A novel multi-objective hybrid evolutionary algorithm based on evolutionary programming (EP) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), named MOEPPSO, is presented to coordinate multiple thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) devices in power system. The coordinate design problem of TCSCs is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem, in which the system response is optimized by minimizing several system behavior measure criterions. Then, MOEPPSO is employed to search optimal controller parameters. Design of the multi-objective optimization aims to find out the Pareto optimal solution which is a set of possible optimal solutions for controller parameters. The proposed approach has been applied to a typical IEEE 4-machine 11-bus system with two TCSCs. In comparison with separate design of the controllers, the better performance of the system is achieved.
{"title":"Application of MOEPPSO Algorithm to Coordinate Multiple TCSC Controllers in Power System","authors":"Lin Zhang, Yi Cao","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.386021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.386021","url":null,"abstract":"A novel multi-objective hybrid evolutionary algorithm based on evolutionary programming (EP) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), named MOEPPSO, is presented to coordinate multiple thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) devices in power system. The coordinate design problem of TCSCs is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem, in which the system response is optimized by minimizing several system behavior measure criterions. Then, MOEPPSO is employed to search optimal controller parameters. Design of the multi-objective optimization aims to find out the Pareto optimal solution which is a set of possible optimal solutions for controller parameters. The proposed approach has been applied to a typical IEEE 4-machine 11-bus system with two TCSCs. In comparison with separate design of the controllers, the better performance of the system is achieved.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116184373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper introduces the decomposition of the distorted current into two components; active and residual components. The decomposition is performed in the time-frequency domain using the wavelet packet transform (WPT). The use of the WPT preserves both time and frequency information, provides uniform frequency bands, while give more accurate results than Fourier transform (FT) based approaches especially in case of inter-harmonics or time varying harmonics. The proposed approach can be useful for real-time monitoring of active and residual currents at each frequency, selective switching of harmonic, inter-harmonic elimination, instantaneous non-active power compensation and power quality evaluation.
{"title":"Time-Frequency Non-sinusoidal Current Decomposition Based on the Wavelet Packet Transform","authors":"W. Morsi, M. El-Hawary","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.385466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.385466","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the decomposition of the distorted current into two components; active and residual components. The decomposition is performed in the time-frequency domain using the wavelet packet transform (WPT). The use of the WPT preserves both time and frequency information, provides uniform frequency bands, while give more accurate results than Fourier transform (FT) based approaches especially in case of inter-harmonics or time varying harmonics. The proposed approach can be useful for real-time monitoring of active and residual currents at each frequency, selective switching of harmonic, inter-harmonic elimination, instantaneous non-active power compensation and power quality evaluation.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116313889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One policy aim under electric-industry restructuring has been to replace the centralized utility planning process (integrated resource planning) with regional planning for network investments, and decentralized decision-making for merchant investments. Through specific policies such as encouraging market-based merchant transmission and the proposed establishment of National Interest Transmission Corridors under the Energy Policy Act of 2005, congestion and reliability have been treated as separable and independent system attributes. This paper brings together separate pieces of research in (S. Blumsack et al., 2006) to explore the proposition that transmission investments can be divided into those which relieve congestion and those which enhance system reliability. Using the DC power flow model with linear ATC, we derive some explicit necessary and sufficient analytical conditions under which the separability and independence assumptions hold. These include (i) the network is series-parallel; (ii) demand is completely price- inelastic; (iii) all customers value reliability identically; and (iv) the grid operator does not discriminate among customers when forced to physically ration consumption. Simulations using the IEEE 118-bus test system are presented which demonstrate the close dependence of reliability and congestion, except at very low levels of demand.
电力工业重组的一个政策目标是用网络投资的区域规划和商业投资的分散决策取代集中的公用事业规划过程(综合资源规划)。通过鼓励以市场为基础的商业输电和2005年《能源政策法案》提出的建立国家利益输电走廊等具体政策，拥塞和可靠性已被视为可分离和独立的系统属性。本文汇集了(S. Blumsack et al.， 2006)中的独立研究，以探索输电投资可以分为缓解拥塞和提高系统可靠性的命题。利用具有线性ATC的直流潮流模型，给出了可分性和独立性假设成立的几个明确的充分必要分析条件。这些包括(i)网络是串并联的;(ii)需求完全没有价格弹性;(iii)所有客户对可靠性的重视是一致的;(iv)电网运营商在被迫进行实际定量消费时，不会歧视客户。利用IEEE 118总线测试系统进行的仿真表明，除了在非常低的需求水平外，可靠性和拥塞密切相关。
{"title":"Separability and Independence of Congestion and Reliability: Theory and Simulations","authors":"S. Blumsack, M. Ilić, L. Lave","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.386036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.386036","url":null,"abstract":"One policy aim under electric-industry restructuring has been to replace the centralized utility planning process (integrated resource planning) with regional planning for network investments, and decentralized decision-making for merchant investments. Through specific policies such as encouraging market-based merchant transmission and the proposed establishment of National Interest Transmission Corridors under the Energy Policy Act of 2005, congestion and reliability have been treated as separable and independent system attributes. This paper brings together separate pieces of research in (S. Blumsack et al., 2006) to explore the proposition that transmission investments can be divided into those which relieve congestion and those which enhance system reliability. Using the DC power flow model with linear ATC, we derive some explicit necessary and sufficient analytical conditions under which the separability and independence assumptions hold. These include (i) the network is series-parallel; (ii) demand is completely price- inelastic; (iii) all customers value reliability identically; and (iv) the grid operator does not discriminate among customers when forced to physically ration consumption. Simulations using the IEEE 118-bus test system are presented which demonstrate the close dependence of reliability and congestion, except at very low levels of demand.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121584041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the last decade, various nonlinear control techniques have been applied in FACTS controller design. The performance of nonlinear controllers is influenced by the parameter uncertainty and external disturbance. This paper mainly discusses a novel approach of robust variable structure control (VSC) based series FACTS controller design for damping local mode power system oscillations. The VSC-based controllers for series FACTS devices , including thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), thyristor-controlled phase shifting transformer (TCPST) and unified power flow controller (UPFC), are presented. The designed controllers can provide significant damping to the local mode oscillation. Robust performance of the proposed controller in the SMIB power system is evaluated by computer simulation.
{"title":"VSC based series FACTS controllers for damping local mode oscillations","authors":"G. Cao, Z. Dong, Y. Wang, P. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.385443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.385443","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, various nonlinear control techniques have been applied in FACTS controller design. The performance of nonlinear controllers is influenced by the parameter uncertainty and external disturbance. This paper mainly discusses a novel approach of robust variable structure control (VSC) based series FACTS controller design for damping local mode power system oscillations. The VSC-based controllers for series FACTS devices , including thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), thyristor-controlled phase shifting transformer (TCPST) and unified power flow controller (UPFC), are presented. The designed controllers can provide significant damping to the local mode oscillation. Robust performance of the proposed controller in the SMIB power system is evaluated by computer simulation.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114778440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shunt capacitors can be installed in a distribution system to a required level of reactive power support to reduce energy and peak power losses. The amount of compensation to be provided is linked with the desirable objectives subject to the operational constraints. Thus optimal capacitor placement problem aims at determination of capacitor locations and their respective sizes. This paper presents a power loss based approach to determine suitable capacitor locations and an index and genetic algorithm based approach for optimal capacitor sizing. Highest suitability of nodes for capacitor placement and the corresponding sizes are determined. The proposed method has been tested on 15,31,34,69 and 85-bus distribution networks and the results are found to be very promising with considerable reduction in active power loss and improvement in voltage profile. Results for an 85-bus radial distribution system are presented.
{"title":"2Index and GA based Optimal Location and Sizing of Distribution System Capacitors","authors":"V. Reddy, M. Sydulu","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.385547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.385547","url":null,"abstract":"Shunt capacitors can be installed in a distribution system to a required level of reactive power support to reduce energy and peak power losses. The amount of compensation to be provided is linked with the desirable objectives subject to the operational constraints. Thus optimal capacitor placement problem aims at determination of capacitor locations and their respective sizes. This paper presents a power loss based approach to determine suitable capacitor locations and an index and genetic algorithm based approach for optimal capacitor sizing. Highest suitability of nodes for capacitor placement and the corresponding sizes are determined. The proposed method has been tested on 15,31,34,69 and 85-bus distribution networks and the results are found to be very promising with considerable reduction in active power loss and improvement in voltage profile. Results for an 85-bus radial distribution system are presented.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126265092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A method of calculation of dynamic equivalents for simulation of large power systems has been developed and integrated in Hypersim power system simulator. The calculation of dynamic equivalent is performed by a Matlab program. It starts with the partitioning of the power system in groups of coherent generators using a coherency-based technique. Each coherent group is then aggregated to an equivalent generator and load buses are eliminated. The grouping algorithm is based on the structure preservation of detailed models of generators and their control. The integration of the dynamic equivalents calculation and Hypersim consists of interfacing these two tools via the generated EMTP file since Hypersim can export-import this format. Simulations tests applied to both full and reduced 10 machines, 39 bus power system confirm the validation of the calculation of dynamic equivalents and the integration procedure.
{"title":"Integration of Dynamic Equivalents in Hypersim Power System Simulator","authors":"M. Ourari, L. Dessaint, V. Do","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.385541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.385541","url":null,"abstract":"A method of calculation of dynamic equivalents for simulation of large power systems has been developed and integrated in Hypersim power system simulator. The calculation of dynamic equivalent is performed by a Matlab program. It starts with the partitioning of the power system in groups of coherent generators using a coherency-based technique. Each coherent group is then aggregated to an equivalent generator and load buses are eliminated. The grouping algorithm is based on the structure preservation of detailed models of generators and their control. The integration of the dynamic equivalents calculation and Hypersim consists of interfacing these two tools via the generated EMTP file since Hypersim can export-import this format. Simulations tests applied to both full and reduced 10 machines, 39 bus power system confirm the validation of the calculation of dynamic equivalents and the integration procedure.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126460640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Some aspects on capacitor commutated converter (CCC) applied in HVDC projects are studied. Through the analysis of the simplified AC/DC interconnected system model, the steady-state performance of CCC system is achieved, which is compared with line commutated converter (LCC) system. The expression of the peak voltage across the valves is deduced, and a proper approach to select the commutated capacitor's size is given based on the expression. With single-phase short circuit simulated, the transient performances of CCC and LCC are compared and analyzed. The simulation tool is PSCAD/EMTDC, which is for electromagnetic transient simulation. The research object is Ge-Nan HVDC mono-polar transmission project.
{"title":"Study on Capacitor Commutated Converter applied in HVDC projects","authors":"Fenyan Yang, Yong Chang","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.385778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.385778","url":null,"abstract":"Some aspects on capacitor commutated converter (CCC) applied in HVDC projects are studied. Through the analysis of the simplified AC/DC interconnected system model, the steady-state performance of CCC system is achieved, which is compared with line commutated converter (LCC) system. The expression of the peak voltage across the valves is deduced, and a proper approach to select the commutated capacitor's size is given based on the expression. With single-phase short circuit simulated, the transient performances of CCC and LCC are compared and analyzed. The simulation tool is PSCAD/EMTDC, which is for electromagnetic transient simulation. The research object is Ge-Nan HVDC mono-polar transmission project.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126569818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper compares two statistical methods for short-term wind power forecasting applied in a real wind farm located on complex terrain. The methods require as input past power measurements and meteorological forecasts of wind speed and direction (Numerical Weather Predictions or NWPs) interpolated at the site of the wind farm. Both methods include NWPs estimator models based on fuzzy logic and wind power forecasting models using neural networks combination.
{"title":"Using Radial Basis Neural Networks to Estimate Wind Power Production","authors":"G. Sideratos, N. Hatziargyriou","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.385812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.385812","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares two statistical methods for short-term wind power forecasting applied in a real wind farm located on complex terrain. The methods require as input past power measurements and meteorological forecasts of wind speed and direction (Numerical Weather Predictions or NWPs) interpolated at the site of the wind farm. Both methods include NWPs estimator models based on fuzzy logic and wind power forecasting models using neural networks combination.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128010135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced distribution automation functions enable feeder design with high penetration levels of distributed generation, up to 75% of the feeder's peak load. An example design is presented, based on an IEEE radial test feeder. The distributed generation in this example requires use of directional elements in the feeder relay, along with adaptive settings for line voltage regulators and capacitor switching controls. During implementation and testing planned for 2007 through 2010, devices compliant with IEC substation automation standards will be used for the feeder relays and DG interconnection relays. For the line voltage regulators and capacitor bank controllers, mappings were developed between a legacy DNP3 protocol and the IEC object model. For capacitor bank controllers, an extension of the IEC object model is proposed.
{"title":"Advanced Feeder Design for Distributed Generation","authors":"T. Smith, B. Muschlitz, F. Goodman, T. Mcdermott","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.386168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.386168","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced distribution automation functions enable feeder design with high penetration levels of distributed generation, up to 75% of the feeder's peak load. An example design is presented, based on an IEEE radial test feeder. The distributed generation in this example requires use of directional elements in the feeder relay, along with adaptive settings for line voltage regulators and capacitor switching controls. During implementation and testing planned for 2007 through 2010, devices compliant with IEC substation automation standards will be used for the feeder relays and DG interconnection relays. For the line voltage regulators and capacitor bank controllers, mappings were developed between a legacy DNP3 protocol and the IEC object model. For capacitor bank controllers, an extension of the IEC object model is proposed.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128089311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the practical implementation of a novel fault diagnosis scheme for the protection of interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors using wavelet transform and artificial neural network (ANN). The preprocessing of line currents of different faulted and normal unfaulted conditions of an IPM motor are carried out by the wavelet packet transform (WPT) in order to minimize the structure and timing of the neural network. The WPT coefficients of second level high frequency details (dd2 ) of line currents are able to differentiate between the healthy and faulted conditions. These are used as the input sets of a three-layer feed-forward neural network. The performance of this newly devised diagnosis scheme is evaluated by simulation results as well as by experimental results. The scheme is evaluated and tested on-line on a laboratory 1-hp IPM motor using the ds1102 digital signal processor board. Three types of faults such as single line to ground (L-G) fault, line-to- line (L-L) fault, and single phasing fault are investigated. In all the tests carried out, the type of fault are classified and identified promptly and properly, and the tripping action is initiated almost at the instant or within one cycle of the fault occurrence based on a 60 Hz system.
提出了一种基于小波变换和人工神经网络的内置式永磁电动机保护故障诊断方案。采用小波包变换(WPT)对IPM电机不同故障和正常无故障状态下的线路电流进行预处理，使神经网络的结构和时序最小化。线路电流的二级高频细节(dd2)的WPT系数能够区分正常和故障状态。这些被用作三层前馈神经网络的输入集。通过仿真结果和实验结果对该诊断方案的性能进行了评价。采用ds1102数字信号处理板在实验室1 hp IPM电机上对该方案进行了在线评估和测试。研究了三种类型的故障:单线对地故障、线对线故障和单相故障。在所进行的所有试验中，故障类型被及时正确地分类和识别，并且在故障发生的瞬间或在一个周期内启动跳闸动作。
{"title":"Neuro-WPT Based Diagnosis and Protection of Three-Phase IPM Motor","authors":"M.A. Khan, M. Rahman","doi":"10.1109/PES.2007.385646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2007.385646","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the practical implementation of a novel fault diagnosis scheme for the protection of interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors using wavelet transform and artificial neural network (ANN). The preprocessing of line currents of different faulted and normal unfaulted conditions of an IPM motor are carried out by the wavelet packet transform (WPT) in order to minimize the structure and timing of the neural network. The WPT coefficients of second level high frequency details (dd2 ) of line currents are able to differentiate between the healthy and faulted conditions. These are used as the input sets of a three-layer feed-forward neural network. The performance of this newly devised diagnosis scheme is evaluated by simulation results as well as by experimental results. The scheme is evaluated and tested on-line on a laboratory 1-hp IPM motor using the ds1102 digital signal processor board. Three types of faults such as single line to ground (L-G) fault, line-to- line (L-L) fault, and single phasing fault are investigated. In all the tests carried out, the type of fault are classified and identified promptly and properly, and the tripping action is initiated almost at the instant or within one cycle of the fault occurrence based on a 60 Hz system.","PeriodicalId":380613,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125704049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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