Groundwater for Sustainable Development最新文献_第6页

Treatment of fluoride-contaminated water using hydrous Mn and Zr oxide doped hybrid anion exchange resin (HAIX/Mn-Zr) 含水Mn、Zr氧化物掺杂杂化阴离子交换树脂（HAIX/Mn-Zr）处理含氟污水

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101534

Jay Sharma, Vikrant Ranyal, Sudipta Sarkar

Fluoride contamination of groundwater is a persistent problem in the Indian Peninsula and also in many parts of the world. Zirconium oxide-impregnated polymers have demonstrated promising fluoride removal capacity; however, their restricted operating range of pH and interference from co-existing anions invariably limit the feasibility of field application. To obviate the problem, a strong-base polymeric anion exchanger (INDION 830S) was modified with the impregnation of dual metal (Zr and Mn) hydroxide nanoparticles. The synthesized resin (HAIX/Mn-Zr) demonstrated preferential fluoride capture in the presence of competing anions in the pH range of 4.5–5, with the point of zero charge measured at pH around 5.1 and a good removal efficiency of 80.7 % up to pH 6.0. Adsorption of fluoride by HAIX/Mn-Zr followed the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The maximum fluoride adsorption capacity was 28.1, 29.7, and 31.5 mg/g at 20, 30, and 40 °C temperatures, respectively. The adsorption process was endothermic, exhibiting an activation energy of 12.61 kJ/mol, a negative Gibbs free energy, and a positive enthalpy change. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated chemisorption of fluoride onto HAIX/Mn-Zr, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed its amorphous structure. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) revealed a visible morphology change after the loading of Mn (2.2 wt%) and Zr (21.8 wt%). The column study demonstrated that around 2000 bed volumes of contaminated water were treated before the breakthrough of 1.5 mg/L of fluoride. Overall, the HAIX/Mn-Zr is a low-cost sorbent with a facile synthesis and regeneration procedure, reusability up to five cycles, and high fluoride removal efficiency, indicating its high potential for the defluoridation of contaminated groundwater.

地下水的氟化物污染是印度半岛和世界许多地区的一个长期问题。氧化锆浸渍聚合物具有良好的除氟能力；然而，它们有限的工作pH范围和共存阴离子的干扰总是限制了现场应用的可行性。为了解决这一问题，采用双金属（Zr和Mn）氢氧化物纳米颗粒浸渍改性了一种强碱聚合物阴离子交换剂（INDION 830S）。合成的树脂（HAIX/Mn-Zr）在pH为4.5 ~ 5的竞争阴离子存在下表现出优先的氟捕获，在pH为5.1左右时测得零电荷点，在pH为6.0时具有良好的去除效率，达到80.7%。HAIX/Mn-Zr对氟的吸附符合Freundlich等温模型和准二级动力学。在20°C、30°C和40°C温度下，氟的最大吸附量分别为28.1、29.7和31.5 mg/g。吸附过程为吸热吸附，活化能为12.61 kJ/mol，吉布斯自由能为负，焓变为正。傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析表明氟化物在HAIX/Mn-Zr上有化学吸附，x射线衍射（XRD）证实了其无定形结构。扫描电子显微镜和能量色散x射线能谱（SEM/EDS）显示，Mn （2.2 wt%）和Zr （21.8 wt%）加载后，材料的形貌发生了明显的变化。柱式研究表明，在氟化物突破1.5 mg/L之前，处理了约2000床体积的污染水。总体而言，HAIX/Mn-Zr是一种低成本的吸附剂，其合成和再生程序简单，可重复使用多达五个循环，除氟效率高，表明其在受污染地下水除氟方面具有很大的潜力。

{"title":"Treatment of fluoride-contaminated water using hydrous Mn and Zr oxide doped hybrid anion exchange resin (HAIX/Mn-Zr)","authors":"Jay Sharma, Vikrant Ranyal, Sudipta Sarkar","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluoride contamination of groundwater is a persistent problem in the Indian Peninsula and also in many parts of the world. Zirconium oxide-impregnated polymers have demonstrated promising fluoride removal capacity; however, their restricted operating range of pH and interference from co-existing anions invariably limit the feasibility of field application. To obviate the problem, a strong-base polymeric anion exchanger (INDION 830S) was modified with the impregnation of dual metal (Zr and Mn) hydroxide nanoparticles. The synthesized resin (HAIX/Mn-Zr) demonstrated preferential fluoride capture in the presence of competing anions in the pH range of 4.5–5, with the point of zero charge measured at pH around 5.1 and a good removal efficiency of 80.7 % up to pH 6.0. Adsorption of fluoride by HAIX/Mn-Zr followed the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The maximum fluoride adsorption capacity was 28.1, 29.7, and 31.5 mg/g at 20, 30, and 40 °C temperatures, respectively. The adsorption process was endothermic, exhibiting an activation energy of 12.61 kJ/mol, a negative Gibbs free energy, and a positive enthalpy change. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated chemisorption of fluoride onto HAIX/Mn-Zr, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed its amorphous structure. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) revealed a visible morphology change after the loading of Mn (2.2 wt%) and Zr (21.8 wt%). The column study demonstrated that around 2000 bed volumes of contaminated water were treated before the breakthrough of 1.5 mg/L of fluoride. Overall, the HAIX/Mn-Zr is a low-cost sorbent with a facile synthesis and regeneration procedure, reusability up to five cycles, and high fluoride removal efficiency, indicating its high potential for the defluoridation of contaminated groundwater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A triple-benefit approach: Simultaneous removal of nitrate and emerging contaminants from groundwater using an integrated electrocoagulation-adsorption system and in-situ PAC separation 一种三重效益的方法：使用集成的电混凝-吸附系统和原位PAC分离同时去除地下水中的硝酸盐和新污染物

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101532

Fatemeh Ahmadi , Ehsan Ranjbar , Majid Baghdadi , Shima Mardani , Behnoush Aminzadeh Goharrizi

The simultaneous presence of organic and inorganic contaminants in the environment is a global concern. These contaminants penetrate the soil and gradually leach into groundwater, posing substantial environmental and human health hazards. This study evaluates the efficiency of a combined electrocoagulation-adsorption system for the simultaneous removal of nitrate (NO₃⁻) and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). The study examined how operational parameters including electrode materials, current, adsorbent dosage and reaction time affect the simultaneous removal of NO₃⁻ and bisphenol A (as a model CEC) from groundwater. The optimal conditions were obtained with an Al anode and Cu foam cathode, current of 0.3 A, reaction time of 60 min, and powdered activated carbon (PAC) dosage of 120 mg/L. Under these conditions, NO₃⁻ and bisphenol A removal reached 94% and 89%, respectively. Mechanistically, electrocoagulation facilitated both contaminant removal and independent precipitation of PAC, therefore there is no need for additional steps to separate it from the reactor. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed integrated system as a cost-effective and practical solution for the treatment of contaminated groundwater.

环境中同时存在有机和无机污染物是一个全球关注的问题。这些污染物渗入土壤并逐渐渗入地下水，对环境和人类健康造成重大危害。本研究评估了电混凝-吸附联合系统同时去除硝酸盐（NO3−）和新出现的污染物（CECs）的效率。研究了电极材料、电流、吸附剂用量和反应时间等操作参数对同时去除地下水中NO3−和双酚A（作为模型CEC）的影响。最佳工艺条件为Al阳极和Cu泡沫阴极，电流0.3 A，反应时间60 min，粉末活性炭（PAC）用量为120 mg/L。在此条件下，NO3−和双酚A的去除率分别达到94%和89%。在机械上，电絮凝促进了污染物的去除和PAC的独立沉淀，因此不需要额外的步骤将其从反应器中分离出来。这些发现突出了拟议的综合系统作为处理受污染地下水的一种具有成本效益和实用的解决方案的潜力。

{"title":"A triple-benefit approach: Simultaneous removal of nitrate and emerging contaminants from groundwater using an integrated electrocoagulation-adsorption system and in-situ PAC separation","authors":"Fatemeh Ahmadi , Ehsan Ranjbar , Majid Baghdadi , Shima Mardani , Behnoush Aminzadeh Goharrizi","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous presence of organic and inorganic contaminants in the environment is a global concern. These contaminants penetrate the soil and gradually leach into groundwater, posing substantial environmental and human health hazards. This study evaluates the efficiency of a combined electrocoagulation-adsorption system for the simultaneous removal of nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). The study examined how operational parameters including electrode materials, current, adsorbent dosage and reaction time affect the simultaneous removal of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and bisphenol A (as a model CEC) from groundwater. The optimal conditions were obtained with an Al anode and Cu foam cathode, current of 0.3 A, reaction time of 60 min, and powdered activated carbon (PAC) dosage of 120 mg/L. Under these conditions, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and bisphenol A removal reached 94% and 89%, respectively. Mechanistically, electrocoagulation facilitated both contaminant removal and independent precipitation of PAC, therefore there is no need for additional steps to separate it from the reactor. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed integrated system as a cost-effective and practical solution for the treatment of contaminated groundwater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple household water sources and uses in rural ASALs: Evidence and proposed solutions from Turkana, Kenya 农村ASALs的多种家庭水源和使用：来自肯尼亚图尔卡纳的证据和提出的解决方案

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101531

Vivian Abungu , Kofi Adanu , Mostafa Dadashi Firouzjaei , Benon Wasonga , Mark A. Elliott

Water scarcity remains a pressing issue in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs), often compelling households to rely on multiple water sources to meet their daily water needs. While widespread in many low and middle-income settings globally, the specific extent and dynamics of this practice remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining multisource water use in Turkana County, a predominantly pastoralist and rural low-income ASAL in Kenya. A cross-sectional survey of 475 households revealed universal reliance on multiple water sources, with usage patterns largely influenced by seasonal availability. Despite operational and water quality constraints, boreholes were the most utilized source, supporting 94.1 % of households. Other prevalent sources included rivers/streams, shallow hand-dug wells on dry riverbeds, water pans, springs, water vendors, and the saline Lake Turkana. Roof-based rainwater harvesting also supported a substantial proportion of households (19.4 %), although it was constrained by housing design. While pronounced disparities in water access were observed between rural townships and more remote areas, statistical analysis revealed significant seasonal associations between water source use and household activities across Turkana. This study proposes implementing alternative rainwater harvesting techniques: macro and rock catchments, and subsurface dams to address water scarcity and flood risk in Turkana. Findings highlight the critical role of multiple water source use in rural low-income ASALs and its potential to inform research, global water management, health outcomes, and resilience-oriented interventions.

在干旱和半干旱地区，缺水仍然是一个紧迫的问题，往往迫使家庭依赖多种水源来满足日常用水需求。虽然在全球许多低收入和中等收入环境中普遍存在，但这种做法的具体程度和动态仍未得到充分探讨。本研究通过考察图尔卡纳县的多水源用水情况来解决这一差距。图尔卡纳县是肯尼亚一个以牧民和农村低收入人口为主的地区。对475个家庭进行的横断面调查显示，普遍依赖多种水源，使用模式在很大程度上受季节可用性的影响。尽管存在运营和水质方面的限制，但钻孔是利用最多的水源，为94.1%的家庭提供了用水。其他普遍的水源包括河流/小溪、干河床上的浅手挖井、水盘、泉水、水贩和含盐的图尔卡纳湖。屋顶雨水收集也支持了相当大比例的家庭（19.4%），尽管受到住房设计的限制。虽然在农村乡镇和更偏远地区之间观察到明显的供水差异，但统计分析显示，图尔卡纳各地的水源使用与家庭活动之间存在显著的季节性关联。本研究建议实施替代性雨水收集技术：宏观和岩石集水区，以及地下水坝，以解决图尔卡纳的水资源短缺和洪水风险。研究结果强调了多种水源在农村低收入ASALs中的关键作用及其为研究、全球水管理、健康结果和面向复原力的干预措施提供信息的潜力。

{"title":"Multiple household water sources and uses in rural ASALs: Evidence and proposed solutions from Turkana, Kenya","authors":"Vivian Abungu , Kofi Adanu , Mostafa Dadashi Firouzjaei , Benon Wasonga , Mark A. Elliott","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water scarcity remains a pressing issue in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs), often compelling households to rely on multiple water sources to meet their daily water needs. While widespread in many low and middle-income settings globally, the specific extent and dynamics of this practice remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining multisource water use in Turkana County, a predominantly pastoralist and rural low-income ASAL in Kenya. A cross-sectional survey of 475 households revealed universal reliance on multiple water sources, with usage patterns largely influenced by seasonal availability. Despite operational and water quality constraints, boreholes were the most utilized source, supporting 94.1 % of households. Other prevalent sources included rivers/streams, shallow hand-dug wells on dry riverbeds, water pans, springs, water vendors, and the saline Lake Turkana. Roof-based rainwater harvesting also supported a substantial proportion of households (19.4 %), although it was constrained by housing design. While pronounced disparities in water access were observed between rural townships and more remote areas, statistical analysis revealed significant seasonal associations between water source use and household activities across Turkana. This study proposes implementing alternative rainwater harvesting techniques: macro and rock catchments, and subsurface dams to address water scarcity and flood risk in Turkana. Findings highlight the critical role of multiple water source use in rural low-income ASALs and its potential to inform research, global water management, health outcomes, and resilience-oriented interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101531"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uranium in the groundwaters of the Republic of Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦共和国地下水中的铀

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101527

N.A. Medeshova , D.A. Novikov , K.O. Zhinak , A.T. Makyzhanova , M.R. Zapparov , A.M. Orynbek , F.F. Dultsev

Hydrogeochemical data on uranium content in the groundwaters of Kazakhstan are evaluated and summarized for the first time. Uranium concentrations in the groundwaters of Kazakhstan vary within a broad range; according to our data, this range is 4.8∙10⁻⁶ – 78 mg/l. The regional background uranium concentration for the groundwaters of Kazakhstan is 13 μg/l, and the anomalous level is 17 μg/l. The maximal uranium content (exceeding 10 mg/l) is detected in the acid groundwaters in oxidation zones of uranium deposits (the Kamyshovoye, Viktorovskoye, Bokayskoye, Abayskoye, Dzhusandalinskoye, etc.). Uranium concentration in near-neutral groundwaters of ore-bearing rocks ranges from 0.1 to 10 mg/l. Beyond the boundaries of deposits, uranium concentrations decrease to n∙10⁻¹ mg/l. Under favorable hydrogeochemical conditions, uranium has also been observed to accumulate in groundwaters outside the deposits. In this case, the formation of uranium-containing groundwater is associated with the chemically enhanced transition of uranium from rocks into groundwater and its subsequent accumulation due to complexation processes. An increase in uranium concentration occurs in alkaline waters of HCO₃-Na, HCO₃-Cl-Na, and Cl-HCO₃-(CO₃)-Na composition. With an increase in water salinity to several grams per liter (regardless of its absolute value), uranium concentration rises and can reach n∙10⁻¹ mg/l. With a further increase in groundwater salinity (up to n∙10 g/l), uranium concentration may increase to n∙10 mg/l, which is characteristic of Kazakhstan, with its arid climatic conditions, so that the groundwaters and surface waters are associated with closed depressions as a result of evaporative concentration.

首次对哈萨克斯坦地下水中铀含量的水文地球化学资料进行了评价和总结。哈萨克斯坦地下水中的铀浓度变化范围很广；根据我们的数据，该范围为4.8∙10−6 - 78 mg/l。哈萨克斯坦地下水区域背景铀浓度为13 μg/l，异常水平为17 μg/l。铀矿氧化带（Kamyshovoye、Viktorovskoye、Bokayskoye、Abayskoye、Dzhusandalinskoye等）的酸性地下水中铀含量最高（超过10毫克/升）。含矿岩石近中性地下水中的铀浓度为0.1 ~ 10mg /l。在矿床边界之外，铀浓度降至n∙10−1 mg/l。在有利的水文地球化学条件下，还观察到铀在矿床外的地下水中富集。在这种情况下，含铀地下水的形成与铀从岩石向地下水的化学强化过渡以及随后由于络合作用而积聚有关。在HCO3-Na、HCO3-Cl-Na和Cl-HCO3-(CO3)- na组成的碱性水中，铀浓度增加。随着水的盐度增加到每升几克（无论其绝对值如何），铀浓度上升，可达到n∙10−1 mg/l。随着地下水盐度的进一步增加（高达n∙10克/升），铀浓度可能增加到n∙10毫克/升，这是哈萨克斯坦干旱气候条件的特点，因此地下水和地表水由于蒸发浓度而与封闭的洼地联系在一起。

{"title":"Uranium in the groundwaters of the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"N.A. Medeshova , D.A. Novikov , K.O. Zhinak , A.T. Makyzhanova , M.R. Zapparov , A.M. Orynbek , F.F. Dultsev","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogeochemical data on uranium content in the groundwaters of Kazakhstan are evaluated and summarized for the first time. Uranium concentrations in the groundwaters of Kazakhstan vary within a broad range; according to our data, this range is 4.8∙10<sup>−6</sup> – 78 mg/l. The regional background uranium concentration for the groundwaters of Kazakhstan is 13 μg/l, and the anomalous level is 17 μg/l. The maximal uranium content (exceeding 10 mg/l) is detected in the acid groundwaters in oxidation zones of uranium deposits (the Kamyshovoye, Viktorovskoye, Bokayskoye, Abayskoye, Dzhusandalinskoye, etc.). Uranium concentration in near-neutral groundwaters of ore-bearing rocks ranges from 0.1 to 10 mg/l. Beyond the boundaries of deposits, uranium concentrations decrease to n∙10<sup>−1</sup> mg/l. Under favorable hydrogeochemical conditions, uranium has also been observed to accumulate in groundwaters outside the deposits. In this case, the formation of uranium-containing groundwater is associated with the chemically enhanced transition of uranium from rocks into groundwater and its subsequent accumulation due to complexation processes. An increase in uranium concentration occurs in alkaline waters of HCO<sub>3</sub>-Na, HCO<sub>3</sub>-Cl-Na, and Cl-HCO<sub>3</sub>-(CO<sub>3</sub>)-Na composition. With an increase in water salinity to several grams per liter (regardless of its absolute value), uranium concentration rises and can reach n∙10<sup>−1</sup> mg/l. With a further increase in groundwater salinity (up to n∙10 g/l), uranium concentration may increase to n∙10 mg/l, which is characteristic of Kazakhstan, with its arid climatic conditions, so that the groundwaters and surface waters are associated with closed depressions as a result of evaporative concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of clay layers in managing fluid pressure propagation during managed aquifer recharge 黏土层在管理含水层补给过程中控制流体压力传播的作用

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101529

John B. Ogunleye, Ethan W. Conley, Mahesh P. Parija, Ryan M. Pollyea

Groundwater abstraction in the Potomac aquifer of the Virginia Coastal Plain has caused significant groundwater depletion, saltwater intrusion, and land subsidence. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is being explored as a mitigation strategy. However, the Potomac Aquifer position above crystalline basement rock raises concerns about induced seismicity due to fluid pressure changes. Existing numerical models often assume homogeneous aquifer properties, overlooking fine heterogeneities. Recent deep drilling efforts for MAR in the Virginia Potomac aquifer reveal 20 m-thick clay interbeds, yet their role in fluid pressure dynamics during high-rate injection remains poorly understood. This study develops a 3D numerical model incorporating aquifer heterogeneity, such as discontinuous clay layers (DCLs), to buffer fluid pressure propagation into deep basement rocks. Results indicate that focusing injection above the clay layer separating the middle and lower Potomac aquifer reduces fluid pressure reaching the basement when lateral DCL dimensions exceed 800 × 400 m. This study also shows that injecting into the upper and middle Potomac aquifer increases fluid pressure within the overlying Potomac confining unit, potentially mitigating land subsidence and reducing pressure propagation toward the basement, which decreases the risk of inducing seismicity.

弗吉尼亚海岸平原波托马克河含水层的地下水开采造成了严重的地下水枯竭、盐水入侵和地面沉降。正在探索含水层管理补给（MAR）作为一种缓解战略。然而，波托马克河含水层位于结晶基岩之上，引起了人们对流体压力变化引起的地震活动的担忧。现有的数值模型通常假设含水层的均质性，而忽略了精细的非均质性。最近在Virginia Potomac含水层进行的MAR深钻发现了20米厚的粘土互层，但它们在高速注入过程中对流体压力动力学的作用仍然知之甚少。本研究建立了一个考虑含水层非均质性的三维数值模型，如不连续粘土层（dcl），以缓冲流体压力向深部基底岩石的传播。结果表明，当横向DCL尺寸超过800 × 400 m时，在分离中下游Potomac含水层的粘土层上方进行聚焦注入会降低到达基底的流体压力。该研究还表明，注入Potomac上部和中部含水层增加了上覆Potomac围合单元内的流体压力，可能减轻地面沉降并减少压力向基底传播，从而降低诱发地震活动的风险。

{"title":"The role of clay layers in managing fluid pressure propagation during managed aquifer recharge","authors":"John B. Ogunleye, Ethan W. Conley, Mahesh P. Parija, Ryan M. Pollyea","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater abstraction in the Potomac aquifer of the Virginia Coastal Plain has caused significant groundwater depletion, saltwater intrusion, and land subsidence. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is being explored as a mitigation strategy. However, the Potomac Aquifer position above crystalline basement rock raises concerns about induced seismicity due to fluid pressure changes. Existing numerical models often assume homogeneous aquifer properties, overlooking fine heterogeneities. Recent deep drilling efforts for MAR in the Virginia Potomac aquifer reveal 20 m-thick clay interbeds, yet their role in fluid pressure dynamics during high-rate injection remains poorly understood. This study develops a 3D numerical model incorporating aquifer heterogeneity, such as discontinuous clay layers (DCLs), to buffer fluid pressure propagation into deep basement rocks. Results indicate that focusing injection above the clay layer separating the middle and lower Potomac aquifer reduces fluid pressure reaching the basement when lateral DCL dimensions exceed 800 × 400 m. This study also shows that injecting into the upper and middle Potomac aquifer increases fluid pressure within the overlying Potomac confining unit, potentially mitigating land subsidence and reducing pressure propagation toward the basement, which decreases the risk of inducing seismicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101529"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal geochemical evolution of groundwater through an open-loop geothermal system – a field pilot study 地下水在开环地热系统中的时空地球化学演化——一项野外试点研究

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101525

Charis Sin-Yee Wong , Jérôme Comte , Jasmin Raymond , Christine Rivard , Geneviève Bordeleau

To investigate the operational challenges faced by groundwater heat pump systems (GWHPs), a field pilot study (two heat injection tests, HITs) was conducted to mimic operational processes involving pumping, heating and reinjection into the aquifer to simulate the cooling mode. This study aimed to acquire an understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of groundwater chemistry as it circulates throughout different parts of the system (pumping well, heater inlet/outlet, injection well, monitoring well downgradient) and during different test phases (pre-test, HITs, post-test recovery). Hierarchical clustering analyses identified six clusters corresponding to different water types through space and time, which were categorised into two main conditions: natural (Na-Ca-Cl water) and perturbed (Ca-mixed-(HCO₃-Cl-SO₄) water). Pumping-induced mixing between shallow and deeper water, along with draw-in of dissolved oxygen (DO), induced oxidising conditions and precipitation of iron oxides in the injection wells, subsequently leading to well blockage and premature termination of both HITs. The chemical signatures of the injected warm water reached the monitoring well faster than the thermal plume, suggesting different heat and solute transport mechanisms at play. While principal component analyses showed that water mixing was the main driver of differences between natural and perturbed geochemical conditions, geochemical modelling confirmed that DO intrusion was the main driver of iron oxide precipitation, surpassing the effect of water mixing and increased temperatures. Results from this study underline the importance of conducting a comprehensive spatiotemporal geochemical assessment of the hydrogeological system prior to and throughout the lifecycle of a GWHP system to predict and manage operational risks.

为了研究地下水热泵系统（GWHPs）面临的运行挑战，进行了一项现场试点研究（两次热注入测试，hit），以模拟包括泵送、加热和回注到含水层的操作过程，以模拟冷却模式。本研究旨在了解地下水化学成分在系统不同部分（抽水井、加热器入口/出口、注入井、监测井下降梯度）和不同测试阶段（测试前、hit、测试后恢复）的时空演变。通过分层聚类分析，确定了6个不同水类型对应的时空聚类，并将其分为自然（Na-Ca-Cl水）和扰动（Ca-mixed-(HCO3-Cl-SO4)水）两种主要条件。泵送引起的浅层和深层水的混合，以及溶解氧（DO）的吸入，诱导氧化条件和氧化铁在注入井中的沉淀，随后导致井堵塞和两个hit的过早终止。注入热水的化学特征到达监测井的速度快于热柱，表明不同的热量和溶质传输机制在起作用。虽然主成分分析表明，水混合是自然和扰动地球化学条件差异的主要驱动因素，但地球化学模拟证实，DO入侵是氧化铁降水的主要驱动因素，超过了水混合和温度升高的影响。这项研究的结果强调了在GWHP系统的整个生命周期之前和整个生命周期对水文地质系统进行全面的时空地球化学评估的重要性，以预测和管理运行风险。

{"title":"Spatiotemporal geochemical evolution of groundwater through an open-loop geothermal system – a field pilot study","authors":"Charis Sin-Yee Wong , Jérôme Comte , Jasmin Raymond , Christine Rivard , Geneviève Bordeleau","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the operational challenges faced by groundwater heat pump systems (GWHPs), a field pilot study (two heat injection tests, HITs) was conducted to mimic operational processes involving pumping, heating and reinjection into the aquifer to simulate the cooling mode. This study aimed to acquire an understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of groundwater chemistry as it circulates throughout different parts of the system (pumping well, heater inlet/outlet, injection well, monitoring well downgradient) and during different test phases (pre-test, HITs, post-test recovery). Hierarchical clustering analyses identified six clusters corresponding to different water types through space and time, which were categorised into two main conditions: natural (Na-Ca-Cl water) and perturbed (Ca-mixed-(HCO<sub>3</sub>-Cl-SO<sub>4</sub>) water). Pumping-induced mixing between shallow and deeper water, along with draw-in of dissolved oxygen (DO), induced oxidising conditions and precipitation of iron oxides in the injection wells, subsequently leading to well blockage and premature termination of both HITs. The chemical signatures of the injected warm water reached the monitoring well faster than the thermal plume, suggesting different heat and solute transport mechanisms at play. While principal component analyses showed that water mixing was the main driver of differences between natural and perturbed geochemical conditions, geochemical modelling confirmed that DO intrusion was the main driver of iron oxide precipitation, surpassing the effect of water mixing and increased temperatures. Results from this study underline the importance of conducting a comprehensive spatiotemporal geochemical assessment of the hydrogeological system prior to and throughout the lifecycle of a GWHP system to predict and manage operational risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101525"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RESPONSE OF PINIOS HYDROLOGIC OBSERVATORY (AGIA BASIN-THESSALY, GREECE) TO STORM DANIEL 希腊阿吉亚盆地-塞萨利皮尼奥斯水文观测站对丹尼尔风暴的响应

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101528

Ayesha Nawaz , Maria Rosaria Alfio , Konstantinos Babakos , Anna Chatzi , Gaetano Daniele Fiorese , Andreas Panagopoulos , Vassilios Pisinaras , Gabriella Balacco

Extreme weather events are becoming increasingly frequent and intense due to climate change, posing significant challenges to water resource management in vulnerable agricultural regions. Understanding how aquifer systems respond to such events is critical for ensuring long-term groundwater sustainability. Continuous, high-resolution monitoring is essential to capture the dynamics of recharge processes, particularly during intense storms. This study presents novel observations from the Pinios Hydrological Observatory (PHO), located in the Pinios River Basin in Thessaly, Greece one of the country’s most important agricultural areas, heavily dependent on groundwater for irrigation. The PHO, part of the Greek Long-Term Ecological Research Network, is equipped with automated sensors that provided rare, event-scale data during Storm Daniel, a major hydrometeorological event that impacted the region in September 2023. The sensors recorded the passage of the flood wave in near-real time, enabling a detailed analysis of groundwater recharge dynamics. Hourly groundwater level data from fourteen monitoring wells were analyzed in conjunction with meteorological data using advanced time-series techniques, including Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), to detect temporal shifts in aquifer response. Lag times between rainfall and groundwater rise ranged from 3 to 10 days, depending on local hydrogeological conditions. Piezometric surface maps generated through Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation highlighted widespread recharge across alluvial deposits, with groundwater levels increasing from approximately 70 to 72.2 meters above sea level in some areas. These results underscore the value of real-time monitoring networks in capturing aquifer responses to extreme events, contributing to more informed and adaptive water management strategies.

由于气候变化，极端天气事件变得越来越频繁和强烈，给脆弱农业区的水资源管理带来了重大挑战。了解含水层系统如何应对此类事件对于确保地下水的长期可持续性至关重要。持续、高分辨率的监测对于捕捉补给过程的动态至关重要，特别是在强风暴期间。本研究提出了来自皮尼奥斯水文站（PHO）的新观测结果，该观测站位于希腊色萨利的皮尼奥斯河流域，这是该国最重要的农业区之一，严重依赖地下水灌溉。PHO是希腊长期生态研究网络的一部分，配备了自动化传感器，在2023年9月影响该地区的主要水文气象事件“丹尼尔风暴”期间提供罕见的事件尺度数据。传感器近乎实时地记录了洪水的经过，从而可以详细分析地下水补给动态。利用先进的时间序列技术（包括动态时间翘曲（DTW））分析了来自14口监测井的每小时地下水水位数据和气象数据，以检测含水层响应的时间变化。降雨和地下水上升之间的滞后时间从3天到10天不等，取决于当地的水文地质条件。通过逆距离加权（IDW）插值生成的测压地面图突出了冲积矿床广泛的补给，一些地区的地下水位从海拔约70米上升到72.2米。这些结果强调了实时监测网络在捕获含水层对极端事件的响应方面的价值，有助于制定更明智和适应性更强的水资源管理战略。

{"title":"RESPONSE OF PINIOS HYDROLOGIC OBSERVATORY (AGIA BASIN-THESSALY, GREECE) TO STORM DANIEL","authors":"Ayesha Nawaz , Maria Rosaria Alfio , Konstantinos Babakos , Anna Chatzi , Gaetano Daniele Fiorese , Andreas Panagopoulos , Vassilios Pisinaras , Gabriella Balacco","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extreme weather events are becoming increasingly frequent and intense due to climate change, posing significant challenges to water resource management in vulnerable agricultural regions. Understanding how aquifer systems respond to such events is critical for ensuring long-term groundwater sustainability. Continuous, high-resolution monitoring is essential to capture the dynamics of recharge processes, particularly during intense storms. This study presents novel observations from the Pinios Hydrological Observatory (PHO), located in the Pinios River Basin in Thessaly, Greece one of the country’s most important agricultural areas, heavily dependent on groundwater for irrigation. The PHO, part of the Greek Long-Term Ecological Research Network, is equipped with automated sensors that provided rare, event-scale data during Storm Daniel, a major hydrometeorological event that impacted the region in September 2023. The sensors recorded the passage of the flood wave in near-real time, enabling a detailed analysis of groundwater recharge dynamics. Hourly groundwater level data from fourteen monitoring wells were analyzed in conjunction with meteorological data using advanced time-series techniques, including Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), to detect temporal shifts in aquifer response. Lag times between rainfall and groundwater rise ranged from 3 to 10 days, depending on local hydrogeological conditions. Piezometric surface maps generated through Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation highlighted widespread recharge across alluvial deposits, with groundwater levels increasing from approximately 70 to 72.2 meters above sea level in some areas. These results underscore the value of real-time monitoring networks in capturing aquifer responses to extreme events, contributing to more informed and adaptive water management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a multi-model framework for standardized groundwater index computation: Application to Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states 标准化地下水指数计算的多模型框架的开发：在安得拉邦和特伦甘纳邦的应用

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101523

Asha Farsana M, Bharath Kumar Reddy Kadapala, Satya Geetha Vimala Channa, Abdul Hakeem K, Chandrasekar K

Groundwater drought occurs when there is a depletion of groundwater storage and it is marked by unavailability of groundwater supply to meet the irrigation, public, industrial and other demands. Monitoring groundwater levels and groundwater discharge and quantifying them helps predict and mitigate groundwater drought. This study presents an improved and more accurate methodology for the computation of the Standardized Groundwater Index (SGWI) for monitoring groundwater drought. The traditional approaches of calculating standardized indices involve fitting appropriate statistical distributions to the time series data of each observation well. These techniques generally require long-term, well-level data, which may only be available in some cases. This study utilizes monthly groundwater level time-series data from a set of observation wells in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states, spanning from January 2008 to August 2023, to estimate the Standardized Groundwater Index (SGWI). The study overcomes the limitation of a short data period (16 years) by employing a novel multi-model approach. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Akaike Information Criterion corrected (AICc) were used to identify optimal fit distributions, followed by calculating weighted probabilities of non-exceedance based on model likelihoods. These probabilities were interpolated and transformed into unit normal standard deviates to create the SGWI map for the study area. The SGWI demonstrated a good correlation (R² > 0.74) with other standardized indices, such as the GRACE-Drought Severity Index and the Standardized Runoff Index. The high correlation with long-term runoff-based indices emphasizes the effectiveness of using a multi-model approach in generating standardized indices in data-scarce environments.

地下水干旱发生在地下水储量枯竭时，其特征是无法获得地下水供应来满足灌溉、公共、工业和其他需求。监测地下水位和地下水流量并对其进行量化有助于预测和缓解地下水干旱。本文提出了一种用于监测地下水干旱的标准化地下水指数（SGWI）的改进和更精确的计算方法。计算标准化指数的传统方法是对每个观测井的时间序列数据拟合适当的统计分布。这些技术通常需要长期的井位数据，这些数据可能只在某些情况下可用。本研究利用2008年1月至2023年8月期间安得拉邦和特伦甘纳邦一组观测井的每月地下水水位时间序列数据来估计标准化地下水指数（SGWI）。本研究采用新颖的多模型方法，克服了数据周期短（16年）的局限性。采用Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验和修正的Akaike信息准则（AICc）确定最优拟合分布，然后根据模型似然计算加权不超标概率。这些概率被插值并转换为单位正态标准差，以创建研究区域的SGWI地图。SGWI与grace -干旱严重程度指数和标准化径流指数等其他标准化指数具有良好的相关性（R2 > 0.74）。与基于长期径流的指数的高度相关性强调了在数据稀缺环境中使用多模型方法生成标准化指数的有效性。

{"title":"Development of a multi-model framework for standardized groundwater index computation: Application to Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states","authors":"Asha Farsana M, Bharath Kumar Reddy Kadapala, Satya Geetha Vimala Channa, Abdul Hakeem K, Chandrasekar K","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater drought occurs when there is a depletion of groundwater storage and it is marked by unavailability of groundwater supply to meet the irrigation, public, industrial and other demands. Monitoring groundwater levels and groundwater discharge and quantifying them helps predict and mitigate groundwater drought. This study presents an improved and more accurate methodology for the computation of the Standardized Groundwater Index (SGWI) for monitoring groundwater drought. The traditional approaches of calculating standardized indices involve fitting appropriate statistical distributions to the time series data of each observation well. These techniques generally require long-term, well-level data, which may only be available in some cases. This study utilizes monthly groundwater level time-series data from a set of observation wells in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states, spanning from January 2008 to August 2023, to estimate the Standardized Groundwater Index (SGWI). The study overcomes the limitation of a short data period (16 years) by employing a novel multi-model approach. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Akaike Information Criterion corrected (AICc) were used to identify optimal fit distributions, followed by calculating weighted probabilities of non-exceedance based on model likelihoods. These probabilities were interpolated and transformed into unit normal standard deviates to create the SGWI map for the study area. The SGWI demonstrated a good correlation (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.74) with other standardized indices, such as the GRACE-Drought Severity Index and the Standardized Runoff Index. The high correlation with long-term runoff-based indices emphasizes the effectiveness of using a multi-model approach in generating standardized indices in data-scarce environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101523"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogeochemistry and geothermometry of carbonate aquifers at the southern margin of the northern China coalfield: Insights from major ions and environmental isotopes 华北煤田南缘碳酸盐含水层水文地球化学和地温测量：来自主要离子和环境同位素的启示

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101530

Haitao Zhang , Guangquan Xu , Hongbin Zhan , Xiaoqing Chen , Xu Li , Zhuting Wang , Kai Wang , Jianghui He , Zixuan Li , An'an Zhao , Hao Wang

Carbonate aquifers are widely distributed worldwide and are prioritized for the development and utilization of medium-deep geothermal resources. The formation mechanisms of geothermal water in carbonate aquifers, a critical knowledge gap hindering geothermal resource evaluation, were investigated. By analyzing hydrogeochemistry and geothermometry (major ions, δ¹⁸O, δD, δ³⁴S_SO4, δ¹³C_DIC, and A¹⁴C_DIC) from groundwater samples, hydrogeochemical processes, recharge sources, geothermal conditions, and residence times of the geothermal water in Cambrian–Ordovician carbonate aquifers in the Huainan coalfield, located on the southern margin of northern China, were evaluated. The results showed that bounded by the Fufeng and Minglongshan faults, the Huainan coalfield is divided into three structural zones. Cold water in the southern recharge zone (HCO₃-Ca type, 18.1–19.2 °C, TDS 0.28–0.49 g/L) contrasts with geothermal water in the central flow and discharge zone (Cl-Na type, 36.1–50.7 °C, TDS 1.93–3.06 g/L). Geothermal water formation is controlled by evaporite dissolution (halite, gypsum, and anhydrite), common ion effect, dedolomitization, and microbial oxidation of sulfides. Isotopic signatures indicate that geothermal water originates from recharge by Late Pleistocene precipitation (∼34.1 ka) under cold-humid conditions. Silica geothermometers revealed reservoir temperatures of 59.8–80.1 °C (average 67.4 °C) and circulation depths of 1565–2291 m (average 1838 m). A conceptual model of geothermal water circulation in Cambrian–Ordovician carbonate aquifers was established. Driven by topography and gravity, atmospheric precipitation in the southern outcrop zone infiltrated the subsurface, circulated to depth where it reached elevated temperatures, and then ascended through faults and fractures, ultimately discharging via interlayer flow, drilled wells, and natural outlets. Given the slow renewal rate of geothermal water in the study area (average retention time ∼34.1 ka), evaluation of resource renewability prior to extraction is essential to prevent depletion caused by excessive exploitation.

碳酸盐岩含水层在世界范围内分布广泛，是中深层地热资源开发利用的优先对象。研究了碳酸盐岩含水层地热水的形成机制，这是制约地热资源评价的关键知识空白。通过分析淮南煤田地下水样品的水文地球化学和地温特征（主要离子、δ18O、δD、δ34SSO4、δ13CDIC和A14CDIC），评价了淮南煤田寒武系—奥陶系碳酸盐岩含水层地热水的水文地球化学过程、补给源、地热条件和停留时间。结果表明，淮南煤田以扶风断裂和鸣龙山断裂为界，划分为3个构造带。南部回灌区冷水（HCO3-Ca型，18.1 ~ 19.2℃，TDS 0.28 ~ 0.49 g/L）与中部流排区地热水（Cl-Na型，36.1 ~ 50.7℃，TDS 1.93 ~ 3.06 g/L）形成对比。地热水的形成受蒸发岩溶解（岩盐、石膏和硬石膏）、普通离子效应、脱白云石化和硫化物的微生物氧化控制。同位素特征表明，地热水起源于寒湿条件下晚更新世降水（~ 34.1 ka）的补给。石英地温计显示储层温度59.8 ~ 80.1℃（平均67.4℃），循环深度1565 ~ 2291 m（平均1838 m）。建立了寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩含水层地热水循环概念模型。在地形和重力的作用下，南部露头区的大气降水渗入地下，循环到深部，达到较高的温度，然后通过断层和裂缝上升，最终通过层间流、钻井和自然出口排出。考虑到研究区地热水的更新速度较慢（平均保留时间约34.1 ka），在开采前对资源的可再生性进行评估对于防止过度开采造成的枯竭至关重要。

{"title":"Hydrogeochemistry and geothermometry of carbonate aquifers at the southern margin of the northern China coalfield: Insights from major ions and environmental isotopes","authors":"Haitao Zhang , Guangquan Xu , Hongbin Zhan , Xiaoqing Chen , Xu Li , Zhuting Wang , Kai Wang , Jianghui He , Zixuan Li , An'an Zhao , Hao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonate aquifers are widely distributed worldwide and are prioritized for the development and utilization of medium-deep geothermal resources. The formation mechanisms of geothermal water in carbonate aquifers, a critical knowledge gap hindering geothermal resource evaluation, were investigated. By analyzing hydrogeochemistry and geothermometry (major ions, δ<sup>18</sup>O, δD, δ<sup>34</sup>S<sub>SO4</sub>, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>DIC</sub>, and A<sup>14</sup>C<sub>DIC</sub>) from groundwater samples, hydrogeochemical processes, recharge sources, geothermal conditions, and residence times of the geothermal water in Cambrian–Ordovician carbonate aquifers in the Huainan coalfield, located on the southern margin of northern China, were evaluated. The results showed that bounded by the Fufeng and Minglongshan faults, the Huainan coalfield is divided into three structural zones. Cold water in the southern recharge zone (HCO<sub>3</sub>-Ca type, 18.1–19.2 °C, TDS 0.28–0.49 g/L) contrasts with geothermal water in the central flow and discharge zone (Cl-Na type, 36.1–50.7 °C, TDS 1.93–3.06 g/L). Geothermal water formation is controlled by evaporite dissolution (halite, gypsum, and anhydrite), common ion effect, dedolomitization, and microbial oxidation of sulfides. Isotopic signatures indicate that geothermal water originates from recharge by Late Pleistocene precipitation (∼34.1 ka) under cold-humid conditions. Silica geothermometers revealed reservoir temperatures of 59.8–80.1 °C (average 67.4 °C) and circulation depths of 1565–2291 m (average 1838 m). A conceptual model of geothermal water circulation in Cambrian–Ordovician carbonate aquifers was established. Driven by topography and gravity, atmospheric precipitation in the southern outcrop zone infiltrated the subsurface, circulated to depth where it reached elevated temperatures, and then ascended through faults and fractures, ultimately discharging via interlayer flow, drilled wells, and natural outlets. Given the slow renewal rate of geothermal water in the study area (average retention time ∼34.1 ka), evaluation of resource renewability prior to extraction is essential to prevent depletion caused by excessive exploitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-performance nano-ternary composite (Al-Zr-Mn) for enhanced arsenite removal from groundwater: Insights into adsorption dynamics and sustainability analysis 高性能纳米三元复合材料（Al-Zr-Mn）用于增强地下水中亚砷的去除：对吸附动力学和可持续性分析的见解

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101524

Roshan Prabhakar, Rima Kumari, Sukha Ranjan Samadder

The global concern over arsenic contamination is intensified by the co-existence of both arsenic species, As(III) and As(V), making the groundwater treatment challenging. Thus, the present study aimed to address both arsenic species using a trimetal-based nano ternary adsorbent. The material was synthesized by the combustion method, with conditions optimized to maximize removal performance. The relative composition of the trimetal Al, Zr, and Mn (AZM) was varied to obtain a zero-point charge (pHzpc) value > 7. The nano-AZM prepared was also characterized for its morphological and surface characteristics. Performance testing revealed a notably higher removal efficiency for As(III) than for As(V), with only 18 mg of the nano-AZM composite reducing As(III) concentration from 750 ppb to below 10 ppb. Moreover, sequential extraction results revealed distinct interaction mechanisms and molecular speciation patterns responsible for this enhanced uptake. In-depth analysis of adsorption underscores the substitution of –OH group on nAZM surfaces by arsenic ions. The adsorption behavior was well represented by the Freundlich isotherm model, while the kinetics followed a pseudo-second order model. The material also demonstrated strong reusability and maintained high removal efficiency in real groundwater samples. Moreover, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and cost evaluation further highlighted the environmental and economic viability of the nano AZM-based treatment system.

砷（III）和砷(V)两种砷的共存加剧了全球对砷污染的关注，使地下水处理具有挑战性。因此，本研究旨在利用三金属基纳米三元吸附剂来处理这两种砷。采用燃烧法合成了该材料，并优化了条件以获得最佳的去除性能。改变三金属Al， Zr和Mn （AZM）的相对组成以获得零点电荷（pHzpc）值>； 7。对制备的纳米azm进行了形貌和表面表征。性能测试显示，As（III）的去除效率明显高于As(V)，仅18 mg纳米azm复合材料就能将As（III）浓度从750 ppb降至10 ppb以下。此外，序列提取结果揭示了不同的相互作用机制和分子物种形成模式负责这种增强的吸收。深入的吸附分析强调了-OH基团在nAZM表面被砷离子取代。吸附行为可以用Freundlich等温模型很好地表示，而吸附动力学则符合准二阶模型。该材料在实际地下水样品中也表现出较强的可重复使用性，并保持了较高的去除效率。此外，生命周期评估（LCA）和成本评估进一步强调了纳米azm处理系统的环境和经济可行性。

{"title":"High-performance nano-ternary composite (Al-Zr-Mn) for enhanced arsenite removal from groundwater: Insights into adsorption dynamics and sustainability analysis","authors":"Roshan Prabhakar, Rima Kumari, Sukha Ranjan Samadder","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gsd.2025.101524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global concern over arsenic contamination is intensified by the co-existence of both arsenic species, As(III) and As(V), making the groundwater treatment challenging. Thus, the present study aimed to address both arsenic species using a trimetal-based nano ternary adsorbent. The material was synthesized by the combustion method, with conditions optimized to maximize removal performance. The relative composition of the trimetal Al, Zr, and Mn (AZM) was varied to obtain a zero-point charge (pHzpc) value > 7. The nano-AZM prepared was also characterized for its morphological and surface characteristics. Performance testing revealed a notably higher removal efficiency for As(III) than for As(V), with only 18 mg of the nano-AZM composite reducing As(III) concentration from 750 ppb to below 10 ppb. Moreover, sequential extraction results revealed distinct interaction mechanisms and molecular speciation patterns responsible for this enhanced uptake. In-depth analysis of adsorption underscores the substitution of –OH group on nAZM surfaces by arsenic ions. The adsorption behavior was well represented by the Freundlich isotherm model, while the kinetics followed a pseudo-second order model. The material also demonstrated strong reusability and maintained high removal efficiency in real groundwater samples. Moreover, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and cost evaluation further highlighted the environmental and economic viability of the nano AZM-based treatment system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0