乐性数字阅读(例如,阅读漫画和在线交流)是心理弹性的两个最强大的预测因素。
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引用次数: 0
Examining Social Media Policy and Records Management in Massachusetts Municipal Governments 考察马萨诸塞州市政府的社会媒体政策和记录管理
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.782
Adam Kriesberg
ABSTRACT This paper reports on an exploratory analysis of the social media policies of municipal governments in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. With a strong Public Records law and language clearly indicating that social media posts are government records, Massachusetts provides a framing for research into municipal policy on social media use, retention, preservation, and access. Of the 351 municipalities in the Commonwealth, just 87 have publicly accessible Social Media policies. These policies indicate that municipal governments take their responsibilities around social media records management seriously, they do not offer many specifics around how they will engage directly with posts from privately‐owned social media platforms. Implications of these findings suggest that the digital preservation community must continue to develop tools and methods to preserve social media records the support broader efforts around government transparency and accountability, as well as advocate for platforms to include features to support responsible public sector social media use.
摘要本文对马萨诸塞州市政府的社交媒体政策进行了探索性分析。凭借强有力的公共记录法和明确指出社交媒体帖子是政府记录的语言,马萨诸塞州为研究社交媒体使用、保留、保存和访问的市政政策提供了一个框架。在英联邦的351个城市中,只有87个城市有公开的社交媒体政策。这些政策表明,市政府认真对待社交媒体记录管理的责任,但他们并没有就如何直接参与私营社交媒体平台的帖子提供很多细节。这些发现表明,数字保存社区必须继续开发工具和方法来保存社交媒体记录,支持围绕政府透明度和问责制的更广泛努力,并倡导平台包括支持负责任的公共部门社交媒体使用的功能。
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引用次数: 0
How Digital Humans Help Libraries Promote Reading 数字人类如何帮助图书馆促进阅读
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.940
Shaobo Liang, Dan Wu, Xiaoyang He
ABSTRACT This study investigated how digital humans can help libraries promote reading. This study recruited 103 participants for a user experiment to explore their satisfaction with reading promotional videos using digital humans. At the same time, the effect of using digital humans in library reading promotion was analyzed from the perspective of whether users are willing to share and interact. Research has found that user satisfaction with them is not high due to digital human presence in their voice and intonation. But users are more interested in using anime digital human videos. This discovery can help libraries better carry out reading promotion and digital services.
摘要本研究探讨了数字人类如何帮助图书馆促进阅读。这项研究招募了103名参与者进行用户实验,以探索他们对使用数字人阅读宣传视频的满意度。同时,从用户是否愿意分享和互动的角度分析了数字人在图书馆阅读推广中的效果。研究发现,由于语音和语调中有数字人的存在,用户对他们的满意度并不高。但用户对使用动漫数字真人视频更感兴趣。这一发现有助于图书馆更好地开展阅读推广和数字化服务。
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引用次数: 0
Key Factors of Knowledge Base Adoption in Chinese Local Governments: Based on a Third‐Tier City 中国地方政府知识库采用的关键因素——以某三线城市为例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.1000
Jing Zhou, Li Si
ABSTRACT This research seeks to identify critical factors that have an impact on government knowledge base adoption, which is based on the local government of Yi Chang, a typical third‐tier city in China. Firstly, the knowledge base and its development in Chinese local governments are introduced. Secondly, to build the adoption model, factors from the UTAUT and TOE framework were integrated and trust to knowledge base and intention to knowledge reuse are introduced. Thirdly, a questionnaire is designed based on the model and distributed to civil servants from Yi Chang local government. Finally, the proposed model is validated, and the collected data is analyzed by PLS‐SEM. The results show the factors (effort expectancy, social influence, competitive pressure, trust to knowledge base, intention to knowledge reuse) have a positive impact on the adoption of knowledge base in Chinese local governments.
本研究以宜昌地方政府为研究对象,探讨影响政府知识库采用的关键因素。宜昌是中国典型的三线城市。首先,介绍了中国地方政府知识库及其发展情况。其次,结合UTAUT和TOE框架中的因素,引入对知识库的信任和对知识重用的意向,构建了采用模型;第三,根据模型设计问卷,并对宜昌地方政府公务员进行问卷调查。最后,对所提出的模型进行了验证,并对收集到的数据进行了PLS‐SEM分析。结果表明,努力期望、社会影响、竞争压力、对知识库的信任、知识重用意愿等因素对中国地方政府知识库的采用具有正向影响。
{"title":"Key Factors of Knowledge Base Adoption in Chinese Local Governments: Based on a <scp>Third‐Tier</scp> City","authors":"Jing Zhou, Li Si","doi":"10.1002/pra2.1000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.1000","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research seeks to identify critical factors that have an impact on government knowledge base adoption, which is based on the local government of Yi Chang, a typical third‐tier city in China. Firstly, the knowledge base and its development in Chinese local governments are introduced. Secondly, to build the adoption model, factors from the UTAUT and TOE framework were integrated and trust to knowledge base and intention to knowledge reuse are introduced. Thirdly, a questionnaire is designed based on the model and distributed to civil servants from Yi Chang local government. Finally, the proposed model is validated, and the collected data is analyzed by PLS‐SEM. The results show the factors (effort expectancy, social influence, competitive pressure, trust to knowledge base, intention to knowledge reuse) have a positive impact on the adoption of knowledge base in Chinese local governments.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Person‐Oriented Ontologies Analysis for Digital Humanities Collections from a Metadata Crosswalk Perspective 基于元数据人行横道视角的数字人文馆藏面向人的本体分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.786
Rui Liu, Dana McKay, George Buchanan
ABSTRACT Mapping between different representations of similar data is a common challenge in digital humanities (DH). In practical DH collections, the ‘person’ is an essential and centric unit and other parts could link to the ‘person’ to form the knowledge base. However, there is still no general and useful person‐oriented ontology in DH community. Many practical DH projects have developed their own ontologies by DH experts, but these ontologies are not interoperable. Therefore, it is important to explore existing biographical ontologies and develop a comprehensive person‐oriented ontology for DH. Using the metadata crosswalk method, we examined the ontologies provided for persons in three DH collections to analyze how they map onto standard ontologies such as FOAF (friend of a friend). This paper uncovers a significant and consistent gap between standard biographical ontologies and those used in practical DH collections, arriving at a set of heterogeneous problems, including different granularities of metadata. Consequently, we propose three key person‐oriented ontological types of elements, drawing on this metadata crosswalk: basic biographical elements, relational elements, and explanatory elements (such as career, connected with role and time). This metadata crosswalk provides a foundation for future matching between person‐oriented ontologies and facilitates semantic interoperability between DH collections.
相似数据的不同表示之间的映射是数字人文学科(DH)中常见的挑战。在实际的DH集合中,“人”是一个基本的中心单元,其他部分可以连接到“人”来形成知识库。然而,在DH社区中,仍然没有一个通用的、有用的面向人的本体。许多实际的卫生保健项目已经由卫生保健专家开发了自己的本体,但是这些本体不能互操作。因此,探索现有的传记本体论,并为DH开发一个全面的以人为本的本体论是很重要的。使用元数据人行横道方法,我们检查了三个DH集合中为人员提供的本体,以分析它们如何映射到标准本体,如FOAF(朋友的朋友)。本文揭示了标准传记本体与实际DH集合中使用的本体之间存在显著且一致的差距,并得出了一系列异构问题,包括不同粒度的元数据。因此,我们提出了三种关键的以人为导向的本体论类型的元素,利用这种元数据的交叉路径:基本的传记元素、关系元素和解释元素(如职业,与角色和时间相关)。这种元数据交叉通道为未来面向人的本体之间的匹配提供了基础,并促进了DH集合之间的语义互操作性。
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引用次数: 0
New Online Form of Activity Organization in Promoting Cultural Participation: Evidence from Parent–child Activities by Jiading Library 促进文化参与的网络活动组织新形式——以嘉定图书馆亲子活动为例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.982
Jingzhu Wei, Tongrui Zhang
ABSTRACT The ICT advancement and people's increasing cultural needs have stimulated China's online form of cultural activity organization. With highlights on such a new trend, this paper analyzes the impact of the newly‐invented online activity organization form on the participation ratio of parent–child cultural activities, which are vital in China's public cultural service system. Regression analysis indicates that the online activity organization form reduces the impact of limited available tickets and web browsing. It also relaxes the special time limit for public participation. Such an online form of activity organization deserves further attention considering its flexibility and convenience valued by the public.
信息通信技术的进步和人们日益增长的文化需求刺激了中国的网络文化活动组织形式。本文以这种新趋势为重点,分析了新发明的网络活动组织形式对亲子文化活动参与率的影响,亲子文化活动是中国公共文化服务体系的重要组成部分。回归分析表明,在线活动组织形式降低了有限可用门票和网页浏览的影响。同时放宽了公众参与的特殊时限。这种网络形式的活动组织值得进一步关注,因为它的灵活性和便利性受到公众的重视。
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引用次数: 0
Teenagers and Videoconference Fatigue: A Preliminary Analysis from an Affordance‐based Approach 青少年与视讯会议疲劳:基于视讯能力的初步分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pra2.830
Chei Sian Lee, Benjamin Junting Li, Qian Wu
ABSTRACT The Covid‐19 pandemic has led to the widespread use of videoconference (VC) technologies, particularly in education and this trend is projected to continue. Prolonged VC usage can lead to “videoconference fatigue” (VCF). While research on factors contributing to VCF has been conducted among university students, there is limited research on younger students (especially teenagers). To fill this gap, this study adopts an affordance‐based approach to identify VC affordances (resources and constraints) contributing to VCF in teenagers. Specifically, the objectives are to examine if (a) VC affordances (visibility, information, and availability), and (b) demographic profiles (age and gender) have effects on VCF among teenagers. A large‐scale survey was conducted and responses from 491 teenagers were analyzed using Hierarchical Regression Analysis. Results indicate that the three identified VC affordances contribute to VCF in teenagers. In addition, teenage girls and older teenagers are more prone to VCF.
2019冠状病毒病大流行导致视频会议(VC)技术的广泛使用,特别是在教育领域,这一趋势预计将持续下去。长时间使用视频会议可能导致“视频会议疲劳”(VCF)。虽然对大学生VCF的影响因素进行了研究,但对低年级学生(特别是青少年)的研究有限。为了填补这一空白,本研究采用了一种基于能力的方法来识别对青少年VCF有贡献的VC能力(资源和约束)。具体而言,目的是检查(a) VC的可视性(可见性、信息和可用性)和(b)人口统计资料(年龄和性别)是否对青少年的VCF有影响。本研究对491名青少年进行了大规模问卷调查,并采用层次回归分析方法对调查结果进行了分析。结果表明,这三种风险认知能力对青少年的风险认知有促进作用。此外,少女和年龄较大的青少年更容易发生VCF。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology
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