Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.19108/koers.88.1.2544
Casper Lötter
Jürgen Habermas’s rationalistic reimagining of a more compassionate society can be imaginatively defended by feminism, and one such legitimate line of criticism would be a feminist reading of this Frankfurt School-inspired project. In this contribution, therefore, I also aim to show ‘how’ and ‘why’ these efforts of Habermas’s could be complemented. The former is an exploration of novel post-structuralist ideas on inclusive ‘both/and’ theory appropriation. I briefly outline the nuanced intellectual history of the Frankfurt School between the first and second generations, which is Habermas’s seminal contribution to this tradition. Carol Gilligan’s ‘ethic of care,’ around which a more caring, responsive society might be (re)constructed, is then applied. Against this backdrop, Lakoff’s and Gerhardt’s proposals for the caring society, based on investigations into the link between authoritarian parenting and capitalism, are taken into consideration. These ideas are supported with an outline of recent progress within neuroscience that demonstrates the benefits of both early emotional nurturing and an appropriate attachment paradigm. It is thus argued that feminism, as part of a richer interdisciplinary methodology, could meaningfully correct and thereafter complement Habermas’s shortcomings, with post-structuralism as the methodological glue that adheres Habermas’s universalistic project with feminists’ emphases on specificity. “One of the things about looking at the world through a feminist lens is [the awareness] that we are already in a dystopia.” — Leni Zumas, author of Red Clocks (2018 ), part of a growing canon of woman-written dystopian fiction.
j根·哈贝马斯对一个更富有同情心的社会的理性主义重新构想，可以被女权主义富有想象力地辩护，其中一条合法的批评路线将是女权主义者对这个法兰克福学派启发的项目的解读。因此，在这篇文章中，我还旨在展示“如何”和“为什么”哈贝马斯的这些努力可以得到补充。前者是对后结构主义关于包容性“同时/和”理论挪用的新思想的探索。我简要概述了法兰克福学派在第一代和第二代之间微妙的思想史，这是哈贝马斯对这一传统的开创性贡献。卡罗尔·吉利根(Carol Gilligan)提出的“关怀伦理”(ethical of care)可能会(重新)构建一个更有爱心、更有责任感的社会。在此背景下，Lakoff和Gerhardt基于对专制教育与资本主义之间联系的调查，提出了关爱社会的建议。这些观点得到了神经科学最新进展的支持，这些进展证明了早期情感培养和适当的依恋范式的好处。因此，有人认为，作为更丰富的跨学科方法论的一部分，女权主义可以有意义地纠正并补充哈贝马斯的缺点，后结构主义作为方法论的粘合剂，将哈贝马斯的普遍主义计划与女权主义者对特殊性的强调结合在一起。“从女权主义的角度看世界，其中一件事就是(意识到)我们已经处于一个反乌托邦中。——莱尼·祖玛斯，《红钟》(2018)的作者，这是越来越多的女性撰写的反乌托邦小说的一部分。
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Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.19108/koers.88.1.2562
Takalani A. Muswubi
Restorative justice tends to be a controversial issue. Millions of marginalized people across the planet who are in the vicious cycle of being underprivileged, have already lost any hope and sense of dignity, as they see unfairness in the justice system as well as in the socio-economic and political sphere of life. The concept of equality and equity add confusion as they are often mixed up and confused in their attempt to seek justice. The question is: what is the nature and significance of restorative justice? The misconception about restorative justice is one of the reasons for the lack of fulfilling this missional call. The reflection is done using the reformation framework, namely the framework involving creation, fall, redemption, and future consummation. Before the conclusion and recommendation, this article is set to discuss the nature, significance, scope, and role of the concept of restorative justice. Contribution: This research deals with restorative justice as a missional call in the South African intercultural context and beyond. Both the lawmakers (and executors), and the underprivileged (and marginalized), need the way forward clarity and solution regarding the nature and the significance, scope, and role of the concept of restorative justice.
{"title":"Restorative Justice as a missional call in South African intercultural context and beyond.","authors":"Takalani A. Muswubi","doi":"10.19108/koers.88.1.2562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers.88.1.2562","url":null,"abstract":"Restorative justice tends to be a controversial issue. Millions of marginalized people across the planet who are in the vicious cycle of being underprivileged, have already lost any hope and sense of dignity, as they see unfairness in the justice system as well as in the socio-economic and political sphere of life. The concept of equality and equity add confusion as they are often mixed up and confused in their attempt to seek justice. The question is: what is the nature and significance of restorative justice? The misconception about restorative justice is one of the reasons for the lack of fulfilling this missional call. The reflection is done using the reformation framework, namely the framework involving creation, fall, redemption, and future consummation. Before the conclusion and recommendation, this article is set to discuss the nature, significance, scope, and role of the concept of restorative justice. \u0000\u0000Contribution: This research deals with restorative justice as a missional call in the South African intercultural context and beyond. Both the lawmakers (and executors), and the underprivileged (and marginalized), need the way forward clarity and solution regarding the nature and the significance, scope, and role of the concept of restorative justice.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86776614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.19108/koers.88.1.2523
J. Hexham
Beginning in the mid-1970s, the term “worldview” gradually became popular among evangelical and fundamentalist Christians as a result of the work of Francis A Schaeffer. He popularized the term through his best-selling books and films. This paper argues that in developing his thoughts about worldviews, Schaeffer appropriated earlier, and far more sophisticated, theories from Abraham Kuyper and Herman Dooyeweerd. The ideas of these men are explored to enable readers to understand the way evangelicals developed Schaeffer’s ideas. It is argued that they moved away from the way both Schaeffer and his mentors used the term. As a result, they lost sight of the fact that understanding worldviews was intended by Kuyper, Dooyeweerd, and Schaeffer to facilitate discussion between people holding very different views. Instead, worldview was turned into a propaganda device that enable people to avoid engagement with people and ideas they dislike. The paper concludes by suggesting that instead of dismissing Christians who employ worldview thinking for political purposes they ought to be challenged to develop a fuller understanding of worldview and confronted with the insights of Kuyper and Dooyeweerd upon which Schaeffer built his ideas.
从20世纪70年代中期开始，由于弗朗西斯·谢弗(Francis a . Schaeffer)的工作，“世界观”一词逐渐在福音派和原教旨主义基督徒中流行起来。他通过他的畅销书和电影普及了这个词。本文认为，在发展他的世界观思想的过程中，谢弗借鉴了亚伯拉罕·凯波尔和赫尔曼·杜耶韦尔德更早、更复杂的理论。这些人的思想被探索，使读者能够理解福音派发展谢弗思想的方式。有人认为，他们偏离了谢弗和他的导师使用这个词的方式。结果，他们忽视了这样一个事实，即理解世界观是凯波尔、杜耶韦德和谢弗的意图，目的是促进持不同观点的人之间的讨论。相反，世界观变成了一种宣传工具，使人们能够避免与他们不喜欢的人和想法接触。这篇论文的结论是，与其拒绝那些为了政治目的而使用世界观思维的基督徒，不如挑战他们，让他们对世界观有更全面的理解，并面对凯波尔和杜耶韦尔德的见解，谢弗正是在这些见解的基础上建立了自己的思想。
{"title":"The mis-appropriation of Abraham Kuyper’s ideas about “worldview” by American Evangelical Christians","authors":"J. Hexham","doi":"10.19108/koers.88.1.2523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers.88.1.2523","url":null,"abstract":"Beginning in the mid-1970s, the term “worldview” gradually became popular among evangelical and fundamentalist Christians as a result of the work of Francis A Schaeffer. He popularized the term through his best-selling books and films. This paper argues that in developing his thoughts about worldviews, Schaeffer appropriated earlier, and far more sophisticated, theories from Abraham Kuyper and Herman Dooyeweerd. The ideas of these men are explored to enable readers to understand the way evangelicals developed Schaeffer’s ideas. It is argued that they moved away from the way both Schaeffer and his mentors used the term. As a result, they lost sight of the fact that understanding worldviews was intended by Kuyper, Dooyeweerd, and Schaeffer to facilitate discussion between people holding very different views. Instead, worldview was turned into a propaganda device that enable people to avoid engagement with people and ideas they dislike. The paper concludes by suggesting that instead of dismissing Christians who employ worldview thinking for political purposes they ought to be challenged to develop a fuller understanding of worldview and confronted with the insights of Kuyper and Dooyeweerd upon which Schaeffer built his ideas.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76836954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.19108/koers.88.1.2551
Andries Raath
The first half of the eighteenth century witnessed a resurgence of Platonism in literature generally and in theology in Germany en Holland in particular, because of the appeal Plato’s ideas held for the distinction between immanent and transcendental reality, man’s quest for unity with the Good, and the human soul as the vehicle for uniting with God. Because most human beings are preoccupied with material things, Plato believed they need to have their thoughts turned to the immaterial reality behind the material world, and thus to be weaned away from the objects of their passions. To Plato the world is more than a world of appearances. Behind each particular thing is the idea or form of the thing. Moreover, the ideas or forms are all ultimately related to the Form of the Good. Plato believed that the soul is an immaterial entity, which in some ways is like the Forms. Particularly revealing to the emerging trend of Romanticism was Plato’s philosophical transcending of sceptical and materialistic views of reality, the notion that those who know what is good will love and desire it, and that moral virtue is of itself a prerequisite to knowing the good. The problem presented itself as to how sinful man and chaos in the world can be brought in accordance with God’s perfect and sinless nature. Because Plato’s view of human improvement by means of education and salvation through personal virtue is far removed from the Christian message of redemption by a loving, personal God, Pietists reverted to the neo-Platonism legacy of love mysticism to resolve the dualism inherent to the Romantic juxtaposition of the immanent and the transcendent. The Voortrekker woman Susanna Smit reflected these influences in her Reformed Pietistic spirituality and re-interpreted the Christian conviction of the love of God and man’s salvation by relying on neo-Platonism love spirituality in the works of James Hervey, Rutger Schutte, Hieronymus van Alphen, Rhijnvis Feith and other pietistically inclined authors. This research investigates the impact of the idea of experiential numinous love mediating between the Good and the human soul and neo-Platonism love sentimentality in Susanna Smit’s diaries and the effect of these influences in her Reformed Pietistic spirituality from 1843 to 1863.
{"title":"Gereformeerde pietisme, neoplatonisme en pre-Romantieke teodisee in die Voortrekkervrou Susanna Smit (1799-1863) se godsdienstige dagboeke","authors":"Andries Raath","doi":"10.19108/koers.88.1.2551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers.88.1.2551","url":null,"abstract":"The first half of the eighteenth century witnessed a resurgence of Platonism in literature generally and in theology in Germany en Holland in particular, because of the appeal Plato’s ideas held for the distinction between immanent and transcendental reality, man’s quest for unity with the Good, and the human soul as the vehicle for uniting with God. Because most human beings are preoccupied with material things, Plato believed they need to have their thoughts turned to the immaterial reality behind the material world, and thus to be weaned away from the objects of their passions. To Plato the world is more than a world of appearances. Behind each particular thing is the idea or form of the thing. Moreover, the ideas or forms are all ultimately related to the Form of the Good. Plato believed that the soul is an immaterial entity, which in some ways is like the Forms. Particularly revealing to the emerging trend of Romanticism was Plato’s philosophical transcending of sceptical and materialistic views of reality, the notion that those who know what is good will love and desire it, and that moral virtue is of itself a prerequisite to knowing the good. The problem presented itself as to how sinful man and chaos in the world can be brought in accordance with God’s perfect and sinless nature. Because Plato’s view of human improvement by means of education and salvation through personal virtue is far removed from the Christian message of redemption by a loving, personal God, Pietists reverted to the neo-Platonism legacy of love mysticism to resolve the dualism inherent to the Romantic juxtaposition of the immanent and the transcendent. The Voortrekker woman Susanna Smit reflected these influences in her Reformed Pietistic spirituality and re-interpreted the Christian conviction of the love of God and man’s salvation by relying on neo-Platonism love spirituality in the works of James Hervey, Rutger Schutte, Hieronymus van Alphen, Rhijnvis Feith and other pietistically inclined authors. This research investigates the impact of the idea of experiential numinous love mediating between the Good and the human soul and neo-Platonism love sentimentality in Susanna Smit’s diaries and the effect of these influences in her Reformed Pietistic spirituality from 1843 to 1863.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kuyperania 2022","authors":"Steven Bishop","doi":"10.19108/koers.88.1.2554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers.88.1.2554","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks at new works published in 2022 by or about the Dutch polymath Abraham Kuyper (1837-1920).","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86263441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.19108/koers.88.1.2549
Coenraad Jurgens, M. Smit, Johannes L. van der Walt
Section 24 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993) stipulates that all injuries in workshops must be reported. Technology teachers also have a legal duty under common law to report such injuries. Meticulous record keeping of accidents is one of the strategies that can be employed to prevent accidents, thereby creating a safe working environment. This article reports on the findings of an investigation using mixed research methods at 220 technical schools in South Africa that offer Mechanical Technology as a subject. The aim of the study was to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the current state of safety management in workshops in terms of the (lack of) reporting of injuries and of record keeping. The investigation showed that there is still a considerable degree of ignorance among the participating teachers about (adherence to) the prescribed reporting procedures of injuries and their record keeping. In light of this finding, it is recommended that Mechanical Technology teachers should become more aware of their legal obligations and responsibilities regarding the safety of the learners in the workshops. Such in-depth knowledge could also enable them to transform their workshops into safe spaces for their learners. Abstrak Artikel 24 van die Wet op Beroepsgesondheid en -veiligheid (85 van 1993) bepaal dat alle beserings in werkwinkels gerapporteer moet word. Tegnologie-onderwysers het ook volgens die gemenereg ʼn regsplig om sulke beserings aan te meld. Sorgvuldige rekordhouding van ongelukke is een van die maniere wat gebruik kan word om ongelukke te voorkom en sodoende ʼn veilige werksomgewing te skep. Hierdie artikel doen verslag oor bevindings van ʼn ondersoek waartydens gebruik gemaak is van gemengde navorsingsmetodes by 220 tegniese skole in Suid-Afrika wat Meganiese Tegnologie as vak aanbied. Die doel van die studie was om die huidige stand van veiligheidsbestuur in werkswinkels in terme van die aanmelding van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan kwantitatief en kwalitatief te bepaal. Die ondersoek het getoon dat daar nog ‘n aansienlike mate van onkunde by die deelnemende onderwysers bestaan oor die voorgeskrewe aanmeldingsprosedures van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan. In die lig van hierdie bevinding word aanbeveel dat Meganiese Tegnologie-onderwysers groter kennis behoort te dra van hulle wetlike verpligtinge en verantwoordelikhede ten opsigte van die veiligheid van die leerders in die werkswinkels. Sodanige verdiepte kennis behoort hulle ook in staat te stel om hulle werkswinkels te omskep tot geborgenheidsruimtes vir hulle leerders.
{"title":"Die rapportering van beserings in Meganiese Tegnologie-skoolwerkswinkels met die oog op die skep van `n geborgenheidsruimte vir die leerders","authors":"Coenraad Jurgens, M. Smit, Johannes L. van der Walt","doi":"10.19108/koers.88.1.2549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers.88.1.2549","url":null,"abstract":"Section 24 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993) stipulates that all injuries in workshops must be reported. Technology teachers also have a legal duty under common law to report such injuries. Meticulous record keeping of accidents is one of the strategies that can be employed to prevent accidents, thereby creating a safe working environment. This article reports on the findings of an investigation using mixed research methods at 220 technical schools in South Africa that offer Mechanical Technology as a subject. The aim of the study was to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the current state of safety management in workshops in terms of the (lack of) reporting of injuries and of record keeping. The investigation showed that there is still a considerable degree of ignorance among the participating teachers about (adherence to) the prescribed reporting procedures of injuries and their record keeping. In light of this finding, it is recommended that Mechanical Technology teachers should become more aware of their legal obligations and responsibilities regarding the safety of the learners in the workshops. Such in-depth knowledge could also enable them to transform their workshops into safe spaces for their learners.\u0000\u0000Abstrak\u0000Artikel 24 van die Wet op Beroepsgesondheid en -veiligheid (85 van 1993) bepaal dat alle beserings in werkwinkels gerapporteer moet word. Tegnologie-onderwysers het ook volgens die gemenereg ʼn regsplig om sulke beserings aan te meld. Sorgvuldige rekordhouding van ongelukke is een van die maniere wat gebruik kan word om ongelukke te voorkom en sodoende ʼn veilige werksomgewing te skep. Hierdie artikel doen verslag oor bevindings van ʼn ondersoek waartydens gebruik gemaak is van gemengde navorsingsmetodes by 220 tegniese skole in Suid-Afrika wat Meganiese Tegnologie as vak aanbied. Die doel van die studie was om die huidige stand van veiligheidsbestuur in werkswinkels in terme van die aanmelding van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan kwantitatief en kwalitatief te bepaal. Die ondersoek het getoon dat daar nog ‘n aansienlike mate van onkunde by die deelnemende onderwysers bestaan oor die voorgeskrewe aanmeldingsprosedures van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan. In die lig van hierdie bevinding word aanbeveel dat Meganiese Tegnologie-onderwysers groter kennis behoort te dra van hulle wetlike verpligtinge en verantwoordelikhede ten opsigte van die veiligheid van die leerders in die werkswinkels. Sodanige verdiepte kennis behoort hulle ook in staat te stel om hulle werkswinkels te omskep tot geborgenheidsruimtes vir hulle leerders.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84967783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.19108/koers.88.1.2528
Mark Roques, M. Yeadon
The present work identifies the modal aspect theory as a tool capable of evaluating an evangelistic outreach event and an example of such an outreach event is analysed using this theory. The event considered involves the offer, in a public space, of hospitality in the form of refreshments to passers-by. Modal aspect theory is shown to be capable of dynamic and fruitful application. It provides valuable insights into the way in which a biblically faithful outreach event may be organised and executed in such a way as to avoid reductionist influences, including Platonic dualism, and instead facilitate the establishment of a visible instance of the community of God’s people gathered, under his kingdom reign, in a public space into which unbelievers are welcomed.
{"title":"Dooyeweerd, Modal Aspects and Dynamic Evangelism","authors":"Mark Roques, M. Yeadon","doi":"10.19108/koers.88.1.2528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers.88.1.2528","url":null,"abstract":"The present work identifies the modal aspect theory as a tool capable of evaluating an evangelistic outreach event and an example of such an outreach event is analysed using this theory. The event considered involves the offer, in a public space, of hospitality in the form of refreshments to passers-by. Modal aspect theory is shown to be capable of dynamic and fruitful application. It provides valuable insights into the way in which a biblically faithful outreach event may be organised and executed in such a way as to avoid reductionist influences, including Platonic dualism, and instead facilitate the establishment of a visible instance of the community of God’s people gathered, under his kingdom reign, in a public space into which unbelievers are welcomed.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82578959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on the thoughts of Sarah Coakley who tried to enter into dialogue with the concepts of the trinity, sexuality, and gender. According to Coakley, the root cause of sexuality and gender lies in desire (eros). Coakley made a strong critique of Sigmund Freud's thinking. If it was Freud who said the desire for God is was really about sex, on the other hand, Coakley asserted, sexual desire is was always about the desire for God. Coakley approaches the reality of the Trinity and relates it to the problem of human desire through contemplation. The practice of contemplation provides clues about how one can transcend existing gender and sexuality stereotypes. The contemplation that is at the heart of Coakley's thinking plays a very important role in approaching the Trinity, and from there he addresses issues of sexuality and gender.
{"title":"The Trinity, Sexuality, and Gender In Sarah Coakley's Thought","authors":"Yohanes Krismantyo Susanta, Yeremia Yordani","doi":"10.19108/koers...2538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers...2538","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the thoughts of Sarah Coakley who tried to enter into dialogue with the concepts of the trinity, sexuality, and gender. According to Coakley, the root cause of sexuality and gender lies in desire (eros). Coakley made a strong critique of Sigmund Freud's thinking. If it was Freud who said the desire for God is was really about sex, on the other hand, Coakley asserted, sexual desire is was always about the desire for God. Coakley approaches the reality of the Trinity and relates it to the problem of human desire through contemplation. The practice of contemplation provides clues about how one can transcend existing gender and sexuality stereotypes. The contemplation that is at the heart of Coakley's thinking plays a very important role in approaching the Trinity, and from there he addresses issues of sexuality and gender.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87234562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: General J.H. de la Rey in May 1902: a die-hard Boer opting for peace General J.H. (Koos) de la Rey was, according to historians, a Christian Afrikaner and a Boer aristocrat. Not only did he play a leading role in the Boer community of the old Transvaal – in the 1890s he was a well-known member of the Volksraad or highest governing authority in the South African Republic – but in the Anglo-Boer War of 1899–1902 he became a Boer general who distinguished himself by leading his burgers in attacks on British military structures and skirmishes on horseback. De la Rey became known as a military strategist of the first rank. In the run-up to the Anglo-Boer War, which started on 11 October 1899, De la Rey tried to avoid this war with Britain as long as he could. After the war became a reality, he gave himself for his country as a die-hard fighter or “bittereinder”: somebody who fights till the bitter end. Apart from his natural military abilities, General De la Rey had a soft spot and a feeling for stressed people. He helped badly wounded enemies and in May 1902, in Boer talks about peace, he listened with compassion to those Boers who had suffered much and pleaded for peace, convincing him that they had reached the end of their tether – literally the end of the bitter end. De la Rey did not speak much at meetings, but during the peace talks at Vereeniging from 15–31 May 1902, he urged and influenced his people to accept Britain’s peace proposals. In the end, De la Rey and the die-hard fighters among the Boers who had fought for their political independence against British imperialism received fought for self-rule under British rule as soon as possible. De la Rey wanted the Afrikaner people to maintain their identity as a nation in new circumstances and not to be wiped out as a nation through the Anglo-Boer War. He died as a leader and a hero of his people in 1914.
摘要:J.H.德拉雷将军(J.H. de la Rey)是一位选择和平的顽固布尔人。根据历史学家的说法，德拉雷将军是一位信奉基督教的阿非利卡人，也是一位布尔贵族。他不仅在旧德兰士瓦省的布尔人社区中发挥了领导作用——在19世纪90年代，他是南非共和国最高统治机构人民军(Volksraad)的知名成员——而且在1899年至1902年的英布尔战争中，他成为了一名布尔将军，以带领他的肉鸡攻击英国军事建筑和骑在马背上的小规模冲突而闻名。德拉雷成为了著名的一流军事战略家。在1899年10月11日爆发的英布战争的准备阶段，德拉雷试图尽可能地避免与英国的战争。在战争成为现实之后，他把自己献给了他的国家，成为一名顽固的战士或“苦战者”:一个战斗到最后的人。除了天生的军事才能，德拉雷将军对压力大的人也有好感。1902年5月，在布尔人关于和平的演讲中，他同情地倾听了那些饱经苦难、祈求和平的布尔人的心声，让他相信他们已经到了穷尽的时候了，也就是痛苦的尽头了。德拉雷在会议上发言不多，但在1902年5月15日至31日在弗里尼辛举行的和平谈判中，他敦促并影响了他的人民接受英国的和平建议。最后，德拉雷和布尔人中的顽固分子为争取政治独立而反对英国帝国主义，在英国统治下争取自治。德拉雷希望阿非利卡人在新的环境中保持他们作为一个民族的身份，而不是在盎格鲁-布尔战争中被消灭。1914年，他作为人民的领袖和英雄去世。
{"title":"Generaal JH De la Rey in Mei 1902: 'n Bittereinder vir Vrede","authors":"P. Strauss","doi":"10.19108/koers...2537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers...2537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: General J.H. de la Rey in May 1902: a die-hard Boer opting for peace\u0000General J.H. (Koos) de la Rey was, according to historians, a Christian Afrikaner and a Boer aristocrat. Not only did he play a leading role in the Boer community of the old Transvaal – in the 1890s he was a well-known member of the Volksraad or highest governing authority in the South African Republic – but in the Anglo-Boer War of 1899–1902 he became a Boer general who distinguished himself by leading his burgers in attacks on British military structures and skirmishes on horseback. De la Rey became known as a military strategist of the first rank. In the run-up to the Anglo-Boer War, which started on 11 October 1899, De la Rey tried to avoid this war with Britain as long as he could. After the war became a reality, he gave himself for his country as a die-hard fighter or “bittereinder”: somebody who fights till the bitter end. Apart from his natural military abilities, General De la Rey had a soft spot and a feeling for stressed people. He helped badly wounded enemies and in May 1902, in Boer talks about peace, he listened with compassion to those Boers who had suffered much and pleaded for peace, convincing him that they had reached the end of their tether – literally the end of the bitter end.\u0000De la Rey did not speak much at meetings, but during the peace talks at Vereeniging from 15–31 May 1902, he urged and influenced his people to accept Britain’s peace proposals. In the end, De la Rey and the die-hard fighters among the Boers who had fought for their political independence against British imperialism received fought for self-rule under British rule as soon as possible. \u0000De la Rey wanted the Afrikaner people to maintain their identity as a nation in new circumstances and not to be wiped out as a nation through the Anglo-Boer War. He died as a leader and a hero of his people in 1914.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81782682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research has shown that despite the teaching profession being labelled an unattractive career, student teachers’ enrolment in South Africa continues to rise annually. This study seeks to investigate why student teachers enrol for teaching in South Africa today. 222 first year student teachers enrolled for education in a South African university participated in the study, which looked at the perceptions and expectations of student teachers in South Africa. A 91-item questionnaire was used to collect data, and the results indicate that these student teachers have more positive perceptions and expectations on the teaching profession than expected. The study recommends improvements in the education and training environment in South Africa in the form of introducing tax relief measures for teachers; intensified capacity building, and skilling of educators; re-imagining educators’ professional identity through improved professional virtue; improving safety and security in schooling environments; lessening what the author regard as pure administrative functions of teachers which add to the teaching workload; and having in place effective and sustainable infrastructure development programmes.
{"title":"The Push and Pull Factors of Teaching as a Profession – the Perceptions and Expectations of Student Teachers","authors":"G. Sibanda","doi":"10.19108/koers...2514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19108/koers...2514","url":null,"abstract":"Research has shown that despite the teaching profession being labelled an unattractive career, student teachers’ enrolment in South Africa continues to rise annually. This study seeks to investigate why student teachers enrol for teaching in South Africa today. 222 first year student teachers enrolled for education in a South African university participated in the study, which looked at the perceptions and expectations of student teachers in South Africa. A 91-item questionnaire was used to collect data, and the results indicate that these student teachers have more positive perceptions and expectations on the teaching profession than expected. The study recommends improvements in the education and training environment in South Africa in the form of introducing tax relief measures for teachers; intensified capacity building, and skilling of educators; re-imagining educators’ professional identity through improved professional virtue; improving safety and security in schooling environments; lessening what the author regard as pure administrative functions of teachers which add to the teaching workload; and having in place effective and sustainable infrastructure development programmes.","PeriodicalId":38057,"journal":{"name":"Koers","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82417252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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