Preventive Medicine Reports最新文献_第3页

Contraceptive care for patients with bigger bodies in the US: Evaluation of a provider training intervention 美国大体型患者的避孕护理：对提供者培训干预的评估

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103389

Yasaman Zia , Alejandra Alvarez , Christina Pineda , Connie Folse , Jen Robinson , Alison Edelman , Suzan Goodman , Cynthia C. Harper

Objective

Weight stigma is widespread in healthcare. Few studies have assessed contraceptive counseling approaches for patients with bigger bodies. We aimed to assess the impact of a training program on changes in counseling knowledge for those delivering care in the US to patients with bigger bodies.

Methods

From January 2024 to January 2025, we surveyed attendees of Continuing Medical Education (CME)-accredited training on delivering contraceptive care to patients with bigger bodies to assess clinical knowledge change.

Results

Most providers lacked knowledge on contraceptive options and emergency contraception dosing and options for patients with bigger bodies at baseline. We found improved knowledge of clinical recommendations for contraceptive care for this population, improved emergency contraception counseling, and enhanced sensitivity in clinical practices both immediately-post and at 3-month post-training.

Conclusions

Patients with bigger bodies deserve accurate clinical information and comprehensive access to contraception. To provide person-centered care for patients with bigger bodies, this training increased knowledge of how to deliver contraceptive care for this population.

目的体重耻辱感在医疗保健中很普遍。很少有研究对体型较大的患者的避孕咨询方法进行评估。我们的目的是评估培训项目对在美国为体型较大的患者提供护理的咨询知识变化的影响。方法从2024年1月至2025年1月，对参加继续医学教育（CME）认可的大体型患者避孕护理培训的人员进行调查，评估临床知识的变化。结果大多数医疗服务提供者缺乏关于避孕选择和紧急避孕剂量的知识，以及基线时体重较大的患者的选择。我们发现，这一人群对临床避孕护理建议的了解有所改善，紧急避孕咨询有所改善，培训后立即和培训后3个月临床实践的敏感性都有所提高。结论体型较大的患者应获得准确的临床信息和全面的避孕措施。为了为体型较大的患者提供以人为本的护理，这一培训增加了如何为这一人群提供避孕护理的知识。

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引用次数: 0

Childhood adversity and self-rated health disparities by citizenship in middle-aged-and-older Latino adults in California 加州中老年拉丁裔成年人的童年逆境和自评健康差异

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103387

Alein Y. Haro-Ramos , Julio Fernando Salas , Josefina Flores Morales

Objectives

We assessed the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and fair/poor self-rated health (SRH), and whether citizenship modifies it among Latinos aged ≥50 years.

Methods

Latinos aged ≥50 from the 2021–2022 California Health Interview Survey (n = 5493) were included. Weighted log-binomial generalized linear models estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) of the associations between ACEs, citizenship, and fair/poor SRH, including interaction terms to assess effect modification on multiplicative and additive scales.

Results

High ACE exposure (≥4) was associated with a higher fair/poor SRH prevalence (PR = 1.38, 95% CI:1.21, 1.57) relative to low ACEs. Immigrant Latinos had higher fair/poor SRH prevalence than U.S.-born Latinos, strongest among noncitizens (PR = 2.19, 95% CI:1.86, 2.57). Multiplicative interaction by citizenship was statistically significant; however, the relative association between high ACEs and fair/poor SRH was smaller among immigrant Latinos than U.S.-born Latinos. On the additive scale, high ACEs corresponded to meaningful absolute increases in fair/poor SRH across all groups (U.S.-born: +14 percentage points; naturalized: +6; noncitizens: +12).

Conclusions

High ACE exposure is consistently associated with poorer SRH among Latinos aged ≥50, but citizenship shapes how this risk is expressed. Evaluating both additive and multiplicative scales clarifies that smaller relative effects among noncitizens coexist with substantial absolute health burdens.

目的：我们评估不良童年经历（ace）与公平/不良自评健康（SRH）之间的关系，以及在年龄≥50岁的拉丁美洲人中，公民身份是否会改变这种关系。方法纳入2021-2022年加州健康访谈调查中年龄≥50岁的拉丁裔（n = 5493）。加权对数二项广义线性模型估计了ace、公民身份和公平/不良SRH之间关联的患病率比率（pr），包括相互作用项，以评估乘法和加法尺度上的影响修改。结果与低ACE相比，高ACE暴露（≥4）与较高的一般/不良SRH患病率相关（PR = 1.38, 95% CI:1.21, 1.57）。拉美裔移民比美国出生的拉美裔人有更高的公平/贫困性生殖疾病患病率，在非公民中最为明显（PR = 2.19, 95% CI:1.86, 2.57）。公民身份的乘法交互作用具有统计学意义；然而，拉美裔移民与美国出生的拉美裔相比，高ace与公平/贫穷的SRH之间的相对关联较小。在累加尺度上，高ace对应于所有群体中公平/贫穷SRH的有意义的绝对增长（美国出生：+14个百分点；归化：+6个百分点；非公民：+12个百分点）。结论：在≥50岁的拉美裔人群中，高ACE暴露始终与较差的SRH相关，但公民身份决定了这种风险的表达方式。对累加性和乘法尺度的评估表明，在非公民中，较小的相对影响与巨大的绝对健康负担并存。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating school health practices in Pennsylvania: Development, results, and insights of the revised 2024–2025 healthy champions assessment 评估宾夕法尼亚州的学校卫生实践：修订后的2024-2025健康冠军评估的发展、结果和见解

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103386

Allison M. Linton , Alicia M. Hoke , Lindsay A. Aluquin , Erik B. Lehman , Deepa L. Sekhar

Objective

This manuscript describes updates to the Healthy Champions school health assessment, revised to align with evolving Pennsylvania and national policies. For the 2024–2025 program year, the tool was updated to reflect best practices that emerged since COVID-19, and current trends in school health.

Methods

Data were collected via the web-based Healthy Champions assessment, open from April–June 2024. The assessment, including five sections – Physical Activity and Education; Nutritional Environment; Counseling and Psychological Services; Health Services and Education; and School Health Environment and Culture, surveyed schools on best practices and regulatory standards. Responses were scored as section scores and analyses examined differences by respondent role type.

Results

Among the 328 responding schools, two-thirds (n = 216, 65.9%) meet or exceed standards in all five sections. The highest scores were observed in Health Services and Education, and Psychological Services and Education, while lowest scores fell in the School Health Environment and Culture section.

Conclusions

Despite high reports of adherence to standards, findings reveal challenges in achieving comprehensive practices. Strengthening school health councils and wellness policies, in concert with improved policies, represent key opportunities to enhance school health in Pennsylvania.

本文描述了健康冠军学校健康评估的更新，修订后与不断发展的宾夕法尼亚州和国家政策保持一致。在2024-2025规划年度，该工具进行了更新，以反映自2019冠状病毒病以来出现的最佳做法以及当前学校卫生趋势。方法通过基于网络的健康冠军评估收集数据，该评估于2024年4月至6月开放。评估包括五个部分——体育活动和教育；营养环境;咨询及心理服务；保健服务和教育；和学校健康环境与文化，调查了学校的最佳做法和监管标准。回答被评分为部分得分，并分析被调查者角色类型的差异。结果328所学校中，三分之二（n = 216，占65.9%）的学校在5项指标中均达到或超过标准。得分最高的是“保健服务和教育”、“心理服务和教育”，得分最低的是“学校保健、环境和文化”。结论：尽管对标准的遵守程度很高，但研究结果显示，在实现全面实践方面存在挑战。加强学校保健委员会和保健政策，配合改进的政策，是加强宾夕法尼亚州学校保健的关键机会。

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引用次数: 0

Health belief model–based peer education to improve human papillomavirus vaccine acceptance: A pilot interventional study among Turkish female midwifery students 基于健康信念模型的同伴教育提高人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接受度：土耳其助产女学生的试点干预研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103377

Özgün Ceylan , Esra Nur Erdoğan , Sinem Ceylan , Tuğba Tahta , Havva Özdemir , Yaren Yıldız , Gülten Güvenç

Objective

This pilot study evaluated a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based peer education program's effectiveness in improving knowledge, attitudes, and intentions regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among female midwifery students in Turkey.

Methods

A randomized, parallel-group pilot trial was conducted with 40 first-year midwifery students (intervention n = 20, control n = 20) at a foundation university in Turkey (January–March 2024). Two control participants were lost to follow-up, leaving 38 for analysis. The intervention group received a structured five-day HBM-based peer education program delivered by senior students, while controls received standard peer-led information. Outcomes included HPV knowledge and four HBM sub-dimensions, assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and at four weeks.

Results

The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in knowledge (p < 0.01), perceived benefits (p = 0.01), severity (p < 0.01), and barriers (p < 0.01) compared with controls. Vaccine intention was higher among intervention participants (90% vs. 0%, p < 0.01). Actual uptake remained low (10%), primarily due to financial barriers (55.6%).

Conclusions

HBM-based peer education can improve HPV vaccine-related knowledge, attitudes, and intentions among midwifery students. The findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the feasibility of theory-based peer education, warranting larger trials.

目的：本初步研究评估了基于健康信念模型（HBM）的同伴教育项目在提高土耳其助产女学生对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种的知识、态度和意向方面的有效性。方法于2024年1 - 3月在土耳其一所基础大学对40名助产学一年级学生（干预n = 20，对照n = 20）进行随机、平行组试验。两名对照参与者失去了随访，留下38名进行分析。干预组接受了由高年级学生提供的为期五天的基于hbm的同伴教育计划，而对照组则接受了标准的同伴引导信息。结果包括HPV知识和四个HBM子维度，分别在基线、干预后和四周进行评估。结果干预组在知识（p < 0.01）、感知获益（p = 0.01）、严重程度（p < 0.01）、障碍（p < 0.01）方面均较对照组有显著提高。干预参与者的疫苗意向较高（90%比0%，p < 0.01）。实际使用率仍然很低（10%），主要是由于资金障碍（55.6%）。结论以shbm为基础的同伴教育可以提高助产学学生的HPV疫苗相关知识、态度和意向。研究结果为支持基于理论的同伴教育的可行性提供了初步证据，需要进行更大规模的试验。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of extreme temperature and humidity on COPD mortality: A multi-county study in Chongqing, China 极端温度和湿度对慢性阻塞性肺病死亡率的影响：中国重庆多县研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103370

Jiangbo Wang , Wanzhi Han , Xianbin Ding , Aiping Gou , Chunyan Gou , Qiang Tan , Xiaoyan Lv

Objective

This study assessed the associations between extreme temperature, humidity, and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality and their spatial variation, within the understudied context of a mountainous city with complex microclimates.

Methods

We conducted an ecological study across 38 counties in Chongqing (2015–2020), using a two-stage approach combining distributed lag nonlinear models and multivariate meta-regression to estimate county-specific and pooled associations.

Results

Both extreme temperature and humidity were linked to increased COPD mortality. The cumulative relative risks (CRRs) for extreme high and low temperatures were 1.52 (95% CI: 1.27,1.83) and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.19,1.62), respectively. High and low humidity effects were weaker, with CRRs of 1.13 (95% CI: 0.97,1.31) and 1.12(95% CI: 0.85,1.48). Spatial heterogeneity was evident: heat effects occurred in urban and southeastern mountainous areas, cold risk was pronounced at higher altitudes, high humidity effects appeared along rivers, and low humidity increased risk in dry mountainous zones.

Conclusions

Extreme temperature and humidity significantly influence COPD mortality, with clear spatial variability across regions. Our findings can support public health agencies and local governments in developing more targeted warning systems and improving climate-adaptive COPD prevention strategies.

目的在一个复杂小气候的山地城市中，研究极端温度、极端湿度与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）死亡率之间的关系及其空间变异。方法采用分布滞后非线性模型和多元元回归相结合的两阶段方法，对重庆市38个县域（2015-2020）的生态环境进行了研究。结果极端温度和湿度都与COPD死亡率增加有关。极端高温和低温的累积相对危险度（CRRs）分别为1.52 （95% CI: 1.27,1.83）和1.39 （95% CI: 1.19,1.62）。高、低湿效应较弱，crr分别为1.13 （95% CI: 0.97,1.31）和1.12（95% CI: 0.85,1.48）。空间异质性明显：城市和东南部山区存在热效应，高海拔地区冷风险明显，沿河地区存在高湿效应，干燥山区低湿风险增加。结论极端温度和湿度对慢性阻塞性肺病死亡率有显著影响，且区域间存在明显的空间差异。我们的研究结果可以支持公共卫生机构和地方政府开发更有针对性的预警系统，改善气候适应性COPD预防策略。

{"title":"Effects of extreme temperature and humidity on COPD mortality: A multi-county study in Chongqing, China","authors":"Jiangbo Wang , Wanzhi Han , Xianbin Ding , Aiping Gou , Chunyan Gou , Qiang Tan , Xiaoyan Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study assessed the associations between extreme temperature, humidity, and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality and their spatial variation, within the understudied context of a mountainous city with complex microclimates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an ecological study across 38 counties in Chongqing (2015–2020), using a two-stage approach combining distributed lag nonlinear models and multivariate meta-regression to estimate county-specific and pooled associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both extreme temperature and humidity were linked to increased COPD mortality. The cumulative relative risks (CRRs) for extreme high and low temperatures were 1.52 (95% CI: 1.27,1.83) and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.19,1.62), respectively. High and low humidity effects were weaker, with CRRs of 1.13 (95% CI: 0.97,1.31) and 1.12(95% CI: 0.85,1.48). Spatial heterogeneity was evident: heat effects occurred in urban and southeastern mountainous areas, cold risk was pronounced at higher altitudes, high humidity effects appeared along rivers, and low humidity increased risk in dry mountainous zones.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Extreme temperature and humidity significantly influence COPD mortality, with clear spatial variability across regions. Our findings can support public health agencies and local governments in developing more targeted warning systems and improving climate-adaptive COPD prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38066,"journal":{"name":"Preventive Medicine Reports","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 103370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The needs and expectations of people eligible for lung cancer screening in Switzerland: A mixed method study 瑞士有资格接受肺癌筛查人群的需求和期望：一项混合方法研究

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103382

Mélinée Schindler , Cynthia Schneider , Christophe von Garnier , Cédric Bongard , Jean-Luc Bulliard , Chiara Pozzessere , Kevin Selby , Christina Akre

Objective

Organized lung cancer screening is being considered in Switzerland. This study assesses knowledge, barriers, and expectations regarding screening among the population and healthcare professionals prior to a pilot project.

Methods

A convergent, mixed method approach combined an online survey, focus groups and interviews with laypeople aged 50–79 years with a smoking history and healthcare professionals. Data were collected between June and August 2023 in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland.

Results

Among 952 survey respondents (79% women, 60% current or ex-smokers), 19% were aware of lung cancer screening, but 75% would participate if offered.Responders preferred information from general practitioners (72%) or official letters (46%). In qualitative interviews, the 24 participants emphasized clear, non-stigmatizing, emotionally engaging communication, accessible logistics, and supportive professional guidance. Eligibility criteria were often viewed as too restrictive.

Conclusions

The implementation of lung cancer screening in Switzerland will require a multichannel communication campaign, training and tools for healthcare professionals, and clear eligibility criteria using a pedagogical approach.

目的瑞士正在考虑有组织的肺癌筛查。本研究评估了在试点项目之前，人群和医疗保健专业人员对筛查的知识、障碍和期望。方法采用融合、混合方法，对50 ~ 79岁有吸烟史的外行人和医疗保健专业人员进行在线调查、焦点小组和访谈。数据于2023年6月至8月在瑞士沃州收集。结果在952名受访者中（79%为女性，60%为吸烟者或戒烟者），19%的人知道肺癌筛查，但如果有机会，75%的人会参加。应答者更喜欢来自全科医生（72%）或官方信函（46%）的信息。在定性访谈中，24名参与者强调了清晰、非污名化、情感投入的沟通、无障碍的后勤和支持性的专业指导。资格标准常常被认为过于严格。结论：在瑞士实施肺癌筛查需要开展多渠道的宣传活动，为医疗保健专业人员提供培训和工具，并采用教学方法明确合格标准。

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引用次数: 0

Global quality of care trends for lip and oral cavity cancer: A quality of care index analysis, 1990–2021 全球口腔癌护理质量趋势：1990-2021年护理质量指数分析

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103380

Yilin Zhang , Wenkai Xu , Haocheng Wang , Liang Mao , Jing Sun

Objective

To evaluate global trends and disparities in the quality of care for lip and oral cavity cancer (LOCC) from 1990 to 2021 using the Quality of Care Index (QCI).

Methods

Data on LOCC burden were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study, covering 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. The QCI was constructed via principal component analysis of four component indices: mortality-to-incidence ratio, prevalence-to-incidence ratio, years of life lost to years lived with disability ratio, and disability-adjusted life years to prevalence ratio. Analyses were stratified by socio-demographic index (SDI), age, and sex.

Results

A geographical decoupling was observed: high-SDI regions had the highest LOCC incidence, while low-middle SDI regions had the highest mortality. The global QCI improved from 1990 to 2021 but strongly correlated with national development. Females consistently had higher QCI scores than males across all SDI groups. The QCI-age relationship varied by SDI region.

Conclusions

Despite global improvement, significant inequities in LOCC care quality persist across regions, ages, and sexes. Future strategies must focus on enhancing healthcare system performance and ensuring equitable access to effective care.

目的利用护理质量指数（QCI）评估1990年至2021年全球唇腔癌（LOCC）护理质量的趋势和差异。方法从全球疾病负担（GBD） 2021研究中获取LOCC负担数据，涵盖1990 - 2021年204个国家和地区。QCI是通过对四个成分指数的主成分分析来构建的：死亡率与发病率比、患病率与发病率比、丧失生命年数与残疾生活年数之比、残疾调整生命年数与患病率之比。分析按社会人口指数（SDI）、年龄和性别进行分层。结果高SDI地区的LOCC发病率最高，而低-中SDI地区的死亡率最高。从1990年到2021年，全球质量ci有所改善，但与国家发展密切相关。在所有SDI组中，女性的QCI得分始终高于男性。qci -年龄关系因SDI地区而异。结论：尽管全球范围内有所改善，但不同地区、年龄和性别的LOCC护理质量仍然存在显著不平等。未来的战略必须侧重于提高卫生保健系统的绩效和确保公平获得有效护理。

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引用次数: 0

Persistent glycemic deterioration after the COVID-19 pandemic: A large cohort analysis stratifying by care settings, specialties, and gender disparities in Chengdu, China COVID-19大流行后持续血糖恶化：中国成都一项按护理环境、专科和性别差异分层的大型队列分析

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103378

Dongmei Chen , Shiyu Deng

Objective

This study aimed to quantify the sustained impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic on glycemic control across distinct healthcare settings, medical specialties, and demographic groups.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 274,909 glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) records from a tertiary hospital in Chengdu,China between 2013 and 2025. Non-parametric tests were used to compare median HbA1c levels across pre-pandemic, pandemic, peak-infection, and post-pandemic phases, stratified by Healthcare Settings, specialty, age, and gender.

Results

Significant deterioration in glycemic control was observed during the pandemic period and sustained thereafter. Median HbA1c increased from 5.9 % (pre-pandemic) to 6.4 % (peak infection), remaining elevated at 6.2 % post-pandemic (p < 0.01). Outpatient settings demonstrated the poorest glycemic control (median 6.4 %). The most pronounced deteriorations occurred in critical care unit (ICU: Δ + 3.0 %) and surgical departments (Δ + 0.7 %), while Endocrinology maintained better outcomes (Δ-0.3 %). Older adults (≥76 years, Δ + 0.6 %) and male patients showed greatest vulnerability to glycemic deterioration.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in persistent glycemic deterioration, particularly affecting outpatient management, acute care settings, and vulnerable demographic groups. These findings highlight critical gaps in diabetes care resilience and underscore the need for targeted interventions in high-risk settings and strengthened support systems for susceptible populations.

目的：本研究旨在量化2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对不同医疗机构、医学专业和人口群体血糖控制的持续影响。方法回顾性分析2013年至2025年成都市某三级医院274909例糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）记录。采用非参数检验比较大流行前、大流行、感染高峰和大流行后阶段的中位数HbA1c水平，并按医疗机构、专业、年龄和性别分层。结果大流行期间血糖控制明显恶化，此后持续恶化。中位糖化血红蛋白从大流行前的5.9%上升到感染高峰时的6.4%，大流行后保持在6.2%的高位（p < 0.01）。门诊患者血糖控制最差（中位数为6.4%）。最明显的恶化发生在重症监护病房（ICU： Δ + 3.0%）和外科（Δ + 0.7%），而内分泌科保持较好的预后（Δ-0.3 %）。老年人（≥76岁，Δ + 0.6%）和男性患者最容易发生血糖恶化。结论新冠肺炎大流行导致持续血糖恶化，对门诊管理、急症护理机构和弱势人群的影响尤为明显。这些发现突出了糖尿病护理复原力方面的重大差距，并强调需要在高风险环境中进行有针对性的干预，并加强对易感人群的支持系统。

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引用次数: 0

Mortality trends in the United States in recent years including provisional 2024 data 美国近年死亡率趋势，包括2024年的临时数据

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103373

Shehroze Tabassum , Faraz Azhar , Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas , Dmitry Abramov

Objectives

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in greater mortality in the United States. We sought to evaluate ongoing rates of all-cause and of top individual causes of mortality using provisional 2024 mortality data.

Methods

Data on all-cause and top individual causes of mortality in the United States between 2018 and provisional 2024 estimates, using Age-Adjusted and Crude Mortality rates (with 95 % Confidence Intervals), were obtained from the publicly available Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research data set.

Results

All-cause age-adjusted mortality rates 100,000 from 2018 and provisional 2024 data were 723.6 (722.8724.5), 715.3 (714.4716.1), 835.4 (834.5836.3), 879.7 (878.7880.6), 798.8 (797.9799.9), 750.5 (749.7751.4), and 742.6 (741.8743.5), with provisional 2024 rates remaining above pre-pandemic baseline. Mortality attributed to COVID-19 infection peaked in 2021 as the 3rd leading cause of death, dropping to the 4th, 11th, and 15th leading cause of death in 2022, 2023, and provisional 2024 data respectively.

Conclusions

All-cause mortality rates in provisional 2024 data in the United States remain above pre-pandemic baseline. Mortality from COVID dropped from the 3rd leading cause of death in 2021 to the 15th leading cause of death in provisional 2024 data.

目的2019冠状病毒病大流行导致美国死亡率上升。我们试图利用2024年的临时死亡率数据来评估目前的全因死亡率和主要个人死亡率。方法从疾病控制和预防中心公开提供的广泛在线流行病学研究数据集中获得2018年至2024年美国全因死亡和主要个人死亡原因的临时估计数据，使用年龄调整死亡率和粗死亡率（95%置信区间）。结果2018年和2024年暂定数据的10万人全因年龄调整死亡率分别为723.6（722.8724.5）、715.3（714.4716.1）、835.4（834.5836.3）、879.7（878.7880.6）、798.8（797.9799.9）、750.5（749.7751.4）和742.6(741.8743.5)，2024年暂定死亡率均高于流行前基线。2019冠状病毒病感染导致的死亡率在2021年达到峰值，成为第三大死亡原因，分别在2022年、2023年和2024年的临时数据中降至第4、第11和第15大死亡原因。结论：美国2024年临时数据的全因死亡率仍高于大流行前的基线。COVID - 19造成的死亡率从2021年的第三大死亡原因下降到2024年临时数据中的第15大死亡原因。

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引用次数: 0

Emotional freedom techniques for anxiety, depression, and quality of life in middle-aged and older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled trial in China 情绪释放技术对慢性阻塞性肺疾病中老年患者焦虑、抑郁和生活质量的影响：中国的一项随机对照试验

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Preventive Medicine Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103356

Chang Mengting , Xu Jing , Luo Tiantian , Chen Hongxin , Chen Lixia , Cheng Xirong

Objective

To test the effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) in reducing anxiety and depression and improving sleep, fatigue, and disease-specific quality of life in middle-aged and older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods

This randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Nanjing,China,from December 2024 to July 2025. Ninety COPD inpatients with anxiety (AIR-C ≥ 8) and depression (SDS >53) were randomly allocated to routine care (control, n = 45) or routine care plus a 6-week EFT program (EFT, n = 45). AIR-C, SDS, PSQI, MCFS, and CAT scores were collected at baseline, week 2, and week 6. Repeated-measures ANOVA and independent t-tests were applied with α = 0.05.

Results

Compared with controls, the EFT group showed larger declines at week 6 in anxiety (Δ = 2.40 ± 3.62, P < 0.01) and depression (Δ = 4.49 ± 8.37, P < 0.01) and greater improvements in sleep quality (Δ = 8.66 ± 5.05), fatigue (Δ = 3.55 ± 5.89), and CAT (Δ = 3.91 ± 5.98) (all P < 0.01). Benefits emerged by week 2.

Conclusions

A 6-week EFT program is an effective, safe, and inexpensive adjunct to routine rehabilitation for COPD, producing rapid and sustained improvements in psychological distress and health-related quality of life.

目的探讨情绪释放技术（EFT）对中老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者减轻焦虑和抑郁、改善睡眠、疲劳和疾病特异性生活质量的有效性。方法本随机对照试验于2024年12月至2025年7月在中国南京市某三级医院进行。90例伴有焦虑（AIR-C≥8）和抑郁（SDS >53）的COPD住院患者随机分为常规治疗组（对照组，n = 45）或常规治疗加6周EFT治疗组（EFT, n = 45）。在基线、第2周和第6周收集AIR-C、SDS、PSQI、MCFS和CAT评分。采用重复测量方差分析和独立t检验，α = 0.05。结果与对照组相比，EFT组在第6周焦虑（Δ = 2.40±3.62,P < 0.01）和抑郁（Δ = 4.49±8.37,P < 0.01）的下降幅度较大，睡眠质量（Δ = 8.66±5.05）、疲劳（Δ = 3.55±5.89）和CAT （Δ = 3.91±5.98）的改善幅度较大（P < 0.01）。在第2周时，效果开始显现。结论：6周EFT方案是COPD常规康复治疗的一种有效、安全、廉价的辅助手段，可快速、持续地改善患者的心理困扰和健康相关生活质量。

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