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Gobernanza universitaria: enfoques y alcances conceptuales 大学治理:方法和概念范围
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.22201/IISUE.20072872E.2021.33.854
Adrián Acosta-Silva, F. Ganga-Contreras, Claudio Rama-Vitale
Studying the relationships between governance, public policy and institutional performance in the field of higher education has become a great challenge for researchers, but also an attractive opportunity, given the complexity that this triad of concepts represents. The purpose of this work is to carry out a theoretical reflection on the conceptual scope of university governance and its connection with public policy and its corresponding performance, in order to specify the terminology and its most relevant significance for Latin America. This research is descriptive and documentary, based on the exploration of the contemporary sociological and political literature.
研究高等教育领域的治理、公共政策和机构绩效之间的关系对研究者来说是一个巨大的挑战,但考虑到这三个概念所代表的复杂性,这也是一个有吸引力的机会。这项工作的目的是对大学治理的概念范围及其与公共政策及其相应绩效的联系进行理论反思,以便指定术语及其对拉丁美洲最相关的意义。本研究以对当代社会学和政治文献的探索为基础,具有描述性和纪实性。
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引用次数: 17
Condiciones para la docencia inclusiva: análisis desde las barreras y los facilitadores 包容性教学的条件:从障碍和促进者的角度进行分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.22201/IISUE.20072872E.2021.33.862
J. Pérez-Castro
The objective of this article is to analyze the barriers and facilitators identified by a sample of students with disabilities enrolled in two Mexican public universities, in three components of teaching: the ways in which they are presented, the ways in which they are invited to take part in the activities and their level of commitment and the attitudes towards inclusion. The research consisted of a case study and the investigacion technique was the in-depth interview. The results show us that teacher training in inclusion and disability is important, but it is also necessary to provide tools that allow teachers to make reasonable adjustments, based on the needs of the students.
本文的目的是分析两所墨西哥公立大学的残疾学生样本在教学的三个组成部分中发现的障碍和促进者:介绍他们的方式、邀请他们参加活动的方式、他们的承诺水平和对包容的态度。该研究包括一个案例研究和调查技术是深入访谈。研究结果表明,教师在包容和残疾方面的培训很重要,但也有必要提供工具,让教师根据学生的需求做出合理的调整。
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引用次数: 1
Incorporación de la Ley de Gratuidad al Sistema de Educación Superior en Chile: la prolongación del subsidio a la demanda y la privatización del financiamiento público 将《免费法》纳入智利高等教育系统:延长需求补贴和公共资金私有化
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.22201/IISUE.20072872E.2021.33.864
C. Rodríguez-Garcés, Geraldo Padilla-Fuentes
Making use of official information, this article analyzes the changes that the new law of Free Access to Higher Education in Chile introduced to public financing, institutional recruitment and coverage rates. Among the results, what stands out is the significant injection of public resources despite the low level of coverage achieved, a strong tendency towards privatization and low institutional adhesion. With its implementation and graduality, this law accentuates the logic of the voucher, of restricted and focused access, while the institutions, in a cost-benefit analysis, evaluate the attraction of resources and the reduction of autonomy through fiscal regulation.
本文利用官方信息,分析了智利新的《免费接受高等教育法》在公共融资、机构招聘和覆盖率方面的变化。在这些结果中,突出的是,尽管覆盖率低,私有化趋势强烈,机构附着力低,但公共资源大量注入。随着其实施和逐步实施,这项法律强调了代金券、限制和集中准入的逻辑,而各机构在成本效益分析中评估了通过财政监管吸引资源和减少自主权的情况。
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引用次数: 1
¿En qué confiamos al evaluar la calidad de las universidades? Un análisis sociológico de la evolución de los mecanismos de aseguramiento externos de la calidad en Chile desde la teoría de sistemas sociales 在评估大学质量时,我们依靠什么?从社会制度理论对智利外部质量保证机制演变的社会学分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.22201/IISUE.20072872E.2021.33.861
Julio Labraña, César Maríñez
The contemporary higher education systems depend on the existence of institutions responsible for ensuring the quality of their activities. The Chilean case is no exception in this regard. The creation of the Higher Education Council in 1990 was the starting point for the development of an expert assessment system for universities, consolidated with the inauguration of the National Accreditation Commission in 2006. Despite their importance, there do not seem to be studies on the history of these quality assurance mechanisms, nor on how their evolution can be explained from a general sociological theory. To make progress in this analysis, the authors, following Niklas Luhmann's thesis, put forward that trust is socially constructed and that its form of configuration depends on changes in the structure of society. Using these ideas, the evolution of quality assurance mechanisms in higher education since the 19th century in Chile is reviewed and the results suggest that the emphasis on expert knowledge is a recent phenomenon which can be explained as a consequence of the change in the way society is structured. This sociological analysis, based on Luhmann's theory of social systems, ends with a summary, possible lines of research, and recommendations for higher education policy.
当代高等教育体系依赖于负责确保其活动质量的机构的存在。智利的情况在这方面也不例外。1990年成立的高等教育委员会是发展大学专家评估体系的起点,2006年国家认可委员会的成立巩固了这一体系。尽管它们很重要,但似乎还没有对这些质量保证机制的历史进行研究,也没有研究如何从一般的社会学理论来解释它们的演变。为了进一步深化这一分析,作者根据Niklas Luhmann的论点,提出信任是社会建构的,其配置形式取决于社会结构的变化。利用这些观点,回顾了自19世纪以来智利高等教育质量保证机制的演变,结果表明,强调专业知识是一种最近的现象,可以解释为社会结构方式变化的结果。这篇基于Luhmann的社会系统理论的社会学分析,以总结、可能的研究路线和对高等教育政策的建议结束。
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引用次数: 5
Subsidiariedad y educación en Chile: estudio histórico de un principio político polisémico 智利的辅助性与教育:多面体政治原则的历史研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.22201/IISUE.20072872E.2021.33.865
Pablo Barnier-khawam
A partir de un estudio histórico e ideológico del concepto de subsidiariedad, este artículo propone un análisis de su aplicación en el ámbito de la educación en Chile. De esta manera, se demuestra el rol del jurista Jaime Guzmán en la conjugación de la tradición católica con el pensamiento neoliberal, al integrar la subsidiariedad en el sistema jurídico chileno. La ambivalencia de este principio de organización institucional permite justificar el carácter democrático del sistema educativo gracias a la libertad de enseñanza que consagra. La transición democrática profundiza este modelo con una ampliación de la oferta privada en la educación superior, lo que demuestra una continuación ideológica en cuanto al concepto de subsidiariedad. Sin embargo, este mismo concepto puede tener otro contenido ideológico partiendo de la idea que la educación debe entenderse como un ámbito social fuera de la lógica de mercado, como lo demuestran los movimientos estudiantiles en Chile. Una propuesta horizontal de la subsidiariedad puede así ser teorizada.
本文从历史和意识形态的角度对辅助性概念进行了研究,分析了辅助性概念在智利教育领域的应用。本研究的目的是分析在智利法律体系中,天主教传统与新自由主义思想的结合,以及在智利法律体系中辅助性的作用。这一制度组织原则的矛盾性质使我们有可能证明教育制度的民主性质,因为它所体现的教学自由。民主过渡深化了这一模式,扩大了高等教育的私人提供,显示了辅助性概念的意识形态延续。然而,正如智利的学生运动所证明的那样,同样的概念可能有不同的意识形态内容,其基础是教育必须被理解为市场逻辑之外的一个社会领域。因此,辅助性的横向建议可以理论化。
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引用次数: 1
El contexto académico de estudiantes universitarios en condición de rezago por reprobación 学业落后大学生的学业背景
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.22201/IISUE.20072872E.2021.33.858
Olga-Lidia Murillo-García, Edna Luna-Serrano
The purpose of this study was to identify the academic context of failing students enrolled in a Mexican public university. Information was available about 62,174 students enrolled in 77 undergraduate programs. The source of information was the Integral System of Institutional Information; the unit of analysis was the indicator of failure,in particular the failure of three or more subjects (N3); descriptive analyses were made. The results showed that the greatest proportion of students in condition of N3 lagging can be observed in programs that belong to the area of Engineering and Technology, followed by the area of Natural and Exact Sciences, and in the core curriculum that is taught during the first university year in diverse areas.
本研究的目的是确定在墨西哥公立大学注册的不及格学生的学术背景。共有62174名学生注册了77个本科专业。信息来源是机构信息集成系统;分析单元是失败的指标,特别是三个或更多受试者的失败(N3);进行描述性分析。结果表明,N3滞后的学生比例最大的是工程与技术专业,其次是自然与精确科学专业,以及不同领域大学一年级的核心课程。
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引用次数: 1
Educación superior tecnológica y movilidad social. Un estudio longitudinal basado en historias de vida 技术高等教育和社会流动性。基于生活故事的纵向研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.22201/IISUE.20072872E.2021.33.856
Pedro Flores-Crespo, Nadyra Rodríguez-Arias
The main purpose of this article is to explore how technological higher education contributes to social mobility and, specifically, what changes in educational, occupational and income terms graduates have experienced during their life trajectory. This is done through a longitudinal panel study that collected information from a group of graduates at the level of university technician in one of Mexico's technological universities: Tula-Tepeji. Based on the data, the authors found that the graduates have been able to achieve intergenerational educational mobility and significant changes in their occupational status, as well as in their spending power when investigating their wages. Likewise, the authors observe modifications in the idiosyncrasies of the perception of schooling as a tool to be successful, that is, they manage to break with some cultural patterns transmitted from their grandparents to their parents regarding education, which led to different ways of choosing. This points at a more complex rationality that could be analyzed in future studies.
本文的主要目的是探讨技术高等教育如何促进社会流动性,特别是毕业生在其生活轨迹中经历的教育,职业和收入方面的变化。这是通过纵向面板研究来完成的,该研究收集了一组墨西哥技术大学图拉-特佩吉大学技术人员水平的毕业生的信息。基于这些数据,作者发现,在调查他们的工资时,毕业生已经能够实现代际教育流动性和职业地位的显著变化,以及他们的消费能力。同样,作者观察到,将学校教育视为成功工具的观念的特质发生了变化,也就是说,他们设法打破了一些从祖父母传给父母的关于教育的文化模式,这导致了不同的选择方式。这指出了一个更复杂的理性,可以在未来的研究中分析。
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引用次数: 3
La educación a distancia desde el pensamiento sistémico: una mirada necesaria para los actores del centro educativo de nivel superior 系统思维中的远程教育:高等教育中心参与者的必要视角
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.22201/iisue.20072872e.2020.32.821
Mauro Marino-Jiménez, Ursula-Andrea Harman-Canalle, Francisco Alvarado-Choy
The evolution of distance education (DE) has met various educational needs, thanks to technological progress, teaching initiatives in higher education and educational research. However, many relationships converge between the capacities, the ways of learning, the participation in the decision making by the actors and the agents involved, the norms and values, among others. This article aims to highlight the complexity of the relationships between the elements of the DE system by means of the systemic way of thinking. This will make it possible to explain why the management of DE in higher education institutions has not always had the expected results and to reflect on decision-making under this framework of reference.
由于技术进步、高等教育的教学创新和教育研究,远程教育的发展满足了各种教育需求。然而,在能力、学习方式、行动者和相关代理人参与决策、规范和价值观等方面,许多关系趋于一致。本文旨在通过系统的思维方式来突出DE系统各要素之间关系的复杂性。这将有可能解释为什么高等教育机构的DE管理并不总是取得预期的结果,并在这一参考框架下反思决策。
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引用次数: 1
Funcionalidad y eficacia del posgrado. La visión del profesorado en la Universidad de Sonora 研究生的功能和效率。索诺拉大学教师的愿景
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.22201/iisue.20072872e.2020.32.816
M. Coronado-García, Sergio-Ramón Rossetti-López, I. Rojas-Rodríguez
This study analyzes the effectiveness and functionality of the Graduate School of Management of the University of Sonora, according to the perception that the faculty has about it. The interest of postgraduate courses in Mexico about its level of effectiveness and functionality has increased, that is why the University of Sonora considered as a priority to diagnose these indicators. They carried out a survey to the postgraduate teaching staff, where a measurement instrument based on the Arturo de la Orden Hoz’ s systemic model was applied. The teaching staff was asked to indicate the ranking of effectiveness or functionality that the Master's Program in Administration shows in their opinion. According to the results, it can be observed that the function of preparation for the professional world occupies the first place in terms of percentages, with 68.77% of effectiveness fulfillment in that sector, followed by the function of Promotion and development of science, with 63.10%. The third place is occupied by the function of Promotion, development and transmission of culture, with 62.95%. The results of this research made possible to issue the corresponding recommendations in order to reach in a near future significative improvements in this area.
这项研究根据教师对索诺拉大学管理研究生院的看法,分析了该学院的有效性和功能性。墨西哥研究生课程对其有效性和性能水平的兴趣增加了,这就是为什么索诺拉大学将诊断这些指标视为优先事项。他们对研究生教师进行了一项调查,使用了基于Arturo de la Orden Hoz系统模型的测量仪器。教学人员被要求说明管理硕士课程在他们看来的有效性或功能性排名。根据研究结果,可以观察到,职业世界的准备功能在百分比上占据第一位,该部门的有效性实现率为68.77%,其次是科学的促进和发展功能,达到63.10%。第三位是文化的促进、发展和传播功能,62.95%。这项研究的结果使发布相应的建议成为可能,以便在不久的将来在这一领域取得有意义的改进。
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引用次数: 1
Las investigaciones en torno a la Real Universidad de México. Una síntesis historiográfica 关于墨西哥皇家大学的研究。历史综合
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.22201/iisue.20072872e.2020.32.817
Dante-Alberto Alcántara-Bojorge
The historiography dedicated to the Royal University of Mexico has gone through different stages since the early 20th century and presents different points of view on various aspects of its corporate and academic activities. This article provides an overview of the main questions and problems raised so far, taking as an axis the historiography promoted by researchers of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, and sets out some topics that are still to be explored.
自20世纪初以来,墨西哥皇家大学的史学经历了不同的阶段,并对其企业和学术活动的各个方面提出了不同的观点。本文以墨西哥国立自治大学研究人员推动的史学为轴,概述了迄今为止提出的主要问题,并提出了一些有待探索的主题。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista Iberoamericana de Educacion Superior
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