ABSTRACT While accessibility is a core value of the American Library Association (ALA) and represents an important factor in striving for diversity, equity, inclusion, accessibility, and social justice (DEIASJ), coverage of accessibility varies widely in programs intended to equip future LIS professionals to serve patrons with disabilities. This poster presents preliminary findings from a larger research project examining library and information science curricula at 77 North American colleges and universities. Through thematic analysis of course descriptions and syllabi, the researchers found that digital topics in accessibility are addressed more frequently than physical ones. Further, LIS curricula largely overlook the needs of disabled patrons when covering accessibility. These factors present challenges for future LIS professionals serving patrons with disabilities.
{"title":"An Instructional Binary: Analyzing How Accessibility Is Taught in <scp>Graduate‐Level</scp> Library and Information Science Programs","authors":"Evan J. Dorman, Kevin J. Mallary, Jackie Nikiema","doi":"10.1002/pra2.906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.906","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While accessibility is a core value of the American Library Association (ALA) and represents an important factor in striving for diversity, equity, inclusion, accessibility, and social justice (DEIASJ), coverage of accessibility varies widely in programs intended to equip future LIS professionals to serve patrons with disabilities. This poster presents preliminary findings from a larger research project examining library and information science curricula at 77 North American colleges and universities. Through thematic analysis of course descriptions and syllabi, the researchers found that digital topics in accessibility are addressed more frequently than physical ones. Further, LIS curricula largely overlook the needs of disabled patrons when covering accessibility. These factors present challenges for future LIS professionals serving patrons with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT With the development of technologies in big data and AI, data has become more and more central to users for various tasks in different contexts. Yet the concept of data behavior, an emerging concept that captures the actions and interactions of individuals with data in various contexts and situations is not explicitly defined and framed. Data behavior focuses on the observable actions and reactions of users when they encounter, discover, seek, use, or create data for individual or collaborative tasks, while data practice encompasses the entire spectrum of how people work with data, from creating and managing to sharing and reusing data, as well as the intentional and strategic decisions and actions involved in these processes. This panel proposes a conversation and discussion about the concepts of data practice and data behavior by drawing on literature in data practice, data curation, and information behavior. This panel aims to discuss, compare, and bridge data‐centric and user‐centric approaches to conceptualizing data behavior. It will also present some examples of data behavior research in different domains and scenarios. The panel will highlight the challenges and opportunities of data behavior research for information science and practice.
{"title":"Conceptualizing Data Behavior: Bridging Data‐centric and User‐centric Approaches","authors":"Pengyi Zhang, Kathleen Gregory, Ayoung Yoon, Carole Palmer","doi":"10.1002/pra2.878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.878","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With the development of technologies in big data and AI, data has become more and more central to users for various tasks in different contexts. Yet the concept of data behavior, an emerging concept that captures the actions and interactions of individuals with data in various contexts and situations is not explicitly defined and framed. Data behavior focuses on the observable actions and reactions of users when they encounter, discover, seek, use, or create data for individual or collaborative tasks, while data practice encompasses the entire spectrum of how people work with data, from creating and managing to sharing and reusing data, as well as the intentional and strategic decisions and actions involved in these processes. This panel proposes a conversation and discussion about the concepts of data practice and data behavior by drawing on literature in data practice, data curation, and information behavior. This panel aims to discuss, compare, and bridge data‐centric and user‐centric approaches to conceptualizing data behavior. It will also present some examples of data behavior research in different domains and scenarios. The panel will highlight the challenges and opportunities of data behavior research for information science and practice.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyunju Song, Hong Cui, Dave Vieglais, Danny Mandel, Andrea K. Thomer
ABSTRACT Large amounts of samples have been collected and stored by different institutions and collections across the world. However, even the most carefully curated collections can appear incomplete when aggregated. To solve this problem and support the increasing multidisciplinary science conducted on these samples, we propose a method to support the FAIRness of the aggregation by augmenting the metadata of source records. Using a pipeline that is a combination of rule‐based and machine learning‐based procedures, we predict the missing values of the metadata fields of 4,388,514 samples. We use these inferred fields in our user interface to improve the reusability.
{"title":"Automated Metadata Enhancement for Physical Sample Record Aggregation in the <scp>iSamples</scp> Project","authors":"Hyunju Song, Hong Cui, Dave Vieglais, Danny Mandel, Andrea K. Thomer","doi":"10.1002/pra2.968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.968","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Large amounts of samples have been collected and stored by different institutions and collections across the world. However, even the most carefully curated collections can appear incomplete when aggregated. To solve this problem and support the increasing multidisciplinary science conducted on these samples, we propose a method to support the FAIRness of the aggregation by augmenting the metadata of source records. Using a pipeline that is a combination of rule‐based and machine learning‐based procedures, we predict the missing values of the metadata fields of 4,388,514 samples. We use these inferred fields in our user interface to improve the reusability.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Dementia is a progressive and incurable disease which impacts both people who have been diagnosed with some type of neurocognitive disorder but also their family members. Since dementia care has lately started to include not only pharmacological treatment and medical care but also a person‐centred and evidence‐based (neuro)rehabilitation in the community, library and information science scholars and professionals have started to investigate how they can contribute to development of dementia‐friendly communities. The paper discusses how findings from an ongoing multi‐phase research have been translated into practice in the city of Osijek, Croatia. Information sciences scholars have collaborated with librarians, civic organizations, neurology and human rights professionals to develop diverse programs in the local community, which aim to raise the quality of life of older citizens, people with dementia and their caregivers through information sharing and raising awareness, supporting their health and wellbeing, and capacity building of librarians.
{"title":"How Information Science Research Can Contribute to the Development of <scp>Dementia‐Friendly</scp> Communities","authors":"Sanjica Faletar, Kornelija Petr Balog","doi":"10.1002/pra2.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.819","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dementia is a progressive and incurable disease which impacts both people who have been diagnosed with some type of neurocognitive disorder but also their family members. Since dementia care has lately started to include not only pharmacological treatment and medical care but also a person‐centred and evidence‐based (neuro)rehabilitation in the community, library and information science scholars and professionals have started to investigate how they can contribute to development of dementia‐friendly communities. The paper discusses how findings from an ongoing multi‐phase research have been translated into practice in the city of Osijek, Croatia. Information sciences scholars have collaborated with librarians, civic organizations, neurology and human rights professionals to develop diverse programs in the local community, which aim to raise the quality of life of older citizens, people with dementia and their caregivers through information sharing and raising awareness, supporting their health and wellbeing, and capacity building of librarians.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The present study discusses the methods and outcomes of a project conducted at the University of Brasília with the aim of providing information services to the community of the Federal District (Brazil) on COVID‐19 prevention and vaccination, as well as addressing domestic violence. Employing social marketing strategies, such as content marketing and viral marketing, the project sought to disseminate pertinent information and engage the target audience through social media platforms, primarily Instagram. The content marketing approach entailed the creation and distribution of reliable information utilizing authoritative sources and visual resources, such as illustrations, graphs, infographics, and diagrams. Simultaneously, the viral marketing strategy endeavoured to identify emerging subtopics of interest by leveraging the Google Trends tool and relevant commemorative dates. These integrated strategies yielded a remarkable 700% surge in the project's Instagram account reach alongside heightened audience engagement. The study concludes that community information services should prioritize the dissemination of contextually relevant information for various population segments, particularly those that are historically marginalized.
{"title":"Digital Information Service to Combat Violence against Women: The Comunica Mulher Project","authors":"Michelli Costa","doi":"10.1002/pra2.902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.902","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study discusses the methods and outcomes of a project conducted at the University of Brasília with the aim of providing information services to the community of the Federal District (Brazil) on COVID‐19 prevention and vaccination, as well as addressing domestic violence. Employing social marketing strategies, such as content marketing and viral marketing, the project sought to disseminate pertinent information and engage the target audience through social media platforms, primarily Instagram. The content marketing approach entailed the creation and distribution of reliable information utilizing authoritative sources and visual resources, such as illustrations, graphs, infographics, and diagrams. Simultaneously, the viral marketing strategy endeavoured to identify emerging subtopics of interest by leveraging the Google Trends tool and relevant commemorative dates. These integrated strategies yielded a remarkable 700% surge in the project's Instagram account reach alongside heightened audience engagement. The study concludes that community information services should prioritize the dissemination of contextually relevant information for various population segments, particularly those that are historically marginalized.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This study evaluates the effectiveness of various readability measures when assessing the difficulty of film materials for English Language Learners (ELLs). Library materials catering to ELLs are frequently limited to formal instruction texts and fiction materials. This study explores the feasibility of less laborious, computational text assessment methods to better understand library holdings from the perspective of ELL appropriateness. The investigation applies traditional formulaic readability measures and modern cohesion methods to film subtitle data. While text difficulty assessment with readability measures has been widely studied, there is a need to investigate which measures are most suitable for film application. In addition to evaluating existing readability measures, a more robust composite score is also presented, combining aspects of traditional readability formulas and modern cohesion methods. The experiments were conducted on real‐world datasets and tested on film data marked for difficulty by ELLs.
{"title":"Enriching Library Holdings for English Language Learners: Applying Traditional Readability Formulas and Modern Cohesion Methods to Film","authors":"Matthew Durward, Peter Organisciak","doi":"10.1002/pra2.774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.774","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study evaluates the effectiveness of various readability measures when assessing the difficulty of film materials for English Language Learners (ELLs). Library materials catering to ELLs are frequently limited to formal instruction texts and fiction materials. This study explores the feasibility of less laborious, computational text assessment methods to better understand library holdings from the perspective of ELL appropriateness. The investigation applies traditional formulaic readability measures and modern cohesion methods to film subtitle data. While text difficulty assessment with readability measures has been widely studied, there is a need to investigate which measures are most suitable for film application. In addition to evaluating existing readability measures, a more robust composite score is also presented, combining aspects of traditional readability formulas and modern cohesion methods. The experiments were conducted on real‐world datasets and tested on film data marked for difficulty by ELLs.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Despite increasing advocacy for open access (OA), the uptake of OA in some disciplines has remained low. Existing studies have linked the low uptake in OA publishing in the humanities and social sciences (HSS) to disciplinary norm, limited funding to pay for article processing charges (APCs), and researchers' preferences. However, there is a growing concern about inequity in OA scholarly communication, as it has remained inaccessible and unaffordable to many researchers. This study therefore investigated inequity in OA publishing in Canada. Using semi‐structured interviews, qualitative data was collected from 20 professors from the HSS disciplines of research‐intensive universities in Canada. Data was analyzed with NVivo software following the reflexive thematic analysis approach. Findings revealed three main causes of inequity in OA publishing among the participants. These are the cost of APCs, unequal privileges, and gender disparities. Hence, there is a need for concerted efforts by funding agencies, stakeholders, higher education institutions, and researchers to promote equity in OA scholarly communication. Some recommendations for improving equity in OA publishing are provided in this paper.
{"title":"“I Am in a Privileged Situation”: Examining the Factors Promoting Inequity in Open Access Publishing","authors":"Philips Ayeni","doi":"10.1002/pra2.809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.809","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite increasing advocacy for open access (OA), the uptake of OA in some disciplines has remained low. Existing studies have linked the low uptake in OA publishing in the humanities and social sciences (HSS) to disciplinary norm, limited funding to pay for article processing charges (APCs), and researchers' preferences. However, there is a growing concern about inequity in OA scholarly communication, as it has remained inaccessible and unaffordable to many researchers. This study therefore investigated inequity in OA publishing in Canada. Using semi‐structured interviews, qualitative data was collected from 20 professors from the HSS disciplines of research‐intensive universities in Canada. Data was analyzed with NVivo software following the reflexive thematic analysis approach. Findings revealed three main causes of inequity in OA publishing among the participants. These are the cost of APCs, unequal privileges, and gender disparities. Hence, there is a need for concerted efforts by funding agencies, stakeholders, higher education institutions, and researchers to promote equity in OA scholarly communication. Some recommendations for improving equity in OA publishing are provided in this paper.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Understanding and defining cybersecurity‐related concepts for the general public can often prove challenging due to their inherent complexity; consequently, visual imaginary emerges as an effective device for articulating and elucidating these abstract ideas. In this study, we leveraged an adapted version of the existing iSquare approach to explore people's understanding of cybersecurity. We collected 499 iSquares from a broad‐spectrum backgrounds of participants attending a prominent international cybersecurity exhibition in Taiwan. Our preliminary findings revealed that metaphors of physical security and warfare were the most frequently employed in participants' conceptualizations of cybersecurity. Participants' work roles were also observed to influence their respective attitudes and perspectives as expressed in their pictorial representations of cybersecurity.
{"title":"If Cybersecurity Was… Pizza? A Visual and Rhetorical Approach to Exploring the Concept of Cybersecurity","authors":"Yu‐Wen Huang, Wen‐Ning Chen, Yu‐Jie Lin, Pao‐Pei Huang, Hsin‐Yuan Hu, Wei Jeng","doi":"10.1002/pra2.921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.921","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding and defining cybersecurity‐related concepts for the general public can often prove challenging due to their inherent complexity; consequently, visual imaginary emerges as an effective device for articulating and elucidating these abstract ideas. In this study, we leveraged an adapted version of the existing iSquare approach to explore people's understanding of cybersecurity. We collected 499 iSquares from a broad‐spectrum backgrounds of participants attending a prominent international cybersecurity exhibition in Taiwan. Our preliminary findings revealed that metaphors of physical security and warfare were the most frequently employed in participants' conceptualizations of cybersecurity. Participants' work roles were also observed to influence their respective attitudes and perspectives as expressed in their pictorial representations of cybersecurity.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole S. Delellis, Yimin Chen, Sarah E. Cornwell, Dominique Kelly, Alex Mayhew, Sodiq Onaolapo, Victoria L. Rubin
ABSTRACT This paper presents an overview of coverage of OpenAI's ChatGPT in media outlets from November 2022–March 2023, a comparison to previous media coverage of the chatbot Tay across the same outlets, and a count of ChatGPT media articles pertaining to government legislation and regulation. The New York Times, Wired, Gizmodo, The Globe and Mail, and The Guardian were searched for coverage. Across all five outlets there is an uptick in media coverage surrounding ChatGPT, with total numbers of included articles per month being 0 in November, 39 in December, 68 in January, 104 in February, and 143 in March. Findings exemplify the trend of increased coverage of ChatGPT in media public discourse, which contrasts with previous smaller media coverage of Tay. Examination of headlines and subheadings of included articles reveals minimal coverage (5.7%) dedicated to government legislation of ChatGPT. Future research will evaluate what is being said about ChatGPT within these media outlets.
{"title":"<scp>ChatGPT</scp> Media Coverage Metrics; Initial Examination","authors":"Nicole S. Delellis, Yimin Chen, Sarah E. Cornwell, Dominique Kelly, Alex Mayhew, Sodiq Onaolapo, Victoria L. Rubin","doi":"10.1002/pra2.903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.903","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents an overview of coverage of OpenAI's ChatGPT in media outlets from November 2022–March 2023, a comparison to previous media coverage of the chatbot Tay across the same outlets, and a count of ChatGPT media articles pertaining to government legislation and regulation. The New York Times, Wired, Gizmodo, The Globe and Mail, and The Guardian were searched for coverage. Across all five outlets there is an uptick in media coverage surrounding ChatGPT, with total numbers of included articles per month being 0 in November, 39 in December, 68 in January, 104 in February, and 143 in March. Findings exemplify the trend of increased coverage of ChatGPT in media public discourse, which contrasts with previous smaller media coverage of Tay. Examination of headlines and subheadings of included articles reveals minimal coverage (5.7%) dedicated to government legislation of ChatGPT. Future research will evaluate what is being said about ChatGPT within these media outlets.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This paper proposes “information borderlands” as a framework for bounding a unique information environment that is constituted by individual and community level practices, physical landscapes (natural and human‐shaped), as well as large‐scale sociotechnical systems and systems of documentality. Taking the borderlands of the U.S. Southwest as a unique case, existing research literature is reviewed and directions forward for future research are suggested.
{"title":"Information Borderlands in the U.S. Southwest","authors":"Zack Lischer‐Katz","doi":"10.1002/pra2.943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.943","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper proposes “information borderlands” as a framework for bounding a unique information environment that is constituted by individual and community level practices, physical landscapes (natural and human‐shaped), as well as large‐scale sociotechnical systems and systems of documentality. Taking the borderlands of the U.S. Southwest as a unique case, existing research literature is reviewed and directions forward for future research are suggested.","PeriodicalId":37833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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