Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101374
Girma Yimer Ebrahim , Catalin Stefan , Jana Sallwey , Jonathan Lautze
Africa faces numerous challenges related to rainfall variability, droughts, water scarcity, and climate change. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)- groundwater recharge and underground water storage for later use or environmental support presents a viable alternative for water storage and may provide an effective tool for coping with such challenges. However, the potential area where MAR can be feasibly implemented has not been identified. This study mapped MAR feasibility using a Geographic Information System-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (GIS-MCDA) and assessed MAR potential in Africa. The methodology focused on three key pillars of MAR feasibility: intrinsic suitability based on biophysical parameters, water source availability, and water demand. Maps responding to these pillars were developed and combined to create a composite MAR feasibility map. Results show that 18% of the continental area falls into the low feasibility class, 73% into the moderate feasibility class, and 7% into the high feasibility class. The feasibility map was validated against 17 existing MAR schemes in Africa, demonstrating a good correlation between their locations and areas with MAR potential. Results of sensitivity analysis of criteria weights of the biophysical parameters show that geology is the most influential criterion, followed by slope. In general, this first feasibility assessment shows good potential for MAR implementation in Africa. Therefore, MAR should be considered prominently among other water storage options for resilience building in Africa and policymakers should ensure adequate resource allocation for its implementation. The feasibility map can be used to guide MAR planning and investment decisions.
非洲面临着与降雨多变性、干旱、缺水和气候变化有关的诸多挑战。有管理的含水层补给（MAR）--地下水补给和地下水储存以备日后使用或支持环境，是一种可行的储水替代方法，可为应对这些挑战提供有效工具。然而，目前尚未确定可可行实施 MAR 的潜在区域。本研究利用基于地理信息系统的多标准决策分析（GIS-MCDA）对 MAR 的可行性进行了测绘，并评估了 MAR 在非洲的潜力。该方法侧重于 MAR 可行性的三个关键支柱：基于生物物理参数的内在适宜性、水源可用性和水需求。针对这些支柱绘制了相应的地图，并将这些地图组合在一起，绘制了一张综合 MAR 可行性地图。结果显示，18% 的大陆地区属于低可行性等级，73% 属于中等可行性等级，7% 属于高可行性等级。根据非洲现有的 17 个 MAR 计划对可行性图进行了验证，结果表明这些计划的位置与具有 MAR 潜力的地区之间具有良好的相关性。生物物理参数标准权重的敏感性分析结果表明，地质是影响最大的标准，其次是坡度。总体而言，首次可行性评估显示非洲具有实施非洲海洋评估的良好潜力。因此，在非洲建设恢复能力的其他蓄水方案中，应重点考虑 MAR，决策者应确保为其实施分配充足的资源。可行性图可用来指导 MAR 规划和投资决策。
{"title":"Mapping the potential of managed aquifer recharge in Africa: GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis approach","authors":"Girma Yimer Ebrahim , Catalin Stefan , Jana Sallwey , Jonathan Lautze","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Africa faces numerous challenges related to rainfall variability, droughts, water scarcity, and climate change. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)- groundwater recharge and underground water storage for later use or environmental support presents a viable alternative for water storage and may provide an effective tool for coping with such challenges. However, the potential area where MAR can be feasibly implemented has not been identified. This study mapped MAR feasibility using a Geographic Information System-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (GIS-MCDA) and assessed MAR potential in Africa. The methodology focused on three key pillars of MAR feasibility: intrinsic suitability based on biophysical parameters, water source availability, and water demand. Maps responding to these pillars were developed and combined to create a composite MAR feasibility map. Results show that 18% of the continental area falls into the low feasibility class, 73% into the moderate feasibility class, and 7% into the high feasibility class. The feasibility map was validated against 17 existing MAR schemes in Africa, demonstrating a good correlation between their locations and areas with MAR potential. Results of sensitivity analysis of criteria weights of the biophysical parameters show that geology is the most influential criterion, followed by slope. In general, this first feasibility assessment shows good potential for MAR implementation in Africa. Therefore, MAR should be considered prominently among other water storage options for resilience building in Africa and policymakers should ensure adequate resource allocation for its implementation. The feasibility map can be used to guide MAR planning and investment decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101374"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101371
Adamu Usman Mohammed , Ahmad Zaharin Aris , Mohammad Firuz Ramli , Noorain Mohd Isa
Geogenic and anthropogenic activities trigger the accumulation of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic contaminants in the tropical savanna watershed. This study utilized the human health risk assessment model to identify the effects of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic toxins in the inhabitants of the Maiganga watershed Nigeria through the Monte-Carlo approach. The modified water quality index (MWQI) was employed to assess the health risks linked to drinking water quality. The overall water quality index suggests that the water is safe to drink, Thus, 81 % of the groundwater is suitable for drinking, while 7.1 % is considered poor and unsafe for drinking. NO3, F, Cr, Pb, and Ni are the key carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic contaminants prevalent in Maiganga groundwater. The non-carcinogenic risk derived from open wells ranges from 0.6402 to 23.1994 in children, 0.2673–9.4625 for females, and 0.2101–9.4569 for males. While in boreholes, it varies from 1.2151 to 31.4620 in children, whereas for females and males, it ranges from 0.3279 to 12.4679 and 0.2576–12.4228, respectively. The Monte-Carlo carcinogenic risk of the best-case scenario evaluated for the open well and borehole confirms that water samples sourced from open wells pose a relatively higher risk of cancer inducement. Therefore, the critical non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic contaminants dominating the Maiganga groundwater are NO3, F, Cr, Pb, and Ni. Children are highly susceptible to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic exposure, followed by females and males. Regulating hazardous pollutants is mandatory for providing clean and safe drinking water to rural communities.
{"title":"Toxic metals health risks assessment using the Monte-Carlo approach coupled with modified water quality index evaluation in Maiganga watersheds, Nigeria","authors":"Adamu Usman Mohammed , Ahmad Zaharin Aris , Mohammad Firuz Ramli , Noorain Mohd Isa","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geogenic and anthropogenic activities trigger the accumulation of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic contaminants in the tropical savanna watershed<em>.</em> This study utilized the human health risk assessment model to identify the effects of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic toxins in the inhabitants of the Maiganga watershed Nigeria through the Monte-Carlo approach. The modified water quality index (MWQI) was employed to assess the health risks linked to drinking water quality. The overall water quality index suggests that the water is safe to drink, Thus, 81 % of the groundwater is suitable for drinking, while 7.1 % is considered poor and unsafe for drinking. NO<sub>3</sub>, F, Cr, Pb, and Ni are the key carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic contaminants prevalent in Maiganga groundwater. The non-carcinogenic risk derived from open wells ranges from 0.6402 to 23.1994 in children, 0.2673–9.4625 for females, and 0.2101–9.4569 for males. While in boreholes, it varies from 1.2151 to 31.4620 in children, whereas for females and males, it ranges from 0.3279 to 12.4679 and 0.2576–12.4228, respectively. The Monte-Carlo carcinogenic risk of the best-case scenario evaluated for the open well and borehole confirms that water samples sourced from open wells pose a relatively higher risk of cancer inducement. Therefore, the critical non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic contaminants dominating the Maiganga groundwater are NO<sub>3</sub>, F, Cr, Pb, and Ni. Children are highly susceptible to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic exposure, followed by females and males. Regulating hazardous pollutants is mandatory for providing clean and safe drinking water to rural communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101371"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101377
Pousali Pathak , Ruben Olivares , Thomas S. Varner , Harshad V. Kulkarni , Guadalupe Carmona , Cynthia Lima , Steven Hollan , Saugata Datta
The groundwater resources in transboundary aquifers are crucial to the development of involved nations. A unified governance strategy based on scientific data is essential for the management of transboundary aquifers. This study presents a comprehensive geochemical analysis of the groundwater quality of private wells along the US-Mexico border in Texas across three transboundary aquifer types. The concentrations of dissolved major ions, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) were measured, and the dissolved organic matter was spectroscopically characterized to evaluate the prevailing water-rock interactions, biogeochemical reactions, and anthropogenic contamination in the groundwater and their susceptibility to future contamination. Groundwater samples were collected from private wells (n = 22) from four representative counties within a section of the Texas-Mexico border (Maverick, Kinney, Dimmit, and Webb Counties). Three distinct aquifer types were revealed from the major ion composition, e.g., a carbonate aquifer within Kinney County (a part of Edwards-Trinity aquifer), an alluvial aquifer with prevailing reducing conditions within Dimmit and Webb Counties (a part of Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer), and an evaporite-rich aquifer within Maverick County. The concentrations of trace elements in the groundwater of each aquifer type were below the MCL of USEPA, however, excessive Sr concentrations were evident mostly in the evaporite-rich aquifer. Our results indicate dissolution of evaporites, and possible anthropogenic contamination may be responsible for the degradation of groundwater quality in Maverick County, raising concern for the viability of the aquifer in the future.
{"title":"Hydrogeochemical assessment of groundwater in transboundary aquifers along the US-Mexico border and drinking water quality implications for Texas colonias","authors":"Pousali Pathak , Ruben Olivares , Thomas S. Varner , Harshad V. Kulkarni , Guadalupe Carmona , Cynthia Lima , Steven Hollan , Saugata Datta","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The groundwater resources in transboundary aquifers are crucial to the development of involved nations. A unified governance strategy based on scientific data is essential for the management of transboundary aquifers. This study presents a comprehensive geochemical analysis of the groundwater quality of private wells along the US-Mexico border in Texas across three transboundary aquifer types. The concentrations of dissolved major ions, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) were measured, and the dissolved organic matter was spectroscopically characterized to evaluate the prevailing water-rock interactions, biogeochemical reactions, and anthropogenic contamination in the groundwater and their susceptibility to future contamination. Groundwater samples were collected from private wells (n = 22) from four representative counties within a section of the Texas-Mexico border (Maverick, Kinney, Dimmit, and Webb Counties). Three distinct aquifer types were revealed from the major ion composition, e.g., a carbonate aquifer within Kinney County (a part of Edwards-Trinity aquifer), an alluvial aquifer with prevailing reducing conditions within Dimmit and Webb Counties (a part of Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer), and an evaporite-rich aquifer within Maverick County. The concentrations of trace elements in the groundwater of each aquifer type were below the MCL of USEPA, however, excessive Sr concentrations were evident mostly in the evaporite-rich aquifer. Our results indicate dissolution of evaporites, and possible anthropogenic contamination may be responsible for the degradation of groundwater quality in Maverick County, raising concern for the viability of the aquifer in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101366
Jayabrabu Ramakrishnan , Rajan John , Dinesh Mavaluru , Ravula Sahithya Ravali , Karthik Srinivasan
Groundwater (GW) availability is at risk due to over-extraction, pollution, and climate change, despite their vital role in satisfying the world's freshwater needs. Decisions made using outdated, under-data-driven models for groundwater management are not always the best option. Traditional approaches often fail to tackle groundwater systems' intricacies and ever-changing nature, even if groundwater management has come a long way. Groundwater over-extraction, pollution, and depletion are consequences of ineffective monitoring, prediction, and management, which endangers environmental sustainability and water security.
The rising problems of Sustainable Groundwater Management (SGM) and development in the context of global freshwater demand and climate change were addressed in this study. A revolutionary technique for predicting models and the Water Quality Assessment (WQA) by employing the potential of Deep Learning (DL), a type of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Then, the limitations faced by the existing Groundwater Management methods (GM) in predicting the Variations in the GW levels were identified, and it also predicted the quick detection of the WQ (Water Quality) deterioration. The application of DL algorithms offers precise prediction and early detection, and this study also aims to fill the gaps by executing DL on past and present data. By addressing the drawbacks of these traditional methods, Pattern Recognition (PR) and analysis in the DL can revolutionize these procedures. For predicting the modelling of GW levels, the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), and particularly Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks are employed in this study.
For WQA, Deep CNN (DCNN) are employed. The hidden patterns are revealed within the large datasets by applying Deep Transformer Analysis (DTA), which supports specific management approaches. The outcomes demonstrated the revolutionary impact of DL techniques. The LSTM networks facilitated the precise predictions for GW variations and Proactive Resource management. CNN accurately determined the GQA, detecting indicators like PH and level of pollutants early. The DTA contributed to classifying the GW quality levels effectively and optimizing the management techniques. The precise predictive models for GW level variations and accurate WQA parameters were presented in this study by applying these advanced techniques to historical and real-time data. The proactive resource management, early detection capabilities, and sustainability of GW resources facilitate the transformative potential of DL and the outcomes obtained. The enhanced accuracy rate of 97.2%, F1 score rate of 96.2%, MAE (Mean Absolute Error) rate of 0.8%, RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of 1.1%, loss rate of 0.04% were attained by the suggested CNN-DTA model when compared to other current techniques.
{"title":"Transforming groundwater sustainability, management and development through deep learning","authors":"Jayabrabu Ramakrishnan , Rajan John , Dinesh Mavaluru , Ravula Sahithya Ravali , Karthik Srinivasan","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater (GW) availability is at risk due to over-extraction, pollution, and climate change, despite their vital role in satisfying the world's freshwater needs. Decisions made using outdated, under-data-driven models for groundwater management are not always the best option. Traditional approaches often fail to tackle groundwater systems' intricacies and ever-changing nature, even if groundwater management has come a long way. Groundwater over-extraction, pollution, and depletion are consequences of ineffective monitoring, prediction, and management, which endangers environmental sustainability and water security.</div><div>The rising problems of Sustainable Groundwater Management (SGM) and development in the context of global freshwater demand and climate change were addressed in this study. A revolutionary technique for predicting models and the Water Quality Assessment (WQA) by employing the potential of Deep Learning (DL), a type of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Then, the limitations faced by the existing Groundwater Management methods (GM) in predicting the Variations in the GW levels were identified, and it also predicted the quick detection of the WQ (Water Quality) deterioration. The application of DL algorithms offers precise prediction and early detection, and this study also aims to fill the gaps by executing DL on past and present data. By addressing the drawbacks of these traditional methods, Pattern Recognition (PR) and analysis in the DL can revolutionize these procedures. For predicting the modelling of GW levels, the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), and particularly Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks are employed in this study.</div><div>For WQA, Deep CNN (DCNN) are employed. The hidden patterns are revealed within the large datasets by applying Deep Transformer Analysis (DTA), which supports specific management approaches. The outcomes demonstrated the revolutionary impact of DL techniques. The LSTM networks facilitated the precise predictions for GW variations and Proactive Resource management. CNN accurately determined the GQA, detecting indicators like PH and level of pollutants early. The DTA contributed to classifying the GW quality levels effectively and optimizing the management techniques. The precise predictive models for GW level variations and accurate WQA parameters were presented in this study by applying these advanced techniques to historical and real-time data. The proactive resource management, early detection capabilities, and sustainability of GW resources facilitate the transformative potential of DL and the outcomes obtained. The enhanced accuracy rate of 97.2%, F1 score rate of 96.2%, MAE (Mean Absolute Error) rate of 0.8%, RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of 1.1%, loss rate of 0.04% were attained by the suggested CNN-DTA model when compared to other current techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Vietnam's Mekong Delta (VMD) is known to be sinking below the sea due to climate change induced seawater level rise on one hand and land subsidence on the other hand. This phenomenon has deleterious ramifications for sustainable socio-economic advancement, manifesting in infrastructure degradation, recurrent inundation, intrusion of saline water, and reduction of habitable and cultivable areas within the region. Notably, in locales such as the Southern Hau River Region (SHRR), land subsidence rates as high as −10 cm/year have been documented, primarily associated with excessive groundwater extraction. Previous investigations have corroborated this relationship through the congruence between groundwater drawdown cones and areas of subsidence detected via InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) or through coupled Terzaghi consolidation theory-groundwater flow numerical modeling. This study extends the understanding of subsidence drivers in the SHRR beyond the groundwater level declining, encompassing tectonic activity, geological - lithological features, and landuse. Utilizing geostatistical analyses based on individual InSAR monitoring points, the study evaluates the respective contributions of these factors to land subsidence in the SHRR. Findings indicate that auto-compaction of young sediments, structural loading, and sediment compaction due to induced groundwater level decline are the principal factors precipitating land subsidence in the SHRR.
众所周知，越南湄公河三角洲（VMD）正在向海平面下沉，一方面是由于气候变化导致海水水位上升，另一方面是由于土地沉降。这一现象对社会经济的可持续发展产生了有害影响，表现为基础设施退化、经常性淹没、盐水入侵以及该地区可居住和可耕种面积减少。值得注意的是，在南口河地区（South Hau River Region，SHR）等地，记录的土地下沉率高达-10 厘米/年，这主要与过度抽取地下水有关。之前的研究通过 InSAR（干涉合成孔径雷达）或特尔扎吉固结理论-地下水流数值模型耦合检测到的地下水缩减锥与沉降区域之间的一致性证实了这种关系。这项研究将人们对下沉驱动因素的理解扩展到了地下水位下降之外，包括构造活动、地质-岩性特征和土地利用。该研究利用基于单个 InSAR 监测点的地质统计分析，评估了这些因素各自对下沉径流区土地沉降的影响。研究结果表明，年轻沉积物的自动压实、结构荷载以及诱发地下水位下降导致的沉积物压实是造成下拉河谷土地沉降的主要因素。
{"title":"Factors controlling land subsidence in the Southern Hau River Region, Vietnam","authors":"Quoc-Cuong Tran , Thanh-Tam Vu , Okke Batelaan , Quy-Nhan Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Vietnam's Mekong Delta (VMD) is known to be sinking below the sea due to climate change induced seawater level rise on one hand and land subsidence on the other hand. This phenomenon has deleterious ramifications for sustainable socio-economic advancement, manifesting in infrastructure degradation, recurrent inundation, intrusion of saline water, and reduction of habitable and cultivable areas within the region. Notably, in locales such as the Southern Hau River Region (SHRR), land subsidence rates as high as −10 cm/year have been documented, primarily associated with excessive groundwater extraction. Previous investigations have corroborated this relationship through the congruence between groundwater drawdown cones and areas of subsidence detected via InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) or through coupled Terzaghi consolidation theory-groundwater flow numerical modeling. This study extends the understanding of subsidence drivers in the SHRR beyond the groundwater level declining, encompassing tectonic activity, geological - lithological features, and landuse. Utilizing geostatistical analyses based on individual InSAR monitoring points, the study evaluates the respective contributions of these factors to land subsidence in the SHRR. Findings indicate that auto-compaction of young sediments, structural loading, and sediment compaction due to induced groundwater level decline are the principal factors precipitating land subsidence in the SHRR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) from mining activities poses significant challenges to humanity due to its intense pollution and difficult management. Despite the hostile conditions presented by AMD, a plethora of microorganisms thrive in this environment. In this study, we employ metagenomic techniques and microbial diversity analysis to systematically categorize microorganisms. Specifically, we identify Sulfur-iron metabolizing microorganisms associated with AMD, encompassing 6 phyla and 1149 genera. Functional predictions and pathogenicity analyses are conducted on this microbial community. Furthermore, we specifically emphasize the study of acid-producing microorganisms. This research marks the first discussion on the scope and structure of acid-producing microorganisms., comprising 1 phylum, 39 genera, and 1393 species. Our research outcomes comprehensively depict the microbial diversity in AMD, unveiling their influence on the physicochemical properties of AMD pollution. This study contributes valuable insights to addressing environmental challenges arising from AMD and aids in its remediation.
{"title":"Characteristics of iron-sulfur metabolism and acid-producing microorganisms in groundwater contaminated by acid mine drainage in closed coal mines","authors":"Yanchang Huang , Ping Lu , Feng Zhang , Hao Chen , Wenliang Zhang , Linlin Lin , Hepeng Xu , Haoran Ding , Tianhang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) from mining activities poses significant challenges to humanity due to its intense pollution and difficult management. Despite the hostile conditions presented by AMD, a plethora of microorganisms thrive in this environment. In this study, we employ metagenomic techniques and microbial diversity analysis to systematically categorize microorganisms. Specifically, we identify Sulfur-iron metabolizing microorganisms associated with AMD, encompassing 6 phyla and 1149 genera. Functional predictions and pathogenicity analyses are conducted on this microbial community. Furthermore, we specifically emphasize the study of acid-producing microorganisms. This research marks the first discussion on the scope and structure of acid-producing microorganisms., comprising 1 phylum, 39 genera, and 1393 species. Our research outcomes comprehensively depict the microbial diversity in AMD, unveiling their influence on the physicochemical properties of AMD pollution. This study contributes valuable insights to addressing environmental challenges arising from AMD and aids in its remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101385
Naizheng Xu , Lin Liu , Liang Li , Jie Li , Kaie Zhou , Hesheng Wang , Jianshi Gong , Chunfang Zhu , Xi Qin
Groundwater arsenic (As) contamination represents a noteworthy occurrence within coastal aquifers. This work employs an approach of chemical analysis and geochemical modelling to study the occurrence and enrichment mechanism of As-rich groundwater within coastal aquifers in East China. Recent hydrogeological survey demonstrates that the As contaminated samples are clustered in Rudong Bay and As contamination occurs within both reducing and oxidizing coastal aquifers. The Piper, Gibbs, and Rock-Weathering diagrams signify shallow and deep groundwater are Na–HCO3 and mixed Na·Ca·Mg–HCO3 facies respectively, and the hydrochemistry of contaminated groundwater is governed by weathering and dissolution. Moreover, high salinity in shallow groundwater can be associated with seawater intrusion. The PHREEQC modeling predicts that As (V) (HAsO42−) is the dominant As speciation in shallow groundwater, while As (Ⅲ) (H3AsO3) is the counterpart in deep groundwater. Statistical analysis of chemicals and modeling calculations suggest that alkaline desorption is responsible for As enrichment in shallow groundwater, while reductive dissolution is the primary processes governing As enrichment in deep groundwater. Redox and pH vibrations play an important role in generating the differences of As enrichment mechanism between shallow and deep aquifers in the coastal plain. The findings of this study may enhance understanding the occurrence and enrichment mechanism about As-rich groundwater within coastal area aquifers.
在沿海含水层中，地下水砷（As）污染是一个值得注意的现象。本研究采用化学分析和地球化学模拟的方法，研究了华东地区沿海含水层中富砷地下水的发生和富集机理。最近的水文地质调查表明，砷污染样品主要集中在如东湾，砷污染同时发生在还原性和氧化性沿海含水层中。根据 Piper 图、Gibbs 图和岩石风化图，浅层地下水和深层地下水分别为 Na-HCO3 层和 Na-Ca-Mg-HCO3 混合层，受污染地下水的水化学性质受风化和溶解作用的影响。此外，浅层地下水的高盐度可能与海水入侵有关。根据 PHREEQC 模型预测，浅层地下水中 As (V) (HAsO42-) 是主要的 As 分 子，而深层地下水中的 As (Ⅲ) (H3AsO3) 则与之相对应。化学物质统计分析和模型计算表明，碱性解吸是浅层地下水中砷富集的原因，而还原溶解是深层地下水中砷富集的主要过程。氧化还原和 pH 值振动在造成沿海平原浅层和深层含水层砷富集机制差异方面发挥了重要作用。该研究结果可加深对沿海地区含水层中富砷地下水的发生和富集机理的认识。
{"title":"Occurrence and enrichment mechanism of arsenic-rich groundwater from eastern coastal China","authors":"Naizheng Xu , Lin Liu , Liang Li , Jie Li , Kaie Zhou , Hesheng Wang , Jianshi Gong , Chunfang Zhu , Xi Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater arsenic (As) contamination represents a noteworthy occurrence within coastal aquifers. This work employs an approach of chemical analysis and geochemical modelling to study the occurrence and enrichment mechanism of As-rich groundwater within coastal aquifers in East China. Recent hydrogeological survey demonstrates that the As contaminated samples are clustered in Rudong Bay and As contamination occurs within both reducing and oxidizing coastal aquifers. The Piper, Gibbs, and Rock-Weathering diagrams signify shallow and deep groundwater are Na–HCO<sub>3</sub> and mixed Na·Ca·Mg–HCO<sub>3</sub> facies respectively, and the hydrochemistry of contaminated groundwater is governed by weathering and dissolution. Moreover, high salinity in shallow groundwater can be associated with seawater intrusion. The PHREEQC modeling predicts that As (V) (HAsO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) is the dominant As speciation in shallow groundwater, while As (Ⅲ) (H<sub>3</sub>AsO<sub>3</sub>) is the counterpart in deep groundwater. Statistical analysis of chemicals and modeling calculations suggest that alkaline desorption is responsible for As enrichment in shallow groundwater, while reductive dissolution is the primary processes governing As enrichment in deep groundwater. Redox and pH vibrations play an important role in generating the differences of As enrichment mechanism between shallow and deep aquifers in the coastal plain. The findings of this study may enhance understanding the occurrence and enrichment mechanism about As-rich groundwater within coastal area aquifers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101364
Wasiu Olanrewaju Raji , Taiye Emmanuel Asaoye
Ensuring all-year-round groundwater availability in the basement complex regions of sub-Sahara Africa requires careful combinations of strategies for exploration, development, and management of groundwater resources. The productivity of the basement aquifer of sub-Sahara Africa, SSA, was evaluated in terms of the volume of water produced per unit time, the aquifer transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, specific capacity, and the thickness of the water-bearing zones using a suit of data from borehole pumping experiments, geophysical surveys, and lithologic logs from Opaque Field in sub-Sahara Africa. Findings from the study have been used to classify the basement complex aquifers of sub-Sahara Africa into three categories: marginally productive, low productive, and moderately productive. Weathered and fractured zones were found to be bright spots for groundwater storage, and aquifer productivity correlates with topography and the thickness of the weather zones. Most of the boreholes located on the low topographic heights were found to have the highest groundwater discharge, transmissivity, and hydraulic conductivity. Further, the study showed that the popular models used for estimating aquifer properties are unsuitable for basement complex aquifers. The results of the models are exaggerated when compared to the pumping test results. Cases of dry holes or poorly performing wells in the basement complex terrain may be attributed to the exaggeration. Consequently, two new and novel quantitative models were proposed and tested for evaluating the productivity parameters of basement aquifers of SSA for optimal selection of sites for groundwater development. The aquifer productivity maps computed with the new quantitative models show striking similarities to those computed from the pumping tests results and confirmed the appropriateness of the new quantitative models. The appropriate pumping device, pump operation time, and installation depth were recommended for the boreholes producing groundwater from the three categories of aquifers identified in this study.
{"title":"Evaluating the productivity of basement rock aquifers for sustainable groundwater development in sub-Sahara Africa using borehole pumping experiments and geophysical data","authors":"Wasiu Olanrewaju Raji , Taiye Emmanuel Asaoye","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring all-year-round groundwater availability in the basement complex regions of sub-Sahara Africa requires careful combinations of strategies for exploration, development, and management of groundwater resources. The productivity of the basement aquifer of sub-Sahara Africa, SSA, was evaluated in terms of the volume of water produced per unit time, the aquifer transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, specific capacity, and the thickness of the water-bearing zones using a suit of data from borehole pumping experiments, geophysical surveys, and lithologic logs from Opaque Field in sub-Sahara Africa. Findings from the study have been used to classify the basement complex aquifers of sub-Sahara Africa into three categories: marginally productive, low productive, and moderately productive. Weathered and fractured zones were found to be bright spots for groundwater storage, and aquifer productivity correlates with topography and the thickness of the weather zones. Most of the boreholes located on the low topographic heights were found to have the highest groundwater discharge, transmissivity, and hydraulic conductivity. Further, the study showed that the popular models used for estimating aquifer properties are unsuitable for basement complex aquifers. The results of the models are exaggerated when compared to the pumping test results. Cases of dry holes or poorly performing wells in the basement complex terrain may be attributed to the exaggeration. Consequently, two new and novel quantitative models were proposed and tested for evaluating the productivity parameters of basement aquifers of SSA for optimal selection of sites for groundwater development. The aquifer productivity maps computed with the new quantitative models show striking similarities to those computed from the pumping tests results and confirmed the appropriateness of the new quantitative models. The appropriate pumping device, pump operation time, and installation depth were recommended for the boreholes producing groundwater from the three categories of aquifers identified in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101363
Akriti Singh, Vijaykumar Bejagam, Ashutosh Sharma
Terrestrial ecosystems (TEs) play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and climate regulation. While interactions between surface water and ecosystems are well-studied, groundwater-ecosystem relationships remain poorly understood, particularly in groundwater-dependent regions like India. This study investigates the relationship between water table depth (WTD) and ecosystem productivity across India, considering the variation in irrigation practices, land use and climate types, from 2000 to 2021. We employ Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency (WUEe), the rate of carbon uptake per unit of water consumed, to examine these interactions at different spatial scales. Our findings reveal a strong link between WUEe and WTD. Shallower WTD regions, such as the lower Himalayas and Northeast India with forests and dominated by a wet/humid subtropical climate, exhibit higher WUEe (1.5–3.5 g C/kg H2O). Whereas deeper WTD regions like northwest India, characterized by shrublands and an arid climate, display lower WUEe (<1 g C/kg H2O). This suggests vegetation in arid/semi-arid regions shows higher sensitivity to water availability compared to wetter areas. This is also evident by a declining WUEe trend and increasing elasticity of WUEe () to interannual climatic variability with increasing WTD in these regions. Furthermore, the study identifies potential unsustainable groundwater use for irrigation in areas like the Trans Gangetic plains. Irrigation has a strong correlation with evapotranspiration (ET) (r = 0.4–0.6) in deep WTD zones, but no correlation with WUEe. This implies that intense and unsustainable irrigation might disrupt the natural water use strategies of vegetation. This research, by improving understanding of these interactions, aims to contribute to the sustainable management of India's groundwater resources.
陆地生态系统（TE）在碳封存和气候调节方面发挥着至关重要的作用。虽然地表水与生态系统之间的相互作用已得到深入研究，但人们对地下水与生态系统之间的关系仍然知之甚少，尤其是在印度等依赖地下水的地区。本研究调查了 2000 年至 2021 年印度各地地下水位深度（WTD）与生态系统生产力之间的关系，同时考虑了灌溉方式、土地利用和气候类型的变化。我们采用生态系统水利用效率（WUEe），即单位耗水量的碳吸收率，来研究不同空间尺度上的相互作用。我们的研究结果表明，WUEe 与 WTD 之间存在密切联系。WTD较浅的地区，如喜马拉雅山下和印度东北部的森林地区，以湿润/潮湿的亚热带气候为主，WUEe较高（1.5-3.5 g C/kg H2O）。而印度西北部等WTD较深的地区，以灌木林地和干旱气候为特征，WUEe较低（1 g C/kg H2O）。这表明，与湿润地区相比，干旱/半干旱地区的植被对水分供应的敏感性更高。干旱/半干旱地区的植被对水分供应的敏感性更高，这一点还表现在干旱/半干旱地区的水分利用效率呈下降趋势，而且随着 WTD 的增加，水分利用效率对年际气候变异的弹性（εWUEe）也在增加。此外，该研究还发现了外恒河平原等地区潜在的不可持续的地下水灌溉用途。在深WTD地区，灌溉与蒸散量（ET）有很强的相关性（r = 0.4-0.6），但与WUEe没有相关性。这意味着高强度和不可持续的灌溉可能会破坏植被的自然用水策略。这项研究旨在通过加深对这些相互作用的理解，促进印度地下水资源的可持续管理。
{"title":"Investigating the role of groundwater in ecosystem water use efficiency in India considering irrigation, climate and land use","authors":"Akriti Singh, Vijaykumar Bejagam, Ashutosh Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrestrial ecosystems (TEs) play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and climate regulation. While interactions between surface water and ecosystems are well-studied, groundwater-ecosystem relationships remain poorly understood, particularly in groundwater-dependent regions like India. This study investigates the relationship between water table depth (WTD) and ecosystem productivity across India, considering the variation in irrigation practices, land use and climate types, from 2000 to 2021. We employ Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency (WUE<sub>e</sub>), the rate of carbon uptake per unit of water consumed, to examine these interactions at different spatial scales. Our findings reveal a strong link between WUE<sub>e</sub> and WTD. Shallower WTD regions, such as the lower Himalayas and Northeast India with forests and dominated by a wet/humid subtropical climate, exhibit higher WUE<sub>e</sub> (1.5–3.5 g C/kg H<sub>2</sub>O). Whereas deeper WTD regions like northwest India, characterized by shrublands and an arid climate, display lower WUE<sub>e</sub> (<1 g C/kg H<sub>2</sub>O). This suggests vegetation in arid/semi-arid regions shows higher sensitivity to water availability compared to wetter areas. This is also evident by a declining WUE<sub>e</sub> trend and increasing elasticity of WUE<sub>e</sub> (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ε</mi><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>U</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) to interannual climatic variability with increasing WTD in these regions. Furthermore, the study identifies potential unsustainable groundwater use for irrigation in areas like the Trans Gangetic plains. Irrigation has a strong correlation with evapotranspiration (ET) (r = 0.4–0.6) in deep WTD zones, but no correlation with WUE<sub>e</sub>. This implies that intense and unsustainable irrigation might disrupt the natural water use strategies of vegetation. This research, by improving understanding of these interactions, aims to contribute to the sustainable management of India's groundwater resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101376
A. Saravanan , Y.P. Ragini , S. Karishma , R. Kamalesh , A.S. Vickram
The widespread use of dyes has resulted in a concerning rise in the discharge of hazardous substances into the environment. The allergenic and carcinogenic properties of dyes pose significant risks to both human health and the environment. Various approaches are being used to address the mounting ecological issues associated with dye pollution. The process of degradation is tedious due to the persistent, recalcitrant, and non-degradable nature of dyes. Biocatalytic degradation represents a promising approach in addressing the environmental impacts caused by synthetic dyes. Biocatalytic techniques use enzymes and microorganisms to break down complex dye compounds. Certain processes, such as redox reactions aided by laccases, azo-reductases, and peroxidases, are involved in the degradation process. The performance and applicability of several bioreactor designs, including batch, continuous, and bed bioreactors, for dye degradation is reviewed. The effectiveness of the bio-catalytic degradation process has been addressed in relation to enhancement techniques including immobilization and genetic modification. The incorporation of cutting-edge technology holds considerable potential for the sustainable treatment of wastewater tainted with dyes, despite obstacles related to the economy and ecology.
{"title":"Review on the mechanisms and emerging prospects of biocatalytic dye degradation: Reactor systems and optimization strategies","authors":"A. Saravanan , Y.P. Ragini , S. Karishma , R. Kamalesh , A.S. Vickram","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of dyes has resulted in a concerning rise in the discharge of hazardous substances into the environment. The allergenic and carcinogenic properties of dyes pose significant risks to both human health and the environment. Various approaches are being used to address the mounting ecological issues associated with dye pollution. The process of degradation is tedious due to the persistent, recalcitrant, and non-degradable nature of dyes. Biocatalytic degradation represents a promising approach in addressing the environmental impacts caused by synthetic dyes. Biocatalytic techniques use enzymes and microorganisms to break down complex dye compounds. Certain processes, such as redox reactions aided by laccases, azo-reductases, and peroxidases, are involved in the degradation process. The performance and applicability of several bioreactor designs, including batch, continuous, and bed bioreactors, for dye degradation is reviewed. The effectiveness of the bio-catalytic degradation process has been addressed in relation to enhancement techniques including immobilization and genetic modification. The incorporation of cutting-edge technology holds considerable potential for the sustainable treatment of wastewater tainted with dyes, despite obstacles related to the economy and ecology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101376"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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